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Lim JCW, Sagineedu SR, Yong ACH, Sidik SM, Wong WSF, Stanslas J. Toxicological and pharmacokinetic analysis at therapeutic dose of SRS27, an investigational anti-asthma agent. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2021; 394:95-105. [PMID: 32840650 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01966-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
SRS27, an andrographolide analogue, had been proven to have therapeutic properties at a dose of 3 mg/kg in both in vitro and in vivo asthma models of our previous study. The present study focuses on the pharmacokinetic and toxicity profile of this compound to provide further evidence for the development of this compound as an anti-asthma agent. A simple pharmacokinetic study was performed in female BALB/c mice to measure blood plasma concentration of the compound at therapeutic dose. At a single dose of 3 mg/kg, SRS27 had a relatively short half-life but was able to achieve a concentration range of 13-19 μM that is related to its in vitro bioactivities. With regard to toxicity profile, SRS27 appears to be safe, as no histopathological changes were observed in the liver, kidneys and ovaries of SRS27-treated female BALB/c mice. In addition, there was no significant change in the mean body weight and organ weight of the animals in the SRS27-treated groups compared with the vehicle-treated control group at the end of the treatment. This fully supports the absence of any significant changes in peripheral blood leukocyte counts of SRS27-treated mice. Rewardingly, this acute toxicity study also revealed that SRS27 has a wide therapeutic window as no toxicity symptoms were detected with a dose up to 60 mg/kg daily when tested for 14 days. These results provide strong justification for further investigation of SRS27 as a potential new anti-asthma agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C W Lim
- Pharmacotherapeutics Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - S R Sagineedu
- International Medical University, No.126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A C H Yong
- MAHSA University, Lorong Dungun, 50490, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S M Sidik
- Histopathology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - W S F Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Immunology Program, Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - J Stanslas
- Pharmacotherapeutics Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Lim JCW, Goh FY, Sagineedu SR, Yong ACH, Sidik SM, Lajis NH, Wong WSF, Stanslas J. A semisynthetic diterpenoid lactone inhibits NF-κB signalling to ameliorate inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in a mouse asthma model. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 302:10-22. [PMID: 27089844 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Andrographolide (AGP) and 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (DDAG), two main diterpenoid constituents of Andrographis paniculata were previously shown to ameliorate asthmatic symptoms in a mouse model. However, due to inadequacies of both compounds in terms of drug-likeness, DDAG analogues were semisynthesised for assessment of their anti-asthma activity. A selected analogue, 3,19-diacetyl-14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (SRS27), was tested for inhibitory activity of NF-κB activation in TNF-α-induced A549 cells and was subsequently evaluated in a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma. Female BALB/c mice, 6-8weeks old were sensitized on days 0 and 14, and challenged on days 22, 23 and 24 with OVA. Compound or vehicle (3% dimethyl sulfoxide) was administered intraperitoneally 1h before and 11h after each OVA aerosol challenge. On day 25, pulmonary eosinophilia, airway hyperresponsiveness, mucus hypersecretion, inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4, -5 and -13 in BAL fluid, gene expression of inflammatory mediators such as 5-LOX, E-selectin, VCAM-1, CCL5, TNF-α, AMCase, Ym2, YKL-40, Muc5ac, CCL2 and iNOS in animal lung tissues, and serum IgE were determined. SRS27 at 30μM was found to suppress NF-κB nuclear translocation in A549 cells. In the ovalbumin-induced mouse asthma model, SRS27 at 3mg/kg displayed a substantial decrease in pulmonary eosinophilia, BAL fluid inflammatory cytokines level, serum IgE production, mucus hypersecretion and gene expression of inflammatory mediators in lung tissues. SRS27 is the first known DDAG analogue effective in ameliorating inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in the ovalbumin-induced mouse asthma model.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C-W Lim
- Pharmacotherapeutics Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - F-Y Goh
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - S-R Sagineedu
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - A C-H Yong
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Segi University, Jalan Teknologi, 47810 Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
| | - S M Sidik
- Histopathology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N H Lajis
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - W S F Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore; Immunology Program, Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - J Stanslas
- Pharmacotherapeutics Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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