1
|
Maser J, Grau A, Hornberger E. [Aceruloplasminemia : Diagnosis and treatment of a rare disease]. Nervenarzt 2019; 90:185-187. [PMID: 30215131 DOI: 10.1007/s00115-018-0617-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Maser
- Klinik für Neurologie, Klinikum der Stadt Ludwigshafen gGmbH, Bremserstraße 79, 67063, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Deutschland.
| | - A Grau
- Klinik für Neurologie, Klinikum der Stadt Ludwigshafen gGmbH, Bremserstraße 79, 67063, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Deutschland
| | - E Hornberger
- Klinik für Neurologie, Klinikum der Stadt Ludwigshafen gGmbH, Bremserstraße 79, 67063, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu Y, Lopes PP, Cha W, Harder R, Maser J, Maxey E, Highland MJ, Markovic NM, Hruszkewycz SO, Stephenson GB, You H, Ulvestad A. Stability Limits and Defect Dynamics in Ag Nanoparticles Probed by Bragg Coherent Diffractive Imaging. Nano Lett 2017; 17:1595-1601. [PMID: 28186775 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b04760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Dissolution is critical to nanomaterial stability, especially for partially dealloyed nanoparticle catalysts. Unfortunately, highly active catalysts are often not stable in their reactive environments, preventing widespread application. Thus, focusing on the structure-stability relationship at the nanoscale is crucial and will likely play an important role in meeting grand challenges. Recent advances in imaging capability have come from electron, X-ray, and other techniques but tend to be limited to specific sample environments and/or two-dimensional images. Here, we report investigations into the defect-stability relationship of silver nanoparticles to voltage-induced electrochemical dissolution imaged in situ in three-dimensional detail by Bragg coherent diffractive imaging. We first determine the average dissolution kinetics by stationary probe rotating disk electrode in combination with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, which allows in situ measurement of Ag+ ion formation. We then observe the dissolution and redeposition processes in single nanocrystals, providing unique insight about the role of surface strain, defects, and their coupling to the dissolution chemistry. The methods developed and the knowledge gained go well beyond a "simple" silver electrochemistry and are applicable to all electrocatalytic reactions where functional links between activity and stability are controlled by structure and defect dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Liu
- Materials Science Division and ‡Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - P P Lopes
- Materials Science Division and ‡Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - W Cha
- Materials Science Division and ‡Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - R Harder
- Materials Science Division and ‡Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - J Maser
- Materials Science Division and ‡Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - E Maxey
- Materials Science Division and ‡Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - M J Highland
- Materials Science Division and ‡Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - N M Markovic
- Materials Science Division and ‡Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - S O Hruszkewycz
- Materials Science Division and ‡Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - G B Stephenson
- Materials Science Division and ‡Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - H You
- Materials Science Division and ‡Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - A Ulvestad
- Materials Science Division and ‡Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cha W, Ulvestad A, Allain M, Chamard V, Harder R, Leake SJ, Maser J, Fuoss PH, Hruszkewycz SO. Three Dimensional Variable-Wavelength X-Ray Bragg Coherent Diffraction Imaging. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:225501. [PMID: 27925753 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.225501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present and demonstrate a formalism by which three-dimensional (3D) Bragg x-ray coherent diffraction imaging (BCDI) can be implemented without moving the sample by scanning the energy of the incident x-ray beam. This capability is made possible by introducing a 3D Fourier transform that accounts for x-ray wavelength variability. We demonstrate the approach by inverting coherent Bragg diffraction patterns from a gold nanocrystal measured with an x-ray energy scan. Variable-wavelength BCDI will expand the breadth of feasible in situ 3D strain imaging experiments towards more diverse materials environments, especially where sample manipulation is difficult.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Cha
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A Ulvestad
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - M Allain
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - V Chamard
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - R Harder
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S J Leake
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - J Maser
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - P H Fuoss
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S O Hruszkewycz
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chakraborty R, Serdy J, West B, Stuckelberger M, Lai B, Maser J, Bertoni MI, Culpepper ML, Buonassisi T. Development of an in situ temperature stage for synchrotron X-ray spectromicroscopy. Rev Sci Instrum 2015; 86:113705. [PMID: 26628142 DOI: 10.1063/1.4935807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In situ characterization of micro- and nanoscale defects in polycrystalline thin-film materials is required to elucidate the physics governing defect formation and evolution during photovoltaic device fabrication and operation. X-ray fluorescence spectromicroscopy is particularly well-suited to study defects in compound semiconductors, as it has a large information depth appropriate to study thick and complex materials, is sensitive to trace amounts of atomic species, and provides quantitative elemental information, non-destructively. Current in situ methods using this technique typically require extensive sample preparation. In this work, we design and build an in situ temperature stage to study defect kinetics in thin-film solar cells under actual processing conditions, requiring minimal sample preparation. Careful selection of construction materials also enables controlled non-oxidizing atmospheres inside the sample chamber such as H2Se and H2S. Temperature ramp rates of up to 300 °C/min are achieved, with a maximum sample temperature of 600 °C. As a case study, we use the stage for synchrotron X-ray fluorescence spectromicroscopy of CuIn(x)Ga(1-x)Se2 (CIGS) thin-films and demonstrate predictable sample thermal drift for temperatures 25-400 °C, allowing features on the order of the resolution of the measurement technique (125 nm) to be tracked while heating. The stage enables previously unattainable in situ studies of nanoscale defect kinetics under industrially relevant processing conditions, allowing a deeper understanding of the relationship between material processing parameters, materials properties, and device performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Chakraborty
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Serdy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - B West
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - M Stuckelberger
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - B Lai
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J Maser
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - M I Bertoni
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - M L Culpepper
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - T Buonassisi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ulvestad A, Singer A, Clark JN, Cho HM, Kim JW, Harder R, Maser J, Meng YS, Shpyrko OG. Topological defect dynamics in operando battery nanoparticles. Science 2015; 348:1344-7. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aaa1313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
6
|
Hruszkewycz SO, Holt MV, Maser J, Murray CE, Highland MJ, Folkman CM, Fuoss PH. Coherent Bragg nanodiffraction at the hard X-ray Nanoprobe beamline. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2014; 372:20130118. [PMID: 24470418 PMCID: PMC3900036 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2013.0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Bragg coherent diffraction with nanofocused hard X-ray beams provides unique opportunities for quantitative in situ studies of crystalline structure in nanoscale regions of complex materials and devices by a variety of diffraction-based techniques. In the case of coherent diffraction imaging, a major experimental challenge in using nanoscale coherent beams is maintaining a constant scattering volume such that coherent fringe visibility is maximized and maintained over the course of an exposure lasting several seconds. Here, we present coherent Bragg diffraction patterns measured from different nanostructured thin films at the Sector 26 Nanoprobe beamline at the Advanced Photon Source and demonstrate that with nanoscale positional control, coherent diffraction patterns can be measured with source-limited fringe visibilities more than 50% suitable for imaging by coherent Bragg ptychography techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. O. Hruszkewycz
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - M. V. Holt
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - J. Maser
- The Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - C. E. Murray
- IBM Corporation, TJ Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
| | - M. J. Highland
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - C. M. Folkman
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - P. H. Fuoss
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen S, Deng J, Yuan Y, Flachenecker C, Mak R, Hornberger B, Jin Q, Shu D, Lai B, Maser J, Roehrig C, Paunesku T, Gleber SC, Vine DJ, Finney L, VonOsinski J, Bolbat M, Spink I, Chen Z, Steele J, Trapp D, Irwin J, Feser M, Snyder E, Brister K, Jacobsen C, Woloschak G, Vogt S. The Bionanoprobe: hard X-ray fluorescence nanoprobe with cryogenic capabilities. J Synchrotron Radiat 2014; 21:66-75. [PMID: 24365918 PMCID: PMC3874019 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577513029676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Hard X-ray fluorescence microscopy is one of the most sensitive techniques for performing trace elemental analysis of biological samples such as whole cells and tissues. Conventional sample preparation methods usually involve dehydration, which removes cellular water and may consequently cause structural collapse, or invasive processes such as embedding. Radiation-induced artifacts may also become an issue, particularly as the spatial resolution increases beyond the sub-micrometer scale. To allow imaging under hydrated conditions, close to the `natural state', as well as to reduce structural radiation damage, the Bionanoprobe (BNP) has been developed, a hard X-ray fluorescence nanoprobe with cryogenic sample environment and cryo transfer capabilities, dedicated to studying trace elements in frozen-hydrated biological systems. The BNP is installed at an undulator beamline at sector 21 of the Advanced Photon Source. It provides a spatial resolution of 30 nm for two-dimensional fluorescence imaging. In this first demonstration the instrument design and motion control principles are described, the instrument performance is quantified, and the first results obtained with the BNP on frozen-hydrated whole cells are reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Chen
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
- Correspondence e-mail:
| | - J. Deng
- Applied Physics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Y. Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | | | - R. Mak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | | | - Q. Jin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - D. Shu
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - B. Lai
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - J. Maser
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - C. Roehrig
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - T. Paunesku
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - S. C. Gleber
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - D. J. Vine
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - L. Finney
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - J. VonOsinski
- Northwestern Synchrotron Research Center, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - M. Bolbat
- Northwestern Synchrotron Research Center, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - I. Spink
- Xradia Inc., Pleasanton, CA 94588, USA
| | - Z. Chen
- Xradia Inc., Pleasanton, CA 94588, USA
| | - J. Steele
- Xradia Inc., Pleasanton, CA 94588, USA
| | - D. Trapp
- Xradia Inc., Pleasanton, CA 94588, USA
| | - J. Irwin
- Xradia Inc., Pleasanton, CA 94588, USA
| | - M. Feser
- Xradia Inc., Pleasanton, CA 94588, USA
| | - E. Snyder
- Xradia Inc., Pleasanton, CA 94588, USA
| | - K. Brister
- Northwestern Synchrotron Research Center, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - C. Jacobsen
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
- Applied Physics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - G. Woloschak
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - S. Vogt
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nazaretski E, Kim J, Yan H, Lauer K, Eom D, Shu D, Maser J, Pešić Z, Wagner U, Rau C, Chu YS. Performance and characterization of the prototype nm-scale spatial resolution scanning multilayer Laue lenses microscope. Rev Sci Instrum 2013; 84:033701. [PMID: 23556821 DOI: 10.1063/1.4774387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Synchrotron based x-ray microscopy established itself as a prominent tool for noninvasive investigations in many areas of science and technology. Many facilities around the world routinely achieve sub-micrometer resolution with a few instruments capable of imaging with the spatial resolution better than 100 nm. With an ongoing effort to push the 2D/3D resolution down to 10 nm in the hard x-ray regime both fabrication of the nano-focusing optics and stability of a microscope become extremely challenging. In this work we present our approach to overcome technical challenges on the path towards high spatial resolution hard x-ray microscopy and demonstrate the performance of a scanning fluorescence microscope equipped with the multilayer Laue lenses focusing optics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Nazaretski
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shu D, Maser J, Holt M, Winarski R, Preissner C, Smolyanitskiy A, Lai B, Vogt S, Stephenson GB. Optomechanical Design of a Hard X-ray Nanoprobe Instrument with Nanometer-Scale Active Vibration Control. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2436307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
10
|
|
11
|
Kang HC, Maser J, Stephenson GB, Liu C, Conley R, Macrander AT, Vogt S. Nanometer linear focusing of hard x rays by a multilayer Laue lens. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 96:127401. [PMID: 16605955 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.127401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2005] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We report on a type of linear zone plate for nanometer-scale focusing of hard x rays, a multilayer Laue lens (MLL), produced by sectioning a multilayer and illuminating it in Laue diffraction geometry. Because of its large optical depth, a MLL spans the diffraction regimes applicable to a thin Fresnel zone plate and a crystal. Coupled wave theory calculations indicate that focusing to 5 nm or smaller with high efficiency should be possible. Partial MLL structures with outermost zone widths as small as 10 nm have been fabricated and tested with 19.5 keV synchrotron radiation. Focal sizes as small as 30 nm with efficiencies up to 44% are measured.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H C Kang
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bazzichi L, Maser J, Piccinni A, Rucci P, Del Debbio A, Vivarelli L, Catena M, Bouanani S, Merlini G, Bombardieri S, Dell'Osso L. Quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis: impact of disability and lifetime depressive spectrum symptomatology. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2005; 23:783-8. [PMID: 16396695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of disability and lifetime subthreshold depressive symptoms on Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Ninety-two subjects with a diagnosis of RA according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria were recruited at the Department of Rheumatology of the University Hospital, Pisa, Italy. Participants who met DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria for current or previous Axis I disorders were excluded. Assessments of functional status and disability was conducted using both the ACR classification and the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). Health-related Quality of Life was assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 health survey questionnaire (MOS-SF36) and lifetime depressive spectrum symptomatology using the Mood Spectrum Questionnaire, Self-Report version (MOODS-SR). RESULTS Comparison with MOS-SF36 Italian normative values indicated that RA patients were significantly impaired on mental and physical HRQoL areas. Correlations between MOODS-SR depressive scores and ACR severity (Spearman rho = 0.15, p = 0.07) and HAQ score (Spearman rho = 0.20, p = 0.05) were modest in absolute value and borderline significant. Lifetime mood depressive spectrum was related with impaired HRQoL levels, both in physical (except for bodily pain) and mental (except for social functioning) domains. Associations of mood depressive spectrum and general health, vitality, role emotional and mental health continued to be significant after controlling for functional status, duration of illness, age and gender. CONCLUSIONS Because lifetime mood depressive symptoms significantly contribute to impairment in HRQoL in RA patients without a past psychiatric history, even after controlling for functional status, duration of illness and demographic characteristics, these symptoms should be assessed for an accurate clinical evaluation and appropriate clinical management of RA patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Bazzichi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lai B, Maser J, Vogt S, Paunesku T, Woloschak GE. Workshop on biological applications of X-ray microscopy and imaging. Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA, 28-29 April 2003. Int J Radiat Biol 2004; 80:459-61. [PMID: 15362699 DOI: 10.1080/09553000410001703246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B Lai
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
|
15
|
Dillon CT, Kennedy BJ, Lay PA, Lai B, Cai Z, Stampfl AP, Ilinski P, Legnini D, Maser J, Rodrigues W, Shea-McCarthy G, Cholewa M. Implementation of X-ray microscopy and micro-XANES analysis for investigations of the cellular uptake and cellular metabolism of transition metals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1051/jp4:200300083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
|
16
|
|
17
|
|
18
|
Twining BS, Baines SB, Fisher NS, Jacobsen C, Maser J. Quantification and localization of trace metals in natural plankton cells using a synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microprobe. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1051/jp4:20030117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
|
19
|
Affiliation(s)
- B Lai
- Advanced Photon Source and Biosciences Divisions, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Winn B, Ade H, Buckley C, Feser M, Howells M, Hulbert S, Jacobsen C, Kaznacheyev K, Kirz J, Osanna A, Maser J, McNulty I, Miao J, Oversluizen T, Spector S, Sullivan B, Wang Y, Wirick S, Zhang H. Illumination for coherent soft X-ray applications: the new X1A beamline at the NSLS. J Synchrotron Radiat 2000; 7:395-404. [PMID: 16609227 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049500012942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2000] [Accepted: 09/19/2000] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The X1A soft X-ray undulator beamline at the NSLS has been rebuilt to serve two microscopy stations operating simultaneously. Separate spherical-grating monochromators provide the resolving power required for XANES spectroscopy at the C, N and O absorption edges. The exit slits are fixed and define the coherent source for the experiments. The optical design and the operational performance are described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Winn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, SUNY at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Using a cryo scanning transmission X-ray microscope (Maser, et al. (2000) Soft X-ray microscopy with a cryo scanning transmission X-ray microscope: I. Instrumentation, imaging and spectroscopy. J. Microsc. 197, 68-79), we have obtained tomographic data-sets of frozen hydrated mouse 3T3 fibroblasts. The ice thickess was several micrometres throughout the reconstruction volume, precluding cryo electron tomography. Projections were acquired within the depth of focus of the focusing optics, and the three-dimensional reconstruction was obtained using an algebraic reconstruction technique. In this first demonstration, 100 nm lateral and 250 nm longitudinal resolution was obtained in images of unlabelled cells, with potential for substantial further gains in resolution. Future efforts towards tomography of spectroscopically highlighted subcellular components in whole cells are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Maser J, Osanna A, Wang Y, Jacobsen C, Kirz J, Spector S, Winn B, Tennant D. Soft X-ray microscopy with a cryo scanning transmission X-ray microscope: I. Instrumentation, imaging and spectroscopy. J Microsc 2000; 197:68-79. [PMID: 10620150 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2818.2000.00630.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a cryo scanning transmission X-ray microscope which uses soft X-rays from the National Synchrotron Light Source. The system is capable of imaging frozen hydrated specimens with a thickness of up to 10 microm at temperatures of around 100 K. We show images and spectra from frozen hydrated eukaryotic cells, and a demonstration that biological specimens do not suffer mass loss or morphological changes at radiation doses up to about 1010 Gray. This makes possible studies where multiple images of the same specimen area are needed, such as tomography (Wang et al. (2000) Soft X-ray microscopy with a cryo scanning transmission X-ray microscope: II. Tomography. J. Microsc. 197, 80-93) or spectroscopic analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Maser
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cassano GB, Dell'Osso L, Frank E, Miniati M, Fagiolini A, Shear K, Pini S, Maser J. The bipolar spectrum: a clinical reality in search of diagnostic criteria and an assessment methodology. J Affect Disord 1999; 54:319-28. [PMID: 10467978 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-0327(98)00158-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Failure to recognize subthreshold expressions of mania contributes to the frequent under-diagnosis of bipolar disorder. There are several reasons for the lower rate of recognition of subthreshold manic symptoms, when compared to the analogous pure depressive ones. These include the lack of subjective suffering, enhanced productivity, ego-syntonicity, and diurnal and seasonal rhythmicity associated with many of the manic and hypomanic symptoms, and the psychiatrists' tendency to subsume persistent or even alternating symptoms among personality disorders. Furthermore, the central diagnostic importance placed on alterations in mood distracts clinicians from paying attention to other more subtle but clinically meaningful symptoms, such as changes in energy, neurovegetative symptoms and distorted cognitions. Although officially accepted in both ICD-10 and DSM-IV, we believe bipolar II disorder is underdiagnosed because of inattention to symptoms of hypomania. Moreover, by requiring the presence of both full-blown hypomanic and major depressive episodes, current nosology fails to include symptoms or signs which are mild and do not meet threshold criteria. There is already agreement in the field that such symptoms are important for depression. We now propose that attention should also be devoted to mild symptomatic manifestations of a manic diathesis, even if such manifestations may sometimes enhance quality of life. The term 'spectrum' is used to refer to the broad range of such manifestations of a disorder from core symptoms to temperamental traits. Spectrum manifestations may be present during, between, or even in the absence of, an episode of full-blown disorder. We have developed a structured clinical interview to assess the mood spectrum (SCI-MOODS) to evaluate the whole range of depressive and manic symptoms. This instrument is currently undergoing psychometric testing procedures. Similar to the SCID interview, the SCI-MOODS interview provides a separate rating for each of the major DSM-IV symptoms, but the latter also identifies and rates subthreshold and atypical manifestations. This paper presents the concept of a subthreshold bipolar disorder and discusses the potential epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic relevance of such a spectrum conditions. We also describe the SCI-MOODS interview used reliably to identify the occurrence of a bipolar spectrum condition. Obviously a great deal of systematic research needs to be conducted to ascertain the reliability and validity of subthreshold bipolarity as summarized in this paper and embodied in our instrument.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G B Cassano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kemner KM, Yun W, Cai Z, Lai B, Lee HR, Maser J, Legnini DG, Rodrigues W, Jastrow JD, Miller RM, Pratt ST, Schneegurt MA, Kulpa CF. Using zone plates for X-ray microimaging and microspectroscopy in environmental science. J Synchrotron Radiat 1999; 6:639-641. [PMID: 15263407 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049598016586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/1998] [Accepted: 12/03/1998] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
|
25
|
Winokur G, Turvey C, Akiskal H, Coryell W, Solomon D, Leon A, Mueller T, Endicott J, Maser J, Keller M. Alcoholism and drug abuse in three groups--bipolar I, unipolars and their acquaintances. J Affect Disord 1998; 50:81-9. [PMID: 9858067 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-0327(98)00108-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous work has shown that manic-depressive illness and alcohol abuse are linked. This study further explores the relationship of alcohol and drug abuse in bipolar I patients and unipolar depressives and a comparison group obtained through the acquaintance method. METHOD Diagnosis was accomplished according to Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC): controls = 469; bipolars = 277; unipolar depressives = 678. Systematic data were gathered using the SADS on lifetime and current drug abuse and alcoholism. Both patients and comparison subjects were then followed prospectively for 10 years. First degree family members were interviewed using the RDC family history method. RESULTS The group of bipolar patients and the group of unipolar patients had higher rates of drug and alcohol abuse than the comparison group when primary and secondary affective disorder patients were combined. However, primary unipolar patients did not have higher rates of alcohol or drug abuse than the comparison group. In contrast, primary bipolar patients had higher rates of alcoholism, stimulant abuse, and ever having abused a drug than the primary unipolar group and the control group. In an evaluation of the bipolar patients, drug abusers were significantly younger at intake and had a significantly younger age of onset of bipolar disorder. There was a significant increase in family history of mania or schizoaffective mania in the drug-abusing bipolar patients as compared to the non-abusing bipolar patients. LIMITATION As in all adult samples of patients with affective illness, the chronology of alcohol and substance problems vis-à-vis the onset of illness was determined retrospectively. CONCLUSIONS (1) Alcoholism and drug abuse are more frequent in bipolar than unipolar patients. (2) The drug abuse of bipolar patients tends toward the abuse of stimulant drugs. (3) In a bipolar patient, familial diathesis for mania is significantly associated with the abuse of alcohol and drugs. (4) More provocatively, these findings suggest the hypothesis of a common familial-genetic diathesis for a subtype of bipolar I, alcohol and stimulant abuse. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS The present analyses, coupled with two previous ones from the CDS, suggest that drug abuse may precipitate an earlier onset of bipolar I disorder in those who already have a familial predisposition for mania. Furthermore, in dually diagnosed patients with manic-depressive and alcohol/stimulant abuse history, mood stabilization of the bipolar disorder represents a rational approach to control concurrent alcohol and drug problems, and should be studied in systematic controlled trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Winokur
- The National Institute of Mental Health Collaborative Program on the Psychobiology of Depression--Clinical Studies, Iowa, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Osanna A, Jacobsen C, Kalinovsky A, Kirz J, Maser J, Wang S. X-ray microscopy: preparations for studies of frozen hydrated specimens. Scanning Microsc Suppl 1998; 10:349-56; discussion 356-8. [PMID: 9601552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
X-ray microscopes provide higher resolution than visible light microscopes. Wet, biological materials with a water thickness of up to about 10 microns can be imaged with good contrast using soft X-rays with wavelengths between the oxygen and carbon absorption edges (at 24 and 43 A). The Stony Brook group has developed and operates a scanning transmission X-ray microscope (STXM) at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The microscope is used for imaging with a current resolution of 50 nm, and for elemental and chemical state mapping. Radiation damage imposes a significant limitation upon high resolution X-ray microscopy of room temperature wet specimens. Experience from electron microscopy suggests that cryo techniques allow vitrified specimens to be imaged repeatedly. This is due to the increased radiation stability of biological specimens in the frozen hydrated state. Better radiation stability has been shown recently with a cryo transmission X-ray microscope developed by the University of Göttingen, operating at the BESSY storage ring in Berlin, Germany. At Stony Brook, we are developing a cryo scanning transmission X-ray microscope (CryoSTXM) to carry out imaging and spectro-microscopy experiments on frozen hydrated specimens. This article will give an outlook onto the research projects that we plan to perform using the CryoSTXM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Osanna
- Department of Physics, S.U.N.Y. at Stony Brook 11794-3800, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Young MA, Fogg LF, Scheftner W, Fawcett J, Akiskal H, Maser J. Stable trait components of hopelessness: baseline and sensitivity to depression. J Abnorm Psychol 1996. [PMID: 8722997 DOI: 10.1037//0021-843x.105.2.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Hopelessness (H) plays an important theoretical and practical role in depression. The authors hypothesized that a patient's H is comprised of (a) a baseline level of H when not depressed and (b) an increment in H related to the severity of depression at the time and the person's rate of increase in H as a function of severity of depression (sensitivity). Baseline and sensitivity are explanatory stable traits; H and depression are observed, time-varying states. The corresponding statistical model described well the longitudinal data of 316 participants. Baseline and sensitivity were uncorrelated and correlated with different clinical and demographic variables. Baseline predicted a future suicide attempt; sensitivity and H when depressed did not. It may be useful to ask "How hopeless is this person when not depressed and how much more hopeless is he or she when depressed?", rather than simply "How hopeless is this depressed person?"
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A Young
- Department of Psychiatry, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Young MA, Fogg LF, Scheftner W, Fawcett J, Akiskal H, Maser J. Stable trait components of hopelessness: baseline and sensitivity to depression. J Abnorm Psychol 1996; 105:155-65. [PMID: 8722997 DOI: 10.1037/0021-843x.105.2.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Hopelessness (H) plays an important theoretical and practical role in depression. The authors hypothesized that a patient's H is comprised of (a) a baseline level of H when not depressed and (b) an increment in H related to the severity of depression at the time and the person's rate of increase in H as a function of severity of depression (sensitivity). Baseline and sensitivity are explanatory stable traits; H and depression are observed, time-varying states. The corresponding statistical model described well the longitudinal data of 316 participants. Baseline and sensitivity were uncorrelated and correlated with different clinical and demographic variables. Baseline predicted a future suicide attempt; sensitivity and H when depressed did not. It may be useful to ask "How hopeless is this person when not depressed and how much more hopeless is he or she when depressed?", rather than simply "How hopeless is this depressed person?"
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A Young
- Department of Psychiatry, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The authors sought to determine the scope, severity, and persistence of psychosocial impairment arising from bipolar and unipolar affective disorder. METHOD Patients with bipolar (N = 148) or unipolar (N = 240) major affective disorder were assessed as they sought treatment and again after a 5-year follow-up. Concurrently, parents, siblings, and adult children underwent similar assessments and were followed for 6 years. To quantify the impact of affective disorder, probands were individually matched to relatives who had no lifetime history of affective disorder. Sixty-nine relatives who were depressed at intake constituted a separate, nonclinical study group and were also matched to relatives who were well. RESULTS Both unipolar and bipolar patients began follow-up with deficits in annual income. Relative to comparison subjects, affective disorder groups were significantly more likely to report declines in job status and income at the end of follow-up and significantly less likely to report improvements. Similarly, both bipolar and unipolar patients showed significant deficits in nearly all other areas of psychosocial functioning measured at follow-up. Except for relationships with spouses, deficits did not differ significantly by polarity. Surprisingly, probands with recovery sustained throughout the final 2 years of follow-up also showed severe and widespread impairment. Relatives with major depression exhibited substantial deficits on follow-up, but job status and income were not significantly affected. CONCLUSIONS The psychosocial impairment associated with mania and major depression extends to essentially all areas of functioning and persists for years, even among individuals who experience sustained resolution of clinical symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Coryell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Cianci SN, Black P, Maser J, Speros P. Delayed response capability after prefrontal ablation: a comparison of tasks and task circumstance. Int J Neurosci 1976; 6:273-8. [PMID: 821877 DOI: 10.3109/00207457609150362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
31
|
Abstract
Several experiments have found complete retention of conditioned suppression when overall suppression to the signal for shock was measured. The present experiment examined retention of conditioned suppression but did so with a paradigm that produced temporal discrimination of shock occurrence. Nine rats were exposed to a flashing light signal of 5-min duration that always terminated with a shock. After several months, a temporal discrimination was well established, as shown by maximum suppression toward the end of the signal period. After remaining in the home cage for 25 days, the rats were again subjected to the conditioning procedure. The overall level of suppression remained the same but the temporal discrimination was not observed.
Collapse
|
32
|
|