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Berry T, Nobs C, Dubas A, Worrall R, Eade T, Naish J, Packer L. Integration of fluid dynamics into activation calculations for fusion. Fusion Engineering and Design 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Parmar KL, Slawinski C, Malcomson L, OReilly D, Valle JW, Braun M, Naish JH, Williams SR, Renehan AG. O5: THE CLIFF AND CONOR STUDIES NOVEL ASSESSMENT TOOLS IN COLORECTAL LIVER METASTASES (CLIFF STUDY - CHANGE IN LIVER FUNCTION AND FAT IN PRE-OPERATIVE CHEMOTHERAPY FOR COLORECTAL LIVER METASTASES, CONOR STUDY. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab117.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Hepatic resection is the only potentially curative treatment for patients with colorectal liver metastases (CLM). Patient selection is key, but there is wide variation in practice. Pre-operative chemotherapy can improve oncological outcomes, however chemotherapy-associated liver injury (CALI) may hinder liver regenerative capacity. Standard pre-operative assessments fail to accurately capture factors such as CALI and future liver remnant (FLR) function. The CLiFF and CoNoR studies utilise two novel assessment techniques, aiming to improve patient outcomes.
Method
The CLiFF study prospectively assesses two primary outcomes in 35 patients undergoing pre-operative chemotherapy for CLM: 1) change in liver function (via LiMAx test: direct assessment of hepatic functional capacity), and 2) change in liver fat (via advanced MR imaging (in-house spectroscopy and modified Dixon technique, scaled up via Perspectum LiverMultiScan)). The CoNoR study assesses potential added benefit of these novel tools in CLM resectability decision-making via sequential workstreams: a systematic review and international hepatobiliary expert interviews inform the online survey, assessing added benefit via online MDT scenarios.
Result
Preliminary CLiFF analysis suggests that CALI changes in liver fat and function are unrelated. Liver fat analysis techniques are compared and correlated with digital histological analysis. The CoNoR systematic review identifies key factors influencing CLM resectability decision-making and informs the international expert interviews, scheduled to occur during a February 2020 international hepatobiliary conference.
Conclusion
These studies are the first to assess where these novel tools might be utilised to maximal patient benefit within the Hepatobiliary MDT, and the first systematic review in CLM resectability decision-making.
Take-home message
These two linked studies evaluate the use of two novel assessment tools in the treatment of colorectal liver metastases, with the potential to improve patient selection for curative resection and patient outcomes.
PATEY PRIZE SESSION
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Affiliation(s)
- KL Parmar
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester
| | - C Slawinski
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester
| | - L Malcomson
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester
| | - D OReilly
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Manchester University Foundation Hospitals, Manchester
| | - JW Valle
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester
| | - M Braun
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester
| | - JH Naish
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Science, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester
| | - SR Williams
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester
| | - AG Renehan
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester
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Angelone M, Pillon M, Loreti S, Colangeli A, Mazzitelli G, Del Prete P, Villari R, Naish J, Nobs C, Packer L. Measurement of delayed neutron emission from water activated by 14 MeV neutrons in a FW mock-up of ITER. Fusion Engineering and Design 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2020.111998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Andreoli F, Angelone M, Colangeli A, Besi Vetrella U, Fiore S, Flammini D, Del Prete P, Loreti S, Mariano G, Mazzitelli G, Moro F, Pagano G, Pietropaolo A, Pillon M, Terranova N, Villari R, Naish J, Nobs C, Packer L. Comparison between measurement and calculations for a 14 MeV neutron water activation experiment. EPJ Web Conf 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202023921002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear heat loads due to gamma rays emitted from the decay of 16N and delayed neutrons from17N, generated by the activation of water in cooling circuits, are critical for ITER design. The assessment of nuclear heating from activated water is complex; it requires temporal and spatial dependent transport and activation calculations taking into account variation of irradiation, water flow conditions and cooling circuits’ parameters. A water activation experiment has been recently conducted at the14 MeV Frascati Neutron Generator (FNG) in order to validate the methodology for water activation assessment used for ITER and to reduce the safety factors applied to the calculation results, which have a large impact on the schedule, commissioning and licensing. Water circulating inside an ITER First Wall (FW) mock-up was irradiated with 14 MeV neutrons and then measured using a large CsI scintillator detector. The system consists of a closed water loop where the cooling water, transiting through an ITER FW mock-up, is irradiated by FNG. The induced 16N activity via 14 MeV neutrons interactions with 16O via the 16O(n,p)16N reaction is measured in a dedicated counting station via an expansion volume. The water then passes to a much larger holding delay tank, and after several 16N half-lives decay time, it is then recirculated and exposed again to neutrons in the ITER First Wall (FW) mock-up. The measured 16N activity is obtained measuring the emitted characteristic 6.13 and 7.12 MeV gamma-rays. Calculations were performed in an accurate model of the FW mock-up using the MCNP Monte Carlo code and FENDL-3.1 nuclear data library to obtain the predicted flux impinging on the water. The EASY-2007 inventory code was used to predict the 16N activity. In this work, a comparison between measurements and calculations is reported together with associated uncertainty analysis.
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Kos B, Mosher S, Kodeli I, Grove R, Naish J, Obryk B, Villari R, Batistoni P. Application of ADVANTG to the JET3 – NEXP streaming benchmark experiment. Fusion Engineering and Design 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2019.111252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Colling BR, Eade T, Gilbert MR, Naish J, Zheng S. Comparative Study of Neutronics Analysis Techniques for Radioactive Waste Assessment. Fusion Science and Technology 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2018.1496690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bethany R. Colling
- Culham Science Centre, Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - T. Eade
- Culham Science Centre, Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - M. R. Gilbert
- Culham Science Centre, Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - J. Naish
- Culham Science Centre, Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - S. Zheng
- Culham Science Centre, Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
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Villari R, Batistoni P, Bradnam S, Colling B, Fischer U, Flammini D, Fonnesu N, Ghani Z, Klix A, Loreti S, Naish J, Packer L, Pillon M, Popovichev S, Stamatelatos I, Vasilopoulou T. Shutdown dose rate neutronics experiment during high performances DD operations at JET. Fusion Engineering and Design 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2018.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Batistoni P, Villari R, Obryk B, Packer LW, Stamatelatos IE, Popovichev S, Colangeli A, Colling B, Fonnesu N, Loreti S, Klix A, Klosowski M, Malik K, Naish J, Pillon M, Vasilopoulou T, De Felice P, Pimpinella M, Quintieri L. OVERVIEW OF NEUTRON MEASUREMENTS IN JET FUSION DEVICE. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2018; 180:102-108. [PMID: 29040768 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncx174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The design and operation of ITER experimental fusion reactor requires the development of neutron measurement techniques and numerical tools to derive the fusion power and the radiation field in the device and in the surrounding areas. Nuclear analyses provide essential input to the conceptual design, optimisation, engineering and safety case in ITER and power plant studies. The required radiation transport calculations are extremely challenging because of the large physical extent of the reactor plant, the complexity of the geometry, and the combination of deep penetration and streaming paths. This article reports the experimental activities which are carried-out at JET to validate the neutronics measurements methods and numerical tools used in ITER and power plant design. A new deuterium-tritium campaign is proposed in 2019 at JET: the unique 14 MeV neutron yields produced will be exploited as much as possible to validate measurement techniques, codes, procedures and data currently used in ITER design thus reducing the related uncertainties and the associated risks in the machine operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Batistoni
- ENEA, Department of Fusion and Technology for Nuclear Safety and Security, I-00044 Frascati (Rome) & I- 00123 Santa Maria di Galeria, Rome, Italy
| | - R Villari
- ENEA, Department of Fusion and Technology for Nuclear Safety and Security, I-00044 Frascati (Rome) & I- 00123 Santa Maria di Galeria, Rome, Italy
| | - B Obryk
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Radzikowskiego 152, Krakow, Poland
| | - L W Packer
- CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxon, UK
| | - I E Stamatelatos
- Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Sciences, Energy, Technology and Safety, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Athens, Greece
| | | | - A Colangeli
- ENEA, Department of Fusion and Technology for Nuclear Safety and Security, I-00044 Frascati (Rome) & I- 00123 Santa Maria di Galeria, Rome, Italy
| | - B Colling
- CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxon, UK
| | - N Fonnesu
- ENEA, Department of Fusion and Technology for Nuclear Safety and Security, I-00044 Frascati (Rome) & I- 00123 Santa Maria di Galeria, Rome, Italy
| | - S Loreti
- ENEA, Department of Fusion and Technology for Nuclear Safety and Security, I-00044 Frascati (Rome) & I- 00123 Santa Maria di Galeria, Rome, Italy
| | - A Klix
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M Klosowski
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Radzikowskiego 152, Krakow, Poland
| | - K Malik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Radzikowskiego 152, Krakow, Poland
| | - J Naish
- CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxon, UK
| | - M Pillon
- ENEA, Department of Fusion and Technology for Nuclear Safety and Security, I-00044 Frascati (Rome) & I- 00123 Santa Maria di Galeria, Rome, Italy
| | - T Vasilopoulou
- Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Sciences, Energy, Technology and Safety, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Athens, Greece
| | - P De Felice
- ENEA, Department of Fusion and Technology for Nuclear Safety and Security, I-00044 Frascati (Rome) & I- 00123 Santa Maria di Galeria, Rome, Italy
| | - M Pimpinella
- ENEA, Department of Fusion and Technology for Nuclear Safety and Security, I-00044 Frascati (Rome) & I- 00123 Santa Maria di Galeria, Rome, Italy
| | - L Quintieri
- ENEA, Department of Fusion and Technology for Nuclear Safety and Security, I-00044 Frascati (Rome) & I- 00123 Santa Maria di Galeria, Rome, Italy
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Kwiatkowski R, Bołtruczyk G, Brosławski A, Gosk M, Korolczuk S, Mianowski S, Szydłowski A, Urban A, Zychor I, Braic V, Costa Pereira R, Craciunescu T, Croft D, Curuia M, Fernandes A, Goloborod’ko V, Gorini G, Kiptily V, Lengar I, Naish J, Naish R, Nocente M, Schoepf K, Santos B, Soare S, Tardocchi M, Yavorskij V, Zoita V. CeBr3–based detector for gamma-ray spectrometer upgrade at JET. Fusion Engineering and Design 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2017.02.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lagan J, Naish J, Clark D, Foden P, Caldwell J, Trafford A, Critchley W, Fildes J, Reid A, Lewis G, Sarma J, Schmitt M, Miller C. P3358In vivo evidence of chronic myocardial inflammation in ischaemic cardiomyopathy using USPIO enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx504.p3358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Cove-Smith L, Schmitt M, Dive C, Backen A, Mescallado N, Roberts R, Mellor H, Morris D, Naish J, Jackson A, Kirk J, Hargreaves A, Galvin M, Smith S, Brocklehurst S, Price S, Betts C, Hockings P, Woodhouse N, Radford J, Linton K. 019 Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity: could a translational cardiac MRI model help identify patients at risk? Heart 2017. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2017-311399.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Naish J, Moser K, Sturdy P, Carter YH. Using administrative data for primary care research: the City and East London General Practice Database Project. Health Informatics J 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/146045829900500105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The City and East London General Practice Database Project was launched in 1992 to provide a framework for describing and understanding the nature of general practice in east London using routinely available administrative data from all practices in the area. It has provided an opportunity to use information on practices for research, health planning and policy, and for educational purposes. The project differs from others because it allows description in detail, clarity and depth in three distinct ways. Firstly, by covering all practices, and not just a select group, it is possible to investigate intra-health authority variability. Secondly, it has taken into account social and demographic characteristics of the practice populations, so making it possible to examine practice outputs in relation to population deprivation. Thirdly, in time, analyses using a combination of patient outcomes, morbidity information and longitudinal data become possible, making it an even more powerful information base for commissioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Naish
- The City and East London General Practice Database Project, The Department of General Practice and Primary Care, St Bartholomew’s and the Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary and Westfield College, London, E1 4NS, UK,
| | - K. Moser
- The City and East London General Practice Database Project, The Department of General Practice and Primary Care, St Bartholomew’s and the Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary and Westfield College, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - P. Sturdy
- The City and East London General Practice Database Project, The Department of General Practice and Primary Care, St Bartholomew’s and the Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary and Westfield College, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Y. H. Carter
- The City and East London General Practice Database Project, The Department of General Practice and Primary Care, St Bartholomew’s and the Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary and Westfield College, London, E1 4NS, UK
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Huen I, Morris DM, Wright C, Sibley CP, Naish JH, Johnstone ED. Absence ofPo2change in fetal brain despitePo2increase in placenta in response to maternal oxygen challenge. BJOG 2014; 121:1588-94. [PMID: 24816043 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.12804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I Huen
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; The University of Manchester Biomedical Imaging Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Crabb MG, Davidson JL, Little R, Wright P, Morgan AR, Miller CA, Naish JH, Parker GJM, Kikinis R, McCann H, Lionheart WRB. Mutual information as a measure of image quality for 3D dynamic lung imaging with EIT. Physiol Meas 2014; 35:863-79. [PMID: 24710978 PMCID: PMC4059506 DOI: 10.1088/0967-3334/35/5/863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We report on a pilot study of dynamic lung electrical impedance tomography (EIT) at the University of Manchester. Low-noise EIT data at 100 frames per second were obtained from healthy male subjects during controlled breathing, followed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) subsequently used for spatial validation of the EIT reconstruction. The torso surface in the MR image and electrode positions obtained using MRI fiducial markers informed the construction of a 3D finite element model extruded along the caudal-distal axis of the subject. Small changes in the boundary that occur during respiration were accounted for by incorporating the sensitivity with respect to boundary shape into a robust temporal difference reconstruction algorithm. EIT and MRI images were co-registered using the open source medical imaging software, 3D Slicer. A quantitative comparison of quality of different EIT reconstructions was achieved through calculation of the mutual information with a lung-segmented MR image. EIT reconstructions using a linear shape correction algorithm reduced boundary image artefacts, yielding better contrast of the lungs, and had 10% greater mutual information compared with a standard linear EIT reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Crabb
- School of Mathematics, University of Manchester, UK
| | - J L Davidson
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Manchester, UK
| | - R Little
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, Biomedical Imaging Institute, University of Manchester, UK
| | - P Wright
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Manchester, UK
| | - A R Morgan
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, Biomedical Imaging Institute, University of Manchester, UK
| | - C A Miller
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, Biomedical Imaging Institute, University of Manchester, UK
| | - J H Naish
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, Biomedical Imaging Institute, University of Manchester, UK
| | - G J M Parker
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, Biomedical Imaging Institute, University of Manchester, UK
| | - R Kikinis
- Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - H McCann
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Manchester, UK
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Skeoch S, Dobbs M, Hubbard P, Naish J, Woodhouse N, Ho M, Waterton J, Parker G, Bruce I. OP0169 Assessment of Lupus Nephritis Disease Activity Using Non-Contrast MRI: A Pilot Study. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Miller CA, Naish J, Bishop P, Coutts G, Clark D, Zhou S, Ray SG, Yonan N, Williams SG, Flett AS, Moon JC, Parker GJM, Schmitt M. 083 HISTOLOGICAL VALIDATION OF DYNAMIC-EQUILIBRIUM CARDIOVASCULAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF MYOCARDIAL EXTRACELLULAR VOLUME. Heart 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2013-304019.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Miller CA, Naish J, Coutts G, Clark D, Zhou S, Ray SG, Parker GJM, Schmitt M. 084 EFFECT OF CONTRAST DOSE, POST-CONTRAST ACQUISITION TIME, MYOCARDIAL REGIONALITY, CARDIAC CYCLE AND GENDER ON DYNAMIC-EQUILIBRIUM CONTRAST CMR MEASUREMENT OF MYOCARDIAL EXTRACELLULAR VOLUME. Heart 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2013-304019.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Naish JH, McGrath DM, Bains LJ, Passera K, Roberts C, Watson Y, Cheung S, Taylor MB, Logue JP, Buckley DL, Tessier J, Young H, Waterton JC, Parker GJM. Comparison of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and dynamic contrast-enhanced CT biomarkers in bladder cancer. Magn Reson Med 2011; 66:219-26. [PMID: 21437971 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.22774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Revised: 10/25/2010] [Accepted: 11/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) is frequently used to provide response biomarkers in clinical trials of novel cancer therapeutics but assessment of their physiological accuracy is difficult. DCE-CT provides an independent probe of similar pharmacokinetic processes and may be modeled in the same way as DCE-MRI to provide purportedly equivalent physiological parameters. In this study, DCE-MRI and DCE-CT were directly compared in subjects with primary bladder cancer to assess the degree to which the model parameters report modeled physiology rather than artefacts of the measurement technique and to determine the interchangeability of the techniques in a clinical trial setting. The biomarker K(trans) obtained by fitting an extended version of the Kety model voxelwise to both DCE-MRI and DCE-CT data was in excellent agreement (mean across subjects was 0.085 ± 0.030 min(-1) for DCE-MRI and 0.087 ± 0.033 min(-1) for DCE-CT, intermodality coefficient of variation 9%). The parameter v(p) derived from DCE-CT was significantly greater than that derived from DCE-MRI (0.018 ± 0.006 compared to 0.009 ± 0.008, P = 0.0007) and v(e) was in reasonable agreement only for low values. The study provides evidence that the biomarker K(trans) is a robust parameter indicative of the underlying physiology and relatively independent of the method of measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Naish
- Imaging Science and Biomedical Engineering, School of Cancer and Enabling Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
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Naish JH, Xanthopoulos E, Hutchinson CE, Waterton JC, Taylor CJ. MR measurement of articular cartilage thickness distribution in the hip. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2006; 14:967-73. [PMID: 16713719 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2006.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2005] [Accepted: 03/28/2006] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a method to determine the distribution of articular cartilage in the hip and to evaluate the potential of the method in a study of normal weight-bearing effects in asymptomatic young volunteers. DESIGN Six volunteers were scanned after periods of standing and lying supine, using 3D gradient-echo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The protocol was repeated for two successive weeks to determine reproducibility. The femoral and acetabular cartilage layers were segmented as a single unit and thickness distribution maps were calculated using a spherical bone model as a frame of reference. Thickness maps were combined over the population using the bone model and post-weight-bearing and post-resting maps were compared. RESULTS Mean thickness values were compared using an analysis of variance and a significant increase in cartilage thickness of 0.05 mm (P=0.02) was observed. The reproducibility of the method, assessed using test-retest coefficient of variation was 2.5%. CONCLUSIONS The technique is reproducible, sensitive to sub-millimetre changes in thickness and may be useful in monitoring changes due to disease progression in patients with arthritis of the hip.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Naish
- Imaging Science and Biomedical Engineering, University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
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Naish J. Did the London Initiative Zone investment programme affect general practice structure and performance in East London? A time series analysis of cervical screening coverage and asthma prescribing. Public Health 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0033-3506(02)00561-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Naish J, Eldridge S, Moser K, Sturdy P. Did the London Initiative Zone investment programme affect general practice structure and performance in East London? A time series analysis of cervical screening coverage and asthma prescribing. Public Health 2002; 116:361-7. [PMID: 12407476 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ph.1900870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2002] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A programme of incentives was set up in the London Initiative Zones to improve primary care in inner London based on the findings of the Tomlinson Enquiry in 1992. This descriptive study is a 4-y time series analysis of changes in general practice structure in East London as the result of London Initiative Zone investment, and an exploration of the possible effect of investment on practice performance. We used routinely available administrative data for the whole analysis. General practice characteristics and two selected performance indicators: the asthma prophylaxis to bronchodilator ratio and cervical cytology screening rate, for all practices in the East London and the City Health Authority for 4 y, 1993-1996, were used. Both reflect practice efficiency, but relate to different aspects of practice performance. The prescribing indicator is more indicative of the quality of clinical practise, whereas cervical screening coverage relates more to the characteristics of the practice population and to practice organisation. Repeated measures analyses were used to identify trends and to explore the relationship between changes in practice characteristics and performance. Graphical methods were used to compare East London trends with the rest of England. There were significant improvements in practice structure as the consequence of London Initiative Zone investment. There was a positive association with improvements in practice performance, but East London still lagged some way behind national patterns. The findings suggest that while improvements in asthma prescribing follow the national trend, practices have difficulty in achieving and sustaining the 80% target for cervical cytology screening, and that an overall population coverage of 80% may be in doubt.Increased investment in practice staffing may be influential in improving some aspects of performance. However, in common with other inner cities, a greater effort and more innovative strategies may be needed to achieve a standard of performance equal to the best.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Naish
- The City and East London General Practice Database Project, Department of General Practice & Primary Care, University of London, UK.
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Naish J. It's what your feet are for. Nurs Stand 2000; 14:16-7. [PMID: 11974213 DOI: 10.7748/ns.14.43.16.s34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Hull S, Harvey C, Sturdy P, Carter Y, Naish J, Pereira F, Ball C, Parsons L. Do practice-based preventive child health services affect the use of hospitals? A cross-sectional study of hospital use by children in east London. Br J Gen Pract 2000; 50:31-6. [PMID: 10695064 PMCID: PMC1313607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute paediatric admissions have risen steadily over the past 20 years. During the same period, practice-based child health clinics have increased, although provision is less common in areas of deprivation where hospital use is greatest. AIM To investigate the contribution of practice-based, preventive child health services to rates of hospital utilisation in children under five years of age. METHOD A cross-sectional retrospective study examining practice variations in paediatric acute admissions, outpatient referrals, and accident and emergency (A&E) department attendances in the East London and the City Health authority, including all 164 practices in the inner-city boroughs of Hackney, Newham, Tower Hamlets, and the City of London. The main outcome measures were practice-based paediatric hospital attendance rates, for discrete age and sex bands, for the year to 31 March 1996. RESULTS Hospital use varied with age and sex, with the rates being highest for the youngest children and for boys. The median A&E attendance rate (including reattendances) for boys up to one year of age was 897 per thousand children per practice. In east London, 62% of practices are registered for child health surveillance and 71% provide a child health clinic. Practice approval for child health surveillance, and the provision of child health clinics, did not account for differences between practices in hospital use, but proportionally greater health visiting hours were significantly related to lower rates of emergency hospital admission by young children. Multivariate analyses revealed that up to 23% of the variation between practice admission rates could be explained by health visiting hours. CONCLUSIONS We found significant associations between the amount of health visiting time available to the practice population and rates of acute admission and outpatient referral among children up to five years of age. These findings suggest that increasing health visitor provision could contribute to lower paediatric emergency admission and outpatient referral rates. A small change would have a significant effect, particularly among the youngest children, given that during the study year 10,000 children under two years of age in east London were either admitted or referred to hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hull
- Department of General Practice and Primary Care, St Bartholomew's and the Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry.
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Naish J. Friend or foe? Nurs Times 1998; 94:26-9. [PMID: 9615654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Abstract
To identify the medications general practitioners consider for the treatment of persistent isolated cough, we undertook a postal questionnaire survey of a sample of general practitioners in east London. Fewer than 10% indicated that they never prescribed for such cough. About 70% sometimes considered antibiotics and/or bronchodilators in all age groups. Inhaled steroids and cromoglycate were considered by about 30% of prescribers for infants compared with over 60% for older age groups. As yet there is no evidence that medication is beneficial for persistent isolated cough. The role of asthma drugs for children with this symptom needs to be evaluated so that we can better identify those who are likely to benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Picciotto
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital for Children, Royal Hospitals Trust, London, U.K
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Naish J. Infant hearing tests. Nurs Times 1998; 94:47. [PMID: 9528574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Naish J. Flying your colours. Nurs Times 1998; 94:76-7. [PMID: 9536773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Naish J. Marching orders. Nurs Times 1998; 94:18. [PMID: 9510780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Naish J. Natural born leader? Nurs Times 1997; 93:58-61. [PMID: 9455321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Naish J. Ahead of the times: The changing face of political correctness. West J Med 1997. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.315.7120.0k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Naish J. Nurses who kill--dangerous assumptions. Nurs Times 1997; 93:37-8. [PMID: 9418484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Williams T, Jackson A, Turbitt D, Scrivener G, Lloyd D, Sturdy P, Pereira F, Hull S, Carter Y, Naish J, Harvey C, Hippisley-Cox J, Hardy C, Pringle M, Carlisle R, Fielding K, Chilvers C. Effect of deprivation on general practitioners' referral rates. West J Med 1997. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.315.7112.882a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Sturdy P, Pereira F, Hull S, Carter Y, Naish J, Harvey C. Effect of deprivation on general practitioners referral rates. Analyses should take age and sex into account. BMJ 1997; 315:883; author reply 884. [PMID: 9353523 PMCID: PMC2127589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Naish J. To catch a thief, abuser, killer. Nurs Times 1997; 93:12-3. [PMID: 9362893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Naish J. Step up the pressure. Nurs Times 1997; 93:29-30. [PMID: 9277204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Naish J. Speared by a single spine. Nurs Times 1997; 93:16-7. [PMID: 9258028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Naish J. Nursing and public health: the future. Nurs Stand 1997; 11:33. [PMID: 9180555 DOI: 10.7748/ns.11.34.33.s45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Naish J. Mother knows best? Nurs Times 1997; 93:24-6. [PMID: 9197747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Naish J. Danger zones. Nurs Times 1997; 93:24-6. [PMID: 9155384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Naish J. Under siege. Nurs Times 1997; 93:36-8. [PMID: 9146294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Cloke C, Naish J. Save the children. Nurs Times 1997; 93:34-7. [PMID: 9128603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Cloke
- National Commission of Inquiry into the Prevention of Child Abuse
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Naish J. So where's the evidence? Nurs Times 1997; 93:64-6. [PMID: 9121933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Roberts SJ, Baumer JH, Currie CJ, Evans M, Morgan CL, Griffiths C, Sturdy P, Naish J, Feder G, Omar R, Dolan S, Pereira F, Shelley M, Croft P, Pantin C, Chapman S. Ratio of inhaled corticosteroid to bronchodilator as indicator of quality of asthma prescribing. BMJ 1997. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.314.7081.680a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Griffiths C, Sturdy P, Naish J, Feder G, Omar R, Dolan S, Pereira F. Ratio of inhaled corticosteroid to bronchodilator as indicator of quality of asthma prescribing. Outcome measures need to reflect morbidity and quality of care. BMJ 1997; 314:681-2. [PMID: 9066502 PMCID: PMC2126103 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.314.7081.685a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Griffiths C, Sturdy P, Naish J, Omar R, Dolan S, Feder G. Hospital admissions for asthma in east London: associations with characteristics of local general practices, prescribing, and population. BMJ 1997; 314:482-6. [PMID: 9056800 PMCID: PMC2126008 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.314.7079.482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the relative importance of appropriate prescribing for asthma in explaining high rates of hospital admission for asthma among east London general practices. DESIGN Poisson regression analysis describing relation of each general practice's admission rates for asthma with prescribing for asthma and characteristics of general practitioners, practices, and practice populations. SETTING East London, a deprived inner city area with high admission rates for asthma. SUBJECTS All 163 general practices in East London and the City Health Authority (complete data available for 124 practices). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Admission rates for asthma, excluding readmissions, for ages 5-64 years; ratio of asthma prophylaxis to bronchodilator prescribing; selected characteristics of general practitioners, practices, and practice populations. RESULTS Median admission rate for asthma was 0.9 (range 0-3.6) per 1000 patients per year. Higher admission rates were most strongly associated with small size of practice partnership: admission rates of singlehanded and two partner practices were higher than those of practices with three or more principals by 1.7 times (95% confidence interval 1.4 to 2.0, P < 0.001) and 1.3 times (1.1 to 1.6, P = 0.001) respectively. Practices with higher rates of night visits also had significantly higher admission rates: an increase in night visiting rate by 10 visits per 1000 patients over two years was associated with an increase in admission rates for asthma by 4% (1% to 7%). These associations were independent of asthma prescribing ratios, measures of practice resources, and characteristics of practice populations. CONCLUSIONS Higher asthma admission rates in east London practices were most strongly associated with smaller partnership size and higher rates of night visiting. Evaluating ways of helping smaller partnerships develop structured proactive care for asthma patients at high risk of admission is a priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Griffiths
- Department of General Practice and Primary Care, St Bartholomew's, London
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Naish J. Unlucky in love. Nurs Times 1997; 93:34-5. [PMID: 9095948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Naish J. Future shock. Nurs Times 1997; 93:34-6. [PMID: 9095927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Sturdy P, Griffiths C, Naish J, Carter Y. Chronic disease management system for asthma. Br J Gen Pract 1997; 47:53. [PMID: 9115799 PMCID: PMC1312880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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