1
|
Fadus MC, Lau C, Bikhchandani J, Lynch HT. Curcumin: An age-old anti-inflammatory and anti-neoplastic agent. J Tradit Complement Med 2017; 7:339-346. [PMID: 28725630 PMCID: PMC5506636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is a natural anti-inflammatory agent that has been used for treating medical conditions for many years. Several experimental and pharmacologic trials have demonstrated its efficacy in the role as an anti-inflammatory agent. Curcumin has been shown to be effective in treating chronic conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, Alzheimer's and common malignancies like colon, stomach, lung, breast, and skin cancers. As treatments in medicine become more and more complex, the answer may be something simpler. This is a review article written with the objective to systematically analyze the wealth of information regarding the medical use of curcumin, the "curry spice", and to understand the existent gaps which have prevented its widespread application in the medical community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C. Fadus
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Cecilia Lau
- Duke University, Department of Psychiatry, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Jai Bikhchandani
- Creighton University, Department of Preventive Medicine, Omaha, NE 68178, United States
| | - Henry T. Lynch
- Creighton University, Department of Preventive Medicine, Omaha, NE 68178, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bikhchandani J, Lynch HT. Commentary on 'Colonoscopy screening compliance and outcomes in patients with Lynch syndrome'. Colorectal Dis 2015; 17:46-9. [PMID: 25536883 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jai Bikhchandani
- Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, Nebraska, 68102, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
Repair of huge ventral hernias is technically challenging for the surgeon and a major operation for the patient and should be performed by experienced surgeons in centers that are used to caring for patients who are commonly massively obese with significant comorbidities. Preoperative medical optimization of patients is an important part in the overall management of these large hernias. Conventional component separation with retromuscular mesh repair is the workhorse operation, which successfully deals with many giant ventral hernias, but multiple alternative strategies must be available to address situations in which myofascial elements are completely deficient or there is significant loss of domain The complexity of this surgery is reflected by recurrence rates ranging from 10% to 30% and wound complication rates as high as 40% to 50% in experienced centers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jai Bikhchandani
- Department of General Surgery, Creighton University Medical Center, 601 N 30th Street, Omaha, NE 68131, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bikhchandani J, Wood J, Richards AT, Smith RB. No benefit in staging fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography in clinically node-negative head and neck cutaneous melanoma. Head Neck 2013; 36:1313-6. [PMID: 23956077 DOI: 10.1002/hed.23456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) has a high sensitivity for detecting metastasis from melanoma, but its application in early-stage melanomas is questionable. The purpose of this study was to determine if positron emission tomography (PET) is beneficial in staging of clinically node negative (cN0) head and neck melanoma. METHODS After institutional review board approval, patients with head and neck melanoma treated at 2 cancer centers (between 2000 and 2010) were identified using International Classification of Disease (ICD)-9 codes. A retrospective medical chart review of cN0 patients was performed for the treatment course and outcomes. RESULTS A total of 165 patients were treated; of these, 106 were node negative. FDG-PET was included in initial staging of 47 cN0 patients. None had true distant metastasis detected on PET. The imaging also failed to detect nodal metastasis in 2 patients who had disease on lymphatic sampling. CONCLUSION FDG-PET did not alter the initial staging or treatment in patients with cN0 head and neck melanoma. Therefore, its routine use for staging is not warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jai Bikhchandani
- Department of Surgery, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bikhchandani J, Suraweera DB, Upchurch BR. Multiple pancreatic pseudocysts treated with endoscopic transpapillary drainage. Clin Pract 2013; 3:e10. [PMID: 24765490 PMCID: PMC3981223 DOI: 10.4081/cp.2013.e10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Management of a solitary pancreatic pseudocyst with endoscopic transpapillary stent drainage is a well recognized treatment modality. Endoscopic options are however limited in the presence of multiple pancreatic pseudocysts. Conventionally surgery has been the mainstay of treatment in this situation. In this case report, we present a patient with multiple pancreatic pseudocysts who was successfully treated via transpapillary placement of pancreatic duct stent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jai Bikhchandani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Creighton University Medical Center , Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Duminda B Suraweera
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Creighton University Medical Center , Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Bennie R Upchurch
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Creighton University Medical Center , Omaha, NE, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Accurate characterization of carotid artery geometry is vital to our understanding of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Three-dimensional computer reconstructions based on medical imaging are now ubiquitous; however, mean carotid artery geometry has not yet been comprehensively characterized. The goal of this work was to build and study such geometry based on data from 16 male patients with severe carotid artery disease. Results of computerized tomography angiography were used to analyze the cross-sectional images implementing a semiautomated segmentation algorithm. Extracted data were used to reconstruct the mean three-dimensional geometry and to determine average values and variability of bifurcation and planarity angles, diameters and cross-sectional areas. Contrary to simplified carotid geometry typically depicted and used, our mean artery was tortuous exhibiting nonplanarity and complex curvature and torsion variations. The bifurcation angle was 36 deg ± 11 deg if measured using arterial centerlines and 15 deg ± 14 deg if measured between the walls of the carotid bifurcation branches. The average planarity angle was 11 deg ± 10 deg. Both bifurcation and planarity angles were substantially smaller than values reported in most studies. Cross sections were elliptical, with an average ratio of semimajor to semiminor axes of 1.2. The cross-sectional area increased twofold in the bulb compared to the proximal common, but then decreased 1.5-fold for the combined area of distal internal and external carotid artery. Inter-patient variability was substantial, especially in the bulb region; however, some common geometrical features were observed in most patients. Obtained quantitative data on the mean carotid artery geometry and its variability among patients with severe carotid artery disease can be used by biomedical engineers and biomechanics vascular modelers in their studies of carotid pathophysiology, and by endovascular device and materials manufacturers interested in the mean geometrical features of the artery to target the broad patient population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V Kamenskiy
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kamenskiy AV, Bikhchandani J, Pipinos II, Gupta PK, Dzenis YA, MacTaggart JN. Geometric and hemodynamic effects of carotid artery stenting. J Am Coll Surg 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2012.06.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
8
|
Knott EM, Gasior AC, Bikhchandani J, Cunningham JP, St. Peter SD. Surgical Management of Gallstone Pancreatitis in Children. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2012; 22:501-4. [DOI: 10.1089/lap.2011.0514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
|
9
|
Abstract
Traumatic lung hernia is a rare entity. The majority of cases reported in the literature have been treated surgically with early thoracotomy to prevent strangulation of pulmonary tissue. We report the case of a 63-year-old patient who experienced a 20-foot fall, causing multiple rib fractures with a lung hernia that was managed conservatively for 48 hours followed by spontaneous resolution of the herniated pulmonary segment. There is a need to review the indications for surgical versus conservative approach in the management of posttraumatic lung hernia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jai Bikhchandani
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68154, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pettiford JN, Bikhchandani J, Ostlie DJ, St Peter SD, Sharp RJ, Juang D. A review: the role of high dose methylprednisolone in spinal cord trauma in children. Pediatr Surg Int 2012; 28:287-94. [PMID: 21994079 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-011-3012-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of steroids in traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) in children is controversial. There is a paucity of literature on its usage. To help clarify recommendations on steroid use in children, we reviewed the current literature on the administration of high dose methylprednisolone (MP) use in traumatic spinal cord injuries with an emphasis in pediatric spinal cord trauma. METHODS A retrospective review of the current literature on traumatic spinal cord injuries was conducted. Outcomes were critically reviewed from the National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Studies (NASCIS) II and III and Cochrane review; as well as, other randomized and retrospective studies. Papers describing objective neurological outcomes were only included. RESULTS The outcomes of neurological improvement following steroid infusion have not been reproducible outside of the NASCIS and one single Japanese trial. High dose steroids significantly increase the risk of infections leading to prolonged hospital stay and ventilator dependence. CONCLUSION Data from adult studies remains controversial with insufficient data to support administration of MP for treatment of traumatic spinal cord injuries. Randomized controlled trials are needed in the pediatric population to assess the advantages of steroid use after SCI in children. On the basis of the current evidence, the use of steroids in patients is associated with increased infectious risks and no neurological improvements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janine N Pettiford
- Department of Surgery, Children's Mercy Hospital, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bikhchandani J, Kamenskiy A, Talukdar A, Mukkai D, Otuwa N, Dzenis Y, Pipinos I, Mactaggart J. Changes in Carotid Artery Geometry Following Revascularization: Endarterectomy Versus Stenting. J Surg Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2011.11.977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
12
|
Bikhchandani J, Metcalfe M, Illouz S, Puls F, Dennison A. Extracorporeal liver perfusion system for artificial liver support across a membrane. J Surg Res 2011; 171:e139-47. [PMID: 21920550 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2011.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2011] [Revised: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 07/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An extracorporeal porcine liver perfusion (ECPLP) system circumvents the limitations of hepatocyte based bio-artificial liver, but its clinical application has been limited so far due to the potential risk of transmission of porcine endogenous retroviruses. The aim of this study was to develop an ECPLP model that can provide artificial hepatic support across a semi-permeable membrane, which has the potential to block porcine viruses due to its pore size. MATERIALS AND METHODS Livers from white landrace pigs were perfused with normothermic oxygenated blood using Medtronic BP560 centrifugal pump (Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis. MN). This ECPLP system was used to support a "surrogate" patient across the filter Evaclio-EC4A. Function of liver was measured by indocyanine green retention at 15 min (ICGR15). Clearance of galactose, ammonia, and para-aminobenzoic acid infused into the "surrogate" patient circulation was calculated to assess liver support across the membrane. The study was designed as test (n = 15) versus control (n = 5), with control experiments having no liver in the circuit. RESULTS For the test experiments, we perfused 15 livers with mean hepatic artery pressure of 87 mm Hg and flows of 1.2 L/min. ICGR15 in test experiments was 11%. Ammonia clearance was 945 mg/min/kg, galactose metabolic rate was 111.7 mg/min/Kg, and the hippurate ratio was 91% in the test. In contrast, the control experiments did not show any significant change in the concentration of any of these compounds. CONCLUSION Our ECPLP model was able to provide hepatic support in an experimental setting across a hollow fiber filter. Further work on an anhepatic animal is needed prior to application in human trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jai Bikhchandani
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bikhchandani J, Valusek PA, Juang D, E O'Brien J, Hetherington M, St Peter SD. Giant ossifying malignant thymoma in a child. J Pediatr Surg 2010; 45:e31-4. [PMID: 20850614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2010.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2010] [Revised: 06/05/2010] [Accepted: 06/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We present the first reported case of an ossifying pediatric thymoma. Our patient was diagnosed with a massive thymoma replacing the whole of the left thoracic cavity. Percutaneous biopsy was attempted 3 times followed by an open incisional biopsy and adjuvant chemotherapy. Complete resection required a median sternotomy and a "trap door" thoracotomy after the tumor failed to respond to chemotherapy. Histology confirmed World Health Organization type B1 lymphocyte-rich thymoma, Masaoka stage I, with extensive osseous metaplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jai Bikhchandani
- Department of Surgery, The Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bikhchandani J, Varma SK, Henderson HP. Is it justified to refuse breast reduction to smokers? J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2007; 60:1050-4. [PMID: 17512812 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2007.01.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2006] [Accepted: 01/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS There are several studies in the literature suggesting that smoking increases the complication rate in various plastic surgery operations. We did a study on 402 patients to see the effect of smoking on breast reduction. The objective was to raise the controversial issue of whether breast reduction could be refused to smokers who fail to stop smoking in the peri-operative period. MATERIALS AND METHODS The records of patients who had undergone breast reductions between April 1999 and May 2004 at the Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester were reviewed retrospectively for age, body mass index, smoking habits and wound-related complications. RESULTS A total of 764 breast reductions were performed in 402 patients during this period. Twenty-eight per cent (112) of these patients were smokers. The mean age was 33.9 (range 19-68)+9.5 years in smokers and 34.4 (range 16-73)+10.6 years in non-smokers. About 90% of patients had bilateral breast reductions. Wound-related complications were seen in 35% of smokers as against 13% of non-smokers, P value<0.001. Overall, smokers had a 2.3 x higher chance of developing a complication. The probability of a smoker developing wound infection was 3.3 x more in comparison to a non-smoker. Smokers were also three times more likely to develop T-junction necrosis. CONCLUSION Smoking increases the complication rate of breast reduction significantly. Hence, patients must be strongly encouraged to quit smoking before surgery and abstain until the wound has completely healed. Stoppage of smoking in the peri-operative period should be adopted as an essential eligibility criterion for breast reduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Bikhchandani
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
A wide range of intra-vesical foreign bodies have been described in the literature. Causes include iatrogenic, migration from adjacent organs, penetrating injuries and self-insertion, either due to eroticism, inquisitiveness or as a result of a psychiatric illness. We present an unusual case of fictitious bladder stones that proved unbreakable using all standard endourological techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Lau
- Department of Urology, Lithotripsy and Stone Services, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ghani KR, Lau S, Bikhchandani J. Mini-reviews. BJU Int 2005; 95:1367. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2005.05593_1.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
17
|
Bikhchandani J, Malik VK, Kumar V, Sharma S. Hepatic tuberculosis mimicking carcinoma gall bladder. Indian J Gastroenterol 2005; 24:25. [PMID: 15778524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We report a 50-year-old man with tuberculosis of the liver with calculous cholecystitis. The diagnosis was made when the patient underwent cholecystectomy. He responded to antitubercular therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jai Bikhchandani
- Department of Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College and associated Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bikhchandani J, Agarwal PN, Kant R, Malik VK. Randomized controlled trial to compare the early and mid-term results of stapled versus open hemorrhoidectomy. Am J Surg 2005; 189:56-60. [PMID: 15701493 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2004.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2003] [Revised: 03/20/2004] [Accepted: 03/20/2004] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The new technique of circular stapler for the treatment of hemorrhoids has shown early promise in terms of minimal or no postoperative pain, early discharge from hospital, and quick return to work. This study was designed to compare stapled technique with the well-accepted conventional Milligan Morgan hemorrhoidectomy. METHODS After fulfilling the selection criteria, 84 patients were randomly allocated to the stapled (n = 42) or open group (n = 42). All patients were operated on under spinal anesthesia. The 2 techniques were evaluated with respect to the operative time, pain scores, complications, day of discharge, return to work, and level of satisfaction. RESULTS The mean age of patients was 46.02 years (SD, 12.33) in the stapled group and 48.64 years (14.57) in the open group. Grade III or IV hemorrhoids were more common in men (ie, 80.9% and 85.7% in the stapled and open group, respectively). The mean operative time was shorter in the stapled group 24.28 minutes (4.25) versus 45.21 minutes (5.36) in the Milligan-Morgan group (P < .001). The blood loss, pain scores and requirement of analgesics was significantly less in the stapled group. Mean hospital stay was 1.24 days (0.62) and 2.76 days (1.01) (P < .001) in the stapled and open group, respectively. The patients in the stapled group returned to work or routine activities earlier (ie, within 8.12 days [2.48]) as compared with 17.62 (5.59) in the open group. Only 88.1% of patients were satisfied by the open method compared with 97.6% after the stapled technique. The median follow-up period was 11 months with a maximum follow-up of 19 months (range 2-19 months). CONCLUSIONS Stapled hemorrhoidectomy is a safe and effective day-care procedure for the treatment of grade III and grade IV hemorrhoids. It ensures lesser postoperative pain, early discharge, less time off work, complications similar to the open technique, and in the end a more satisfied patient with no perianal wound. However, more such randomized trials are essential to deny any long-term complication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jai Bikhchandani
- Department of Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Lok Nayak Hospital, AG-I/9C, Vikaspuri, New Delhi 110018, India.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|