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James WR, Furman BT, Rodemann JR, Costa SV, Fratto ZW, Nelson JA, Rehage JS, Santos RO. Widespread habitat loss leads to ecosystem-scale decrease in trophic function. Glob Chang Biol 2024; 30:e17263. [PMID: 38556772 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Natural and anthropogenic disturbances have led to rapid declines in the amount and quality of available habitat in many ecosystems. Many studies have focused on how habitat loss has affected the composition and configuration of habitats, but there have been fewer studies that investigate how this loss affects ecosystem function. We investigated how a large-scale seagrass die-off altered the distribution of energetic resources of three seagrass-associated consumers with varied resource use patterns. Using long-term benthic habitat monitoring data and resource use data from Bayesian stable isotope mixing models, we generated energetic resource landscapes (E-scapes) annually between 2007 and 2019. E-scapes link the resources being used by a consumer to the habitats that produce those resources to calculate a habitat resource index as a measurement of energetic quality of the landscape. Overall, our results revealed that following the die-off there was a reduction in trophic function across all species in areas affected by the die-off event, but the response was species-specific and dependent on resource use and recovery patterns. This study highlights how habitat loss can lead to changes in ecosystem function. Incorporating changes in ecosystem function into models of habitat loss could improve understanding of how species will respond to future change.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Ryan James
- Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, North Miami, Florida, USA
- Department of Earth and Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Bradley T Furman
- Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Florida Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, St. Petersburg, Florida, USA
| | - Jonathan R Rodemann
- Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
- Department of Earth and Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Sophia V Costa
- Department of Earth and Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Zachary W Fratto
- South Florida Natural Resources Center, National Park Service, Homestead, Florida, USA
| | - James A Nelson
- Department of Marine Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Jennifer S Rehage
- Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
- Department of Earth and Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Rolando O Santos
- Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, North Miami, Florida, USA
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Shekhar S, Kansara T, Morozowich ST, Mohananey D, Agrawal A, Narasimhan S, Nelson JA, Ramakrishna H. Renal Outcomes Following Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair - Analysis of COAPT Trial Data. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2023; 37:2119-2124. [PMID: 37210324 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2023.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of valvular heart disease in the United States has been estimated at 4.2-to-5.6 million, with mitral regurgitation (MR) being the most common lesion. Significant MR is associated with heart failure (HF) and death if left untreated. When HF is present, renal dysfunction (RD) is common and is associated with worse outcomes (ie, it is a marker of HF disease progression). Additionally, a complex interplay exists in patients with HF who also have MR, as this combination further impairs renal function, and the presence of RD further worsens prognosis and often limits guideline-directed management and therapy (GDMT). This has important implications in secondary MR because GDMT is the standard of care. However, with the development of minimally invasive transcatheter mitral valve repair, mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) has become a new treatment option for secondary MR that is now incorporated into current guidelines published in 2020 that listed mitral TEER as a class 2a recommendation (moderate recommendation with benefit >> risk) as an addition to GDMT in a subset of patients with left ventricular ejection fraction <50%. The Cardiovascular Outcomes Assessment of the MitraClip Percutaneous Therapy for Heart Failure Patients with Functional Mitral Regurgitation (COAPT) trial, which demonstrated favorable outcomes in secondary MR by adding mitral TEER to GDMT versus GDMT alone, was the evidence base for these guidelines. Considering these guidelines and the understanding that concomitant RD often limits GDMT in secondary MR, there is emerging research studying the renal outcomes from the COAPT trial. This review analyzes this evidence, which could further influence current decision-making and future guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Shekhar
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Tikal Kansara
- Department of Hospital Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Union Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Steven T Morozowich
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Divyanshu Mohananey
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Ankit Agrawal
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - James A Nelson
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Harish Ramakrishna
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
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Stallings CD, Nelson JA, Peebles EB, Ellis G, Goddard EA, Jue NK, Mickle A, Tzadik OE, Koenig CC. Trophic ontogeny of a generalist predator is conserved across space. Oecologia 2023; 201:721-732. [PMID: 36843229 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-023-05337-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Consumers can influence ecological patterns and processes through their trophic roles and contributions to the flow of energy through ecosystems. However, the diet and associated trophic roles of consumers commonly change during ontogeny. Despite the prevalence of ontogenetic variation in trophic roles of most animals, we lack an understanding of whether they change consistently across local populations and broad geographic gradients. We examined how the diet and trophic position of a generalist marine predator varied with ontogeny across seven broadly separated locations (~ 750 km). We observed a high degree of heterogeneity in prey consumed without evidence of spatial structuring in this variability. However, compound-specific isotope analysis of amino acids revealed remarkably consistent patterns of increasing trophic position through ontogeny across local populations, suggesting that the roles of this generalist predator scaled with its body size across space. Given the high degree of diet heterogeneity we observed, this finding suggests that even though the dietary patterns differed, the underlying food web architecture transcended variation in prey species across locations for this generalist consumer. Our research addresses a gap in empirical field work regarding the interplay between stage-structured populations and food webs, and suggests ontogenetic changes in trophic position can be consistent in generalist consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James A Nelson
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, USA
| | - Ernst B Peebles
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Gregory Ellis
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
- Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Ethan A Goddard
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Nathaniel K Jue
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, California State University, Monterey Bay, Seaside, CA, USA
| | - Alejandra Mickle
- Department of Biology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
- Office of Habitat Conservation-Restoration Center, NOAA Fisheries, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Orian E Tzadik
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
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Smith MM, Schroeder DR, Nelson JA, Mauermann WJ, Welsby IJ, Pochettino A, Montonye BL, Assawakawintip C, Nuttall GA. Prothrombin Complex Concentrate vs Plasma for Post-Cardiopulmonary Bypass Coagulopathy and Bleeding: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Surg 2022; 157:757-764. [PMID: 35767271 PMCID: PMC9244769 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2022.2235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Importance Post-cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) coagulopathy and bleeding are among the most common reasons for blood product transfusion in surgical practices. Current retrospective data suggest lower transfusion rates and blood loss in patients receiving prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) compared with plasma after cardiac surgery. Objective To analyze perioperative bleeding and transfusion outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery who develop microvascular bleeding and receive treatment with either PCC or plasma. Design, Setting, and Participants A single-institution, prospective, randomized clinical trial performed at a high-volume cardiac surgical center. Patients were aged 18 years or older and undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB. Patients undergoing complex cardiac surgical procedures (eg, aortic replacement surgery, multiple procedures, or repeated sternotomy) were preferentially targeted for enrollment. During the study period, 756 patients were approached for enrollment, and 553 patients were randomized. Of the 553 randomized patients, 100 patients met criteria for study intervention. Interventions Patients with excessive microvascular bleeding, a prothombin time (PT) greater than 16.6 seconds, and an international normalized ratio (INR) greater than 1.6 were randomized to receive treatment with either PCC or plasma. The PCC dose was 15 IU/kg or closest standardized dose; the plasma dose was a suggested volume of 10 to 15 mL/kg rounded to the nearest unit. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was postoperative bleeding (chest tube output) from the initial postsurgical intensive care unit admission through midnight on postoperative day 1. Secondary outcomes were PT/INR, rates of intraoperative red blood cell (RBC) transfusion after treatment, avoidance of allogeneic transfusion from the intraoperative period to the end of postoperative day 1, postoperative bleeding, and adverse events. Results One hundred patients (mean [SD] age, 66.8 [13.7] years; 61 [61.0%] male; and 1 [1.0%] Black, 1 [1.0%] Hispanic, and 98 [98.0%] White) received the study intervention (49 plasma and 51 PCC). There was no significant difference in chest tube output between the plasma and PCC groups (median [IQR], 1022 [799-1575] mL vs 937 [708-1443] mL). After treatment, patients in the PCC arm had a greater improvement in PT (effect estimate, -1.37 seconds [95% CI, -1.91 to -0.84]; P < .001) and INR (effect estimate, -0.12 [95% CI, -0.16 to -0.07]; P < .001). Fewer patients in the PCC group required intraoperative RBC transfusion after treatment (7 of 51 patients [13.7%] vs 15 of 49 patients [30.6%]; P = .04); total intraoperative transfusion rates were not significantly different between groups. Seven (13.7%) of 51 patients receiving PCCs avoided allogeneic transfusion from the intraoperative period to the end of postoperative day 1 vs none of those receiving plasma. There were no significant differences in postoperative bleeding, transfusions, or adverse events. Conclusions and Relevance The results of this study suggest a similar overall safety and efficacy profile for PCCs compared with plasma in this clinical context, with fewer posttreatment intraoperative RBC transfusions, improved PT/INR correction, and higher likelihood of allogeneic transfusion avoidance in patients receiving PCCs. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02557672.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark M. Smith
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Darrell R. Schroeder
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - James A. Nelson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - William J. Mauermann
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Ian J. Welsby
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Alberto Pochettino
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Beth L. Montonye
- Anesthesia Clinical Research Unit, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Gregory. A. Nuttall
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
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5
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Osland MJ, Hughes AR, Armitage AR, Scyphers SB, Cebrian J, Swinea SH, Shepard CC, Allen MS, Feher LC, Nelson JA, O'Brien CL, Sanspree CR, Smee DL, Snyder CM, Stetter AP, Stevens PW, Swanson KM, Williams LH, Brush JM, Marchionno J, Bardou R. The impacts of mangrove range expansion on wetland ecosystem services in the southeastern United States: Current understanding, knowledge gaps, and emerging research needs. Glob Chang Biol 2022; 28:3163-3187. [PMID: 35100489 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is transforming ecosystems and affecting ecosystem goods and services. Along the Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic coasts of the southeastern United States, the frequency and intensity of extreme freeze events greatly influence whether coastal wetlands are dominated by freeze-sensitive woody plants (mangrove forests) or freeze-tolerant grass-like plants (salt marshes). In response to warming winters, mangroves have been expanding and displacing salt marshes at varying degrees of severity in parts of north Florida, Louisiana, and Texas. As winter warming accelerates, mangrove range expansion is expected to increasingly modify wetland ecosystem structure and function. Because there are differences in the ecological and societal benefits that salt marshes and mangroves provide, coastal environmental managers are challenged to anticipate the effects of mangrove expansion on critical wetland ecosystem services, including those related to carbon sequestration, wildlife habitat, storm protection, erosion reduction, water purification, fisheries support, and recreation. Mangrove range expansion may also affect wetland stability in the face of extreme climatic events and rising sea levels. Here, we review the current understanding of the effects of mangrove range expansion and displacement of salt marshes on wetland ecosystem services in the southeastern United States. We also identify critical knowledge gaps and emerging research needs regarding the ecological and societal implications of salt marsh displacement by expanding mangrove forests. One consistent theme throughout our review is that there are ecological trade-offs for consideration by coastal managers. Mangrove expansion and marsh displacement can produce beneficial changes in some ecosystem services, while simultaneously producing detrimental changes in other services. Thus, there can be local-scale differences in perceptions of the impacts of mangrove expansion into salt marshes. For very specific local reasons, some individuals may see mangrove expansion as a positive change to be embraced, while others may see mangrove expansion as a negative change to be constrained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Osland
- Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Lafayette, Louisiana, USA
| | - A Randall Hughes
- Northeastern University Marine Science Center, Nahant, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anna R Armitage
- Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Steven B Scyphers
- Northeastern University Marine Science Center, Nahant, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Just Cebrian
- Northern Gulf Institute, Mississippi State University, Stennis Space Center, Mississippi, USA
| | - Savannah H Swinea
- Northeastern University Marine Science Center, Nahant, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | - Laura C Feher
- Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Lafayette, Louisiana, USA
| | - James A Nelson
- University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana, USA
| | | | | | | | - Caitlin M Snyder
- Apalachicola National Estuarine Research Reserve, Eastpoint, Florida, USA
| | | | - Philip W Stevens
- Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, St. Petersburg, Florida, USA
| | - Kathleen M Swanson
- Mission-Aransas National Estuarine Research Reserve, Port Aransas, Texas, USA
| | | | - Janell M Brush
- Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Joseph Marchionno
- Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Rémi Bardou
- Northeastern University Marine Science Center, Nahant, Massachusetts, USA
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Nelson JA, Diaz Soto JC, Warner MA, Stulak JM, Schulte PJ, Weister TJ, Mauermann WJ, Smith MM. Use of plasma late on cardiopulmonary bypass in patients undergoing left ventricular assist device implantation. Artif Organs 2022; 46:491-500. [PMID: 34403155 PMCID: PMC8850532 DOI: 10.1111/aor.14052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Coagulopathy is common during left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation, treatment of which can be challenging given the often-limited ability for the right ventricle to accommodate volume transfusion after device initiation with 20% to 40% of patients developing right ventricular failure (RVF). Transfusion of plasma late on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) combined with ultrafiltration may replace clotting factors while reducing volume administration. We compared outcomes in patients undergoing LVAD implantation receiving plasma on CPB and ultrafiltration with traditional transfusion practices. Co-primary outcomes needed for blood product transfusion in the first 6 and 24 hours after CPB. Secondary outcomes included metrics of morbidity and mortality. 396 patients were analyzed (59 plasma on CPB). Patients receiving plasma on CPB had a greater volume of blood products transfused (3764 vs. 2741 mL first 6 hours; 6059 vs. 4305 mL first 24 hours) in unadjusted analysis. In adjusted analysis, plasma transfusion on CPB with ultrafiltration had no significant effect on the primary outcomes of blood products given in the first 6 hours (estimated effect size 982 [-428, 2392] mL, P = .17) and 24 hours (estimated effect size 1076 [-904, 3057] mL, P = .29). Patients receiving plasma on CPB were more likely on either vasopressors or inotropes at 24 hours after ICU admission (P = .01), however, indices of coagulopathy and RVF were similar between groups. While prospective studies would be necessary to definitively evaluate the clinical utility of this strategy, no signal for benefit was observed suggesting plasma should not be used for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A. Nelson
- Division of Cardiovascular Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Juan C. Diaz Soto
- Division of Cardiovascular Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Matthew A. Warner
- Division of Cardiovascular Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - John M. Stulak
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Timothy J. Weister
- Anesthesia Information and Management Analytics – Anesthesia Clinical Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - William J. Mauermann
- Division of Cardiovascular Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Mark M. Smith
- Division of Cardiovascular Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Santos RO, James WR, Nelson JA, Rehage JS, Serafy J, Pittman SJ, Lirman D. Influence of seascape spatial pattern on the trophic niche of an omnivorous fish. Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rolando O. Santos
- Institute of Environment Florida International University Miami Florida USA
- Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University Miami Florida USA
| | - W. Ryan James
- Institute of Environment Florida International University Miami Florida USA
- Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University Miami Florida USA
- Department of Earth and Environment Florida International University Miami Florida USA
| | - James A. Nelson
- Department of Biology University of Louisiana Lafayette Louisiana USA
| | - Jennifer S. Rehage
- Institute of Environment Florida International University Miami Florida USA
- Department of Earth and Environment Florida International University Miami Florida USA
| | - Joseph Serafy
- NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service Southeast Fisheries Science Center Miami Florida USA
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science University of Miami Miami Florida USA
| | - Simon J. Pittman
- Oxford Seascape Ecology Lab, School of Geography and the Environment University of Oxford Oxford UK
| | - Diego Lirman
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science University of Miami Miami Florida USA
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James WR, Santos RO, Rehage JS, Doerr JC, Nelson JA. E-scape: Consumer-specific landscapes of energetic resources derived from stable isotope analysis and remote sensing. J Anim Ecol 2021; 91:381-390. [PMID: 34783357 PMCID: PMC9299161 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Energetic resources and habitat distribution are inherently linked. Energetic resource availability is a major driver of the distribution of consumers, but estimating how much specific habitats contribute to the energetic resource needs of a consumer can be problematic. We present a new approach that combines remote sensing information and stable isotope ecology to produce maps of energetic resources (E-scapes). E-scapes project species-specific resource use information onto the landscape to classify areas based on energetic importance. Using our E-scapes, we investigated the relationship between energetic resource distribution and white shrimp distribution and how the scale used to generate the E-scape mediated this relationship. E-scapes successfully predicted the size, abundance, biomass, and total energy of a consumer in salt marsh habitats in coastal Louisiana, USA at scales relevant to the movement of the consumer. Our E-scape maps can be used alone or in combination with existing models to improve habitat management and restoration practices and have potential to be used to test fundamental movement theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Ryan James
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, North Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Earth and Environment, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Rolando O Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, North Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jennifer S Rehage
- Department of Earth and Environment, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jennifer C Doerr
- National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, Galveston Laboratory, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - James A Nelson
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, USA
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Christensen JM, Nelson JA, Klompas AM, Hofer RE, Findlay JY. The Success of a Simulation-Based Transesophageal Echocardiography Course for Liver Transplant Anesthesiologists. J Educ Perioper Med 2021; 23:E672. [PMID: 34966826 PMCID: PMC8686686 DOI: 10.46374/volxxiii_issue4_christensen] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is increasingly used for intraoperative management during orthotopic liver transplantation. Proficient TEE use requires skill and knowledge to accurately assess the hemodynamic status and guide clinical management. Currently there are no TEE educational tracks specifically focused on perioperative liver transplant management and barriers to obtaining basic certification exist. METHODS A 4-hour simulation-based learning (SBL) course was provided to improve liver transplant anesthesiologist TEE knowledge and skill. Learners received training and education using a TEE simulator in small groups focusing on basic image acquisition, relevant anatomy, hemodynamic calculations, and pathology germane to the liver transplant period. Knowledge assessment and survey responses were assessed at the beginning and completion of the course. Learners completed TEE examinations with simulated pathology during high-fidelity simulations following the course. RESULTS Seventeen anesthesiologists completed the course. The median baseline knowledge assessment score was 55.0% (37-70). The median postcourse knowledge assessment score improved to 95.0% (94-100) (P < .001). All anesthesiologists were able to identify TEE pathology during high-fidelity simulation. Survey responses yielded significant median score improvement in all areas assessed using a 5-point Likert scale. CONCLUSIONS A small group, simulation TEE course delivered over 4 hours can increase knowledge and skill in TEE use for liver transplant anesthesiologists.
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Nelson JA, Mortensen MJ, Horslen S, Bhat AH. Impact of nutritional status on prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy in children undergoing liver transplant. Pediatr Transplant 2021; 25:e14011. [PMID: 34004058 DOI: 10.1111/petr.14011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to (1) determine the prevalence of cardiac changes in patients with ESLD awaiting OLT (2) determine relationship between nutritional indices and cardiac changes. METHODS Retrospective review of transthoracic ECHO, clinical and nutritional information of pediatric patients evaluated for OLT. ECHO was analyzed for LVH, defined as LVMI > 95 g/m2.7 and/or RWT > 0.42. These findings were correlated with age, ESLD etiology, growth and nutritional parameters as well as pre- and post-OLT. RESULTS Sixty-five patients were included, all had normal left ventricular systolic function. Nine patients (14%) had LVMI > 95 g/m2.7 , five patients (8%) had RWT > 0.42, none met both criteria. None had thickened interventricular septal wall. Fourteen patients (20%) had significant left ventricular dilation. Nutritional deprivation was modestly present-weight under third percentile in 22%, length under third percentile in 24%, and both weight and length under third percentile in 17%. There were 12 patients (17%) with MUAC below two standard deviations for age; of these one had an elevated LVMI and another had an RWT > 0.42. CONCLUSIONS In this contemporary cross-sectional evaluation, a smaller proportion of patients with ESLD had LVH in contrast to prior studies. Despite a comparable disease burden, our cohort had better nutritional status. Though there was a trend between nutritional and LVH indices, this correlation may be better assessed prospectively in a larger cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Nelson
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Simon Horslen
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Aarti H Bhat
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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11
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Nelson JA, Gue YX, Christensen JM, Lip GYH, Ramakrishna H. Analysis of the ESC/EACTS 2020 Atrial Fibrillation Guidelines With Perioperative Implications. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2021; 36:2177-2195. [PMID: 34130901 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia worldwide, with an individual lifetime risk of approximately 37% in the United States. Broadly defined as a supraventricular tachyarrhythmia with disorganized atrial activation, AF results in an increased risk of stroke, heart failure, valvular heart disease, and impaired quality of life, and confers a significant burden on the health of individuals and society. AF in the perioperative setting is common and a significant source of perioperative morbidity and mortality worldwide. The latest iteration of the European Society of Cardiology AF guidelines published in 2020 provide the clinician a valuable road map for the management of this arrythmia. This expert review will comprehensively analyze the 2020 European Society of Cardiology guidelines and provide perioperative management tools for the clinician.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Nelson
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ying X Gue
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jon M Christensen
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Harish Ramakrishna
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
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Plack DL, Rehfeldt KH, Nelson JA, Kauss ML. Pulmonary artery sheath hematoma. Ann Card Anaesth 2021; 24:232-233. [PMID: 33884982 PMCID: PMC8253031 DOI: 10.4103/aca.aca_135_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Dissection of the ascending aorta (AA) represents a life-threatening condition typically treated by emergent surgical repair. A rare, potential complication of AA dissection is pulmonary artery (PA) sheath hematoma. Due to the presence of a common adventitial layer between the proximal AA and the PA, dissection can propagate between both vessels, potentially compromising the PA lumen. The resultant acute narrowing of the PA lumen may abruptly increase right ventricular (RV) afterload. Recognition of PA sheath hematoma is important; when seen on echocardiography it is suggestive of AA dissection and has the potential to result in RV hypertension and dysfunction if significant PA compression occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Plack
- Department of Cardiovascular Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Kent H Rehfeldt
- Department of Cardiovascular Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - James A Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Marissa L Kauss
- Department of Cardiovascular Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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13
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Rezek RJ, Massie JA, Nelson JA, Santos RO, Viadero NM, Boucek RE, Rehage JS. Individual consumer movement mediates food web coupling across a coastal ecosystem. Ecosphere 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J. Rezek
- Department of Earth and Environment Institute of Environment Florida International University 11200 SW 8th Street Miami Florida33199USA
| | - Jordan A. Massie
- Department of Earth and Environment Institute of Environment Florida International University 11200 SW 8th Street Miami Florida33199USA
| | - James A. Nelson
- Department of Biology University of Louisiana 410 E. St. Mary Boulevard Lafayette Louisiana70504USA
| | - Rolando O. Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences Institute of Environment Florida International University 11200 SW 8th Street Miami Florida33199USA
| | - Natasha M. Viadero
- Department of Earth and Environment Institute of Environment Florida International University 11200 SW 8th Street Miami Florida33199USA
| | - Ross E. Boucek
- Bonefish & Tarpon Trust 135 San Lorenzo Avenue, Suite 860 Coral Gables Florida33146USA
| | - Jennifer S. Rehage
- Department of Earth and Environment Institute of Environment Florida International University 11200 SW 8th Street Miami Florida33199USA
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14
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Oufiero CE, Kraskura K, Bennington R, Nelson JA. Individual Repeatability of Locomotor Kinematics and Swimming Performance in a Gymnotiform Swimmer. Physiol Biochem Zool 2020; 94:22-34. [PMID: 33275536 DOI: 10.1086/712058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractGymnotiform swimming is a specialized form of swimming wherein thrust is produced by the ribbonlike motion of an elongate anal fin, while the body is held relatively stiff. This form of swimming has been extensively examined in relation to the biomechanics of thrust production, the kinematics of the anal fin, and neuromuscular control, whereas few studies have examined whole-animal performance parameters of this swimming mode. The goals of this research were to (1) assess the maximum abilities and repeatability of two swimming performance measures, sprinting and prolonged swimming, which would indicate that these performance measures in a gymnotiform swimmer may be a target for selection, similar to body-caudal fin-swimming fish; (2) examine how a gymnotiform swimmer modulates swimming speed; and (3) determine whether modulatory behavior is consistent across different-sized fish and within individuals across time. Sprinting and prolonged swimming were examined in black ghost knifefish (Apteronotus albifrons; N=15), multiple times on the same day, and were measured again 4 wk later. Sprinting ability was measured by chasing a fish down a photocell-lined racetrack and obtaining the fastest speed between any 8-cm span. Prolonged swimming abilities were measured in a constant acceleration test (Ucat) in a Brett-style swim tunnel by measuring the maximum speed the fish could attain against a steadily increasing water velocity. We determined frequency, wavelength, and amplitude of the anal fin sine wave in fish swimming at different speeds during the Ucat trials. We found repeatable measures of sprint speed and Ucat performance over short (day) and medium (4 wk) time periods for both tests. Neither sprint nor Ucat performance was significantly dependent on size, suggesting that the primary driver of performance variation was individual differences in physiology. Most modulation of swimming speed occurred through changes in the frequency of the wave train processing down the anal fin, with only modest changes to the wavelength and minimal changes to amplitude. Finally, we compare our measures of swimming performance in this gymnotiform swimmer to published values of body-caudal fin swimmers to demonstrate that this form of locomotion results in comparable sprint and constant-acceleration values.
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15
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Nelson JA, Harris JM, Lesser JS, James WR, Suir GM, Broussard WP. New mapping metrics to test functional response of food webs to coastal restoration. Food Webs 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2020.e00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Bowen JL, Giblin AE, Murphy AE, Bulseco AN, Deegan LA, Johnson DS, Nelson JA, Mozdzer TJ, Sullivan HL. Not All Nitrogen Is Created Equal: Differential Effects of Nitrate and Ammonium Enrichment in Coastal Wetlands. Bioscience 2020; 70:1108-1119. [PMID: 33376455 PMCID: PMC7750101 DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biaa140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess reactive nitrogen (N) flows from agricultural, suburban, and urban systems to coasts, where it causes eutrophication. Coastal wetlands take up some of this N, thereby ameliorating the impacts on nearshore waters. Although the consequences of N on coastal wetlands have been extensively studied, the effect of the specific form of N is not often considered. Both oxidized N forms (nitrate, NO3-) and reduced forms (ammonium, NH4+) can relieve nutrient limitation and increase primary production. However, unlike NH4+, NO3- can also be used as an electron acceptor for microbial respiration. We present results demonstrating that, in salt marshes, microbes use NO3- to support organic matter decomposition and primary production is less stimulated than when enriched with reduced N. Understanding how different forms of N mediate the balance between primary production and decomposition is essential for managing coastal wetlands as N enrichment and sea level rise continue to assail our coasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Bowen
- Northeastern University's Marine Science Center, Nahant, Massachusetts, and a senior scientist at INSPIRE Environmental, Newport, Rhode Island
| | - Anne E Giblin
- Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, and is now an assistant professor of Marine Science at Eckerd College, St. Petersburg, Florida
| | - Anna E Murphy
- Northeastern University's Marine Science Center, Nahant, Massachusetts, and a senior scientist at INSPIRE Environmental, Newport, Rhode Island
| | - Ashley N Bulseco
- Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, and is now an assistant professor of Marine Science at Eckerd College, St. Petersburg, Florida
| | - Linda A Deegan
- Woodwell Climate Research Center (formerly, the Woods Hole Research Center), in Falmouth, Massachusetts. Deegan leads the TIDE project, the long-term nutrient enrichment experiment from which much of these results derive
| | - David S Johnson
- Virginia Institute of Marine Science, William and Mary, Gloucester Point, Virginia
| | | | | | - Hillary L Sullivan
- Woodwell Climate Research Center (formerly, the Woods Hole Research Center), in Falmouth, Massachusetts. Deegan leads the TIDE project, the long-term nutrient enrichment experiment from which much of these results derive
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Baker R, Taylor MD, Able KW, Beck MW, Cebrian J, Colombano DD, Connolly RM, Currin C, Deegan LA, Feller IC, Gilby BL, Kimball ME, Minello TJ, Rozas LP, Simenstad C, Turner RE, Waltham NJ, Weinstein MP, Ziegler SL, Zu Ermgassen PSE, Alcott C, Alford SB, Barbeau MA, Crosby SC, Dodds K, Frank A, Goeke J, Goodridge Gaines LA, Hardcastle FE, Henderson CJ, James WR, Kenworthy MD, Lesser J, Mallick D, Martin CW, McDonald AE, McLuckie C, Morrison BH, Nelson JA, Norris GS, Ollerhead J, Pahl JW, Ramsden S, Rehage JS, Reinhardt JF, Rezek RJ, Risse LM, Smith JAM, Sparks EL, Staver LW. Fisheries rely on threatened salt marshes. Science 2020; 370:670-671. [PMID: 33154131 DOI: 10.1126/science.abe9332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Baker
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of South Alabama, Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Dauphin Island, AL 36528 USA.
| | - Matthew D Taylor
- Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Nelson Bay, NSW 2315, Australia
| | - Kenneth W Able
- Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Michael W Beck
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95062, USA
| | - Just Cebrian
- Northern Gulf Institute, Mississippi State University, Stennis Space Center, MS 39529, USA
| | - Denise D Colombano
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Rod M Connolly
- Australian Rivers Institute-Coast & Estuaries, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Carolyn Currin
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA
| | - Linda A Deegan
- Woodwell Climate Research Center, Falmouth, MA 02540, USA
| | - Ilka C Feller
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD 21037, USA
| | - Ben L Gilby
- School of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD 4558, Australia
| | - Matthew E Kimball
- Baruch Marine Field Laboratory, University of South Carolina, Georgetown, SC 29442, USA
| | - Thomas J Minello
- NOAA Fisheries, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, Galveston, TX 77551, USA
| | - Lawrence P Rozas
- NOAA Fisheries, Estuarine Habitats and Coastal Fisheries Center, Lafayette, LA 70506, USA
| | - Charles Simenstad
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-5020, USA
| | - R Eugene Turner
- Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Nathan J Waltham
- Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research, and Marine Data Technologies Hub, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Michael P Weinstein
- New Jersey Marine Sciences Consortium, Fort Hancock, Sandy Hook, NJ 07043, USA
| | | | - Philine S E Zu Ermgassen
- Changing Oceans Group, School of Geosciences, Grant Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3FE, UK
| | | | - Scott B Alford
- University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Nature Coast Biological Station, University of Florida, Cedar Key, FL 32625 USA
| | - Myriam A Barbeau
- Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada
| | | | - Kate Dodds
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Alyssa Frank
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of South Alabama, Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Dauphin Island, AL 36528 USA
| | - Janelle Goeke
- Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77554, USA
| | - Lucy A Goodridge Gaines
- School of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD 4558, Australia
| | - Felicity E Hardcastle
- School of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD 4558, Australia
| | - Christopher J Henderson
- School of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD 4558, Australia
| | - W Ryan James
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA
| | - Matthew D Kenworthy
- Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Savannah State University, Savannah, GA 31404, USA
| | - Justin Lesser
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA
| | - Debbrota Mallick
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of South Alabama, Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Dauphin Island, AL 36528 USA
| | - Charles W Martin
- University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Nature Coast Biological Station, University of Florida, Cedar Key, FL 32625 USA
| | - Ashley E McDonald
- Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77554, USA
| | - Catherine McLuckie
- Department of Environmental Science and Management, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, Australia
| | - Blair H Morrison
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of South Alabama, Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Dauphin Island, AL 36528 USA
| | - James A Nelson
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA
| | - Gregory S Norris
- Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Jeff Ollerhead
- Geography and Environment Department, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1E4, Canada
| | - James W Pahl
- Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority, Baton Rouge, LA 70802, USA
| | - Sarah Ramsden
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of South Alabama, Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Dauphin Island, AL 36528 USA
| | - Jennifer S Rehage
- Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | | | - Ryan J Rezek
- Department of Earth and Environment, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - L Mark Risse
- University of Georgia Marine Extension and Georgia Sea Grant, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | | | - Eric L Sparks
- Coastal Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Biloxi, MS 39532, USA.,Mississippi Alabama Sea Grant Consortium, Ocean Springs, MS 39564, USA
| | - Lorie W Staver
- University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Horn Point Laboratory, Cambridge, MD 21617, USA
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Pfob A, Mehrara BJ, Nelson JA, Wilkins EG, Pusic AL, Sidey-Gibbons C. Towards data-driven decision-making for breast cancer patients undergoing mastectomy and reconstruction: accurate prediction of individual patient-reported outcomes at 2-year follow-up using machine learning. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1717866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Pfob
- Harvard Medical School & Brigham and Women’s Hospital, PROVE Center
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | | | - JA Nelson
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
| | | | - AL Pusic
- Harvard Medical School & Brigham and Women’s Hospital, PROVE Center
| | - C Sidey-Gibbons
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Symptom Research
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19
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Nelson JA, Espinosa R, Michelena H, Rehfeldt K. Acute Severe Functional Mitral Regurgitation After Non-Mitral Valve Cardiac Surgery-Left Ventricular Dyssynchrony as a Potential Mechanism. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2020; 35:1292-1298. [PMID: 32921604 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Functional mitral regurgitation (MR) describes valve leakage in the absence of disease or damage to the mitral leaflets or subvalvular apparatus. Significant, new functional MR after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) may result from a number of intraoperative processes, including left ventricular (LV) ischemia and enlargement, left atrial enlargement secondary to increased filling pressure, and systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve after mitral repair. Assessment of new MR after CPB is important because it may direct hemodynamic maneuvers or prompt reinitiation of CPB if surgical intervention is deemed necessary. Described extensively in the electrophysiology literature but underreported as a cause of MR after CPB, LV dyssynchrony represents another possible mechanism of functional MR, in which resynchronization of conduction via pacing maneuvers may prove beneficial. Herein, a series of 4 patients in whom new MR was found after non-mitral valve cardiac surgery in the setting of normal LV systolic function is presented, and LV dyssynchrony is proposed as a major contributing factor. The findings suggested that the concomitant observation of new or worsened functional MR, together with normal global and regional LV systolic function, should lead the clinician to consider ventricular dyssynchrony as a possible cause. Attempts to improve or alter ventricular conduction should be considered before contemplating a return to CPB for mitral valve intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Nelson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN.
| | - Raul Espinosa
- Department of Cardiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
| | - Hector Michelena
- Department of Cardiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
| | - Kent Rehfeldt
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
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Ramsdell GC, Nelson JA, Pislaru SV, Ramakrishna H. Tricuspid Regurgitation in Congestive Heart Failure: Management Strategies and Analysis of Outcomes. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2020; 35:1205-1214. [PMID: 32622710 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Tricuspid regurgitation is a notable aspect of congestive heart failure and is linked with worse outcomes if untreated. Functional tricuspid regurgitation commonly is seen in patients with heart failure, particularly in patients presenting for surgical management, such as those for mechanical cardiac assist device implantation. This review aims to study the published data related to the surgical management of tricuspid regurgitation in the cardiac surgical population comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey C Ramsdell
- Adult Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - James A Nelson
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Sorin V Pislaru
- Division of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Harish Ramakrishna
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin S. Lesser
- Dept of Biology, Univ. of Louisiana 410 E. St. Mary Blvd. Lafayette LA 70504 USA
| | - W. Ryan James
- Dept of Biology, Univ. of Louisiana 410 E. St. Mary Blvd. Lafayette LA 70504 USA
| | | | - Rachel M. Wilson
- Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Florida State Univ. Tallahassee FL USA
| | - James A. Nelson
- Dept of Biology, Univ. of Louisiana 410 E. St. Mary Blvd. Lafayette LA 70504 USA
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22
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James WR, Lesser JS, Litvin SY, Nelson JA. Assessment of food web recovery following restoration using resource niche metrics. Sci Total Environ 2020; 711:134801. [PMID: 31822405 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The primary goal of habitat restoration is to recover the ecological structure, function, and services of natural ecosystems lost due to disturbance. Post-restoration success typically focuses on the return of a desired habitat type, consumer species composition, or abundance relative to a reference site. However, how energy flow responds to habitat restoration has not been widely studied, and there is a need to develop a better understanding of how energy flows through a restored vs reference ecosystem following restoration. We tested recently developed niche metrics as a tool to assess the degree of recovery of ecosystem energy flow and evaluate the success of habitat restoration. Using published stable isotope values from six systems, one to three years post-restoration, we used Bayesian mixing models to quantify resource use by consumers to generate food web hypervolumes for restored and reference habitats in each ecosystem and to quantify similarity in resource use between restored and reference systems. Our analysis showed that there were differences in restoration success at each restoration project between the restored and reference food webs, but two general patterns emerged in the early stages following restoration. Restoration efforts that restore biogenic habitats display lower levels of recovery of food web function than those that only restore abiotic habitat structural. Restoration increases the variability in basal resource use of consumers in food webs that rely heavily on one basal resource, while in food webs that relied on multiple basal resources consumers decrease variability in basal resource use. Our results demonstrate that hypervolume analysis is a powerful tool that can be used to quantify energy flow, the recovery of food web function, and measure restoration success.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Ryan James
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana, 410 E. St. Mary Blvd., Lafayette, LA 70504, United States.
| | - Justin S Lesser
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana, 410 E. St. Mary Blvd., Lafayette, LA 70504, United States
| | - Steven Y Litvin
- Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Rd., Moss Landing, CA 95039, United States
| | - James A Nelson
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana, 410 E. St. Mary Blvd., Lafayette, LA 70504, United States
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Armour S, Armour TK, Joppa WR, Maltais S, Nelson JA, Wittwer E. Use of Hydroxocobalamin (Vitamin B12a) in Patients With Vasopressor Refractory Hypotension After Cardiopulmonary Bypass. Anesth Analg 2019; 129:e1-e4. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000003648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Nelson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - William J Mauermann
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - David W Barbara
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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25
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Smith MM, Renew JR, Nelson JA, Barbara DW. Red Blood Cell Disorders: Perioperative Considerations for Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2018; 33:1393-1406. [PMID: 30201404 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Disorders affecting red blood cells (RBCs) are uncommon yet have many important physiologic considerations for patients undergoing cardiac surgery. RBC disorders can be categorized by those that are congenital or acquired, and further by disorders affecting the RBC membrane, hemoglobin, intracellular enzymes, or excessive RBC production. A foundational understanding of the physiologic derangement for these disorders is critical when considering perioperative implications and optimization, strategies for cardiopulmonary bypass, and the rapid recognition and treatment if complications occur. This review systematically outlines the RBC disorders of frequency and relevance with an emphasis on how the disorder affects normal physiologic processes, a review of the literature related to the disorder, and the implications and recommendations for patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark M Smith
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN.
| | - J Ross Renew
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL
| | - James A Nelson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
| | - David W Barbara
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
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Dornelas M, Antão LH, Moyes F, Bates AE, Magurran AE, Adam D, Akhmetzhanova AA, Appeltans W, Arcos JM, Arnold H, Ayyappan N, Badihi G, Baird AH, Barbosa M, Barreto TE, Bässler C, Bellgrove A, Belmaker J, Benedetti‐Cecchi L, Bett BJ, Bjorkman AD, Błażewicz M, Blowes SA, Bloch CP, Bonebrake TC, Boyd S, Bradford M, Brooks AJ, Brown JH, Bruelheide H, Budy P, Carvalho F, Castañeda‐Moya E, Chen CA, Chamblee JF, Chase TJ, Siegwart Collier L, Collinge SK, Condit R, Cooper EJ, Cornelissen JHC, Cotano U, Kyle Crow S, Damasceno G, Davies CH, Davis RA, Day FP, Degraer S, Doherty TS, Dunn TE, Durigan G, Duffy JE, Edelist D, Edgar GJ, Elahi R, Elmendorf SC, Enemar A, Ernest SKM, Escribano R, Estiarte M, Evans BS, Fan T, Turini Farah F, Loureiro Fernandes L, Farneda FZ, Fidelis A, Fitt R, Fosaa AM, Daher Correa Franco GA, Frank GE, Fraser WR, García H, Cazzolla Gatti R, Givan O, Gorgone‐Barbosa E, Gould WA, Gries C, Grossman GD, Gutierréz JR, Hale S, Harmon ME, Harte J, Haskins G, Henshaw DL, Hermanutz L, Hidalgo P, Higuchi P, Hoey A, Van Hoey G, Hofgaard A, Holeck K, Hollister RD, Holmes R, Hoogenboom M, Hsieh C, Hubbell SP, Huettmann F, Huffard CL, Hurlbert AH, Macedo Ivanauskas N, Janík D, Jandt U, Jażdżewska A, Johannessen T, Johnstone J, Jones J, Jones FAM, Kang J, Kartawijaya T, Keeley EC, Kelt DA, Kinnear R, Klanderud K, Knutsen H, Koenig CC, Kortz AR, Král K, Kuhnz LA, Kuo C, Kushner DJ, Laguionie‐Marchais C, Lancaster LT, Min Lee C, Lefcheck JS, Lévesque E, Lightfoot D, Lloret F, Lloyd JD, López‐Baucells A, Louzao M, Madin JS, Magnússon B, Malamud S, Matthews I, McFarland KP, McGill B, McKnight D, McLarney WO, Meador J, Meserve PL, Metcalfe DJ, Meyer CFJ, Michelsen A, Milchakova N, Moens T, Moland E, Moore J, Mathias Moreira C, Müller J, Murphy G, Myers‐Smith IH, Myster RW, Naumov A, Neat F, Nelson JA, Paul Nelson M, Newton SF, Norden N, Oliver JC, Olsen EM, Onipchenko VG, Pabis K, Pabst RJ, Paquette A, Pardede S, Paterson DM, Pélissier R, Peñuelas J, Pérez‐Matus A, Pizarro O, Pomati F, Post E, Prins HHT, Priscu JC, Provoost P, Prudic KL, Pulliainen E, Ramesh BR, Mendivil Ramos O, Rassweiler A, Rebelo JE, Reed DC, Reich PB, Remillard SM, Richardson AJ, Richardson JP, van Rijn I, Rocha R, Rivera‐Monroy VH, Rixen C, Robinson KP, Ribeiro Rodrigues R, de Cerqueira Rossa‐Feres D, Rudstam L, Ruhl H, Ruz CS, Sampaio EM, Rybicki N, Rypel A, Sal S, Salgado B, Santos FAM, Savassi‐Coutinho AP, Scanga S, Schmidt J, Schooley R, Setiawan F, Shao K, Shaver GR, Sherman S, Sherry TW, Siciński J, Sievers C, da Silva AC, Rodrigues da Silva F, Silveira FL, Slingsby J, Smart T, Snell SJ, Soudzilovskaia NA, Souza GBG, Maluf Souza F, Castro Souza V, Stallings CD, Stanforth R, Stanley EH, Mauro Sterza J, Stevens M, Stuart‐Smith R, Rondon Suarez Y, Supp S, Yoshio Tamashiro J, Tarigan S, Thiede GP, Thorn S, Tolvanen A, Teresa Zugliani Toniato M, Totland Ø, Twilley RR, Vaitkus G, Valdivia N, Vallejo MI, Valone TJ, Van Colen C, Vanaverbeke J, Venturoli F, Verheye HM, Vianna M, Vieira RP, Vrška T, Quang Vu C, Van Vu L, Waide RB, Waldock C, Watts D, Webb S, Wesołowski T, White EP, Widdicombe CE, Wilgers D, Williams R, Williams SB, Williamson M, Willig MR, Willis TJ, Wipf S, Woods KD, Woehler EJ, Zawada K, Zettler ML, Hickler T. BioTIME: A database of biodiversity time series for the Anthropocene. Glob Ecol Biogeogr 2018; 27:760-786. [PMID: 30147447 PMCID: PMC6099392 DOI: 10.1111/geb.12729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
MOTIVATION The BioTIME database contains raw data on species identities and abundances in ecological assemblages through time. These data enable users to calculate temporal trends in biodiversity within and amongst assemblages using a broad range of metrics. BioTIME is being developed as a community-led open-source database of biodiversity time series. Our goal is to accelerate and facilitate quantitative analysis of temporal patterns of biodiversity in the Anthropocene. MAIN TYPES OF VARIABLES INCLUDED The database contains 8,777,413 species abundance records, from assemblages consistently sampled for a minimum of 2 years, which need not necessarily be consecutive. In addition, the database contains metadata relating to sampling methodology and contextual information about each record. SPATIAL LOCATION AND GRAIN BioTIME is a global database of 547,161 unique sampling locations spanning the marine, freshwater and terrestrial realms. Grain size varies across datasets from 0.0000000158 km2 (158 cm2) to 100 km2 (1,000,000,000,000 cm2). TIME PERIOD AND GRAIN BioTIME records span from 1874 to 2016. The minimal temporal grain across all datasets in BioTIME is a year. MAJOR TAXA AND LEVEL OF MEASUREMENT BioTIME includes data from 44,440 species across the plant and animal kingdoms, ranging from plants, plankton and terrestrial invertebrates to small and large vertebrates. SOFTWARE FORMAT .csv and .SQL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dornelas
- Centre for Biological Diversity and Scottish Oceans Institute, School of Biology, University of St. AndrewsSt AndrewsUnited Kingdom
| | - Laura H. Antão
- Centre for Biological Diversity and Scottish Oceans Institute, School of Biology, University of St. AndrewsSt AndrewsUnited Kingdom
- Department of Biology and CESAMUniversidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de SantiagoAveiroPortugal
| | - Faye Moyes
- Centre for Biological Diversity and Scottish Oceans Institute, School of Biology, University of St. AndrewsSt AndrewsUnited Kingdom
| | - Amanda E. Bates
- National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton Waterfront CampusSouthamptonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt John'sNewfoundland and LabradorCanada
| | - Anne E. Magurran
- Centre for Biological Diversity and Scottish Oceans Institute, School of Biology, University of St. AndrewsSt AndrewsUnited Kingdom
| | - Dušan Adam
- Department of Forest Ecology, Silva Tarouca Research InstituteBrnoCzech Republic
| | | | - Ward Appeltans
- UNESCO, Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, IOC Project Office for IODEOostendeBelgium
| | | | - Haley Arnold
- Centre for Biological Diversity and Scottish Oceans Institute, School of Biology, University of St. AndrewsSt AndrewsUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Gal Badihi
- Centre for Biological Diversity and Scottish Oceans Institute, School of Biology, University of St. AndrewsSt AndrewsUnited Kingdom
| | - Andrew H. Baird
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook UniversityTownsvilleQueenslandAustralia
| | - Miguel Barbosa
- Centre for Biological Diversity and Scottish Oceans Institute, School of Biology, University of St. AndrewsSt AndrewsUnited Kingdom
- Department of Biology and CESAMUniversidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de SantiagoAveiroPortugal
| | - Tiago Egydio Barreto
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Restauração Florestal, Fundação Espaço Eco, Piracicaba, São PauloBrazil
| | | | - Alecia Bellgrove
- School of Life and Environmental SciencesCentre for Integrative Ecology, Deakin UniversityWarrnamboolVictoriaAustralia
| | - Jonathan Belmaker
- School of Zoology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | | | - Brian J. Bett
- National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton Waterfront CampusSouthamptonUnited Kingdom
| | - Anne D. Bjorkman
- Section for Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of BioscienceAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Magdalena Błażewicz
- Laboratory of Polar Biology and Oceanobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental ProtectionUniversity of ŁódźŁódźPoland
| | - Shane A. Blowes
- School of Zoology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Christopher P. Bloch
- Department of Biological SciencesBridgewater State UniversityBridgewaterMassachusetts
| | | | - Susan Boyd
- Centre for Biological Diversity and Scottish Oceans Institute, School of Biology, University of St. AndrewsSt AndrewsUnited Kingdom
| | - Matt Bradford
- CSIRO Land & WaterEcosciences Precinct, Dutton ParkQueenslandAustralia
| | - Andrew J. Brooks
- Marine Science Institute, University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCalifornia
| | - James H. Brown
- Department of BiologyUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew Mexico
| | - Helge Bruelheide
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin‐Luther‐University Halle‐WittenbergHalleGermany
| | - Phaedra Budy
- Department of Watershed Sciences and the Ecology Center, US Geological Survey, UCFWRU and Utah State UniversityLoganUtah
| | - Fernando Carvalho
- Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (PPG‐CA)CriciúmaSanta CatarinaBrazil
| | - Edward Castañeda‐Moya
- Southeast Environmental Research Center (OE 148), Florida International UniversityMiamiFlorida
| | - Chaolun Allen Chen
- Coral Reef Ecology and Evolution LabBiodiversity Research Centre, Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan
| | | | - Tory J. Chase
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook UniversityTownsvilleQueenslandAustralia
- Marine Biology and Aquaculture, College of Science and EngineeringJames Cook UniversityDouglasQueenslandAustralia
| | | | | | - Richard Condit
- Center for Tropical Forest ScienceWashingtonDistrict of Columbia
| | - Elisabeth J. Cooper
- Biosciences Fisheries and EconomicsUiT‐ The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
| | - J. Hans C. Cornelissen
- Systems Ecology, Department of Ecological Science, Vrije UniversiteitAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - Shannan Kyle Crow
- The National Institute of Water and Atmospheric ResearchAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Gabriella Damasceno
- Lab of Vegetation Ecology, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rio ClaroBrazil
| | | | - Robert A. Davis
- School of ScienceEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Frank P. Day
- Department of Biological SciencesOld Dominion UniversityNorfolkVirginia
| | - Steven Degraer
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Operational Directorate Natural Environment, Marine Ecology and ManagementBrusselsBelgium
- Marine Biology Research Group, Ghent UniversityGentBelgium
| | - Tim S. Doherty
- School of ScienceEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
- School of Life and Environmental SciencesCentre for Integrative Ecology (Burwood Campus), Deakin UniversityGeelongVictoriaAustralia
| | | | - Giselda Durigan
- Divisão de Florestas e Estações Experimentais, Floresta Estadual de Assis, Laboratório de Ecologia e Hidrologia Florestal, Instituto FlorestalSão PauloBrazil
| | - J. Emmett Duffy
- Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network, Smithsonian InstitutionWashington, District of Columbia
| | - Dor Edelist
- National Institute of Oceanography, Tel‐ShikmonaHaifaIsrael
| | - Graham J. Edgar
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of TasmaniaHobartTasmaniaAustralia
| | - Robin Elahi
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, StanfordCalifornia
| | | | - Anders Enemar
- Department of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - S. K. Morgan Ernest
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and ConservationUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL
| | - Rubén Escribano
- Instituto Milenio de Oceanografía, Universidad de ConcepciónConcepciónChile
| | - Marc Estiarte
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF‐CSIC‐UABBellaterraCataloniaSpain
- CREAF, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaCerdanyola del VallèsCataloniaSpain
| | - Brian S. Evans
- Migratory Bird Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological ParkWashingtonDistrict of Columbia
| | - Tung‐Yung Fan
- National Museum of Marine Biology and AquariumPingtung CountyTaiwan
| | - Fabiano Turini Farah
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Restauração Florestal, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Universidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Luiz Loureiro Fernandes
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito SantoBrazil
| | - Fábio Z. Farneda
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes – cE3c, Faculty of SciencesUniversity of LisbonLisbonPortugal
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, National Institute for Amazonian Research and Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteManausBrazil
- Department of Ecology/PPGEFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Alessandra Fidelis
- Lab of Vegetation Ecology, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rio ClaroBrazil
| | - Robert Fitt
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUnited Kingdom
| | - Anna Maria Fosaa
- Botanical Department, Faroese Museum of Natural HistoryTorshavnFaroe Islands
| | | | - Grace E. Frank
- Marine Biology and Aquaculture, College of Science and EngineeringJames Cook UniversityDouglasQueenslandAustralia
| | | | - Hernando García
- Alexander von Humboldt Biological Resources Research InstituteBogotá DCColombia
| | | | - Or Givan
- School of Zoology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Elizabeth Gorgone‐Barbosa
- Lab of Vegetation Ecology, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rio ClaroBrazil
| | - William A. Gould
- USDA Forest Service, 65 USDA Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical ForestrySan JuanPuerto Rico
| | - Corinna Gries
- Center for Limnology, University of WisconsinMadisonWisconsin
| | - Gary D. Grossman
- The Warnell School of Forestry and Natural ResourcesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgia
| | - Julio R. Gutierréz
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La SerenaLa SerenaChile
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Aridas (CEAZA)La SerenaChile
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB)SantiagoChile
| | - Stephen Hale
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology DivisionNarragansettRhode Island
| | - Mark E. Harmon
- Department of Forest Ecosystems and SocietyOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregon
| | - John Harte
- The Energy and Resources Group and The Department of Environmental Science, Policy and ManagementUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCalifornia
| | - Gary Haskins
- Cetacean Research & Rescue UnitBanffUnited Kingdom
| | - Donald L. Henshaw
- U.S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research LaboratoryCorvallisOregon
| | - Luise Hermanutz
- Memorial University, St John'sNewfoundland and LabradorCanada
| | - Pamela Hidalgo
- Instituto Milenio de Oceanografía, Universidad de ConcepciónConcepciónChile
| | - Pedro Higuchi
- Laboratório de Dendrologia e Fitossociologia, Universidade do Estado de Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisSanta CatarinaBrazil
| | - Andrew Hoey
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook UniversityTownsvilleQueenslandAustralia
| | - Gert Van Hoey
- Department of Aquatic Environment and Quality, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and FoodOostendeBelgium
| | | | - Kristen Holeck
- Department of Natural Resources and Cornell Biological Field StationCornell UniversityIthacaNew York
| | | | | | - Mia Hoogenboom
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook UniversityTownsvilleQueenslandAustralia
- Marine Biology and Aquaculture, College of Science and EngineeringJames Cook UniversityDouglasQueenslandAustralia
| | - Chih‐hao Hsieh
- Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | | | - Falk Huettmann
- EWHALE lab‐ Biology and Wildlife DepartmentInstitute of Arctic Biology, University of AlaskaFairbanksAlaska
| | | | - Allen H. Hurlbert
- Department of BiologyUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNorth Carolina
| | | | - David Janík
- Department of Forest Ecology, Silva Tarouca Research InstituteBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Ute Jandt
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin‐Luther‐University Halle‐WittenbergHalleGermany
| | - Anna Jażdżewska
- Laboratory of Polar Biology and Oceanobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental ProtectionUniversity of ŁódźŁódźPoland
| | | | - Jill Johnstone
- Department of BiologyUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada
| | - Julia Jones
- College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOregon
| | - Faith A. M. Jones
- Centre for Biological Diversity and Scottish Oceans Institute, School of Biology, University of St. AndrewsSt AndrewsUnited Kingdom
| | - Jungwon Kang
- Centre for Biological Diversity and Scottish Oceans Institute, School of Biology, University of St. AndrewsSt AndrewsUnited Kingdom
| | | | | | - Douglas A. Kelt
- Department of WildlifeFish, and Conservation Biology, University of California, DavisDavisCalifornia
| | - Rebecca Kinnear
- Centre for Biological Diversity and Scottish Oceans Institute, School of Biology, University of St. AndrewsSt AndrewsUnited Kingdom
- Shetland Oil Terminal Environmental Advisory Group (SOTEAG)St AndrewsUnited Kingdom
| | - Kari Klanderud
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource ManagementNorwegian University of Life SciencesÅsNorway
| | - Halvor Knutsen
- Institute of Marine ResearchHisNorway
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Centre for Coastal Research, University of AgderKristiansandNorway
| | | | - Alessandra R. Kortz
- Centre for Biological Diversity and Scottish Oceans Institute, School of Biology, University of St. AndrewsSt AndrewsUnited Kingdom
| | - Kamil Král
- Department of Forest Ecology, Silva Tarouca Research InstituteBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Linda A. Kuhnz
- Monterey Bay Aquarium Research InstituteMoss LandingCalifornia
| | - Chao‐Yang Kuo
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook UniversityTownsvilleQueenslandAustralia
| | - David J. Kushner
- Channel Islands National Park, U. S. National Park ServiceCalifornia, VenturaCalifornia
| | | | | | - Cheol Min Lee
- Forest and Climate Change Adaptation LaboratoryCenter for Forest and Climate Change, National Institute of Forest ScienceSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jonathan S. Lefcheck
- Department of Biological SciencesVirginia Institute of Marine Science, The College of William & Mary, Gloucester PointVirginia
| | - Esther Lévesque
- Département des sciences de l'environnementUniversité du Québec à Trois‐Rivières and Centre d’études nordiquesQuébecCanada
| | - David Lightfoot
- Department of BiologyMuseum of Southwestern Biology, University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew Mexico
| | - Francisco Lloret
- CREAF, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaCerdanyola del VallèsCataloniaSpain
| | | | - Adrià López‐Baucells
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes – cE3c, Faculty of SciencesUniversity of LisbonLisbonPortugal
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, National Institute for Amazonian Research and Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteManausBrazil
- Museu de Ciències Naturals de GranollersCatalunyaSpain
| | | | - Joshua S. Madin
- Hawai‘i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, KaneoheHawai‘iUSA
- Department of Biological SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | | | - Shahar Malamud
- School of Zoology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Iain Matthews
- Centre for Biological Diversity and Scottish Oceans Institute, School of Biology, University of St. AndrewsSt AndrewsUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Brian McGill
- School of Biology and EcologySustainability Solutions Initiative, University of MaineOronoMaine
| | | | - William O. McLarney
- Stream Biomonitoring Program, Mainspring Conservation TrustFranklinNorth Carolina
| | - Jason Meador
- Stream Biomonitoring Program, Mainspring Conservation TrustFranklinNorth Carolina
| | | | | | - Christoph F. J. Meyer
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes – cE3c, Faculty of SciencesUniversity of LisbonLisbonPortugal
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, National Institute for Amazonian Research and Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteManausBrazil
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Centre (EERC), School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of SalfordSalfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Anders Michelsen
- Terrestrial Ecology Section, Department of Biology, University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Nataliya Milchakova
- Laboratory of Phytoresources, Kovalevsky Institute of Marine Biological Research of RAS (IMBR)SevastopolRussia
| | - Tom Moens
- Marine Biology Research Group, Ghent UniversityGentBelgium
| | - Even Moland
- Institute of Marine ResearchHisNorway
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Centre for Coastal Research, University of AgderKristiansandNorway
| | - Jon Moore
- Shetland Oil Terminal Environmental Advisory Group (SOTEAG)St AndrewsUnited Kingdom
- Aquatic Survey & Monitoring Ltd. ASMLDurhamUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Jörg Müller
- Bavarian Forest National ParkGrafenauGermany
- Field Station Fabrikschleichach, University of WürzburgRauhenebrachGermany
| | - Grace Murphy
- Department of BiologyDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada
| | | | | | - Andrew Naumov
- Zoological Institute, Russian Academy SciencesSt PetersburgRussia
| | - Francis Neat
- Marine Scotland, Marine LaboratoryScottish GovernmentEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - James A. Nelson
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Louisiana at LafayetteLafayetteLouisiana
| | - Michael Paul Nelson
- Department of Forest Ecosystems and SocietyOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregon
| | | | - Natalia Norden
- Alexander von Humboldt Biological Resources Research InstituteBogotá DCColombia
| | - Jeffrey C. Oliver
- University of Arizona Health Sciences Library, University of ArizonaTucsonArizona
| | - Esben M. Olsen
- Institute of Marine ResearchHisNorway
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Centre for Coastal Research, University of AgderKristiansandNorway
| | | | - Krzysztof Pabis
- Laboratory of Polar Biology and Oceanobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental ProtectionUniversity of ŁódźŁódźPoland
| | - Robert J. Pabst
- Department of Forest Ecosystems and SocietyOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregon
| | - Alain Paquette
- Center for Forest Research, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM)MontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Sinta Pardede
- Wildlife Conservation Society Indonesia ProgramBogorIndonesia
| | - David M. Paterson
- Centre for Biological Diversity and Scottish Oceans Institute, School of Biology, University of St. AndrewsSt AndrewsUnited Kingdom
- Shetland Oil Terminal Environmental Advisory Group (SOTEAG)St AndrewsUnited Kingdom
| | - Raphaël Pélissier
- UMR AMAP, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF‐CSIC‐UABBellaterraCataloniaSpain
- CREAF, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaCerdanyola del VallèsCataloniaSpain
| | - Alejandro Pérez‐Matus
- Subtidal Ecology Laboratory & Center for Marine Conservation, Estación Costera de Investigaciones MarinasFacultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoCasillaChile
| | - Oscar Pizarro
- Australian Centre of Field Robotics, University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Francesco Pomati
- Department of Aquatic EcologyEawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and TechnologySwitzerland
| | - Eric Post
- Department of WildlifeFish, and Conservation Biology, University of California, DavisDavisCalifornia
| | | | - John C. Priscu
- Department of Land Resources and Environmental SciencesMontana State UniversityBozemanMontana
| | - Pieter Provoost
- UNESCO, Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, IOC Project Office for IODEOostendeBelgium
| | | | | | - B. R. Ramesh
- Department of EcologyFrench Institute of PondicherryPuducherryIndia
| | | | - Andrew Rassweiler
- Channel Islands National Park, U. S. National Park ServiceCalifornia, VenturaCalifornia
| | - Jose Eduardo Rebelo
- Ichthyology Laboratory, Fisheries and AquacultureUniversity of AveiroAveiroPortugal
| | - Daniel C. Reed
- Marine Science Institute, University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCalifornia
| | - Peter B. Reich
- Department of Forest Resources, University of MinnesotaSt PaulMinnesota
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney UniversityPenrithNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Suzanne M. Remillard
- Department of Forest Ecosystems and SocietyOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregon
| | - Anthony J. Richardson
- CSIRO Oceans and AtmosphereQueensland, BioSciences Precinct (QBP)St Lucia, BrisbaneQldAustralia
- Centre for Applications in Natural Resource Mathematics, The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueenslandAustralia
| | | | - Itai van Rijn
- School of Zoology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Ricardo Rocha
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes – cE3c, Faculty of SciencesUniversity of LisbonLisbonPortugal
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, National Institute for Amazonian Research and Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteManausBrazil
- Metapopulation Research Centre, Faculty of Biosciences, University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Victor H. Rivera‐Monroy
- Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, College of the Coast and EnvironmentLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLouisiana
| | - Christian Rixen
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape ResearchDavos DorfSwitzerland
| | | | - Ricardo Ribeiro Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Restauração Florestal, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Universidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Denise de Cerqueira Rossa‐Feres
- Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica, Universidade Estadual Paulista – UNESPCâmpus São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio PretoBrazil
| | - Lars Rudstam
- Department of Natural Resources and Cornell Biological Field StationCornell UniversityIthacaNew York
| | - Henry Ruhl
- National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton Waterfront CampusSouthamptonUnited Kingdom
| | - Catalina S. Ruz
- Subtidal Ecology Laboratory & Center for Marine Conservation, Estación Costera de Investigaciones MarinasFacultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoCasillaChile
| | - Erica M. Sampaio
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, National Institute for Amazonian Research and Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteManausBrazil
- Department of Animal Physiology, Eberhard Karls University TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Nancy Rybicki
- National Research Program, U.S. Geological SurveyRestonVirginia
| | - Andrew Rypel
- Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and Center for LimnologyUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
| | - Sofia Sal
- Department of Life SciencesImperial College LondonAscotBerkshireUnited Kingdom
| | - Beatriz Salgado
- Alexander von Humboldt Biological Resources Research InstituteBogotá DCColombia
| | | | - Ana Paula Savassi‐Coutinho
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura ‘Luiz de Queiroz’, Universidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Sara Scanga
- Department of BiologyUtica CollegeUticaNew York
| | - Jochen Schmidt
- The National Institute of Water and Atmospheric ResearchAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Robert Schooley
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Department of Natural Resources and Environmental SciencesUniversity of IllinoisChampaignIllinois
| | | | - Kwang‐Tsao Shao
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia SinicaNankang, TaipeiTaiwan
| | | | | | | | - Jacek Siciński
- Laboratory of Polar Biology and Oceanobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental ProtectionUniversity of ŁódźŁódźPoland
| | - Caya Sievers
- Centre for Biological Diversity and Scottish Oceans Institute, School of Biology, University of St. AndrewsSt AndrewsUnited Kingdom
| | - Ana Carolina da Silva
- Laboratório de Dendrologia e Fitossociologia, Universidade do Estado de Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisSanta CatarinaBrazil
| | | | | | - Jasper Slingsby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Statistics in Ecology, Environment and ConservationUniversity of CapeTownRondeboschSouth Africa
- Fynbos Node, South African Environmental Observation NetworkClaremontSouth Africa
| | - Tracey Smart
- Coastal Finfish Section, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, Marine Resources Research InstituteCharlestonSouth Carolina
| | - Sara J. Snell
- Department of BiologyUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNorth Carolina
| | - Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia
- Conservation Biology DepartmentInstitute of Environmental Studies, CML, Leiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Gabriel B. G. Souza
- Laboratório de Biologia e Tecnologia Pesqueira, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | | | - Vinícius Castro Souza
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Restauração Florestal, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Universidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | | | - Rowan Stanforth
- Centre for Biological Diversity and Scottish Oceans Institute, School of Biology, University of St. AndrewsSt AndrewsUnited Kingdom
| | | | | | - Maarten Stevens
- INBO, Research Institute for Nature and ForestBrusselsBelgium
| | - Rick Stuart‐Smith
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of TasmaniaHobartTasmaniaAustralia
| | - Yzel Rondon Suarez
- Centro de Estudos em Recursos Naturais, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do SulDouradosMato Grosso do SulBrazil
| | - Sarah Supp
- School of Biology and EcologyUniversity of MaineOronoMaine
| | | | | | - Gary P. Thiede
- Department of Watershed Sciences and the Ecology Center, US Geological Survey, UCFWRU and Utah State UniversityLoganUtah
| | - Simon Thorn
- Field Station Fabrikschleichach, University of WürzburgRauhenebrachGermany
| | - Anne Tolvanen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, University of OuluOuluFinland
| | | | - Ørjan Totland
- Department of BiologyUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Robert R. Twilley
- Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, College of the Coast and EnvironmentLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLouisiana
| | | | - Nelson Valdivia
- Universidad Austral de Chile and Centro FONDAP en Dinámica de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL)ValdiviaChile
| | | | | | - Carl Van Colen
- Marine Biology Research Group, Ghent UniversityGentBelgium
| | - Jan Vanaverbeke
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Operational Directorate Natural Environment, Marine Ecology and ManagementBrusselsBelgium
| | - Fabio Venturoli
- Escola de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de GoiásGoiâniaBrazil
| | - Hans M. Verheye
- Department of Environmental AffairsOceans and Coastal ResearchCape TownSouth Africa
- Department of Biological SciencesMarine Research InstituteUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Marcelo Vianna
- Laboratório de Biologia e Tecnologia Pesqueira, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Rui P. Vieira
- National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton Waterfront CampusSouthamptonUnited Kingdom
| | - Tomáš Vrška
- Department of Forest Ecology, Silva Tarouca Research InstituteBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Con Quang Vu
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, VASTHanoiVietnam
| | - Lien Van Vu
- Vietnam National Museum of NatureHanoiVietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, VASTHanoiVietnam
| | - Robert B. Waide
- Department of BiologyUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew Mexico
| | - Conor Waldock
- National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton Waterfront CampusSouthamptonUnited Kingdom
| | - Dave Watts
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere FlagshipHobartTasmaniaAustralia
| | - Sara Webb
- Biology Department, Drew UniversityMadisonNew Jersey
- Environmental Studies Department, Drew UniversityMadisonNew Jersey
| | | | - Ethan P. White
- Department of Wildlife Ecology & ConservationUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFlorida
- Informatics Institute, University of FloridaGainesvilleFlorida
| | | | - Dustin Wilgers
- Department of Natural SciencesMcPherson CollegeMcPhersonKansas
| | - Richard Williams
- Australian Antarctic Division, Channel HighwayKingstonTasmaniaAustralia
| | - Stefan B. Williams
- Australian Centre of Field Robotics, University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | | | - Michael R. Willig
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Center for Environmental Sciences & EngineeringUniversity of ConnecticutMansfieldConnecticut
| | - Trevor J. Willis
- Institute of Marine Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of PortsmouthPortsmouthUnited Kingdom
| | - Sonja Wipf
- Research Team Mountain Ecosystems, WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLFDavosSwitzerland
| | | | - Eric J. Woehler
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of TasmaniaHobartTasmaniaAustralia
| | - Kyle Zawada
- Centre for Biological Diversity and Scottish Oceans Institute, School of Biology, University of St. AndrewsSt AndrewsUnited Kingdom
- Department of Biological SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Michael L. Zettler
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Seestr. 15, D‐18119 RostockGermany
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Nelson JA, Maltais S, Fox JJ, Hagan JB, Rossow KL, Mauermann WJ. Successful Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Replacement Using Normothermic Fibrillatory Arrest in a Patient With Cold Urticaria. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2017; 32:935-937. [PMID: 28967621 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James A Nelson
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Simon Maltais
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Jonathan J Fox
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - John B Hagan
- Department of Allergy and Outpatient Infectious Disease, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Kari L Rossow
- Department of Allergy and Outpatient Infectious Disease, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Brown RA, Nelson JA. The History and Mathematics of the N-Localizer for Stereotactic Neurosurgery. Cureus 2016. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.r4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Brown RA, Nelson JA. The Origin of the N-Localizer for Stereotactic Neurosurgery. Cureus 2016. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Abstract
Nearly four decades after the invention of the N-localizer, its origin and history remain misunderstood. Some are unaware that a third-year medical student invented this technology. The following conspectus accurately chronicles the origin of the N-localizer, presents recently discovered evidence that documents its history, and corrects misconceptions related to its origin and early history.
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Nelson JA. Oxygen consumption rate v. rate of energy utilization of fishes: a comparison and brief history of the two measurements. J Fish Biol 2016; 88:10-25. [PMID: 26768970 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Accounting for energy use by fishes has been taking place for over 200 years. The original, and continuing gold standard for measuring energy use in terrestrial animals, is to account for the waste heat produced by all reactions of metabolism, a process referred to as direct calorimetry. Direct calorimetry is not easy or convenient in terrestrial animals and is extremely difficult in aquatic animals. Thus, the original and most subsequent measurements of metabolic activity in fishes have been measured via indirect calorimetry. Indirect calorimetry takes advantage of the fact that oxygen is consumed and carbon dioxide is produced during the catabolic conversion of foodstuffs or energy reserves to useful ATP energy. As measuring [CO2 ] in water is more challenging than measuring [O2 ], most indirect calorimetric studies on fishes have used the rate of O2 consumption. To relate measurements of O2 consumption back to actual energy usage requires knowledge of the substrate being oxidized. Many contemporary studies of O2 consumption by fishes do not attempt to relate this measurement back to actual energy usage. Thus, the rate of oxygen consumption (M˙O2 ) has become a measurement in its own right that is not necessarily synonymous with metabolic rate. Because all extant fishes are obligate aerobes (many fishes engage in substantial net anaerobiosis, but all require oxygen to complete their life cycle), this discrepancy does not appear to be of great concern to the fish biology community, and reports of fish oxygen consumption, without being related to energy, have proliferated. Unfortunately, under some circumstances, these measures can be quite different from one another. A review of the methodological history of the two measurements and a look towards the future are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Nelson
- Towson University, Department of Biological Sciences, 8000 York Road, Towson, MD 21252, U.S.A
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Abstract
Nearly four decades after the invention of the N-localizer, its origin and history remain misunderstood. Some are unaware that a third-year medical student invented this technology. The following conspectus accurately chronicles the origin and early history of the N-localizer and corrects some misconceptions related to both.
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Nelson JA, Lipkey GK. Hypoxia tolerance variance between swimming and resting striped bass Morone saxatilis. J Fish Biol 2015; 87:510-518. [PMID: 26184582 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Individual striped bass Morone saxatilis were each exposed in random order to aquatic hypoxia (10% air saturation) either while swimming at 50% of their estimated critical swimming speed (Ucrit ) or while at rest until they lost equilibrium. Individuals were always less tolerant of hypoxia when swimming (P < 0.01); the average fish was over five times more tolerant to the same hypoxia exposure when not swimming. There was no relationship between an individual's rank order of hypoxia tolerance (HT) under the two flow regimes, suggesting that different factors determine an individual's HT when at rest than when swimming.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Nelson
- Towson University, Department of Biological Sciences, 8000 York Road, Towson, MD, 21252, U.S.A
| | - G K Lipkey
- Towson University, Department of Biological Sciences, 8000 York Road, Towson, MD, 21252, U.S.A
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Chung CU, Nelson JA, Fischer JP, Wink JD, Serletti JM, Kovach SJ. Acute kidney injury after open ventral hernia repair: an analysis of the 2005-2012 ACS-NSQIP datasets. Hernia 2015; 20:131-8. [PMID: 26099501 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-015-1395-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious postoperative complication, negatively impacting mortality rates, extending length of stay, and raising hospital costs. The purpose of this study was to examine AKI following open ventral hernia repair (OVHR) using a large, heterogeneous database to determine the incidence and identify risk factors for this complication. METHODS Using the 2005-2012 ACS-NSQIP database, patients undergoing open ventral hernia repair were identified by CPT codes. Patients with acute kidney injury within 30 days of surgery were compared to controls by multivariate logistic regression across preoperative and intraoperative characteristics. RESULTS Of 48,629 open ventral hernia repair patients identified in the dataset, AKI developed in 1.4% (681 patients). Multivariate logistic regression determined a number of factors associated with AKI. These include WHO Class III obesity (OR = 2.57, p < 0.001), history of cardiovascular disease (OR = 1.81, p < 0.001), diabetes (OR = 1.29, p = 0.028), hypoalbuminemia (OR = 1.42, p = 0.004), and chronic kidney disease (for a baseline GFR of 60-89 mL/min/1.73 m2, OR = 1.62, p = 0.001; for 30-59 mL/min/1.73 m2, OR = 2.25, p < 0.001; for 15-29 mL/min/1.73 m2, OR = 4.96, p < 0.001). Intraoperative factors include prolonged operative time (for ≥1 SD above the mean, OR = 1.68, p = 0.002; for ≥2SD above the mean, OR = 2.76, p < 0.001) and intraoperative transfusion (OR = 2.44, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Patients with a history of obesity, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular history, diabetes, and hypoalbuminemia are at increased risk for AKI when undergoing OVHR. Intraoperative variables such as prolonged operative times and blood transfusions may also suggest increased risk. Preoperative identification of patients with these characteristics and perioperative hemodynamic stabilization are important first steps to minimize this complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- C U Chung
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - J A Nelson
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - J P Fischer
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - J D Wink
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - J M Serletti
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - S J Kovach
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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Stallings CD, Nelson JA, Rozar KL, Adams CS, Wall KR, Switzer TS, Winner BL, Hollander DJ. Effects of preservation methods of muscle tissue from upper-trophic level reef fishes on stable isotope values (δ (13)C and δ (15)N). PeerJ 2015; 3:e874. [PMID: 25834776 PMCID: PMC4380155 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Research that uses stable isotope analysis often involves a delay between sample collection in the field and laboratory processing, therefore requiring preservation to prevent or reduce tissue degradation and associated isotopic compositions. Although there is a growing literature describing the effects of various preservation techniques, the results are often contextual, unpredictable and vary among taxa, suggesting the need to treat each species individually. We conducted a controlled experiment to test the effects of four preservation methods of muscle tissue from four species of upper trophic-level reef fish collected from the eastern Gulf of Mexico (Red Grouper Epinephelus morio, Gag Mycteroperca microlepis, Scamp Mycteroperca phenax, and Red Snapper Lutjanus campechanus). We used a paired design to measure the effects on isotopic values for carbon and nitrogen after storage using ice, 95% ethanol, and sodium chloride (table salt), against that in a liquid nitrogen control. Mean offsets for both δ13C and δ15N values from controls were lowest for samples preserved on ice, intermediate for those preserved with salt, and highest with ethanol. Within species, both salt and ethanol significantly enriched the δ15N values in nearly all comparisons. Ethanol also had strong effects on the δ13C values in all three groupers. Conversely, for samples preserved on ice, we did not detect a significant offset in either isotopic ratio for any of the focal species. Previous studies have addressed preservation-induced offsets in isotope values using a mass balance correction that accounts for changes in the isotope value to that in the C/N ratio. We tested the application of standard mass balance corrections for isotope values that were significantly affected by the preservation methods and found generally poor agreement between corrected and control values. The poor performance by the correction may have been due to preferential loss of lighter isotopes and corresponding low levels of mass loss with a substantial change in the isotope value of the sample. Regardless of mechanism, it was evident that accounting for offsets caused by different preservation methods was not possible using the standard correction. Caution is warranted when interpreting the results from specimens stored in either ethanol or salt, especially when using those from multiple preservation techniques. We suggest the use of ice as the preferred preservation technique for muscle tissue when conducting stable isotope analysis as it is widely available, inexpensive, easy to transport and did not impart a significant offset in measured isotopic values. Our results provide additional evidence that preservation effects on stable isotope analysis can be highly contextual, thus requiring their effects to be measured and understood for each species and isotopic ratio of interest before addressing research questions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James A Nelson
- Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory , Woods Hole, MA , USA
| | - Katherine L Rozar
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida , St. Petersburg, FL , USA
| | - Charles S Adams
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida , St. Petersburg, FL , USA
| | - Kara R Wall
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida , St. Petersburg, FL , USA
| | - Theodore S Switzer
- Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute , St. Petersburg, FL , USA
| | - Brent L Winner
- Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute , St. Petersburg, FL , USA
| | - David J Hollander
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida , St. Petersburg, FL , USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D. Stallings
- Coastal and Marine Laboratory, Florida State University, St. Teresa, Florida 32358 USA
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, Florida 33701 USA
| | - Alejandra Mickle
- Coastal and Marine Laboratory, Florida State University, St. Teresa, Florida 32358 USA
- Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306 USA
| | - James A. Nelson
- Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306 USA
- Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 USA
| | - Michael G. McManus
- The Nature Conservancy, Tallahassee, Florida 32301 USA
- Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268 USA
| | - Christopher C. Koenig
- Coastal and Marine Laboratory, Florida State University, St. Teresa, Florida 32358 USA
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Abstract
Several taxonomically disparate groups of fishes have evolved the ability to extract oxygen from the air with elements of their gut. Despite perceived difficulties with balancing digestive and respiratory function, gut air breathing (GAB) has evolved multiple times in fishes and several GAB families are among the most successful fish families in terms of species numbers. When gut segments evolve into an air-breathing organ (ABO), there is generally a specialized region for exchange of gases where the gut wall has diminished, vascularization has increased, capillaries have penetrated into the luminal epithelium and surfactant is produced. This specialized region is generally separated from digestive portions of the gut by sphincters. GAB fishes tend to be facultative air breathers that use air breathing to supplement aquatic respiration in hypoxic waters. Some hindgut breathers may be continuous, but not obligate air breathers (obligate air breathers drown if denied access to air). Gut ABOs are generally used only for oxygen uptake; CO₂ elimination seems to occur via the gills and skin in all GAB fishes studied. Aerial ventilation in GAB fishes is driven primarily by oxygen partial pressure of the water (PO₂) and possibly also by metabolic demand. The effect of aerial ventilation on branchial ventilation and the cardiovascular system is complex and generalizations across taxa or ABO type are not currently possible. Blood from GAB fishes generally has a low blood oxygen partial pressure that half saturates haemoglobin (p50) with a very low erythrocytic nucleoside triphosphate concentration [NTP]. GAB behaviour in nature depends on the social and ecological context of the animal as well as on physiological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Nelson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252-0001, U.S.A
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Brown RA, Nelson JA. The History and Mathematics of the N-Localizer for Stereotactic Neurosurgery. Cureus 2014. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Brown RA, Nelson JA. The Origin of the N-Localizer for Stereotactic Neurosurgery. Cureus 2013. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Brown RA, Nelson JA. Invention of the N-localizer for stereotactic neurosurgery and its use in the Brown-Roberts-Wells stereotactic frame. Neurosurgery 2013; 70:173-6. [PMID: 22186842 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0b013e318246a4f7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The N-localizer, which facilitates computed tomography-guided stereotactic surgery, was invented in the late 1970s by a medical student who built a prototype stereotactic frame to test the concept. Initial experiments using the prototype frame were soon followed by surgery in humans using the Brown-Roberts-Wells stereotactic frame.
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Nelson JA. Compartment pressure measurements have poor specificity for compartment syndrome in the traumatized limb. J Emerg Med 2013; 44:1039-44. [PMID: 23321294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2012.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osseofascial compartment syndrome is defined by ischemic necrosis of muscle caused by elevated pressure within fascial compartments. The diagnosis can be made either clinically or through compartment pressure measurements. Compartment pressure above 30 mm Hg was traditionally used as the threshold for diagnosis of compartment syndrome, but was challenged due to a high number of false-positive results. Perfusion pressure (diastolic blood pressure - compartment pressure) <30 mm Hg came to be promoted as a confirmatory diagnostic test. OBJECTIVE The objective of this article is to review the specificity of perfusion pressure for compartment syndrome in the acutely traumatized limb. DISCUSSION Perfusion pressure has been shown to generate false-positive results in 18-84% of patients with tibial fractures. Two studies showed that not a single patient with measurements qualifying for fasciotomy actually needed the procedure. CONCLUSION Both absolute compartment pressure and tissue perfusion pressure generate a high rate of false-positive results in the acutely traumatized limb. An alternative diagnostic test or process is needed to prevent overtreatment. In the meantime, emergency medicine and orthopedic surgery textbooks and guidelines should promote awareness of the limitations of the test.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Nelson
- Emergency Department, Pioneers Memorial Hospital, Brawley, California, USA
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Brown RA, Nelson JA. Validation in humans for the Brown-Roberts-Wells and Cosman-Roberts-Wells stereotactic frames. Neurosurgery 2012; 72:E143. [PMID: 23037823 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0b013e318275083c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The patient with epidural hematoma and cerebral herniation has a good prognosis with immediate drainage, but a poor prognosis with delay to decompression. Such patients who present to nonneurosurgical hospitals are commonly transferred without drainage to the nearest neurosurgical center. This practice has never been demonstrated to be the safest approach to treating these patients. A significant minority of emergency physicians (EPs) have advised and taught bedside burr hole drainage or skull trephination before transfer for herniating patients. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of nonneurosurgeon drainage on neurologic outcome in patients with cerebral herniation from epidural hematoma. METHODS A structured literature review was performed using EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and the Emergency Medicine Abstracts database. RESULTS No evidence meeting methodologic criteria was found describing outcomes in patients transferred without decompressive procedures. For patients receiving local drainage before transfer, 100% had favorable outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Although the total number of patients is small and the population highly selected, the natural history of cerebral herniation from epidural hematoma and the best available evidence suggests that herniating patients have improved outcomes with drainage procedures before transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Nelson
- Emergency Department, Pioneers Memorial Hospital, Brawley, CA, USA.
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Abstract
Pigeons were trained to respond to two stimuli on the wavelength continuum, 550 nm and 570 nm, each correlated with an independent schedule of reinforcement. The multiple schedule component in effect during 550 nm (S1) was always a variable-interval 1-min. During the 570-nm stimulus (S2) the second component of the schedule was either variable-interval 30-sec, 1-min, 2-min, 5-min, or extinction for different groups of birds. Generalization gradients were obtained after this training, with the following results: (1) response rate to S1 during training was related to the reinforcement frequency associated with S2; the distribution of responding during generalization testing was a function of the schedules of reinforcement used during training and the response rates they produced. Decreases in the relative frequency of reinforcement correlated with S2 resulted in increases in the distribution shift of responses away from S2 during generalization testing.
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Vomaske J, Nelson JA, Streblow DN. Human Cytomegalovirus US28: a functionally selective chemokine binding receptor. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2010; 9:548-56. [PMID: 19594424 DOI: 10.2174/187152609789105696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2009] [Accepted: 03/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines are small cytokines that are part of a large family of molecules that bind to G-protein coupled receptors, which, as a family, are the most widely targeted group of molecules in the treatment of disease. Chemokines are critical for recruiting and activating the cells of the immune system during inflammation especially during viral infections. However, a number of viruses including the large herpes virus human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encode mechanisms to impede the effects of chemokines or has gained the ability to use these molecules to its own advantage. The Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-encoded chemokine receptor US28 is the best characterized of the four unique chemokine receptor-like molecules found in the HCMV genome. US28 has been studied as an important virulence factor for HCMV-mediated vascular disease and, more recently, in models of HCMV-associated malignancy. US28 is a rare multi-chemokine family binding receptor with the ability to bind ligands from two distinct chemokine classes. Ligand binding to US28 activates cell-type and ligand-specific signaling pathways leading to cellular migration, which is an important example of receptor functional selectivity. Additionally, US28 has been demonstrated to constitutively activate phospholipase C (PLC) and NF-kB signaling pathways. Understanding the structure/function relationships between US28, its ligands and intracellular signaling molecules will provide essential clues for effective pharmacological targeting of this multifunctional chemokine receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Vomaske
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and The Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
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Marras S, Claireaux G, McKenzie DJ, Nelson JA. Individual variation and repeatability in aerobic and anaerobic swimming performance of European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 213:26-32. [PMID: 20008358 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.032136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Studies of inter-individual variation in fish swimming performance may provide insight into how selection has influenced diversity in phenotypic traits. We investigated individual variation and short-term repeatability of individual swimming performance by wild European sea bass in a constant acceleration test (CAT). Fish were challenged with four consecutive CATs with 5 min rest between trials. We measured maximum anaerobic speed at exhaustion (U(CAT)), gait transition speed from steady aerobic to unsteady anaerobic swimming (U(gt)), routine metabolic rate (RMR), post-CAT maximum metabolic rate (MMR), aerobic scope and recovery time from the CATs. Fish achieved significantly higher speeds during the first CAT (U(CAT)=170 cm s(-1)), and had much more inter-individual variation in performance (coefficient of variation, CV=18.43%) than in the subsequent three tests (U(CAT)=134 cm s(-1); CV=7.3%), which were very repeatable among individuals. The individual variation in U(CAT) in the first trial could be accounted for almost exclusively by variation in anaerobic burst-and-coast performance beyond U(gt). The U(gt) itself varied substantially between individuals (CV=11.4%), but was significantly repeatable across all four trials. Individual RMR and MMR varied considerably, but the rank order of post-CAT MMR was highly repeatable. Recovery rate from the four CATs was highly variable and correlated positively with the first U(CAT) (longer recovery for higher speeds) but negatively with RMR and aerobic scope (shorter recovery for higher RMR and aerobic scope). This large variation in individual performance coupled with the strong correlations between some of the studied variables may reflect divergent selection favouring alternative strategies for foraging and avoiding predation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Marras
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, UMR 5554 CNRS-Université de Montpellier 2, Station Méditerranéenne de l'Environnement Littoral, 1 Quai de La Daurade, F-34200 Sète, France.
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Nelson JA, Viirre E. The clinical differentiation of cerebellar infarction from common vertigo syndromes. West J Emerg Med 2009; 10:273-7. [PMID: 20046249 PMCID: PMC2791733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2008] [Revised: 03/31/2009] [Accepted: 06/01/2009] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This article summarizes the emergency department approach to diagnosing cerebellar infarction in the patient presenting with vertigo. Vertigo is defined and identification of a vertigo syndrome is discussed. The differentiation of common vertigo syndromes such as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Meniere's disease, migrainous vertigo, and vestibular neuritis is summarized. Confirmation of a peripheral vertigo syndrome substantially lowers the likelihood of cerebellar infarction, as do indicators of a peripheral disorder such as an abnormal head impulse test. Approximately 10% of patients with cerebellar infarction present with vertigo and no localizing neurologic deficits. The majority of these may have other signs of central vertigo, specifically direction-changing nystagmus and severe ataxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A. Nelson
- University of California at San Diego, Department of Emergency Medicine,Address for Correspondence: James A. Nelson, MD, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 200 W Arbor Drive, San Diego, CA 92103. Email
| | - Erik Viirre
- University of California at San Diego, Department of Surgery, Division of Head and Neck Surgery
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Nelson JA, Loredo JS, Acosta JA. The obesity-hypoventilation syndrome and respiratory failure in the acute trauma patient. J Emerg Med 2008; 40:e67-9. [PMID: 18757156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2007.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2007] [Accepted: 12/20/2007] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Emergency Department experience, for many patients, involves procedures and therapies that can compromise ventilation. In the acute trauma patient, these include spinal immobilization, supine positioning, and the administration of sedative and analgesic medications. Patients with the obesity-hypoventilation syndrome have a syndrome distinct from mere obesity, and are more sensitive to these insults. OBJECTIVE To describe a case of respiratory failure in a patient with the obesity-hypoventilation syndrome resulting from injuries and therapies that in any other patient would not be expected to cause respiratory failure. CASE REPORT A 59-year-old woman suffered a mechanical fall, fractured her T6 vertebral body and right proximal humerus, and, after spinal immobilization and the administration of routine doses of opioid analgesics, suffered significant hypoxemia and respiratory acidosis. Reversal agents were ineffective, but non-invasive mechanical ventilation restored adequate respiration. CONCLUSION Although obesity-hypoventilation syndrome occurs in only a minority of morbidly obese patients, it is important because the consequences of respiratory failure can be severe if not recognized and anticipated. Such patients will not be able to adequately increase ventilation in response to mounting hypercapnia. The condition is easily addressed through non-invasive ventilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Nelson
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Diego Medical Center, San Diego, California 92103, USA
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