1
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Healey AL, Garsmeur O, Lovell JT, Shengquiang S, Sreedasyam A, Jenkins J, Plott CB, Piperidis N, Pompidor N, Llaca V, Metcalfe CJ, Doležel J, Cápal P, Carlson JW, Hoarau JY, Hervouet C, Zini C, Dievart A, Lipzen A, Williams M, Boston LB, Webber J, Keymanesh K, Tejomurthula S, Rajasekar S, Suchecki R, Furtado A, May G, Parakkal P, Simmons BA, Barry K, Henry RJ, Grimwood J, Aitken KS, Schmutz J, D'Hont A. The complex polyploid genome architecture of sugarcane. Nature 2024; 628:804-810. [PMID: 38538783 PMCID: PMC11041754 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07231-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Sugarcane, the world's most harvested crop by tonnage, has shaped global history, trade and geopolitics, and is currently responsible for 80% of sugar production worldwide1. While traditional sugarcane breeding methods have effectively generated cultivars adapted to new environments and pathogens, sugar yield improvements have recently plateaued2. The cessation of yield gains may be due to limited genetic diversity within breeding populations, long breeding cycles and the complexity of its genome, the latter preventing breeders from taking advantage of the recent explosion of whole-genome sequencing that has benefited many other crops. Thus, modern sugarcane hybrids are the last remaining major crop without a reference-quality genome. Here we take a major step towards advancing sugarcane biotechnology by generating a polyploid reference genome for R570, a typical modern cultivar derived from interspecific hybridization between the domesticated species (Saccharum officinarum) and the wild species (Saccharum spontaneum). In contrast to the existing single haplotype ('monoploid') representation of R570, our 8.7 billion base assembly contains a complete representation of unique DNA sequences across the approximately 12 chromosome copies in this polyploid genome. Using this highly contiguous genome assembly, we filled a previously unsized gap within an R570 physical genetic map to describe the likely causal genes underlying the single-copy Bru1 brown rust resistance locus. This polyploid genome assembly with fine-grain descriptions of genome architecture and molecular targets for biotechnology will help accelerate molecular and transgenic breeding and adaptation of sugarcane to future environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Healey
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA.
| | - O Garsmeur
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - J T Lovell
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - S Shengquiang
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - A Sreedasyam
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - J Jenkins
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - C B Plott
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - N Piperidis
- Sugar Research Australia, Te Kowai, Queensland, Australia
| | - N Pompidor
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - V Llaca
- Corteva Agriscience, Johnston, IA, USA
| | - C J Metcalfe
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - J Doležel
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - P Cápal
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - J W Carlson
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - J Y Hoarau
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
- ERCANE, Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | - C Hervouet
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - C Zini
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - A Dievart
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - A Lipzen
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - M Williams
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - L B Boston
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - J Webber
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - K Keymanesh
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - S Tejomurthula
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - S Rajasekar
- Arizona Genomics Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - R Suchecki
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Urrbrae, South Australia, Australia
| | - A Furtado
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - G May
- Corteva Agriscience, Johnston, IA, USA
| | | | - B A Simmons
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
| | - K Barry
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - R J Henry
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - J Grimwood
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - K S Aitken
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - J Schmutz
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA.
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - A D'Hont
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France.
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France.
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2
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Inda-Webb ME, Jimenez M, Liu Q, Phan NV, Ahn J, Steiger C, Wentworth A, Riaz A, Zirtiloglu T, Wong K, Ishida K, Fabian N, Jenkins J, Kuosmanen J, Madani W, McNally R, Lai Y, Hayward A, Mimee M, Nadeau P, Chandrakasan AP, Traverso G, Yazicigil RT, Lu TK. Sub-1.4 cm 3 capsule for detecting labile inflammatory biomarkers in situ. Nature 2023; 620:386-392. [PMID: 37495692 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06369-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Transient molecules in the gastrointestinal tract such as nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide are key signals and mediators of inflammation. Owing to their highly reactive nature and extremely short lifetime in the body, these molecules are difficult to detect. Here we develop a miniaturized device that integrates genetically engineered probiotic biosensors with a custom-designed photodetector and readout chip to track these molecules in the gastrointestinal tract. Leveraging the molecular specificity of living sensors1, we genetically encoded bacteria to respond to inflammation-associated molecules by producing luminescence. Low-power electronic readout circuits2 integrated into the device convert the light emitted by the encapsulated bacteria to a wireless signal. We demonstrate in vivo biosensor monitoring in the gastrointestinal tract of small and large animal models and the integration of all components into a sub-1.4 cm3 form factor that is compatible with ingestion and capable of supporting wireless communication. With this device, diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease could be diagnosed earlier than is currently possible, and disease progression could be more accurately tracked. The wireless detection of short-lived, disease-associated molecules with our device could also support timely communication between patients and caregivers, as well as remote personalized care.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Inda-Webb
- Synthetic Biology Group, MIT Synthetic Biology Center, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - M Jimenez
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Q Liu
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N V Phan
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - J Ahn
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - C Steiger
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Wentworth
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Riaz
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T Zirtiloglu
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K Wong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K Ishida
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N Fabian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Comparative Medicine, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - J Jenkins
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - J Kuosmanen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - W Madani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R McNally
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Y Lai
- Synthetic Biology Group, MIT Synthetic Biology Center, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - A Hayward
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Comparative Medicine, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - M Mimee
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Division and Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - A P Chandrakasan
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - G Traverso
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - R T Yazicigil
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - T K Lu
- Synthetic Biology Group, MIT Synthetic Biology Center, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Senti Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
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3
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Sukhanov S, Higashi Y, Yoshida T, Danchuk S, Alfortish M, Goodchild T, Scarboroogh A, Sharp T, Schumacher J, Sindi F, Bowles D, Ivy J, Tharp D, Rozenbaum Z, Jenkins J, Garcia D, Lefer D, Kolls J, Delafontaine P. Insulin-like growth factor I reduces human-like coronary atherosclerosis. Am J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9629(23)00012-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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4
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Mesch S, Walter D, Laux-Biehlmann A, Basting D, Flanagan S, Miyatake Ondozabal H, Bäurle S, Pearson C, Jenkins J, Elves P, Hess S, Coelho AM, Rotgeri A, Bothe U, Nawaz S, Zollner TM, Steinmeyer A. Discovery of BAY-390, a Selective CNS Penetrant Chemical Probe as Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) Antagonist. J Med Chem 2023; 66:1583-1600. [PMID: 36622903 PMCID: PMC9884088 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is a voltage-dependent, ligand-gated ion channel, and activation thereof is linked to a variety of painful conditions. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the role of TRPA1 receptors in a broad range of animal models of acute, inflammatory, and neuropathic pain. In addition, a clinical study using the TRPA1 antagonist GRC-17536 (Glenmark Pharmaceuticals) demonstrated efficacy in a subgroup of patients with painful diabetic neuropathy. Consequently, there is an increasing interest in TRPA1 inhibitors as potential analgesics. Herein, we report the identification of a fragment-like hit from a high-throughput screening (HTS) campaign and subsequent optimization to provide a novel and brain-penetrant TRPA1 inhibitor (compound 18, BAY-390), which is now being made available to the research community as an open-source in vivo probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Mesch
- Pharmaceutical
R&D, Drug Discovery, Medicinal Chemistry, Bayer AG, Müllerstr. 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daryl Walter
- Discovery
Chemistry, Evotec UK, 114 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RZ, U.K.
| | - Alexis Laux-Biehlmann
- Exploratory
Pathobiology, RED preMED, R&D, Bayer
AG, Aprather Weg 18a, 42113 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Daniel Basting
- Pharmaceutical
R&D, Drug Discovery, Lead Identification and Characterization, Bayer AG, Aprather Weg 18a, 42113 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Stuart Flanagan
- Discovery
Chemistry, Evotec UK, 114 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RZ, U.K.
| | - Hideki Miyatake Ondozabal
- Pharmaceutical
R&D, Drug Discovery, Medicinal Chemistry, Bayer AG, Müllerstr. 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Bäurle
- Pharmaceutical
R&D, Drug Discovery, Medicinal Chemistry, Bayer AG, Müllerstr. 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christopher Pearson
- Discovery
Chemistry, Evotec UK, 114 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RZ, U.K.
| | - James Jenkins
- Discovery
Chemistry, Evotec UK, 114 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RZ, U.K.
| | - Philip Elves
- Discovery
Chemistry, Evotec UK, 114 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RZ, U.K.
| | - Stephen Hess
- In
Vitro Pharmacology, Evotec SE, Manfred Eigen Campus, Essener Bogen
7, 22419 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anne-Marie Coelho
- In Vivo Pharmacology, Evotec SE, Manfred Eigen Campus, Essener Bogen 7, 22419 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Rotgeri
- Pharmaceutical
R&D, Early Development, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bayer AG, Müllerstr. 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Bothe
- Pharmaceutical
R&D, Drug Discovery, Medicinal Chemistry, Bayer AG, Müllerstr. 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Schanila Nawaz
- In Vivo Pharmacology, Evotec SE, Manfred Eigen Campus, Essener Bogen 7, 22419 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas M. Zollner
- Pharmaceutical
R&D, Preclinical Research, Therapeutic Area Endocrinology, Metabolism
and Reproductive Health, Bayer AG, Müllerstr. 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Steinmeyer
- Pharmaceutical
R&D, Drug Discovery, Medicinal Chemistry, Bayer AG, Müllerstr. 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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5
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Cameo T, Jenkins J, Okuagu C, Huang R, Biest S, Ross W, Bardawil E. Transition to Universal Same Day Discharge (SDD) in Times of Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID): A Success Story. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2022.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Keir M, Tarr C, McFadden C, Durupt G, Newman L, Sullivan J, Balon Y, Prieur T, Patton D, Jenkins J, Alvarez N, Colbert J, Guron N, Reynolds S, Myers K. DETERMINING RESEARCH PRIORITIES WITH TEEN AND ADULT CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE PATIENTS: A MIXED METHODS STUDY. Can J Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2022.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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7
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Haymet AB, Pinto N, Peden S, Cohen T, Vallely MP, McGiffin D, Naidoo R, Jenkins J, Suen JY, Fraser JF. Current intraoperative storage and handling practices of autologous bypass conduit: A survey of the royal australasian college of surgeons. Front Surg 2022; 9:956177. [PMID: 36090334 PMCID: PMC9458927 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.956177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
During bypass surgery for peripheral arterial occlusive disease and ischaemic heart disease, autologous graft conduit including great saphenous veins and radial arteries are frequently stored in solution. Endothelial damage adversely affects the performance and patency of autologous bypass grafts, and intraoperative graft storage solutions have been shown to influence this process. The distribution of storage solutions currently used amongst Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgeons from Australia and New Zealand is not well defined in the literature. The aim of this study was to determine current practices regarding autologous graft storage and handling amongst this cohort of surgeons, and discuss their potential relevance in the context of early graft failure. From this survey, the most frequently used storage solutions were heparinized saline for great saphenous veins, and pH-buffered solutions for radial arteries. Duration of storage was 30–45 min for almost half of respondents, although responses to this question were limited. Further research is required to investigate whether ischaemic endothelial injury generates a prothrombotic state, whether different storage media can alter this state, and whether this is directly associated with clinical outcomes of interest such as early graft failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- AB Haymet
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Correspondence: Andrew B Haymet
| | - N Pinto
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Herston Biofabrication Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - S Peden
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - T Cohen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - MP Vallely
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mount Sinai Morningside/Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - D McGiffin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R Naidoo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, QLD, Australia
| | - J Jenkins
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Herston Biofabrication Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - JY Suen
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - JF Fraser
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
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8
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McSweeney L, Arnott B, Jones A, Cain G, Jenkins J, Andras A, Adamson A. Challenges and opportunities of remote public involvement and community engagement during a pandemic: refining the MapMe childhood healthy weight intervention. Perspect Public Health 2022; 142:224-230. [PMID: 35766321 PMCID: PMC9284084 DOI: 10.1177/17579139221110015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Including parents and other stakeholders in the development of interventions to address the sensitive public health issues such as childhood obesity, through public involvement is critical. However, the Covid-19 pandemic has created a challenge for public involvement and engagement activities (PICE). The aim of this paper is to describe the process and challenges of setting up, maintaining, evaluating, and recording impact of three public and stakeholder groups via remote methods in the context of the MapMe2 study during the Covid-19 pandemic. Parental reaction to result letters received as part of the National Child Measurement Programme (NCMP) informing parents of their child's overweight status is often one of hostility or disbelief. As a result, parents often do not act on these letters to address child overweight. The MapMe2 study is working in collaboration with the NCMP and local authorities, building on previous work (MapMe) and aims to support parents of primary school-aged children to recognise and maintain a healthy weight in their child. The existing MapMe Intervention includes an enhanced NCMP child weight result letter, supplemented with Body Image Scales (BIS), and an intervention website with material to support healthy eating, physical activity, and signposting supporting information. The intervention was to be refined and the evaluation informed with PICE input. METHODS Covid-19 restrictions meant that planned face-to-face PICE methods had to be altered with all recruitment, all correspondence, and activities taking place remotely. A Parent Involvement Panel (PIP), a child panel, and an expert panel were established. Several adaptations were made to accommodate a new way of involving the public in research. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS Working remotely created many challenges and was a learning experience for all involved. However, an active group was successfully established. Using continuous assessment and evaluation methods, we were able to demonstrate successful involvement and engagement in the refinement of the MapMe2 study. Through the sharing of PICE methods practice, this paper adds to the literature, the value of partnership working.
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Affiliation(s)
- L McSweeney
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - B Arnott
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - A Jones
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - G Cain
- Public and Involvement Group Parent Representative
| | - J Jenkins
- Public and Involvement Group Parent Representative
| | - A Andras
- Public and Involvement Group Parent Representative
| | - A Adamson
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Jenkins J, Worrall L, Strynadka N. Recent structural advances towards understanding of the bacterial type III secretion injectisome. Trends Biochem Sci 2022; 47:795-809. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2022.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Mantha Y, Shrestha R, Jenkins J, Agoston I, Prasad A. ATYPICAL CHEST PAIN: ANOMALOUS ORIGIN OF LEFT CIRCUMFLEX AND LEFT ANTERIOR DESCENDING ARTERIES FROM THE RIGHT. J Am Coll Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(22)03817-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Golledge J, Velu R, Quigley F, Jenkins J, Singh T. Cohort Study Examining the Association Between Abdominal Aortic Size and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Aortic and Peripheral Occlusive and Aneurysmal Disease. J Vasc Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2021.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Jenkins J, Foy C, Davenport K. A comparison of surgical practice and operative outcomes between retroperitoneal and transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomies – 6 years of data from the BAUS Nephrectomy database. Journal of Clinical Urology 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/20514158211050008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: While the choice of surgical approach for laparoscopic nephrectomy is broadly split between transperitoneal and retroperitoneal options, the evidence for the impact of this decision on perioperative outcomes is built on relatively small volume data, with often inconsistent findings and conclusions. We aimed to assess the impact of operative approach on perioperative outcomes for laparoscopic radical, partial and simple nephrectomy and nephroureterectomy through analysis of the British Association of Urological Surgeons (BAUS) Nephrectomy database. Patients and methods: All patients added to the BAUS Nephrectomy database with laparoscopic surgery between 2012 and 2017 inclusively were included and subdivided by operation and surgical approach. Preoperative patient and tumour characteristics, as well as intraoperative and post-operative short-term outcomes, were assessed. Results: Overall, 26,682 operations were documented over the review window (81.6% transperitoneal). Small increases in blood loss ( p = 0.001), transfusion rate ( p = 0.02) and operative length ( p = 0.01) were seen for transperitoneal radical nephrectomies and longer hospital stays seen for retroperitoneal procedures (radical nephrectomy p = 0.00l; partial nephrectomy p = 0.04). Retroperitoneal procedures were associated with increased rates of conversion for simple nephrectomy ( p = 0.02), nephroureterectomy ( p = 0.03) and most notably partial nephrectomy (10.5% versus 4.4%; p = 0.001). No further variation in intraoperative complications, post-operative complications, tumour margin positivity rates, unintended ITU admission, or likelihood of death was identified related to surgical approach. Conclusion: Observed variations in perioperative outcomes were generally modest in nature, and little ground is seen to support a change in operative technique for those committed to one approach. A caveat to this exists with open conversion for retroperitoneal partial nephrectomies and requires careful consideration of patient selection by the individual surgeon. Level of evidence: 4
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Affiliation(s)
- James Jenkins
- Urology Department, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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13
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Singh R, Jenkins J, Davis J, Vargo J, Sharma S. Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS) for Spinal Metastatic Disease: Outcomes From the RSSearch Patient Registry. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.1332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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Ishak MI, Jenkins J, Kulkarni S, Keller TF, Briscoe WH, Nobbs AH, Su B. Insights into complex nanopillar-bacteria interactions: Roles of nanotopography and bacterial surface proteins. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 604:91-103. [PMID: 34265695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.06.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanopillared surfaces have emerged as a promising strategy to combat bacterial infections on medical devices. However, the mechanisms that underpin nanopillar-induced rupture of the bacterial cell membrane remain speculative. In this study, we have tested three medically relevant poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) nanopillared-surfaces with well-defined nanotopographies against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) and contact mechanics analysis were utilised to understand the nanobiophysical response of the bacterial cell envelope to a single nanopillar. Given their importance to bacterial adhesion, the contribution of bacterial surface proteins to nanotopography-mediated cell envelope damage was also investigated. We found that, whilst cell envelope deformation was affected by the nanopillar tip diameter, the nanopillar density affected bacterial metabolic activities. Moreover, three different types of bacterial cell envelope deformation were observed upon contact of bacteria with the nanopillared surfaces. These were attributed to bacterial responses to cell wall stresses resulting from the high intrinsic pressure caused by the engagement of nanopillars by bacterial surface proteins. Such influences of bacterial surface proteins on the antibacterial action of nanopillars have not been previously reported. Our findings will be valuable to the improved design and fabrication of effective antibacterial surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd I Ishak
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK; School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK; Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis, Malaysia
| | - J Jenkins
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
| | - S Kulkarni
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - T F Keller
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany; Physics Department, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wuge H Briscoe
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Angela H Nobbs
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
| | - Bo Su
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK.
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15
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Singh TP, Moxon JV, Iyer V, Gasser TC, Jenkins J, Golledge J. Comparison of peak wall stress and peak wall rupture index in ruptured and asymptomatic intact abdominal aortic aneurysms. Br J Surg 2021; 108:652-658. [PMID: 34157087 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that finite element analysis (FEA) can estimate the rupture risk of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA); however, the value of biomechanical estimates over measurement of AAA diameter alone remains unclear. This study aimed to compare peak wall stress (PWS) and peak wall rupture index (PWRI) in participants with ruptured and asymptomatic intact AAAs. METHODS The reproducibility of semiautomated methods for estimating aortic PWS and PWRI from CT images was assessed. PWS and PWRI were estimated in people with ruptured AAAs and those with asymptomatic intact AAAs matched by orthogonal diameter on a 1 : 2 basis. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to assess the association between PWS or PWRI and AAA diameter. Independent associations between PWS or PWRI and AAA rupture were identified by means of logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Twenty individuals were included in the analysis of reproducibility. The main analysis included 50 patients with an intact AAA and 25 with a ruptured AAA. Median orthogonal diameter was similar in ruptured and intact AAAs (82·3 (i.q.r. 73·5-92·0) versus 81·0 (73·2-92·4) mm respectively; P = 0·906). Median PWS values were 286·8 (220·2-329·6) and 245·8 (215·2-302·3) kPa respectively (P = 0·192). There was no significant difference in PWRI between the two groups (P = 0·982). PWS and PWRI correlated positively with orthogonal diameter (both P < 0·001). Participants with high PWS, but not PWRI, were more likely to have a ruptured AAA after adjusting for potential confounders (odds ratio 5·84, 95 per cent c.i. 1·22 to 27·95; P = 0·027). This association was not maintained in all sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSION High aortic PWS had an inconsistent association with greater odds of aneurysm rupture in patients with a large AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Singh
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, Townsville, Australia
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Townsville University Hospital, Townsville, Australia
| | - J V Moxon
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, Townsville, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - V Iyer
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, Townsville, Australia
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Townsville University Hospital, Townsville, Australia
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - T C Gasser
- KTH Solid Mechanics, Department of Engineering Mechanics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Jenkins
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - J Golledge
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, Townsville, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Townsville University Hospital, Townsville, Australia
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Hodge S, Pattabathula K, Jenkins J, Ogg M. 293 Enhancing Your Recovery: A Mobile Application for Patients Undergoing Vascular Surgery. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab134.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim:
With increasing demands on the healthcare system, a central (and currently essential) push for remote consultations, and an increasing number of co morbidities in the surgical population, the aim was to create an application that placed the focus on pre-hospital optimisation, education and autonomy – addressing these sector trends to enhance outcomes for patients and ease the burden on healthcare settings.
Method
After obtaining baseline data, I worked alongside students from the Queensland University of Technology to produce an application suitable for both iOS and android platforms.
Results
The application has four facets which mirror a patient’s journey from their initial outpatient appointment through to recovery. The application is easy to use, free to download and readily accessible. On opening the application, the user can select their planned operation and navigate along a personalised decision tree.
Conclusions
The application has been designed to educate and empower a patient to become an active participant in their care, leading to long-term changes in healthcare. Assessment is ongoing but early indications suggest that this will be a valuable tool in optimising outcomes for patients undergoing vascular surgery – leading to fewer post-operative complications and earlier restoration of functional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hodge
- Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - K Pattabathula
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - J Jenkins
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - M Ogg
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
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Sukhanov S, Higashi Y, Danchuk S, Nikolli I, Alfortish M, Goodchild T, Scarborough A, Sharp T, Jenkins J, Garcia D, Schumacher J, Ivey J, Tharp D, Bowles D, Lefer D, Delafontaine P. Insulin‐like growth factor I reduces atherosclerosis in Rapacz pigs. FASEB J 2021. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.02068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ina Nikolli
- Tulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLA
| | | | - Traci Goodchild
- Louisiana State University Cardiovascular Center of ExcellenceNew OrleansLA
| | - Amy Scarborough
- Louisiana State University Cardiovascular Center of ExcellenceNew OrleansLA
| | - Thomas Sharp
- Louisiana State University Cardiovascular Center of ExcellenceNew OrleansLA
| | | | | | | | - Jan Ivey
- University of Missouri at ColumbiaColumbiaMO
| | - Darla Tharp
- University of Missouri at ColumbiaColumbiaMO
| | | | - David Lefer
- Louisiana State University Cardiovascular Center of ExcellenceNew OrleansLA
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18
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Jenkins J, Berzi D. Analytical solutions for dense, inclined, granular flow over a rigid, bumpy base. EPJ Web Conf 2021. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202124903039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We first phrase a boundary-value problem for a dense, steady, fully-developed, gravitational flow of identical inelastic spheres over in inclined bumpy base in the absence of sidewalls. We then obtain approximate analytical solutions for the profiles of the solid volume fraction, the strength of the velocity fluctuations, and the mean velocity of the flow. We compare these with those obtained in numerical solutions of the exact equations.
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Dave RV, Cheung S, Sibbering M, Kearins O, Jenkins J, Gandhi A. Residual lymph node tumour burden following removal of a single axillary sentinel lymph with macrometastatic disease in women with screen-detected invasive breast cancer. BJS Open 2020; 5:6024956. [PMID: 33688940 PMCID: PMC7944503 DOI: 10.1093/bjsopen/zraa022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Women with screen-detected invasive breast cancer who have macrometastatic disease on axillary sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) are usually offered either surgical axillary node clearance (ANC) or axillary radiotherapy. These treatments can lead to significant complications for patients. The aim of this study was to identify a group of patients who may not require completion ANC. Methods Data from the NHS Breast Screening Programme between 1 April 2012 and 31 March 2017 were interrogated to identify women with invasive breast carcinoma and a single sentinel lymph node (SLN) with macrometastatic disease who subsequently proceeded to completion ANC. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to identify patients with a single positive SLN who had no further lymph node metastasis on ANC. Results Of the 2401 women included in the cohort, the presence of non-sentinel node disease was significantly affected by: the number of nodes obtained at SLNB (odds ratio (OR) 0.49 for retrieval of more than 1 node), invasive size of tumour (OR 1.63 for size greater than 20 mm), surgical treatment (OR 1.34 for mastectomy), human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) 2 status (OR 0.71 for HER2 positivity), and patient age (OR 1.10 for age less than 50 years; OR 1.46 for age greater than 70 years). Patients aged less than 70 years, with tumour size smaller than 2 cm, more than one node retrieved on SLNB, and who had breast-conserving surgery had a lower chance of positive non-sentinel nodes on completion ANC compared with other patients. Conclusion This study, of a purely screen-detected breast cancer cohort, identified a subset of patients who may be spared completion ANC in the event of a single axillary SLN with macrometastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R V Dave
- The Nightingale Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - S Cheung
- National Health Service Breast Screening Programme, Public Health England, Birmingham, UK
| | - M Sibbering
- University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, UK
| | - O Kearins
- National Health Service Breast Screening Programme, Public Health England, Birmingham, UK
| | - J Jenkins
- National Health Service Breast Screening Programme, Public Health England, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Gandhi
- The Nightingale Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Gullick G, Mohan V, Gibbs L, Comins C, Braybrooke J, Jenkins J, Bahl A, Caws C. Leptomeningeal Disease in Breast Cancer, Bristol Experience. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2020.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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21
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Jenkins J, Whitworth J, Abushamma F, Kearley S, Keeley F, Mahrous A, Albuheissi S. A review of the accuracy of pre-operative radiological staging to identify locally advanced upper tract transitional cell carcinoma. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)34093-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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22
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Bob-Manuel T, Almusawi H, Rezan T, Khaira H, Akingbola A, Nasir A, Soto JT, Jenkins J, Ibebuogu UN. Efficacy and Safety of Transcarotid Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Systematic Review. Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine 2020; 21:917-926. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2019.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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23
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Jenkins J, Mantell J, Neal C, Gholinia A, Verkade P, Nobbs AH, Su B. Antibacterial effects of nanopillar surfaces are mediated by cell impedance, penetration and induction of oxidative stress. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1626. [PMID: 32242015 PMCID: PMC7118135 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15471-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Some insects, such as dragonflies, have evolved nanoprotrusions on their wings that rupture bacteria on contact. This has inspired the design of antibacterial implant surfaces with insect-wing mimetic nanopillars made of synthetic materials. Here, we characterise the physiological and morphological effects of mimetic titanium nanopillars on bacteria. The nanopillars induce deformation and penetration of the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial cell envelope, but do not rupture or lyse bacteria. They can also inhibit bacterial cell division, and trigger production of reactive oxygen species and increased abundance of oxidative stress proteins. Our results indicate that nanopillars' antibacterial activities may be mediated by oxidative stress, and do not necessarily require bacterial lysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jenkins
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - J Mantell
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - C Neal
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - A Gholinia
- School of Materials Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - P Verkade
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - A H Nobbs
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - B Su
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
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24
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Barton S, Jenkins J, Buckling A, Schaum CE, Smirnoff N, Raven JA, Yvon-Durocher G. Evolutionary temperature compensation of carbon fixation in marine phytoplankton. Ecol Lett 2020; 23:722-733. [PMID: 32059265 PMCID: PMC7078849 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The efficiency of carbon sequestration by the biological pump could decline in the coming decades because respiration tends to increase more with temperature than photosynthesis. Despite these differences in the short‐term temperature sensitivities of photosynthesis and respiration, it remains unknown whether the long‐term impacts of global warming on metabolic rates of phytoplankton can be modulated by evolutionary adaptation. We found that respiration was consistently more temperature dependent than photosynthesis across 18 diverse marine phytoplankton, resulting in universal declines in the rate of carbon fixation with short‐term increases in temperature. Long‐term experimental evolution under high temperature reversed the short‐term stimulation of metabolic rates, resulting in increased rates of carbon fixation. Our findings suggest that thermal adaptation may therefore have an ameliorating impact on the efficiency of phytoplankton as primary mediators of the biological carbon pump.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Barton
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK
| | - James Jenkins
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Angus Buckling
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK
| | - C-Elisa Schaum
- Institute for Hydrobiology and Fisheries, Section Oceanography, Hamburg University, 22767, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicholas Smirnoff
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - John A Raven
- Division of Plant Science, University of Dundee at the James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK.,Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.,School of Biology, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Gabriel Yvon-Durocher
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK
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Voss J, Drake T, Matthews H, Jenkins J, Tang S, Doherty J, Chan K, Dawe H, Thomas T, Kearley S, Manners J, Carter C, Al-Buheissi S, Klatte T. Chest computed tomography for staging renal tumours: validation and simplification of a risk prediction model from a large contemporary retrospective cohort. BJU Int 2020; 125:561-567. [PMID: 31955483 DOI: 10.1111/bju.15001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To externally validate a nomogram recently proposed by Larcher et al. (BJU Int. 2017; 120: 490) and to develop a simplified model with comparable accuracy to guide on the need for staging chest computed tomography (CT) for patients with new renal masses. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analysed the data of 1082 consecutive patients with unilateral enhancing renal masses referred to urology multidisciplinary team meetings at two centres between 2011 and 2017. All patients underwent a staging chest CT at diagnosis. We fitted multivariable logistic regression models and tested the Larcher model performance using area under the receiver-operating curve (AUC), calibration and decision curve analysis. RESULTS Forty-two patients (3.9%) had a positive chest CT. The Larcher nomogram had an AUC of 83.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 77.1-90.6), but was only moderately well calibrated (calibration-in-the-large = -0.61, slope = 0.82). Specifically, the nomogram overestimated the risk of positive chest CT, and the magnitude of miscalibration increased with increasing predicted risks. Using a stepwise backward approach, a new model was developed including tumour size, nodal stage and systemic symptoms. Compared with the Larcher model, the new model had a similar AUC (82.7% [95% CI 75.5-90.0]), but improved calibration and clinical net benefit. The predicted risk of positive chest CT was <1% in the low-risk group and 1.9-79.9% in the high-risk group. CONCLUSION The Larcher nomogram is an accurate prediction tool that was moderately well calibrated with our dataset. However, our simplified model has similar accuracy and uses more objective variables available from referral, so may be easier to incorporate into clinical practice. The low-risk group from our model (tumour size ≤4 cm and no systemic symptoms) had a risk of positive chest CT <1%, suggesting these patients may forego chest CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Voss
- Department of Urology, Royal Bournemouth and Christchurch Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Tamsin Drake
- Department of Urology, Royal Bournemouth and Christchurch Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bournemouth, UK.,Department of Urology, Southmead Hospital - North Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Hannah Matthews
- Department of Urology, Royal Bournemouth and Christchurch Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bournemouth, UK
| | - James Jenkins
- Department of Urology, Southmead Hospital - North Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Stanley Tang
- Department of Urology, Royal Bournemouth and Christchurch Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Joshua Doherty
- Department of Urology, Royal Bournemouth and Christchurch Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Keith Chan
- Department of Urology, Royal Bournemouth and Christchurch Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Harriet Dawe
- Department of Urology, Royal Bournemouth and Christchurch Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Tittu Thomas
- Department of Urology, Royal Bournemouth and Christchurch Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Samantha Kearley
- Department of Urology, Southmead Hospital - North Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - James Manners
- Department of Urology, Royal Bournemouth and Christchurch Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Charles Carter
- Department of Urology, Royal Bournemouth and Christchurch Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Salah Al-Buheissi
- Department of Urology, Southmead Hospital - North Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Tobias Klatte
- Department of Urology, Royal Bournemouth and Christchurch Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bournemouth, UK.,Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Chen C, Skowronski R, Jenkins J, Zomorodi K. Pharmacokinetics, relative bioavailability and food effect of JZP-258 and sodium oxybate: results of two phase 1, open-label, randomised crossover studies in healthy volunteers. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Silbernagel KM, Carver CN, Jechorek RP, Johnson RL, Alejo W, Aleo V, Buresh J, Cagri A, Campbell S, Carson M, Chinault K, Clayborn J, Cook F, Dammann H, Dorn S, Elko B, Farmer D, Farmer R, Gasses T, Greiman L, Guzman C, Hemker M, Hintz C, Jechorek R, Jenkins J, Kexel N, Kildisg J, Knickerbocker J, Kora L, Koziczkowski J, Krieg D, Lal A, Lam L, Lau D, Loftis M, Madewell L, Matisko V, Miele A, Muzzy T, Park J, Peters C, Pickett J, Radermacher S, Romero H, Ross J, Rotten J, Rule P, Ryser E, Satterwhite LK, Schultz A, Shell D, Smith J, Storment E, Ulmer M, Walia J, Whetzel S, Woltman N. Evaluation of VIDAS Listeria monocytogenes II (LMO2) Immunoassay Method for the Detection of Listeria monocytogenes in Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/87.5.1123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A multilaboratory study was conducted to compare the VIDAS®Listeria monocytogenes II (LMO2) immunoassay and the standard cultural methods for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes in foods. Five food types—vanilla ice cream, brie cheese, cooked roast beef, frozen green beans, and frozen tilapia fish—at 3 levels were analyzed by each method. A total of 26 laboratories representing government and industry participated. In this study, 1404 test portions were analyzed of which 1152 were used in the statistical analysis. There were 448 positive by the VIDAS LMO2 assay and 457 positive by the standard culture methods. A χ2 analysis of each of the 5 food types, at the 3 inoculation levels tested, was performed. The resulting χ2 value, 0.36, indicates that overall, there are no statistical differences between the VIDAS LMO2 assay and the standard methods at the 5% level of significance.
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Silbernagel KM, Jechorek RP, Kaufer AL, Johnson RL, Aleo V, Brown B, Buen M, Buresh J, Carson M, Franklin J, Ham P, Humes L, Husby G, Hutchins J, Jechorek R, Jenkins J, Kaufer A, Kexel N, Kora L, Lam L, Lau D, Leighton S, Loftis M, Luc S, Martin J, Nacar I, Nogle J, Park J, Schultz A, Seymore D, Smith C, Smith J, Thou P, Ulmer M, Voss R, Weaver V. Evaluation of the VIDAS® Listeria (LIS) Immunoassay for the Detection of Listeria in Foods Using Demi-Fraser and Fraser Enrichment Broths, as Modification of AOAC Official Method 999.06 (AOAC Official Method 2004.06). J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/88.3.750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A multilaboratory study was conducted to compare the VIDAS® LIS immunoassay with the standard cultural methods for the detection of Listeria in foods using an enrichment modification of AOAC Official Method 999.06. The modified enrichment protocol was implemented to harmonize the VIDAS LIS assay with the VIDAS LMO2 assay. Five food types—brie cheese, vanilla ice cream, frozen green beans, frozen raw tilapia fish, and cooked roast beef—at 3 inoculation levels, were analyzed by each method. A total of 15 laboratories representing government and industry participated. In this study, 1206 test portions were tested, of which 1170 were used in the statistical analysis. There were 433 positive by the VIDAS LIS assay and 396 positive by the standard culture methods. A Chi-square analysis of each of the 5 food types, at the 3 inoculation levels tested, was performed. The resulting average Chi square analysis, 0.42, indicated that, overall, there are no statistical differences between the VIDAS LIS assay and the standard methods at the 5% level of significance.
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Silbernagel K, Jechorek R, Barbour WM, Mrozinski P, Alejo W, Aleo V, Andaloro B, Beacorn F, Benzinger J, Bogar S, Brayman C, Broom J, Carson M, Carver C, Cheng C, Centrella B, Clayborn J, Collins C, Deibel C, Divine M, Eliasberg S, Farmer D, Frye S, Gatesy T, Goodstein E, Halker C, Hall G, Hanson P, Hartman G, Heddaeus K, Hembree J, Hutchins J, Istafanos P, Jechorek R, Jenkins J, Kerdahi K, Kremer S, Lal A, Leighton S, Lester D, Lewis J, Lin J, Martin J, Maselli M, McCarthy P, McGovern B, Mills M, Mohnke F, Moon B, Moss D, Plaza M, Robeson S, Romero H, Rubalcaba D, Schultz A, Seehusen J, Shaw C, Siem K, Sloan E, Stanerson J, Stepanova N, Van K, Van Enkenvoort K, Vialpando M, Warren W, Watts K, Wilson K, Woodruff T. Evaluation of the BAX® System for Detection of Listeria monocytogenes in Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/87.2.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A multilaboratory study was conducted to compare the automated BAX® system and the standard cultural methods for detection of Listeria monocytogenes in foods. Six food types (frankfurters, soft cheese, smoked salmon, raw, ground beef, fresh radishes, and frozen peas) were analyzed by each method. For each food type, 3 inoculation levels were tested: high (average of 2 CFU/g), low (average of 0.2 CFU/g) and uninoculated controls. A total of 25 laboratories representing government and industry participated. Of the 2335 samples analyzed, 1109 were positive by the BAX system and 1115 were positive by the standard method. A Chi square analysis of each of the 6 food types, at the 3 inoculation levels tested, was performed. For all foods, except radishes, the BAX system performed as well as or better than the standard reference methods based on the Chi square results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - W Mark Barbour
- DuPont Qualicon, 3531 Silverside Rd, Bedford Bldg, Wilmington, DE 19810
| | - Peter Mrozinski
- DuPont Qualicon, 3531 Silverside Rd, Bedford Bldg, Wilmington, DE 19810
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Silbernagel K, Jechorek R, Carver C, Barbour WM, Mrozinski P, Albert A, Andaloro B, Anderson G, Beacorn F, Brooks R, Carson M, Crossfield D, Eliasberg S, Farmer D, Frantzeskakis C, Gasses T, Gatesy T, Hall G, Hanson P, Heddaeus K, Hermann K, Hutchins J, Jenkins J, Johnson F, Johnson J, Kawalek M, Kelly L, Koschmann C, Lannon P, Lester D, Manner K, Martin J, Maselli M, McGovern B, Mohnke F, Moon B, Murray L, Pace R, Richards J, Robeson S, Rodgers D, Rosario G, Saunders C, Shaw C, Dana Shell J, Sloan E, Thompson S, Vialpando M, Voermans R, Watts K, Wieczorek K, Wilson K, Yeh H, Zamora D. Evaluation of the BAX® System for Detection of Salmonella in Selected Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/86.6.1149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A multilaboratory study was conducted to compare the automated BAX® System to the standard cultural methods for detection of Salmonella in selected foods. Five food types—frankfurters, raw ground beef, mozzarella cheese, raw frozen tilapia fish, and orange juice—at 3 inoculation levels, were analyzed by each method. A sixth food type, raw ground chicken, was tested using 3 naturally contaminated lots. A total of 16 laboratories representing government and industry participated. In this study, 1386 samples were analyzed, of which 1188 were paired samples and 198 were unpaired samples. Of the 1188 paired samples, 461 were positive by both methods and 404 were negative by both methods. Thirty-seven samples were positive by the BAX System but negative by the standard reference method, and 11 samples were positive by standard cultural method and negative by the BAX System. Of the 198 unpaired samples, 106 were positive by the BAX System and 60 were positive by the standard cultural method. A Chi square analysis of each of the 6 food types, at the 3 inoculation levels tested, was performed. For all foods, the BAX System demonstrated results comparable to those of the standard reference methods based on the Chi square results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Charles Carver
- rtech laboratories, PO Box 64101, St. Paul, MN 55164-0101
| | - W Mark Barbour
- DuPont Qualicon, 3531 Silverside Rd, Bedford Building, Wilmington, DE 19810
| | - Peter Mrozinski
- DuPont Qualicon, 3531 Silverside Rd, Bedford Building, Wilmington, DE 19810
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Gupta A, Prince M, Bob-Manuel T, Ahmed M, Jenkins J, Collins T, Ramee S, Soto JT. TCT-760 30-Day Echocardiographic Assessment of Self-Expanding and Balloon-Expandable Valves After Valve-in-Valve Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With Small Surgical Prostheses. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.08.900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Li C, Zhu B, Son Y, Wang Z, Jiang L, Xiang M, Ye Z, Beckermann KE, Wu Y, Jenkins J, Siska PJ, Vincent BG, Prakash Y, Peikert T, Edelson BT, Taneja R, Kaplan MH, Rathmell JC, Dong H, Hitosugi T, Sun J. The Transcription Factor Bhlhe40 Programs Mitochondrial Regulation of Resident CD8 + T Cell Fitness and Functionality. Immunity 2019; 51:491-507.e7. [PMID: 31533057 PMCID: PMC6903704 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory CD8+ T (Trm) cells share core residency gene programs with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). However, the transcriptional, metabolic, and epigenetic regulation of Trm cell and TIL development and function is largely undefined. Here, we found that the transcription factor Bhlhe40 was specifically required for Trm cell and TIL development and polyfunctionality. Local PD-1 signaling inhibited TIL Bhlhe40 expression, and Bhlhe40 was critical for TIL reinvigoration following anti-PD-L1 blockade. Mechanistically, Bhlhe40 sustained Trm cell and TIL mitochondrial fitness and a functional epigenetic state. Building on these findings, we identified an epigenetic and metabolic regimen that promoted Trm cell and TIL gene signatures associated with tissue residency and polyfunctionality. This regimen empowered the anti-tumor activity of CD8+ T cells and possessed therapeutic potential even at an advanced tumor stage in mouse models. Our results provide mechanistic insights into the local regulation of Trm cell and TIL function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofan Li
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Bibo Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Youngmin Son
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Min Xiang
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Zhenqing Ye
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Kathryn E. Beckermann
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - James Jenkins
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Peter J. Siska
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany,Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Benjamin G. Vincent
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Y.S. Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Tobias Peikert
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Brian T. Edelson
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Reshma Taneja
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593
| | - Mark H. Kaplan
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jeffrey C. Rathmell
- Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Haidong Dong
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Taro Hitosugi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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Crichton M, Nucera R, Jenkins J, Canavan R, Mahoney S, Eberhardt F, Dalwood P, Dahl C, Marshall S. MON-PO360: Influence of Inpatient Dietary Restriction on Recovery from and Reoccurrence of Acute, Uncomplicated Diverticulitis. Clin Nutr 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(19)32194-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Eberhardt F, Jenkins J, Nucera R, Dalwood P, Canavan R, Marshall S. MON-PO330: A Lack of Knowledge and a Fear of Food Triggers Suffering in Patients with a History of Acute Diverticulitis: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Clin Nutr 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(19)32165-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kim SC, Mathews DV, Breeden CP, Higginbotham LB, Ladowski J, Martens G, Stephenson A, Farris AB, Strobert EA, Jenkins J, Walters EM, Larsen CP, Tector M, Tector AJ, Adams AB. Long-term survival of pig-to-rhesus macaque renal xenografts is dependent on CD4 T cell depletion. Am J Transplant 2019; 19:2174-2185. [PMID: 30821922 PMCID: PMC6658347 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.15329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The shortage of available organs remains the greatest barrier to expanding access to transplant. Despite advances in genetic editing and immunosuppression, survival in experimental models of kidney xenotransplant has generally been limited to <100 days. We found that pretransplant selection of recipients with low titers of anti-pig antibodies significantly improved survival in a pig-to-rhesus macaque kidney transplant model (6 days vs median survival time 235 days). Immunosuppression included transient pan-T cell depletion and an anti-CD154-based maintenance regimen. Selective depletion of CD4+ T cells but not CD8+ T cells resulted in long-term survival (median survival time >400 days vs 6 days). These studies suggested that CD4+ T cells may have a more prominent role in xenograft rejection compared with CD8+ T cells. Although animals that received selective depletion of CD8+ T cells showed signs of early cellular rejection (marked CD4+ infiltrates), animals receiving selective CD4+ depletion exhibited normal biopsy results until late, when signs of chronic antibody rejection were present. In vitro study results suggested that rhesus CD4+ T cells required the presence of SLA class II to mount an effective proliferative response. The combination of low pretransplant anti-pig antibody and CD4 depletion resulted in consistent, long-term xenograft survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- SC Kim
- Emory Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - DV Mathews
- Emory Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - CP Breeden
- Emory Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - LB Higginbotham
- Emory Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - J Ladowski
- National Swine Resource and Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - G Martens
- National Swine Resource and Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - A Stephenson
- Emory Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - AB Farris
- Emory Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - EA Strobert
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - J Jenkins
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - EM Walters
- National Swine Resource and Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - CP Larsen
- Emory Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia,Yerkes National Primate Research Center, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - M Tector
- Comprehensive Transplant Institute, University of Alabama Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - AJ Tector
- Comprehensive Transplant Institute, University of Alabama Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - AB Adams
- Emory Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia,Yerkes National Primate Research Center, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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Blanks RG, Given-Wilson R, Alison R, Jenkins J, Wallis MG. An analysis of 11.3 million screening tests examining the association between needle biopsy rates and cancer detection rates in the English NHS Breast Cancer Screening Programme. Clin Radiol 2019; 74:384-389. [PMID: 30799096 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine the association between recall, needle biopsy, and cancer detection rates to inform the setting of target ranges to optimise the benefit to harm ratio of breast screening programmes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Annual screening programme information from 2009/10 to 2015/16 for the 80 screening units of the English National Health Service Breast Screening Programme (totalling 11.3 million screening tests) was obtained from annual (KC62) returns. Linear regression models were used to examine the association between needle biopsy rates and recall rates and non-linear regression models to examine the association between cancer detection rates and needle biopsy rates. RESULTS The models show and quantify the diminishing returns for prevalent screens with increasing biopsy rates. A biopsy rate increase from 10 to 20 per 1,000 increases the cancer detection rate by 2.13 per 1,000 with four extra biopsies per extra cancer detected. Increasing the biopsy rate from 40 to 50 per 1,000, increases the cancer detection rate by only 0.25 per 1,000, with 40 extra biopsies per extra cancer detected. Although diminishing returns are also seen at incident screens, screening is generally more efficient. CONCLUSIONS Increasing needle biopsy rates leads to rapidly diminishing returns in cancer detection and a marked increase in non-malignant/benign needle biopsies. Much of the harms associated with screening in terms of false-positive recall rates and non-cancer biopsies occur at prevalent screens with much lower rates at incident screens. Needle biopsy rate targets should be considered together with recall rate targets to maximise benefit and minimise harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Blanks
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, Oxford University, Richard Doll Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK.
| | - R Given-Wilson
- Department of Radiology, St Georges University Hospital Foundation Trust, UK
| | - R Alison
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, Oxford University, Richard Doll Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - J Jenkins
- Breast Screening Programme, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - M G Wallis
- Cambridge Breast Unit, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
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Bob-Manuel T, Nanda A, Anunobi CI, Soto JT, Jenkins J, Ibebuogu U. EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF TRANSCAROTID TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT IN 495 PATIENTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(19)31981-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Golledge J, Morris D, Pinchbeck J, Rowbotham S, Jenkins J, Bourke M, Bourke B, Norman P, Jones R, Moxon J. Metformin Prescription is Associated with a Reduction in the Combined Incidence of Surgical Repair and Rupture Related Mortality in Patients with Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. J Vasc Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ribas I, Tuomi M, Reiners A, Butler RP, Morales JC, Perger M, Dreizler S, Rodríguez-López C, González Hernández JI, Rosich A, Feng F, Trifonov T, Vogt SS, Caballero JA, Hatzes A, Herrero E, Jeffers SV, Lafarga M, Murgas F, Nelson RP, Rodríguez E, Strachan JBP, Tal-Or L, Teske J, Toledo-Padrón B, Zechmeister M, Quirrenbach A, Amado PJ, Azzaro M, Béjar VJS, Barnes JR, Berdiñas ZM, Burt J, Coleman G, Cortés-Contreras M, Crane J, Engle SG, Guinan EF, Haswell CA, Henning T, Holden B, Jenkins J, Jones HRA, Kaminski A, Kiraga M, Kürster M, Lee MH, López-González MJ, Montes D, Morin J, Ofir A, Pallé E, Rebolo R, Reffert S, Schweitzer A, Seifert W, Shectman SA, Staab D, Street RA, Suárez Mascareño A, Tsapras Y, Wang SX, Anglada-Escudé G. A candidate super-Earth planet orbiting near the snow line of Barnard’s star. Nature 2018; 563:365-368. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0677-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Jabbar AA, Hasan M, Jenkins J, Collins T, Ramee S. TCT-279 Elective Percutaneous Paravalvular Leak Closure Under Monitored Anesthesia Care: The Safety of Conscious Sedation with intra-procedural TEE for PVL Repair. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.2152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Caylor RC, Grote L, Thiffault I, Farrow EG, Willig L, Soden S, Amudhavalli SM, Nopper AJ, Horii KA, Fleming E, Jenkins J, Welsh H, Ilyas M, Engleman K, Abdelmoity A, Saunders CJ. Incidental diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis complex by exome sequencing in three families with subclinical findings. Neurogenetics 2018; 19:205-213. [PMID: 29926239 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-018-0551-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal-dominant neurocutaneous disorder characterized by lesions and benign tumors in multiple organ systems including the brain, skin, heart, eyes, kidneys, and lungs. The phenotype is highly variable, although penetrance is reportedly complete. We report the molecular diagnosis of TSC in individuals exhibiting extreme intra-familial variability, including the incidental diagnosis of asymptomatic family members. Exome sequencing was performed in three families, with probands referred for epilepsy, autism, and absent speech (Family 1); epileptic spasms (Family 2); and connective tissue disorders (Family 3.) Pathogenic variants in TSC1 or TSC2 were identified in nine individuals, including relatives with limited or no medical concerns at the time of testing. Of the nine individuals reported here, six had post-diagnosis examinations and three met clinical diagnostic criteria for TSC. One did not meet clinical criteria for a possible or definite diagnosis of TSC, and two had only a possible clinical diagnosis following post-diagnosis workup. These individuals as well as their mothers demonstrated limited features that would not raise concern for TSC in the absence of molecular results. In addition, three individuals exhibited epilepsy with normal brain MRIs, and two without seizures or intellectual disability had MRI findings fulfilling major criteria for TSC highlighting the difficulty providers face when relying on clinical criteria to guide genetic testing. Given the importance of a timely TSC diagnosis for clinical management, such cases demonstrate a potential benefit for clinical criteria to include seizures and an unbiased molecular approach to genetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Caylor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - L Grote
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - I Thiffault
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospitals, 2420 Pershing Rd., Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - E G Farrow
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospitals, 2420 Pershing Rd., Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - L Willig
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospitals, 2420 Pershing Rd., Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - S Soden
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospitals, 2420 Pershing Rd., Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - S M Amudhavalli
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - A J Nopper
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- Division of Dermatology, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - K A Horii
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- Division of Dermatology, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - E Fleming
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - J Jenkins
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - H Welsh
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - M Ilyas
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- Division of Neurology, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - K Engleman
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - A Abdelmoity
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
- Division of Neurology, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - C J Saunders
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA.
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospitals, 2420 Pershing Rd., Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA.
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA.
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Jenkins J, Youngsmith T, Henderson J. Management of laser fibre during ureterorenoscopy and laser lithotripsy. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2018; 100:1. [PMID: 29909676 PMCID: PMC6204501 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2018.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Jenkins
- Urology Department, Cheltenham General Hospital, Cheltenham, UK
| | - T Youngsmith
- Urology Department, Cheltenham General Hospital, Cheltenham, UK
| | - J Henderson
- Urology Department, Cheltenham General Hospital, Cheltenham, UK
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Cohen SL, Blanks RG, Jenkins J, Kearins O. Role of performance metrics in breast screening imaging - where are we and where should we be? Clin Radiol 2018; 73:381-388. [PMID: 29395223 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The NHS Breast Screening Programme (NHSBSP) was started in 1988 and is a large, organised cancer screening programme. It is delivered by 80 services across England and screens over 2 million women each year. As a screening programme, it must balance the detection of cancers against possible harm to women who do not have cancer. The NHSBSP was therefore designed with detailed information gathering and performance metrics right from the start. In this review paper, we examine how performance metrics in screening mammography have improved the national screening programme and the further developments and challenges that are expected in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Cohen
- Screening QA Service, Public Health England, London, UK.
| | - R G Blanks
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - J Jenkins
- Breast Screening Programme, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - O Kearins
- Screening QA Service, Public Health England, London, UK
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Golledge J, Moxon JV, Rowbotham S, Pinchbeck J, Yip L, Velu R, Quigley F, Jenkins J, Morris DR. Risk of major amputation in patients with intermittent claudication undergoing early revascularization. Br J Surg 2018; 105:699-708. [PMID: 29566427 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Revascularization is being used increasingly for the treatment of intermittent claudication and yet few studies have reported the long-term outcomes of this strategy. The aim of this study was to compare the long-term outcome of patients with intermittent claudication who underwent revascularization compared with a group initially treated without revascularization. METHODS Patients with symptoms of intermittent claudication and a diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease were recruited from outpatient clinics at three hospitals in Queensland, Australia. Based on variation in the practices of different vascular specialists, patients were either treated by early revascularization or received initial conservative treatment. Patients were followed in outpatient clinics using linked hospital admission record data. The primary outcome was the requirement for major amputation. Kaplan-Meier curves, Cox regression and competing risks analyses were used to compare major amputation rates. RESULTS Some 456 patients were recruited; 178 (39·0 per cent) underwent early revascularization and 278 (61·0 per cent) had initial conservative treatment. Patients were followed for a mean(s.d.) of 5·00(3·37) years. The estimated 5-year major amputation rate was 6·2 and 0·7 per cent in patients undergoing early revascularization and initial conservative treatment respectively (P = 0·003). Early revascularization was associated with an increased requirement for major amputation in models adjusted for other risk factors (relative risk 5·40 to 4·22 in different models). CONCLUSION Patients presenting with intermittent claudication who underwent early revascularization appeared to be at higher risk of amputation than those who had initial conservative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Golledge
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.,Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Mater Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - J V Moxon
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.,Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - S Rowbotham
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - J Pinchbeck
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - L Yip
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - R Velu
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Mater Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - F Quigley
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Mater Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - J Jenkins
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - D R Morris
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.,Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Rappaport S, Vanderburg A, Jacobs T, LaCourse D, Jenkins J, Kraus A, Rizzuto A, Latham DW, Bieryla A, Lazarevic M, Schmitt A. Likely Transiting Exocomets Detected By Kepler. Mon Not R Astron Soc 2018; 474:1453-1468. [PMID: 29755143 PMCID: PMC5943639 DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stx2735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present the first good evidence for exocomet transits of a host star in continuum light in data from the Kepler mission. The Kepler star in question, KIC 3542116, is of spectral type F2V and is quite bright at Kp = 10. The transits have a distinct asymmetric shape with a steeper ingress and slower egress that can be ascribed to objects with a trailing dust tail passing over the stellar disk. There are three deeper transits with depths of ≃ 0.1% that last for about a day, and three that are several times more shallow and of shorter duration. The transits were found via an exhaustive visual search of the entire Kepler photometric data set, which we describe in some detail. We review the methods we use to validate the Kepler data showing the comet transits, and rule out instrumental artefacts as sources of the signals. We fit the transits with a simple dust-tail model, and find that a transverse comet speed of ∼35-50 km s-1 and a minimum amount of dust present in the tail of ∼ 1016 g are required to explain the larger transits. For a dust replenishment time of ∼10 days, and a comet lifetime of only ∼300 days, this implies a total cometary mass of ≳ 3 × 1017 g, or about the mass of Halley's comet. We also discuss the number of comets and orbital geometry that would be necessary to explain the six transits detected over the four years of Kepler prime-field observations. Finally, we also report the discovery of a single comet-shaped transit in KIC 11084727 with very similar transit and host-star properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rappaport
- Department of Physics, and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - A Vanderburg
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
- Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin, 2515 Speedway, Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712
- NASA Sagan Fellow
| | - T Jacobs
- 12812 SE 69th Place Bellevue, WA 98006, USA
| | - D LaCourse
- 7507 52nd Place NE Marysville, WA 98270, USA
| | - J Jenkins
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
| | - A Kraus
- Department of Astronomy, University of Texas, Austin, 78712-1205, USA
| | - A Rizzuto
- Department of Astronomy, University of Texas, Austin, 78712-1205, USA
| | - D W Latham
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
| | - A Bieryla
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
| | - M Lazarevic
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, 100 Forsyth St, Boston, MA 02115
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Hernandez A, Jenkins J, Maslen H, Zeller M, Horner G, Dempsey C, Urteaga J, Dunlap C, Zehnder RA. Stress compensation in an extended series of lanthanide 2-sulfonatoterephthalates [Ln(TPSO3)(H2O)2]n (Ln = Ce − Lu, except Pm). Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Zehnder RA, Jenkins J, Zeller M, Dempsey C, Kozimor SA, Jackson G, Gilbert K, Smith M. Conversion of lanthanide glutarate chlorides with interstitial THF into lanthanide glutarates with unprecedented topologies. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Golledge J, Moxon J, Pinchbeck J, Anderson G, Rowbotham S, Jenkins J. Association Between Metformin Prescription and Growth Rates of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. J Vasc Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2017.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ponciroli R, Wang Y, Zhou Z, Botterud A, Jenkins J, Vilim RB, Ganda F. Profitability Evaluation of Load-Following Nuclear Units with Physics-Induced Operational Constraints. NUCL TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00295450.2017.1388668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Ponciroli
- Argonne National Laboratory, Nuclear Engineering Division, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - Y. Wang
- North China Electric Power University, State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, Beijing, 102206, China
- Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Systems Division, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - Z. Zhou
- Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Systems Division, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - A. Botterud
- Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Systems Division, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - J. Jenkins
- Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Systems Division, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute for Data, Systems, & Society and MIT Energy Initiative, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - R. B. Vilim
- Argonne National Laboratory, Nuclear Engineering Division, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - F. Ganda
- Argonne National Laboratory, Nuclear Engineering Division, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439
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Aiello F, Durgin J, Daniel V, Messina L, Doucet D, Simons J, Jenkins J, Schanzer A. Surgeon leadership in the coding, billing, and contractual negotiations for fenestrated endovascular aortic aneurysm repair increases medical center contribution margin and physician reimbursement. J Vasc Surg 2017; 66:997-1006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2017.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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