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Feige J, Airo A, Berger D, Brückner D, Gärtner A, Genge M, Leya I, Habibi Marekani F, Hecht L, Klingner N, Lachner J, Li X, Merchel S, Nissen J, Patzer ABC, Peterson S, Schropp A, Sager C, Suttle MD, Trappitsch R, Weinhold J. Transport of dust across the Solar System: Constraints on the spatial origin of individual micrometeorites from cosmic-ray exposure. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2024; 382:20230197. [PMID: 38736334 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2023.0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The origin of micrometeorites (MMs) from asteroids and comets is well-established, but the relative contribution from these two classes remains poorly resolved. Likewise, determining the precise origin of individual MMs is an open challenge. Here, cosmic-ray exposure ages are used to resolve the spatial origins of 12 MMs collected from urban areas and Antarctica. Their 26Al and 10Be concentration, produced during cosmic-ray irradiation in space, were measured by accelerator mass spectrometry. These data are compared to results from a model simulating the transport and irradiation of the MM precursors in space. This model, for the first time, considers a variety of orbits, precursor particle sizes, compositions and densities and incorporates non-isotropic solar and galactic cosmic-ray flux profiles, depth-dependent production rates, as well as spherical evaporation during atmospheric entry. While the origin for six MMs remains ambiguous, two MMs show a preferential tendency towards an origin in the Inner Solar System (Near Earth Objects to the Asteroid Belt) and four towards an origin in the Outer Solar System (Jupiter Family Comets to the Kuiper Belt). These findings challenge the notion that dust originating from the Outer Solar System is unlikely to survive long-term transport and delivery to the terrestrial planets. This article is part of the theme issue 'Dust in the Solar System and beyond'.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Feige
- Department of Solar System, Impacts and Meteorites, Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung , Berlin 10115, Germany
- Zentrum für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Technische Universität Berlin , Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - A Airo
- Department of Solar System, Impacts and Meteorites, Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung , Berlin 10115, Germany
- Zentrum für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Technische Universität Berlin , Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - D Berger
- Center for Electron Microscopy (ZELMI), Technische Universität Berlin , Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - D Brückner
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - A Gärtner
- Senckenberg Naturhistorische Sammlungen Dresden, Museum für Mineralogie und Geologie, Sektion Mineralogie/Isotope Forensics , Dresden 01109, Germany
| | - M Genge
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - I Leya
- Space Science and Planetology, Physics Institute, University of Bern , Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - F Habibi Marekani
- Zentrum für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Technische Universität Berlin , Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - L Hecht
- Department of Solar System, Impacts and Meteorites, Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung , Berlin 10115, Germany
| | - N Klingner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Dresden 01328, Germany
| | - J Lachner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Dresden 01328, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, Isotope Physics, University of Vienna , Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - X Li
- Forschungs-Neutronenquelle Heinz-Maier-Leibnitz FRM II, Technische Universität München , Garching 85748, Germany
| | - S Merchel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Dresden 01328, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, Isotope Physics, University of Vienna , Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - J Nissen
- Center for Electron Microscopy (ZELMI), Technische Universität Berlin , Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - A B C Patzer
- Zentrum für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Technische Universität Berlin , Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - S Peterson
- Electron Microprobe Laboratory, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455-0153, USA
| | - A Schropp
- Center for X-ray and Nano Science CXNS, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Hamburg 22607, Germany
- Helmholtz Imaging, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - C Sager
- Department of Solar System, Impacts and Meteorites, Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung , Berlin 10115, Germany
- Zentrum für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Technische Universität Berlin , Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - M D Suttle
- School of Physical Sciences, The Open University , Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Pisa , Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - R Trappitsch
- Laboratory for Biological Geochemistry, School of Architecture, Civil & Environmental Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - J Weinhold
- Zentraleinrichtung 3D Technologien (ZE3D), Technische Universität Berlin , Berlin 10623, Germany
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Radlanski RJ, Weinhold J, Jerichow S, Mehner M, Schwandt H, Keilig L, Bourauel C. A method to calibrate fetal μCT scans using histological sections from the same specimens. Ann Anat 2021; 237:151725. [PMID: 33798695 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2021.151725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Craniofacial morphogenesis is an intricate developmental process in 3D, which therefore merits visualization and investigation in 3D. To better understand the process, we utilize μCT imaging, and describe a method to calibrate each cone beam μCT individually. Calibration is necessary, because during development, fetuses undergo tissue differentiation, which affects the acquisition process for radiographic images. Additionally, tissue fixation and conservation agents may influence the physical properties of the specimens and may affect image acquisition. After taking a μCT scan from each specimen, we separated a horizontal slice from each neck (which is inconsequential to our question with relation to the whole head). These neck specimens were prepared as horizontal histological serial sections and stained. With these as a reference, the μCT visualization parameters could be adjusted until they matched the selected virtual section planes, which correspond exactly to the planes of the histological sections with a precision (pixel size) of 0.69μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Radlanski
- Charité - Campus Benjamin Franklin at Freie Universität Berlin, Center for Dental and Craniofacial Sciences, Dept. of Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Assmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany.
| | - J Weinhold
- Technische Universität Berlin, Fakultät II Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Mathematik, 3D-Labor, Sekr. MA 6-4, Straße des 17. Juni 136, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - S Jerichow
- Charité - Campus Benjamin Franklin at Freie Universität Berlin, Center for Dental and Craniofacial Sciences, Dept. of Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Assmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany; Technische Universität Berlin, Fakultät II Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Mathematik, 3D-Labor, Sekr. MA 6-4, Straße des 17. Juni 136, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - M Mehner
- Technische Universität Berlin, Fakultät II Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Mathematik, 3D-Labor, Sekr. MA 6-4, Straße des 17. Juni 136, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - H Schwandt
- Technische Universität Berlin, Fakultät II Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Mathematik, 3D-Labor, Sekr. MA 6-4, Straße des 17. Juni 136, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - L Keilig
- Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Oralmedizinische Technologie, Zentrum für Zahn-, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde, Welschnonnenstr. 17, 53111 Bonn, Germany
| | - C Bourauel
- Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Oralmedizinische Technologie, Zentrum für Zahn-, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde, Welschnonnenstr. 17, 53111 Bonn, Germany
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Hunger C, Bornhäuser A, Link L, Geigges J, Voss A, Weinhold J, Schweitzer J. The Experience in Personal Social Systems Questionnaire (EXIS.pers): Development and Psychometric Properties. Fam Process 2017; 56:154-170. [PMID: 26858173 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the theoretical background, development, and psychometric properties of the German and English versions of the Experience in Personal Social Systems Questionnaire (EXIS.pers). It assesses how the members of a personal social system experience their situation within that system. It is designed as a research tool for interventions in which only one member of the system participates (e.g., Family Constellation Seminars). The EXIS.pers was created to measure change on the individual level relating to one's own important personal social system. In Study 1, we used exploratory factor analysis (EFA) for latent variable identification of the original German EXIS.pers (n = 179). In Studies 2 and 3, we used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to examine the dimensionality of the German (n = 634) and English (n = 310) EXIS.pers. Internal consistencies and cross-cultural structural equivalence were assessed. EFA indicated that a four-factor model provided best fit for the German EXIS.pers. For both the German and English EXIS.pers, CFA provided the best fit for a five-factor bi-level model that included a general factor (Experience In Personal Social Systems) and four dimensions (Belonging, Autonomy, Accord, Confidence). Good internal consistencies, external associations, and cross-cultural structural equivalence were demonstrated. This study provides first evidence for the German and English EXIS.pers as an economical and reliable measure of an individual's experience within his or her personal social systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Hunger
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annette Bornhäuser
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Leoni Link
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julian Geigges
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Voss
- Institute of Psychology, Quantitative Research Methods, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Weinhold
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jochen Schweitzer
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Aguilar-Raab C, Heene M, Grevenstein D, Weinhold J. Assessing drug-specific knowledge as a protective factor in illicit substance use: the Heidelberger Drogenbogen (Heidelberg drug scales – HDB). Journal of Substance Use 2015. [DOI: 10.3109/14659891.2014.942400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Hunger C, Weinhold J, Bornhäuser A, Link L, Schweitzer J. Mid- and long-term effects of family constellation seminars in a general population sample: 8- and 12-month follow-up. Fam Process 2015; 54:344-358. [PMID: 25264190 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In a previous randomized controlled trial (RCT), short-term efficacy of family constellation seminars (FCSs) in a general population sample was demonstrated. In this article, we examined mid- and long-term stability of these effects. Participants were 104 adults (M = 47 years; SD = 9; 84% female) who were part of the intervention group in the original RCT (3-day FCS; 64 active participants and 40 observing participants). FCSs were carried out according to manuals. It was predicted that FCSs would improve psychological functioning (Outcome Questionnaire OQ-45.2) at 8- and 12-month follow-up. Additionally, we assessed the effects of FCSs on psychological distress, motivational incongruence, individuals' experience in their personal social systems, and overall goal attainment. Participants yielded significant improvement in psychological functioning (d = 0.41 at 8-month follow-up, p = .000; d = 0.40 at 12-month follow-up, p = .000). Results were confirmed for psychological distress, motivational incongruence, the participants' experience in their personal social systems, and overall goal attainment. No adverse events were reported. This study provides first evidence for the mid- and long-term efficacy of FCSs in a nonclinical population. The implications of the findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Hunger
- Institute for Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Weinhold
- Institute for Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annette Bornhäuser
- Institute for Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Leoni Link
- Institute for Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jochen Schweitzer
- Institute for Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Aguilar-Raab C, Heene M, Grevenstein D, Weinhold J. Assessing Drug Consumption Behavior With the Heidelberger Drogenbogen (Heidelberg Drug Scales): Reliabilities, Validities, and Cut-Off Criteria. Subst Use Misuse 2015; 50:1638-49. [PMID: 26597565 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2015.1027926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Heidelberger Drogenbogen (HDB) is a German language assessment of substance-specific knowledge and consumption patterns of the illicit psychoactive substances cannabis, MDMA (ecstasy), amphetamines, cocaine, and hallucinogens. The behavior modules for each of these five drugs/drug groups allow for a diagnostic evaluation of the extent of harmful consumption behavior. Each of the five modules represents a single standardized test. OBJECTIVES This paper outlines several statistical parameters, Cronbach's alpha, retest reliabilities, as well as numerous validity and cut-off-criteria of the behavioral modules. METHODS Participants (N = 4,794) were recruited at schools, universities, in subcultural contexts, and in institutions of substance abuse treatment. RESULTS Internal consistencies range from = .68 to .79 while test-retest reliabilities between .87 and .94 were found. The behavior modules of the HDB can discriminate between populations with and without clinical levels of substance use. Furthermore, this measure has incremental validity and higher diagnostic accuracy over competing measures. CONCLUSIONS The behavior modules of the HDB are reliable and valid measures of substance use and misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Aguilar-Raab
- a Institute of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine , University Hospital Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Moritz Heene
- b Learning Sciences Research Methods , Ludwig-Maximilians-University , Munich , Germany
| | - Dennis Grevenstein
- a Institute of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine , University Hospital Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Jan Weinhold
- a Institute of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine , University Hospital Heidelberg , Germany
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Hunger C, Bornhäuser A, Link L, Schweitzer J, Weinhold J. Improving experience in personal social systems through family constellation seminars: results of a randomized controlled trial. Fam Process 2014; 53:288-306. [PMID: 24251855 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the efficacy of family constellation seminars (FCSs) on individuals' experience in their personal social systems, especially the experience of belonging, autonomy, accord, and confidence. We conducted a single-blind, stratified and balanced, randomized controlled trial. Participants were 208 adults (M = 48 years, SD = 10, 79% women) who were randomly allocated either to the intervention group (3-day FCSs; 64 active participants, 40 observing participants) or to the wait-list group (64 active participants, 40 observing participants). Change was measured short-term (2-week and 4-month follow-up) using the Experience In Social Systems Questionnaire, personal domain (EXIS.pers). EXIS.pers is a new outcome measure being applied for the first time in evaluation research. In addition, we used interpersonal scales derived from established measures (Outcome Questionnaire, OQ-45; Tool for the Evaluation of the Psychotherapeutic Progress, FEP). The average person in the intervention group showed improved experience in personal social systems, as compared with approximately 73% of the wait-list group after 2 weeks (total score: Cohen's d = .61, p = .000) and 69% of the wait-list group after 4 months (total score: d = .53, p = .000). The results were confirmed in per-protocol analyses (n = 191) by the results of the EXIS.pers dimensions (Belonging, Autonomy, Accord, and Confidence) and the interpersonal scales derived from the OQ-45 and FEP. No adverse events were reported. This RCT provides first evidence that FCSs tend to positively influence participants' experience in their social systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Hunger
- Institute for Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Weinhold J, Hunger C, Bornhäuser A, Link L, Rochon J, Wild B, Schweitzer J. Family constellation seminars improve psychological functioning in a general population sample: Results of a randomized controlled trial. J Couns Psychol 2013; 60:601-9. [DOI: 10.1037/a0033539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Aguilar-Raab C, Weinhold J, Verres R. Der Heidelberger Drogenbogen (HDB) – Erfassung von kognitiv-behavioralen Risiko- und Protektivfaktoren beim Konsum illegaler psychoaktiver Substanzen. Suchttherapie 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1271728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ullrich-Kleinmanns J, Jungaberle H, Weinhold J, Verres R. Muster und Verlauf des Konsums psychoaktiver Substanzen im Jugendalter - Die Bedeutung von Kohärenzsinn und Risikowahrnehmung. Suchttherapie 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1046795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Krippner S, Weinhold J. GENDER DIFFERENCES IN A CONTENT ANALYSIS STUDY OF 608 DREAM REPORTS FROM RESEARCH PARTICIPANTS IN THE UNITED STATES. soc behav pers 2002. [DOI: 10.2224/sbp.2002.30.4.399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This investigation asked the question: “Are there significant content differences between male and female dream reports obtained in the United States?” Most of the 608 research participants provided dream reports (one per person) in response to a request from the senior
author at dream seminars he gave between 1990 and 1996; the other dream reports were provided by friends and acquaintances of seminar participants. The total sample included 330 female and 278 male dream reports. Dreams were coded according to Hall-Van de Castle criteria on 53 categories,
subcategories, and indices. The use of Cohen's h-statistic revealed several gender differences, most of which resembled those found by previous researchers.
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Krippner S, Weinhold J. Gender differences in the content analysis of 240 dream reports from Brazilian participants in dream seminars. Dreaming 2001. [DOI: 10.1023/a:1009416500719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Klemann D, Weinhold J, Strubelt O, Pentz R, Jungblut JR, Klink F. [Effects of amalgam fillings on the mercury concentrations in amniotic fluid and breast milk]. Dtsch Zahnarztl Z 1990; 45:142-5. [PMID: 2257818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Human amniotic fluid was gained from 95 pregnant women by amniocentesis (group 1) and from 20 women during delivery (group 2). The concentrations of inorganic mercury in amniotic fluid as assessed directly by cold-vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometry (CV-AAS) averaged 0.29 +/- 0.1 microgram/l in group 1 and 0.86 +/- 0.25 microgram/l in group 2. Surface areas of dental amalgam fillings were also estimated in these women and ranged between 0 and 930 mm2. There was no correlation between the surface area of maternal amalgam fillings and the concentrations of inorganic mercury in amniotic fluid (r = -0.122 and -0.069, respectively). Furthermore, no positive correlation existed between amalgam fillings and the concentration of total mercury in maternal blood (4.48 +/- 2.33 micrograms/l) and in neonatal blood (3.28 +/- 1.57 micrograms/l) as measured by CV-AAS in group 2 (r = -0.4 and -0.12, respectively). Concentrations of total mercury were also measured by CV-AAS in the breast milk of 86 women, five to ten days after delivery. These concentrations averaged 1.9 +/- 1.6 micrograms/l and were also not significantly correlated to the maternal amalgam surface areas (r = 0.188). In conclusion, maternal amalgam fillings are of no importance for the mercury load of the fetus and the neonate.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Klemann
- Institut für Toxikologie, Medizinische Universität zu Lubeck
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