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Monkman H, Mir S, Bond J, Borycki EM, Courtney KL, Kushniruk AW. Canadian employers' perspectives on a new framework for health informatics competencies. Int J Med Inform 2024; 183:105324. [PMID: 38218130 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2023.105324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Competencies are the knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to operate and perform successfully in the workplace. Due to the evolving nature of health informatics, it is important continuously examine and refine competencies in this field. In this study, we administered a questionnaire to Canadian employers (N = 29) of health informatics cooperative education (co-op) students to garner their feedback on competencies within a New Health Informatics Professional Competencies Framework. Overall, the findings supported this new framework. An average of ratings within each of the four competency categories revealed that participants perceived Management Science to be the most important, followed by Information & Computer Science, then Health Science and finally Data Science. Further, at least 20 (69 %) respondents rated nine of the 12 competencies as important. Of the 12 competencies, Biological and Clinical Science was rated the lowest. Findings from this study can potentially be used to inform curricula, career progression, and hiring practices in health informatics. Future work includes refining the questionnaire to assess the competencies more comprehensively and potentially exploring the importance of more transferable skills or general competencies (e.g., communication, problem-solving). Additionally, we want to survey a broader sample of health informatics professionals and integrate recent national and international work on health informatics competencies. Future work is also recommended towards the development of a maturity model for competencies of more experienced health informatics professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Monkman
- School of Health Information Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
| | - Samiha Mir
- School of Health Information Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Jason Bond
- School of Health Information Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Elizabeth M Borycki
- School of Health Information Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Karen L Courtney
- School of Health Information Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Andre W Kushniruk
- School of Health Information Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
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Couturier JL, Kimber M, Ford C, Coelho JS, Dimitropoulos G, Kurji A, Boman J, Isserlin L, Bond J, Soroka C, Dominic A, Boachie A, McVey G, Norris M, Obeid N, Pilon D, Spettigue W, Findlay S, Geller J, Grewal S, Gusella J, Jericho M, Johnson N, Katzman D, Chan N, Grande C, Nicula M, Clause-Walford D, Leclerc A, Loewen R, Loewen T, Steinegger C, Waite E, Webb C, Brouwers M. A study protocol for implementing Canadian Practice Guidelines for Treating Children and Adolescents with Eating Disorders. Implement Sci Commun 2024; 5:5. [PMID: 38183084 PMCID: PMC10768347 DOI: 10.1186/s43058-023-00538-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating disorders have one of the highest mortality rates among psychiatric illnesses. Timely intervention is crucial for effective treatment, as eating disorders tend to be chronic and difficult to manage if left untreated. Clinical practice guidelines play a vital role in improving healthcare delivery, aiming to minimize variations in care and bridge the gap between research and practice. However, research indicates an active guideline implementation approach is crucial to effective uptake. METHODS Mixed methods will be used to inform and evaluate our guideline implementation approach. Semi-structured focus groups will be conducted in each of the eight provinces in Canada. Each focus group will comprise 8-10 key stakeholders, including clinicians, program administrators, and individuals with lived experience or caregivers. Qualitative data will be analyzed using conventional content analysis and the constant comparison technique and the results will be used to inform our implementation strategy. The study will then evaluate the effectiveness of our implementation approach through pre- and post-surveys, comparing changes in awareness, use, and impact of the guidelines in various stakeholder groups. DISCUSSION Through a multifaceted implementation strategy, involving the co-creation of educational materials, tailored training, and context-specific strategies, this study intends to enhance guideline uptake and promote adherence to evidence-based practices. Our study will also contribute valuable information on the impact of our implementation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Couturier
- McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, 1200 Main St W, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada.
| | - Melissa Kimber
- McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, 1200 Main St W, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sheri Findlay
- McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, 1200 Main St W, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Josie Geller
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Seena Grewal
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | | | - Natasha Johnson
- McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, 1200 Main St W, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Maria Nicula
- McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, 1200 Main St W, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Drew Clause-Walford
- McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, 1200 Main St W, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Cheryl Webb
- McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, 1200 Main St W, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada
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Peeters WM, Gram M, Dias GJ, Vissers MCM, Hampton MB, Dickerhof N, Bekhit AE, Black MJ, Oxbøll J, Bayer S, Dickens M, Vitzel K, Sheard PW, Danielson KM, Hodges LD, Brønd JC, Bond J, Perry BG, Stoner L, Cornwall J, Rowlands DS. Changes to insulin sensitivity in glucose clearance systems and redox following dietary supplementation with a novel cysteine-rich protein: A pilot randomized controlled trial in humans with type-2 diabetes. Redox Biol 2023; 67:102918. [PMID: 37812879 PMCID: PMC10570009 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently developed a novel keratin-derived protein (KDP) rich in cysteine, glycine, and arginine, with the potential to alter tissue redox status and insulin sensitivity. The KDP was tested in 35 human adults with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a 14-wk randomised controlled pilot trial comprising three 2×20 g supplemental protein/day arms: KDP-whey (KDPWHE), whey (WHEY), non-protein isocaloric control (CON), with standardised exercise. Outcomes were measured morning fasted and following insulin-stimulation (80 mU/m2/min hyperinsulinaemic-isoglycaemic clamp). With KDPWHE supplementation there was good and very-good evidence for moderate-sized increases in insulin-stimulated glucose clearance rate (GCR; 26%; 90% confidence limits, CL 2%, 49%) and skeletal-muscle microvascular blood flow (46%; 16%, 83%), respectively, and good evidence for increased insulin-stimulated sarcoplasmic GLUT4 translocation (18%; 0%, 39%) vs CON. In contrast, WHEY did not effect GCR (-2%; -25%, 21%) and attenuated HbA1c lowering (14%; 5%, 24%) vs CON. KDPWHE effects on basal glutathione in erythrocytes and skeletal muscle were unclear, but in muscle there was very-good evidence for large increases in oxidised peroxiredoxin isoform 2 (oxiPRX2) (19%; 2.2%, 35%) and good evidence for lower GPx1 concentrations (-40%; -4.3%, -63%) vs CON; insulin stimulation, however, attenuated the basal oxiPRX2 response (4%; -16%, 24%), and increased GPx1 (39%; -5%, 101%) and SOD1 (26%; -3%, 60%) protein expression. Effects of KDPWHE on oxiPRX3 and NRF2 content, phosphorylation of capillary eNOS and insulin-signalling proteins upstream of GLUT4 translocation AktSer437 and AS160Thr642 were inconclusive, but there was good evidence for increased IRSSer312 (41%; 3%, 95%), insulin-stimulated NFκB-DNA binding (46%; 3.4%, 105%), and basal PAK-1Thr423/2Thr402 phosphorylation (143%; 66%, 257%) vs WHEY. Our findings provide good evidence to suggest that dietary supplementation with a novel edible keratin protein in humans with T2DM may increase glucose clearance and modify skeletal-muscle tissue redox and insulin sensitivity within systems involving peroxiredoxins, antioxidant expression, and glucose uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Peeters
- Metabolic and Microvascular Laboratory, School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Wellington, Auckland, New Zealand; School of Biomedical, Nutritional and Sport Science, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - M Gram
- Metabolic and Microvascular Laboratory, School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Wellington, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - G J Dias
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - M C M Vissers
- Centre for Free Radical Research, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - M B Hampton
- Centre for Free Radical Research, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - N Dickerhof
- Centre for Free Radical Research, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - A E Bekhit
- Department of Food Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - M J Black
- Metabolic and Microvascular Laboratory, School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Wellington, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - J Oxbøll
- Metabolic and Microvascular Laboratory, School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Wellington, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - S Bayer
- Centre for Free Radical Research, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - M Dickens
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Wellington, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - K Vitzel
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Wellington, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - P W Sheard
- Department of Physiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - K M Danielson
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Surgery, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - L D Hodges
- Metabolic and Microvascular Laboratory, School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Wellington, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - J C Brønd
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - J Bond
- Metabolic and Microvascular Laboratory, School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Wellington, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - B G Perry
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Wellington, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - L Stoner
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - J Cornwall
- Centre for Early Learning in Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - D S Rowlands
- Metabolic and Microvascular Laboratory, School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Wellington, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Greenfield TK, Lui CK, Cook WK, Karriker-Jaffe KJ, Li L, Wilsnack SC, Bloomfield K, Room R, Laslett AM, Bond J, Korcha R. High Intensity Drinking (HID) Assessed by Maximum Quantity Consumed Is an Important Pattern Measure Adding Predictive Value in Higher and Lower Income Societies for Modeling Alcohol-Related Problems. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:3748. [PMID: 36834453 PMCID: PMC9958696 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Adjusting for demographics and standard drinking measures, High Intensity Drinking (HID), indexed by the maximum quantity consumed in a single day in the past 12 months, may be valuable in predicting alcohol dependence other harms across high and low income societies. The data consisted of 17 surveys of adult (15,460 current drinkers; 71% of total surveyed) in Europe (3), the Americas (8), Africa (2), and Asia/Australia (4). Gender-disaggregated country analyses used Poison regression to investigate whether HID (8-11, 12-23, 24+ drinks) was incrementally influential, beyond log drinking volume and HED (Heavy Episodic Drinking, or 5+ days), in predicting drinking problems, adjusting for age and marital status. In adjusted models predicting AUDIT-5 for men, adding HID improved the overall model fit for 11 of 15 countries. For women, 12 of 14 countries with available data showed an improved fit with HID included. The results for the five Life-Area Harms were similar for men. Considering the results by gender, each country showing improvements in model fit by adding HID had larger values of the average difference between high intensity and usual consumption, implying variations in amounts consumed on any given day. The amount consumed/day often greatly exceeded HED levels. In many societies of varying income levels, as hypothesized, HID provided important added information on drinking patterns for predicting harms, beyond the standard volume and binging indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas K. Greenfield
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute (PHI), 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Camillia K. Lui
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute (PHI), 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Won K. Cook
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute (PHI), 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Katherine J. Karriker-Jaffe
- Community Health & Implementation Research Program, Research Triangle Institute, Berkeley Office, CA 94704, USA
| | - Libo Li
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute (PHI), 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Sharon C. Wilsnack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 94704, USA
| | - Kim Bloomfield
- Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, School of Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Robin Room
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University (Melbourne Campus), Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
- Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs, Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anne-Marie Laslett
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University (Melbourne Campus), Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Jason Bond
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute (PHI), 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Rachael Korcha
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute (PHI), 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
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Monkman H, Mir S, Borycki EM, Courtney KL, Bond J, Kushniruk AW. Updating professional competencies in health informatics: A scoping review and consultation with subject matter experts. Int J Med Inform 2023; 170:104969. [PMID: 36572000 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2022.104969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The discipline of health informatics emerged to address the need for uniquely skilled professionals to design, develop, implement, and evaluate health information technology. Core competencies are an essential pre-requisite for establishing a professional discipline such as health informatics. In 2012, Digital Health Canada released a framework (DHC Framework) for Canadian health informatics competencies. Multiple perspectives on health informatics competencies have evolved to reflect global and unique country contexts. In this paper, we will describe a two-phase study in which we ultimately developed a new framework for health informatics competencies. METHODS In Phase 1, we conducted a scoping review of to identify health informatics competencies from research articles and grey literature from professional associations. Of 1038 articles identified in the search, ultimately 38 met our inclusion criteria and were subject to in-depth analysis. We summarized our findings from this phase into a preliminary framework of health informatics competencies and then in Phase 2, we shared these findings with subject matter experts (SMEs; N = 5) to garner their feedback. The SMEs were all instructors in health informatics in Canada and held various roles (director, professor, advisor, and co-operative education coordinator). We used their insights into the current and forecasted Canadian health informatics landscape to iteratively develop a new framework until we achieved consensus amongst the subject matter experts. RESULTS In Phase 1, all competencies of the DHC Framework were supported by the literature. However, we also identified two emergent competencies: Human Factors and Data Science. In Phase 2, consultations with SMEs guided the introduction of one new competency category and seven new competencies. One competency was renamed and two were removed from the DHC Framework. Additionally, we added new terms that encompass the framework and labelled the core of the framework Health Informatics Professionalism. DISCUSSION We found that the DHC Framework did not capture all necessary competencies required by health informatics professionals. Based on the literature and consultations with SMEs, we extended the DHC Framework to better reflect the current Canadian context and propose a new Health Informatics Core Competencies Framework. The new framework can be used to inform Canadian health informatics programs to ensure graduates are equipped for careers in health informatics. Future work includes validating the new framework with Canadian health informatics employers to assess whether this new framework adequately reflects their needs, and more detail may be required to define specific skills necessary in each competency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Monkman
- School of Health Information Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Samiha Mir
- School of Health Information Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Elizabeth M Borycki
- School of Health Information Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Karen L Courtney
- School of Health Information Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jason Bond
- School of Health Information Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andre W Kushniruk
- School of Health Information Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
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French B, Bond J, Tohill M, McAllister SE. 612 Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy for Patients with Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma. an Audit of the First 30 Months of a New Regional Service. Br J Surg 2022. [PMCID: PMC9452115 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac269.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Aim Method Results Conclusions
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Affiliation(s)
- B French
- Queen's University, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - J Bond
- Northern Ireland Regional Plastic Surgery Unit, The Ulster Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - M Tohill
- Northern Ireland Regional Plastic Surgery Unit, The Ulster Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - SE McAllister
- Northern Ireland Regional Plastic Surgery Unit, The Ulster Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom
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Bond J, White K, Wise L. Feasibility of adding a sexual function questionnaire to a preconception cohort study. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.03.584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Choi R, An Y, Aneja S, Bindra R, Bond J, Chiang V, Hansen J, Hebert R, Matouk C, Yu J. Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Pediatric Arteriovenous Malformations: A Case Series Reflecting One Institution’s Experience With Treatment. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Srour AY, Ammar HA, Subedi A, Pimentel M, Cook RL, Bond J, Fakhoury AM. Microbial Communities Associated With Long-Term Tillage and Fertility Treatments in a Corn-Soybean Cropping System. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1363. [PMID: 32670235 PMCID: PMC7330075 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tillage and fertilization are common practices used to enhance soil fertility and increase yield. Changes in soil edaphic properties associated with different tillage and fertility regimes have been widely examined, yet, the microbially mediated pathways and ecological niches involved in enhancing soil fertility are poorly understood. The effects of long-term conventional tillage and no-till in parallel with three fertility treatments (No fertilization, N-only, and NPK) on soil microbial communities were investigated in a long-term field study that was established in the 1970's. Here, we used high-throughput sequencing of bacterial, fungal and oomycetes markers, followed by community-level functional and ecological assembly to discern principles governing tillage and fertility practices' influence on associated soil microbiomes. Both tillage and fertilizer significantly altered microbial community structure, but the tillage effect was more prominent than the fertilizer effect. Tillage significantly affected bacteria, fungi, fusaria, and oomycete beta-diversity, whereas fertilizer only affected bacteria and fungi beta-diversity. In our study different tillage and fertilizer regimes favored specific networks of metabolic pathways and distinct ecological guilds. No-till selected for beneficial microbes that translocate nutrients and resources and protect the host against pathogens. Notably, ecological guilds featuring arbuscular mycorrhizae, mycoparasites, and nematophagous fungi were favored in no-till soils, while fungal saprotrophs and plant pathogens dominated in tilled soils. Conventional till and fertilizer management shifted the communities toward fast growing competitors. Copiotrophic bacteria and fusarium species were favored under conventional tillage and in the presence of fertilizers. The analysis of the metagenomes revealed a higher abundance of predicted pathways associated with energy metabolism, translation, metabolism of cofactors and vitamins, glycan biosynthesis and nucleotide metabolism in no-till. Furthermore, no specific pathways were found to be enriched under the investigated fertilization regimes. Understanding how tillage and fertilizer management shift microbial diversity, structure and ecological niches, such as presented here, can assist with designing farming systems that can maintain high crop yield, while reducing soil erosion and nutrient losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Y. Srour
- Department of Plant, Soil and Agricultural Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, United States
| | - Hala A. Ammar
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Arjun Subedi
- Department of Plant, Soil and Agricultural Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, United States
| | - Mirian Pimentel
- Department of Plant, Soil and Agricultural Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, United States
| | - Rachel L. Cook
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Jason Bond
- Department of Plant, Soil and Agricultural Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, United States
| | - Ahmad M. Fakhoury
- Department of Plant, Soil and Agricultural Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, United States
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Oddy VH, Donaldson AJ, Cameron M, Bond J, Dominik S, Robinson DL. Variation in methane production over time and physiological state in sheep. Anim Prod Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/an17447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Livestock produce 10% of the total CO2-equivalent greenhouse gases in Australia, predominantly as methane from rumen fermentation. Genetic selection has the potential to reduce emissions and be adopted in Australian grazing systems. Developing a breeding objective for reduced methane emissions requires information about heritability, genetic relationships, when best to measure the trait and knowledge of the annual production of methane. Among- and within-animal variation in methane production, methane yield and associated traits were investigated, so as to determine the optimal time of measurement and the relationship between that measurement and the total production of methane. The present study measured 96 ewes for methane production, liveweight, feed intake, rumen volume and components, and volatile fatty acid (VFA) production and composition. Measurements were recorded at three ages and different physiological states, including growing (12 months), dry and pregnant (21 months) and dry (non-pregnant, non-lactating; 28 months of age). The single biggest determinant of methane production was feed intake, but there were additional effects of age, proportion of propionate to (acetate+butyrate) in rumen VFA, total VFA concentration and CO2 flux. Rumen volume and pregnancy status also significantly affected methane production. Methane production, CO2 flux, liveweight, feed intake and rumen volume had high repeatability (>65%), but repeatability of methane yield and VFA traits were low (<20%). There were no interactions between sire and age (or pregnancy status) for methane traits. This suggests that methane could be measured at any time in the production cycle. However, because MY is reduced during pregnancy, it might be best to measure methane traits in dry ewes (neither pregnant nor lactating).
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Yu J, Singh C, Bindra R, Contessa J, Husain Z, Hansen J, Park H, Roberts K, Bond J, Tien C, Guo F, Colaco R, Housri N, Magnuson W, Omay B, Chiang V. A Pilot/Phase II Study of Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Brain Metastases Using Rational Dose Selection. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.1113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Aims and MethodWe aimed to find out how patients on clozapine felt about clozapine treatment. A structured questionnaire was given to 1284 consecutive patients attending 27 clozapine clinics in the UK.ResultsThe response rate was 44.4% (570 forms returned). This cohort of responders to the questionnaire consisted, for the most part, of Caucasian males who had been taking clozapine for more than 2 years. Respondents expressed largely favourable views on clozapine treatment. For example, 86.1% claimed to feel better on clozapine and 88.6% claimed to prefer to remain on clozapine than to change to another drug. Many patients stated that they disliked having to undergo blood testing, but a large majority (87.0%) felt that the advantages of clozapine outweighed disadvantages. All other responses supported this overall favourable view of clozapine therapy.Clinical ImplicationsPatients stabilised on clozapine are largely content with their treatment. These results suggest that clozapine is effective as assessed by patients' own standards and that adherence to therapy is likely to be good.
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Menounos B, Goehring BM, Osborn G, Margold M, Ward B, Bond J, Clarke GKC, Clague JJ, Lakeman T, Koch J, Caffee MW, Gosse J, Stroeven AP, Seguinot J, Heyman J. Cordilleran Ice Sheet mass loss preceded climate reversals near the Pleistocene Termination. Science 2017; 358:781-784. [PMID: 29123066 DOI: 10.1126/science.aan3001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The Cordilleran Ice Sheet (CIS) once covered an area comparable to that of Greenland. Previous geologic evidence and numerical models indicate that the ice sheet covered much of westernmost Canada as late as 12.5 thousand years ago (ka). New data indicate that substantial areas throughout westernmost Canada were ice free prior to 12.5 ka and some as early as 14.0 ka, with implications for climate dynamics and the timing of meltwater discharge to the Pacific and Arctic oceans. Early Bølling-Allerød warmth halved the mass of the CIS in as little as 500 years, causing 2.5 to 3.0 meters of sea-level rise. Dozens of cirque and valley glaciers, along with the southern margin of the CIS, advanced into recently deglaciated regions during the Bølling-Allerød and Younger Dryas.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Menounos
- Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Institute and Geography, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia V2N 4Z9, Canada.
| | - B M Goehring
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - G Osborn
- Department of Geoscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - M Margold
- Geomorphology and Glaciology, Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - B Ward
- Department of Earth Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - J Bond
- Yukon Geological Survey, Whitehorse, Yukon Y1A 2B5, Canada
| | - G K C Clarke
- Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - J J Clague
- Department of Earth Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - T Lakeman
- Geological Survey of Norway, Trondheim 7040, Norway
| | - J Koch
- Department of Geography, Kwantlen Polytechnic University, Surrey, British Columbia V3W 2M8, Canada
| | - M W Caffee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - J Gosse
- Department of Earth Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - A P Stroeven
- Geomorphology and Glaciology, Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.,Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Seguinot
- Geomorphology and Glaciology, Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.,Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Glaciology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - J Heyman
- Geomorphology and Glaciology, Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
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Korcha RA, Cherpitel CJ, Bond J, Ye Y, Monteiro M, Chou P, Borges G, Cook WK, Bassier-Paltoo M, Hao W. Drinking context and cause of injury: Emergency department studies from 22 countries. J Subst Use 2017; 23:240-246. [PMID: 30713470 DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2017.1378747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background It is estimated that up to a third of injuries requiring emergency department admission are alcohol-related. While injuries that are alcohol-related are unsurprising to emergency department staff, less is understood about the precursors to the injury event. Methods Using data from representative emergency department injury patients in 22 countries, we examined associations between context of injury (private or public), cause of injury (fall or trip, being stuck/cut/ or burned and violence) and alcohol use. Alcohol-related policy data were also obtained from each study locale. Results Injuries were similarly reported in private (54%) and public settings (46%) while cause of injury was most often due to falls (39%) or being struck/cut or burned (38%). Violence-related injuries were reported by approximately 1 in 5 patients (23%). Increased odds of drinking prior to the injury event was associated with injury due to violence in private settings but not public venues. Similarly, patients from regions with fewer restrictive alcohol policies were more likely to report drinking prior to an injury event and have elevated violence-related injuries in private settings. Conclusion Understanding the cause and context of injury and alcohol use are important components to evaluation and development of alcohol policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael A Korcha
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Ave. #400, Emeryville, CA USA 94608, 001-510-597-3440
| | - Cheryl J Cherpitel
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Ave. #400, Emeryville, CA USA 94608, 001-510-597-3440
| | - Jason Bond
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Ave. #400, Emeryville, CA USA 94608, 001-510-597-3440
| | - Yu Ye
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Ave. #400, Emeryville, CA USA 94608, 001-510-597-3440
| | | | - Patricia Chou
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Guiherme Borges
- National Institute of Psychiatry and Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Wei Hao
- WHO Collaborating Center for Drug Abuse and Health, China, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Abstract
Information on heavy drinking over the life course might help to explain racial/ethnic disparities in alcohol-related problems, morbidity, and mortality. Using data from the 2009-2010 U.S. National Alcohol Survey (n = 3,026), we analyzed retrospective decades-based measures of heavy drinking during respondents' teens, 20s, 30s, and 40s. Results indicate that Latino men and African American women have greater risk for persistent-high (vs. declining) heavy-drinking trajectories than Caucasian men and women, and that socioeconomic disadvantage partly accounts for this disparity in women. Prospective longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these results and to elucidate the relationship of life-course heavy-drinking patterns with health-related outcomes, and disparities in these.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Mulia
- a Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute , Emeryville , California
| | - Tammy W Tam
- b UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland , Oakland , California
| | - Jason Bond
- a Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute , Emeryville , California
| | - Sarah E Zemore
- a Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute , Emeryville , California
| | - Libo Li
- a Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute , Emeryville , California
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Mulia N, Karriker-Jaffe KJ, Witbrodt J, Bond J, Williams E, Zemore SE. Racial/ethnic differences in 30-year trajectories of heavy drinking in a nationally representative U.S. sample. Drug Alcohol Depend 2017; 170:133-141. [PMID: 27889594 PMCID: PMC5270645 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Racial/ethnic minorities bear a disproportionate burden of alcohol-related problems in the U.S. It is unknown whether this reflects harmful patterns of lifecourse heavy drinking. Prior research shows little support for the latter but has been limited to young samples. We examine racial/ethnic differences in heavy drinking trajectories from ages 21 to 51. METHODS Data on heavy drinking (6+ drinks/occasion) are from the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (N=9468), collected between 1982 and 2012. Sex-stratified, generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to model heavy drinking frequency trajectories as a function of age with a cubic curve, and interactions of race with age terms were tested to assess racial/ethnic differences. Models adjusted for time-varying socioeconomic status and marital and parenting status; predictors of trajectories were examined in race- and sex-specific models. RESULTS White men and women had similarly steep declines in heavy drinking frequency throughout the 20s, contrasting with slower declines (and lower peaks) in Black and Hispanic men and women. During the 30s there was a Hispanic-White crossover in men's heavy drinking curves, and a Black-White female crossover among lifetime heavy drinkers; by age 51, racial/ethnic group trajectories converged in both sexes. Greater education was protective for all groups. CONCLUSION Observed racial/ethnic crossovers in heavy drinking frequency following young adulthood might contribute to disparities in alcohol-related problems in middle adulthood, and suggest a need for targeted interventions during this period. Additionally, interventions that increase educational attainment may constitute an important strategy for reducing heavy drinking in all groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Mulia
- Alcohol Research Group, Emeryville, CA, United States.
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17
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Bernstein J, Bernstein E, Hudson D, Belanoff C, Cabral HJ, Cherpitel CJ, Bond J, Ye Y, Woolard R, Villalobos S, Ramos R. Differences by gender at twelve months in a brief intervention trial among Mexican-origin young adults in the emergency department. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2017; 16:91-108. [PMID: 26821181 PMCID: PMC4733888 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2015.1095667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigate the role of gender in prevalence and consequences of binge drinking and brief intervention outcomes among Mexican-origin young adults aged 18-30 years at the U.S.-Mexico border. We conducted a secondary analysis, stratified by gender, from a randomized controlled trial of a brief motivational intervention in a hospital emergency department. Intervention effects for males included reductions in drinking frequency, binge drinking, and alcohol-related consequences. For females the intervention was associated with reduction in drinking frequency and binge drinking but did not have a significant effect on alcohol-related consequences. Results suggest a new direction for tailoring interventions to gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Bernstein
- a Boston University School of Public Health , Boston , Massachusetts
| | - Edward Bernstein
- a Boston University School of Public Health , Boston , Massachusetts
| | - Dantia Hudson
- a Boston University School of Public Health , Boston , Massachusetts
| | - Candice Belanoff
- a Boston University School of Public Health , Boston , Massachusetts
| | - Howard J Cabral
- a Boston University School of Public Health , Boston , Massachusetts
| | - Cheryl J Cherpitel
- b Public Health Institute , Alcohol Research Group , Emeryville , California
| | - Jason Bond
- b Public Health Institute , Alcohol Research Group , Emeryville , California
| | - Yu Ye
- b Public Health Institute , Alcohol Research Group , Emeryville , California
| | - Robert Woolard
- c Texas Tech University Health Science Center , El Paso , Texas
| | | | - Rebeca Ramos
- d Alliance for Border Collaboratives , El Paso , Texas
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Boissinot M, King H, Adams M, Higgins J, Steele LP, Wurdak H, Bond J, Tomlinson DC, Lawler SE, Short SC. P01.01 Ectopic expression of microRNA-1300 in adult and paediatric glioma cells induces cytokinesis failure and apoptosis via ECT2. Neuro Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now188.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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19
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Kann B, Yu J, Bond J, Loiselle C, Chiang V, Bindra R, Gerrard J, Carlson D. The Impact of Cobalt-60 Source Age on Biologically Effective Dose in Stereotactic Radiosurgery Thalamotomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.2038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Xiang R, McNally J, Rowe SJ, Jonker A, Pinares-Patino C, Bond J, Oddyar HV, Vercoe P, McEwan JC, Dalrymple BP. P3048 Gene network analysis identifies rumen epithelial processes perturbed by diet and correlated with methane production and yield. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jas2016.94supplement476a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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21
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Bond J. Radiation Protection in Computed Tomography Imaging. Radiol Technol 2016; 87:705-706. [PMID: 27390240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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22
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Segars WP, Norris H, Sturgeon GM, Zhang Y, Bond J, Minhas A, Tward DJ, Ratnanather JT, Miller MI, Frush D, Samei E. The development of a population of 4D pediatric XCAT phantoms for imaging research and optimization. Med Phys 2016; 42:4719-26. [PMID: 26233199 DOI: 10.1118/1.4926847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We previously developed a set of highly detailed 4D reference pediatric extended cardiac-torso (XCAT) phantoms at ages of newborn, 1, 5, 10, and 15 yr with organ and tissue masses matched to ICRP Publication 89 values. In this work, we extended this reference set to a series of 64 pediatric phantoms of varying age and height and body mass percentiles representative of the public at large. The models will provide a library of pediatric phantoms for optimizing pediatric imaging protocols. METHODS High resolution positron emission tomography-computed tomography data obtained from the Duke University database were reviewed by a practicing experienced radiologist for anatomic regularity. The CT portion of the data was then segmented with manual and semiautomatic methods to form a target model defined using nonuniform rational B-spline surfaces. A multichannel large deformation diffeomorphic metric mapping algorithm was used to calculate the transform from the best age matching pediatric XCAT reference phantom to the patient target. The transform was used to complete the target, filling in the nonsegmented structures and defining models for the cardiac and respiratory motions. The complete phantoms, consisting of thousands of structures, were then manually inspected for anatomical accuracy. The mass for each major tissue was calculated and compared to linearly interpolated ICRP values for different ages. RESULTS Sixty four new pediatric phantoms were created in this manner. Each model contains the same level of detail as the original XCAT reference phantoms and also includes parameterized models for the cardiac and respiratory motions. For the phantoms that were 10 yr old and younger, we included both sets of reproductive organs. This gave them the capability to simulate both male and female anatomy. With this, the population can be expanded to 92. Wide anatomical variation was clearly seen amongst the phantom models, both in organ shape and size, even for models of the same age and sex. The phantoms can be combined with existing simulation packages to generate realistic pediatric imaging data from different modalities. CONCLUSIONS This work provides a large cohort of highly detailed pediatric phantoms with 4D capabilities of varying age, height, and body mass. The population of phantoms will provide a vital tool with which to optimize 3D and 4D pediatric imaging devices and techniques in terms of image quality and radiation-absorbed dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Segars
- Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27705
| | - Hannah Norris
- Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27705
| | - Gregory M Sturgeon
- Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27705
| | - Yakun Zhang
- Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27705
| | - Jason Bond
- Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27705
| | - Anum Minhas
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27705
| | - Daniel J Tward
- Center for Imaging Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | - J T Ratnanather
- Center for Imaging Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | - M I Miller
- Center for Imaging Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | - D Frush
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27705
| | - E Samei
- Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27705
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Borges G, Zemore S, Orozco R, Cherpitel CJ, Ye Y, Bond J, Maxwell JC, Wallisch L. Co-occurrence of alcohol, drug use, DSM-5 alcohol use disorder, and symptoms of drug use disorder on both sides of the U.S.-Mexico border. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2016; 39:679-87. [PMID: 25833029 DOI: 10.1111/acer.12672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The U.S.-Mexico border displays elevated rates of hazardous alcohol and drug use. Whether the co-occurrence of alcohol and drug use and disorders is also high in the border area is unknown. METHODS Data are from the U.S.-Mexico Study on Alcohol and Related Conditions, a cross-sectional survey of randomly selected respondents interviewed from 2011 to 2013. Participants included 1,690 Mexican Americans from Texas (572 in an off-border city and 1,118 from 3 border cities) and 1,293 Mexicans from Nuevo Leon and Tamaulipas (415 in an off-border city and 878 from 3 Mexican cities bordering Texas) who reported drinking in the last 12 months. Participants were interviewed regarding the prevalence of and risk factors for: (i) co-occurring hazardous alcohol use (5+/4+ at least monthly) and drug use (medical and illicit) and (ii) co-occurring presence of a DSM-5 alcohol use disorder (AUD) and 2 symptoms (hazardous use and quit/control) of drug use disorder (DUD symptoms). RESULTS Co-occurring hazardous alcohol and drug use was more common in the U.S. border cities (14.7%) than off-border (7.2%), but similar for Mexican border (1.2%) and off-border (1.4%) cities. Co-occurrence of AUD and DUD symptoms was likewise more common at the U.S. border (6.8%) than off-border (3.3%), as well as at the Mexican border (1.3%), compared to off-border (0.6%), but not statistically significant for Mexico. In models adjusting for demographics, mobility factors and exposure to the U.S. culture, border residence in both countries related to a nearly twofold increase in prevalence ratios (PRs) of co-occurring AUD and DUD symptoms (PR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.36 to 2.85). CONCLUSIONS Increased rates of co-occurring AUDs and DUDs suggest an added negative impact on already difficult conditions of the border population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Borges
- Dirección de Investigaciones Epidemiológicas y Psicosociales and Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana , Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente, Mexico City, Mexico
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Wiley JA, Martin JL, Herschkorn SJ, Bond J. Correction: A New Extension of the Binomial Error Model for Responses to Items of Varying Difficulty in Educational Testing and Attitude Surveys. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144563. [PMID: 26633183 PMCID: PMC4669111 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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25
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Korcha RA, Polcin DL, Mericle AA, Bond J. Sober living houses: research in northern and southern California. Addict Sci Clin Pract 2015. [PMCID: PMC4347505 DOI: 10.1186/1940-0640-10-s1-a30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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26
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Wiley JA, Martin JL, Herschkorn SJ, Bond J. A New Extension of the Binomial Error Model for Responses to Items of Varying Difficulty in Educational Testing and Attitude Surveys. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141981. [PMID: 26544974 PMCID: PMC4636229 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We put forward a new item response model which is an extension of the binomial error model first introduced by Keats and Lord. Like the binomial error model, the basic latent variable can be interpreted as a probability of responding in a certain way to an arbitrarily specified item. For a set of dichotomous items, this model gives predictions that are similar to other single parameter IRT models (such as the Rasch model) but has certain advantages in more complex cases. The first is that in specifying a flexible two-parameter Beta distribution for the latent variable, it is easy to formulate models for randomized experiments in which there is no reason to believe that either the latent variable or its distribution vary over randomly composed experimental groups. Second, the elementary response function is such that extensions to more complex cases (e.g., polychotomous responses, unfolding scales) are straightforward. Third, the probability metric of the latent trait allows tractable extensions to cover a wide variety of stochastic response processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A. Wiley
- Department of Family and Community Medicine and Institute for Health Policy Studies, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - John Levi Martin
- Sociology Department, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Stephen J. Herschkorn
- Department of Mathematics, College of Staten Island, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Jason Bond
- Alcohol Research Group, Emeryville, California, United States of America
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Cherpitel CJ, Ye Y, Bond J, Borges G, Monteiro M, Chou P, Hao W. Alcohol Attributable Fraction for Injury Morbidity from the Dose-Response Relationship of Acute Alcohol Consumption: Emergency Department Data from 18 Countries. Addiction 2015; 110:1724-32. [PMID: 26119350 PMCID: PMC4609233 DOI: 10.1111/add.13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To calculate the alcohol-attributable fraction (AAF) of injury morbidity by volume of consumption prior to injury based on newly reported relative risk (RR) estimates. DESIGN AAF estimates based on the dose-response RR estimates obtained from previous pair-matched case-crossover fractional polynomial analysis of mean volume in volume categories were calculated from the prevalence of drinking prior to injury in each volume category. SETTING Thirty-seven emergency departments (EDs) across 18 countries. PARTICIPANTS Probability samples of patients, with equal representation of each shift for each day of the week, totaling 14,026 who arrived at the ED within six hours of injury from ED studies conducted between 2001 and 2011. MEASUREMENTS AAF was analyzed by gender, age (18-30; >30), cause of injury (traffic, assault, fall, other), and country detrimental drinking pattern (DDP). FINDINGS For the EDs analyzed, 16.4% of all injuries were estimated to be attributable to alcohol, and the AAF did not vary by age but was over twice as large for males (20.6%; 19.3-21.8) than for females (8.6%; 7.5-9.7%). While females were at greater risk of injury than males at higher volume levels, lower prevalence of women drinking at higher levels contributed to overall lower AAF for women. Assault-related injuries showed the largest AAF (44.1%; 37.6-42.6). AAF was slightly higher for injuries from falls (14.3%; 12.9-15.7) than motor vehicle crashes (11.1%; 9.3-12.9). AAF was higher in those countries with a DDP of 3 (18.6; 17.5-19.7) and 4 (19.4%; 17.3-21.6) than those with a DDP of 2 (12.0%; 10.5-13.5). CONCLUSIONS Alcohol-attributable injuries presenting in emergency departments are higher for males than females, for violence-related injuries compared with other types of injury, and for countries with more detrimental drinking patterns compared with those with less detrimental patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl J. Cherpitel
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Avenue Suite 400, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA
| | - Yu Ye
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Avenue Suite 400, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA
| | - Jason Bond
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Avenue Suite 400, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA
| | - Guilherme Borges
- Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria, Tlalpan, Mexico DF, MEXICO
| | | | - Patricia Chou
- National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Washington DC
| | - Wei Hao
- Hunan Medical University, Changsa, China
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Boissinot M, Adams M, Higgins J, King H, Tams D, Steele L, Morton R, Hayes J, Droop A, Bond J, Tomlinson D, Lawler S, Short S. PO24A HIGH-THROUGHPUT SCREEN IDENTIFIES MICRORNA-1300 AS A POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC MICRORNA CAUSING CYTOKINESIS FAILURE AND APOPTOSIS IN GLIOBLASTOMA CELLS. Neuro Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov284.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Cherpitel CJ, Ye Y, Zemore SE, Bond J, Borges G. The effect of cross-border mobility on alcohol and drug use among Mexican-American residents living at the U.S.-Mexico border. Addict Behav 2015; 50:28-33. [PMID: 26103423 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Little epidemiological evidence exists on alcohol or other substance use and related problems along the U.S.-Mexico border, although the border has been the focus of recent media attention related to the escalating drug/violence "epidemic". The purpose of this study was to analyze the association of variables related to crossing the border (cross-border mobility) with three substance use outcomes reported for the last year: 1) heavy drinking (5+ drinks per day for men or 4+ for women), 2) alcohol use disorder (AUD), and 3) co-occurring heavy drinking and drug use (any use of illicit and/or non-medically prescribed drugs). METHODS Household surveys were conducted, using area probability sampling of 1565 Mexican-American residents, aged 18-65, living at the Texas-Mexico border in the metropolitan areas of Laredo and McAllen/Brownsville. RESULTS Among those 18-29, more frequent crossing of the border was significantly predictive of AUD (OR = 1.61, p < 0.01) and co-occurring heavy drinking and drug use (OR = 1.70, p < 0.01). Staying more than one full day was predictive of AUD (OR = 3.07, p < 0.001) and crossing to obtain over-the-counter or prescription drugs ("drug tourism") or for nightlife/drinking were predictive of heavy drinking (ORs = 4.14, p < 0.001; 3.92, p < 0.01, respectively), AUD (ORs = 7.56, p < 0.001; 7.68, p < 0.01, respectively) and co-occurring heavy drinking and drug use (ORs = 8.53, p < 0.01; 4.96, p < 0.01, respectively). Among those 30-65, staying more than a full day and crossing for pharmaceutical reasons were predictive of heavy drinking (OR = 2.54, p < 0.001; 2.61, p < 0.05, respectively) and co-occurring heavy drinking and drug use (OR = 3.31, p < 0.001; 4.86, p < 0.01, respectively), while none of the mobility variables were predictive of AUD in this age group. CONCLUSIONS Cross-border mobility may play an important role in substance use and problems, especially among those 18-29. Findings also highlight the importance of "drug tourism" in substance use across the age spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu Ye
- Alcohol Research Group, Emeryville, CA 94608, United States
| | - Sarah E Zemore
- Alcohol Research Group, Emeryville, CA 94608, United States
| | - Jason Bond
- Alcohol Research Group, Emeryville, CA 94608, United States
| | - Guilherme Borges
- National Institute of Psychiatry, Autonomous Metropolitan University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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Andreuccetti G, Carvalho HB, Ye Y, Bond J, Monteiro M, Borges G, Cherpitel CJ. Does Beverage Type and Drinking Context Matter in an Alcohol-Related Injury? Evidence from Emergency Department Patients in Latin America. Int J Epidemiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv096.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Kaskutas LA, Borkman TJ, Laudet A, Ritter LA, Witbrodt J, Subbaraman MS, Stunz A, Bond J. Elements that define recovery: the experiential perspective. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2015; 75:999-1010. [PMID: 25343658 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2014.75.999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although recovery increasingly guides substance use disorder services and policy, definitions of recovery continue to lack specificity, thereby hindering measure development and research. The goal of this study was to move the substance use disorders field beyond broad definitions by empirically identifying the domains and specific elements of recovery as experienced by persons in recovery from diverse pathways. METHOD An Internet-based survey was completed by 9,341 individuals (54% female) who self-identified as being in recovery, recovered, in medication-assisted recovery, or as having had a problem with alcohol or drugs (but no longer do). Respondents were recruited via extensive outreach with treatment and recovery organizations, electronic media, and self-help groups. The survey included 47 recovery elements developed through qualitative work followed by an iterative reduction process. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted using split-half samples, followed by sensitivity analyses for key sample groupings. RESULTS Four recovery domains with 35 recovery elements emerged: abstinence in recovery, essentials of recovery, enriched recovery, and spirituality of recovery. The four-factor structure was robust regardless of length of recovery, 12-step or treatment exposure, and current substance use status. Four uncommon elements did not load on any factor but are presented to indicate the diversity of definitions. CONCLUSIONS Our empirical findings offer specific items that can be used in evaluating recovery-oriented systems of care. Researchers studying recovery should include measures that extend beyond substance use and encompass elements such as those examined here--e.g., self-care, concern for others, personal growth, and developing ways of being that sustain change in substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Ann Kaskutas
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, California, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Thomasina J Borkman
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, California, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia
| | - Alexandre Laudet
- Center for the Study of Addictions and Recovery, National Development and Research Institutes, Inc., New York, New York
| | - Lois A Ritter
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, California, Department of Public Affairs & Administration, California State University East Bay, Hayward, California
| | - Jane Witbrodt
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, California
| | - Meenakshi Sabina Subbaraman
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, California, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Aina Stunz
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, California
| | - Jason Bond
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, California
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Cherpitel CJ, Ye Y, Bond J, Woolard R, Villalobos S, Bernstein J, Bernstein E, Ramos R. Brief Intervention in the Emergency Department Among Mexican-Origin Young Adults at the US-Mexico Border: Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Using Promotores. Alcohol Alcohol 2015; 51:154-63. [PMID: 26243733 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agv084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS A randomized controlled trial of brief intervention (BI), for drinking and related problems, using peer health promotion advocates (promotores), was conducted among at-risk and alcohol-dependent Mexican-origin young adult emergency department (ED) patients, aged 18-30. METHODS Six hundred and ninety-eight patients were randomized to: screened only (n = 78), assessed (n = 310) and intervention (n = 310). Primary outcomes were at-risk drinking and Rapid Alcohol Problems Screen (RAPS4) scores. Secondary outcomes were drinking days per week, drinks per drinking day, maximum drinks in a day and negative consequences of drinking. RESULTS At 3- and 12-month follow-up the intervention condition showed significantly lower values or trends on all outcome variables compared to the assessed condition, with the exception of the RAPS4 score; e.g. at-risk drinking days dropped from 2.9 to 1.7 at 3 months for the assessed condition and from 3.2 to 1.2 for the intervention condition. Using random effects modeling controlling for demographics and baseline values, the intervention condition showed significantly greater improvement in all consumption measures at 12 months, but not in the RAPS4 or negative consequences of drinking. Improvements in outcomes were significantly more evident for non-injured patients, those reporting drinking prior to the event, and those lower on risk taking disposition. CONCLUSIONS At 12-month follow-up this study demonstrated significantly improved drinking outcomes for Mexican-origin young adults in the ED who received a BI delivered by promotores compared to those who did not. TRIAL REGISTER ClinicalTrials.gov. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02056535.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl J Cherpitel
- Public Health Institute, Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Avenue, Suite 400, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Yu Ye
- Public Health Institute, Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Avenue, Suite 400, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Jason Bond
- Public Health Institute, Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Avenue, Suite 400, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Robert Woolard
- Texas Tech University Health Science Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | - Rebeca Ramos
- Alliance of Border Collaboratives, El Paso, TX, USA
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Awuni GA, Gore J, Cook D, Musser F, Bond J. Seasonal Abundance and Phenology of Oebalus pugnax (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on Graminaceous Hosts in the Delta Region of Mississippi. Environ Entomol 2015; 44:931-8. [PMID: 26314038 PMCID: PMC4584821 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvv093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The rice stink bug, Oebalus pugnax (F.), is a graminaceous feeder, and the most injurious insect pest of heading rice, Oryza sativa L., in the United States. Rice growers are aware of the economic importance of host grasses in O. pugnax abundance. However, the need for increased knowledge of host sequence relative to O. pugnax abundance is vital. Densities of O. pugnax on 15 graminaceous hosts were evaluated in the central Mississippi Delta from April through August in 2011 and 2012. Two cultivated and 13 wild host grasses were sampled using a sweep net. Overall, populations of O. pugnax were lower in 2012 than in 2011. Italian ryegrass, Lolium perenne L. ssp. multiflorum (Lambert), was the main host that supported O. pugnax survival and reproduction from overwintering to early summer. Echinochloa spp., Digitaria spp., and Eriochloa spp. maintained greater populations of O. pugnax in the summer. Browntop millet, Urochloa ramosa (L.) Nguyen, and broadleaf signalgrass, U. platyphylla (Munro ex C. Wright) R. D. Webster, were important for populations of O. pugnax populations immediately prior to overwintering. Host switching was also an important factor that contributed to O. pugnax abundance. The evolution of Italian ryegrass resistance to the broad spectrum herbicide glyphosate in the central Mississippi delta has become an important component of O. pugnax population dynamics because of its increased abundance in and around agricultural areas. Cultural control measures on host grasses before flowering could result in less use of insecticides, thereby reducing cost of rice production.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Awuni
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762. Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
| | - J Gore
- Delta Research and Extension Center (DREC), Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS 38776.
| | - D Cook
- Delta Research and Extension Center (DREC), Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS 38776
| | - F Musser
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
| | - J Bond
- Delta Research and Extension Center (DREC), Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS 38776
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Polcin DL, Bond J, Korcha R, Nayak MB, Galloway GP, Evans K. Randomized trial of intensive motivational interviewing for methamphetamine dependence. J Addict Dis 2015; 33:253-65. [PMID: 25115166 DOI: 10.1080/10550887.2014.950029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
An intensive, 9-session motivational interviewing (IMI) intervention was assessed using a randomized clinical trial of 217 methamphetamine (MA) dependent individuals. Intensive motivational interviewing (IMI) was compared with a single standard session of MI (SMI) combined with eight nutrition education sessions. Interventions were delivered weekly over 2 months. All study participants also received standard outpatient group treatment three times per week. Both study groups showed significant decreases in MA use and Addiction Severity Index drug scores, but there were no significant differences between the two groups. However, reductions in Addiction Severity Index psychiatric severity scores and days of psychiatric problems during the past 30 days were found for clients in the IMI group but not the SMI group. SMI may be equally beneficial to IMI in reducing MA use and problem severity, but IMI may help alleviate co-occurring psychiatric problems that are unaffected by shorter MI interventions. Additional studies are needed to assess the problems, populations, and contexts for which IMI is effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas L Polcin
- a Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute , Emeryville , California , USA
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Awaji A, Shaaban A, Shukla S, Bond J, Morrison E, Cookson V, Bell S. Evaluation of the role of MCPH1 and p53 expression in response to chemotherapy and subsequent survival in breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv117.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Cook WK, Karriker-Jaffe KJ, Bond J, Lui C. Asian American problem drinking trajectories during the transition to adulthood: ethnic drinking cultures and neighborhood contexts. Am J Public Health 2015; 105:1020-7. [PMID: 25393183 PMCID: PMC4386507 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2014.302196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify problem drinking trajectories and their predictors among Asian Americans transitioning from adolescence to adulthood. We considered cultural and socioeconomic contextual factors, specifically ethnic drinking cultures, neighborhood socioeconomic status, and neighborhood coethnic density, to identify subgroups at high risk for developing problematic drinking trajectories. METHODS We used a sample of 1333 Asian Americans from 4 waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (1994-2008) in growth mixture models to identify trajectory classes of frequent heavy episodic drinking and drunkenness. We fitted multinomial logistic regression models to identify predictors of trajectory class membership. RESULTS Two dimensions of ethnic drinking culture-drinking prevalence and detrimental drinking pattern in the country of origin-were predictive of problematic heavy episodic drinking and drunkenness trajectories. Higher neighborhood socioeconomic status in adolescence was predictive of the trajectory class indicating increasing frequency of drunkenness. Neighborhood coethnic density was not predictive of trajectory class membership. CONCLUSIONS Drinking cultures in the country of origin may have enduring effects on drinking among Asian Americans. Further research on ethnic drinking cultures in the United States is warranted for prevention and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Kim Cook
- All authors are with the Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, CA. Camillia Lui is also with the School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley
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Polcin DL, Korcha R, Bond J, Galloway G, Nayak M. Changes in psychiatric symptoms among persons with methamphetamine dependence predicts changes in severity of drug problems but not frequency of use. Subst Abus 2015; 37:209-14. [PMID: 25775225 DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2015.1015701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have examined how changes in psychiatric symptoms over time are associated with changes in drug use and severity of drug problems. No studies have examined these relationships among methamphetamine (MA)-dependent persons receiving motivational interviewing within the context of standard outpatient treatment. METHODS Two hundred seventeen individuals with MA dependence were randomly assigned to a standard single session of motivational interviewing (MI) or an intensive 9-session model of MI. Both groups received standard outpatient group treatment. The Addiction Severity Index (ASI) and timeline follow-back (TLFB) for MA use were administered at treatment entry and 2-, 4-, and 6-month follow-ups. RESULTS Changes in ASI psychiatric severity between baseline and 2 months predicted changes in ASI drug severity during the same time period, but not changes on measures of MA use. Item analysis of the ASI drug scale showed that psychiatric severity predicted how troubled or bothered participants were by their drug us, how important they felt it was for them to get treatment, and the number of days they experienced drug problems. However, it did not predict the number days they used drugs in the past 30 days. These associations did not differ between study conditions, and they persisted when psychiatric severity and outcomes were compared across 4- and 6-month time periods. CONCLUSIONS Results are among the first to track how changes in psychiatric severity over time are associated with changes in MA use and severity of drug problems. Treatment efforts targeting reduction of psychiatric symptoms among MA-dependent persons might be helpful in reducing the level of distress and problems associated with MA use but not how often it is used. There is a need for additional research describing the circumstances under which the experiences and perceptions of drug-related problems diverge from frequency of consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachael Korcha
- a Alcohol Research Group , Emeryville , California , USA
| | - Jason Bond
- a Alcohol Research Group , Emeryville , California , USA
| | - Gantt Galloway
- b California Pacific Medical Center , San Francisco , California , USA
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Cherpitel CJ, Ye Y, Bond J, Zemore SE, Borges G, Greenfield TK. Border effects on DSM-5 alcohol use disorders on both sides of the U.S.-Mexico border. Drug Alcohol Depend 2015; 148:172-9. [PMID: 25649987 PMCID: PMC4330123 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little epidemiological evidence exists on alcohol use and related problems along the U.S.-Mexico border, although the borderlands have been the focus of recent media attention related to the escalating drug/violence "epidemic". In the present study, the relationship of proximity of living at the border and alcohol use disorders (AUDs) is analyzed from the U.S.-Mexico Study on Alcohol and Related Conditions (UMSARC). METHODS Household surveys were conducted on 2336 Mexican Americans in Texas (771 in a non-border city and 1565 from three border cities located in the three poorest counties in the U.S.) and 2460 Mexicans from the states of Nuevo Leon and Tamaulipas in Mexico (811 in a non-border city and 1649 from three cities which are sister cities to the Texas border sites). RESULTS Among current drinkers, prevalence of AUD was marginally greater (p<0.10) at the U.S. border compared to the non-border, but the opposite was true in Mexico (p<0.001), and these trends continued on both sides across volume and 5+ drinking days. Prevalence was greater in Laredo/Nuevo Laredo relative to their respective sister city counterparts on the same side. Border effects appeared greater for males than females in the U.S. and the opposite in Mexico. CONCLUSION The data suggest that border proximity may affect AUD in both the U.S. and Mexico, but in the opposite direction, and may be related to the relative perceived or actual stress of living in the respective communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl J Cherpitel
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Avenue, Suite 400, Emeryville, CA 94608, United States.
| | - Yu Ye
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Avenue, Suite 400, Emeryville, CA 94608, United States
| | - Jason Bond
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Avenue, Suite 400, Emeryville, CA 94608, United States
| | - Sarah E Zemore
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Avenue, Suite 400, Emeryville, CA 94608, United States
| | - Guilherme Borges
- National Institute of Psychiatry, Autonomous Metropolitan University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Thomas K Greenfield
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Avenue, Suite 400, Emeryville, CA 94608, United States
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Cherpitel CJ, Ye Y, Bond J, Borges G, Monteiro M. Relative risk of injury from acute alcohol consumption: modeling the dose-response relationship in emergency department data from 18 countries. Addiction 2015; 110:279-88. [PMID: 25355374 PMCID: PMC4302018 DOI: 10.1111/add.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To update and extend analysis of the dose-response relationship of injury and drinking by demographic and injury subgroups and country-level drinking pattern, and examine the validity and efficiency of the fractional polynomial approach to modeling this relationship. DESIGN Pair-matched case-cross-over analysis of drinking prior to injury, using categorical step-function and fractional polynomial analysis. SETTING Thirty-seven emergency departments (EDs) across 18 countries. PARTICIPANTS A total of 13 119 injured drinkers arriving at the ED within 6 hours of the event. MEASUREMENTS The dose-response relationship was analyzed by gender, age, cause of injury (traffic, violence, fall, other) and country detrimental drinking pattern (DDP). FINDINGS Estimated risks were similar between the two analytical methods, with injury risk doubling at one drink [odds ratio (OR) = 2.3-2.7] and peaking at about 30 drinks. Although risk was similar for males and females up to three drinks (OR = 4.6), it appeared to increase more rapidly for females and was significantly higher starting from 20 drinks [female OR = 28.6; confidence interval (CI) = 16.8, 48.9; male OR = 12.8; CI = 10.1, 16.3]. No significant differences were found across age groups. Risk was significantly higher for violence-related injury than for other causes across the volume range. Risk was also higher at all volumes for DDP-3 compared with DDP-2 countries. CONCLUSIONS There is an increasing risk relationship between alcohol and injury but risk is not uniform across gender, cause of injury or country drinking pattern. The fractional polynomial approach is a valid and efficient approach for modeling the alcohol injury risk relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl J. Cherpitel
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Avenue Suite 400, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA
| | - Yu Ye
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Avenue Suite 400, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA
| | - Jason Bond
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Avenue Suite 400, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA
| | - Guilherme Borges
- Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria, Tlalpan, Mexico DF, MEXICO
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Woolard R, Liu J, Parsa M, Merriman G, Tarwater P, Alba I, Villalobos S, Ramos R, Bernstein J, Bernstein E, Bond J, Cherpitel CJ. Smoking Is Associated with Increased Risk of Binge Drinking in a Young Adult Hispanic Population at the US-Mexico Border. Subst Abus 2015; 36:318-24. [PMID: 25492554 PMCID: PMC4461552 DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2014.987945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examines factors related to general health and health behavior, including smoking, that may be associated with binge drinking, drinking "at risk," and potential for alcohol use disorder among young adults of Mexican ancestry. METHODS A total of 2191 young adult emergency department (ED) patients (18-30 years) of Mexican ancestry in a public hospital proximate to the US-Mexico border completed health surveys while they were waiting to be treated, including questions on general health, drinking, smoking, and drug use. RESULTS Thirty-seven percent of the study participants reported binge drinking, 38% were "at-risk" alcohol users (above National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism guidelines), and 22% were Rapid Alcohol Problem Screen (RAPS) positive (indicating potential for alcohol use disorder). Smoking was reported by 31%, marijuana use by 16%, and other drug use by 9%. Multiple variable models revealed that smoking was the strongest factor associated with binge drinking. Those who smoked were 3.1 (P < .0001) times more likely to binge drink. Other factors independently associated with binge drinking were age 22-25 years (odds ratio [OR] = 1.5, P = .003), male gender (OR = 1.5, P = .0001), and ED visit for injury (OR = 1.4, P = .007). CONCLUSIONS There is a strong association of smoking and binge drinking. Study findings suggest that brief interventions designed to reduce preventable health risks for young Hispanics should include discussion of both binge drinking and smoking behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Woolard
- a Texas Tech University Health Science Center , El Paso , Texas , USA
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Greenfield TK, Karriker-Jaffe KJ, Giesbrecht N, Kerr WC, Ye Y, Bond J. Second-hand drinking may increase support for alcohol policies: new results from the 2010 National Alcohol Survey. Drug Alcohol Rev 2014; 33:259-67. [PMID: 24761758 DOI: 10.1111/dar.12131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS The harms of second-hand smoke motivated tobacco control legislation. Documenting the effects of harms from others' drinking might increase popular and political will for enacting alcohol policies. We investigated the individual-level relationship between having experienced such harms and favouring alcohol policy measures, adjusting for other influences. DESIGN AND METHODS We used the landline sample (n = 6957) of the 2010 National Alcohol Survey, a computer-assisted telephone interview survey based on a random household sample in the USA. Multivariable regression models adjusted for personal characteristics, including drinking pattern (volume and heavy drinking), were used to investigate the ability of six harms from others' drinking to predict a three-item measure of favour for stronger alcohol policies. RESULTS Adjusting for demographics and drinking pattern, number of harms from others' drinking predicted support for alcohol policies (P < 0.001). In a similar model, family- and aggression-related harms, riding with a drink driver and being concerned about another's drinking all significantly influenced favour for stronger alcohol policy. DISCUSSION Although cross-sectional data cannot prove a causal influence or directionality, the association found is consistent with the hypothesis that experiencing harms from others' drinking (experienced by a majority) makes one more likely to favour alcohol policies. Other things equal, women, racial/ethnic minorities, lower-income individuals and lighter drinkers tend to be more supportive of alcohol controls and policies. CONCLUSIONS Studies that estimate the impact of harms from other drinkers on those victimised are important and now beginning. Next we need to learn how such information could affect decision makers and legislators.
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Norris H, Zhang Y, Bond J, Sturgeon GM, Minhas A, Tward DJ, Ratnanather JT, Miller MI, Frush D, Samei E, Segars WP. A set of 4D pediatric XCAT reference phantoms for multimodality research. Med Phys 2014; 41:033701. [PMID: 24593745 DOI: 10.1118/1.4864238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The authors previously developed an adult population of 4D extended cardiac-torso (XCAT) phantoms for multimodality imaging research. In this work, the authors develop a reference set of 4D pediatric XCAT phantoms consisting of male and female anatomies at ages of newborn, 1, 5, 10, and 15 years. These models will serve as the foundation from which the authors will create a vast population of pediatric phantoms for optimizing pediatric CT imaging protocols. METHODS Each phantom was based on a unique set of CT data from a normal patient obtained from the Duke University database. The datasets were selected to best match the reference values for height and weight for the different ages and genders according to ICRP Publication 89. The major organs and structures were segmented from the CT data and used to create an initial pediatric model defined using nonuniform rational B-spline surfaces. The CT data covered the entire torso and part of the head. To complete the body, the authors manually added on the top of the head and the arms and legs using scaled versions of the XCAT adult models or additional models created from cadaver data. A multichannel large deformation diffeomorphic metric mapping algorithm was then used to calculate the transform from a template XCAT phantom (male or female 50th percentile adult) to the target pediatric model. The transform was applied to the template XCAT to fill in any unsegmented structures within the target phantom and to implement the 4D cardiac and respiratory models in the new anatomy. The masses of the organs in each phantom were matched to the reference values given in ICRP Publication 89. The new reference models were checked for anatomical accuracy via visual inspection. RESULTS The authors created a set of ten pediatric reference phantoms that have the same level of detail and functionality as the original XCAT phantom adults. Each consists of thousands of anatomical structures and includes parameterized models for the cardiac and respiratory motions. Based on patient data, the phantoms capture the anatomic variations of childhood, such as the development of bone in the skull, pelvis, and long bones, and the growth of the vertebrae and organs. The phantoms can be combined with existing simulation packages to generate realistic pediatric imaging data from different modalities. CONCLUSIONS The development of patient-derived pediatric computational phantoms is useful in providing variable anatomies for simulation. Future work will expand this ten-phantom base to a host of pediatric phantoms representative of the public at large. This can provide a means to evaluate and improve pediatric imaging devices and to optimize CT protocols in terms of image quality and radiation dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Norris
- Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27705
| | - Yakun Zhang
- Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27705
| | - Jason Bond
- Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27705
| | - Gregory M Sturgeon
- Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27705
| | - Anum Minhas
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Daniel J Tward
- Center for Imaging Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | - J T Ratnanather
- Center for Imaging Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | - M I Miller
- Center for Imaging Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | - D Frush
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - E Samei
- Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27705
| | - W P Segars
- Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27705
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Colaco R, Martin P, Bond J, Bindra R, Contessa J, Kluger H, Yu J, Chiang V. BM-10 * SYSTEMIC TREATMENT AND RADIATION NECROSIS FOLLOWING GKSRS IN THE TREATMENT OF BRAIN METASTASES. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou240.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Greenfield TK, Nayak MB, Bond J, Kerr WC, Ye Y. Test-retest reliability and validity of life-course alcohol consumption measures: the 2005 National Alcohol Survey follow-up. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2014; 38:2479-87. [PMID: 25070623 DOI: 10.1111/acer.12480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies assess reliability and validity of lifetime alcohol measures. We undertook extended test-retest analyses of retrospective lifetime drinking measures and of incremental predictive ability of lifetime heavy drinking (days 5+ drinks) in teens, 20s, and 30s for current (12-month) alcohol use disorders (AUDs). METHODS A subset (31.4%; 962 men, 1,220 women) of the 2005 U.S. National Alcohol Survey (NAS; N11) completed a follow-up survey (N11T) by phone or mail (mean delay of 2.7 years). Both surveys assessed lifetime drinking. RESULTS In N11T, drinking status was reported consistently by 94.7% of N11 current drinkers, 85.5% of ex-drinkers, and 74.4% of lifetime abstainers (93.5% overall). Cumulative number of prior heavy drinking days (teens through 30s) were moderately consistent (Pearson's ρ = 0.6, p < 0.001, n = 1,636). Reliability was lower for younger respondents under 30 and higher for Whites versus Blacks and Hispanics (ρ = 0.68 vs. ρ = 0.56 vs. ρ = 0.56, both p = 0.01), but did not differ by gender. Heavy drinking days in teens correlated 0.63 (p < 0.001) for those aged 20 or older, higher for women than men and for Whites versus ethnic minorities. Heavy drinking days in the 20s and 30s reported by those 30 and older and 40 and older correlated at 0.63 and 0.67, respectively, being higher for Whites. Age of drinking onset and of lifetime maximum quantity reports were also consistent (0.65, 0.73), higher for women versus men, for those older than 29 versus younger, and for Whites versus Blacks and Hispanics. In N11, controlling for gender, age, ethnicity, and current 5+ frequency, cumulative prior 5+ days (teens to age 39) predicted current alcohol-related consequences and dependence (both p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Measurements of earlier heavy drinking are feasible, efficient, and reasonably reliable, albeit with some individual imprecision. Prior drinking data improve prediction of current AUDs, adjusting for demographics and current drinking.
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Zemore SE, Murphy RD, Mulia N, Gilbert PA, Martinez P, Bond J, Polcin DL. A moderating role for gender in racial/ethnic disparities in alcohol services utilization: results from the 2000 to 2010 national alcohol surveys. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2014; 38:2286-96. [PMID: 25041173 DOI: 10.1111/acer.12500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few nationally representative studies have examined racial/ethnic disparities in alcohol services utilization. Further, little is known about whether racial/ethnic disparities generalize across genders, and what factors account for these disparities. Thus, we aimed to describe the combined impact of race/ethnicity and gender on alcohol services utilization, and to explore the roles for social influence factors in explaining racial/ethnic and gender disparities. METHODS Data were pooled across the 2000, 2005, and 2010 National Alcohol Surveys. Outcomes included lifetime utilization of any services, specialty alcohol treatment, and Alcoholics Anonymous. Social influence factors were assessed as lifetime social pressures (i.e., pressures from a partner, friends, and/or family), legal consequences, and work-related consequences. Core analyses included only those with a lifetime alcohol use disorder (AUD). RESULTS Analyses revealed a pattern of lower services utilization among Latinos and Blacks (vs. Whites) and women (vs. men); further, race-by-gender interactions revealed that Black-White differences were limited to women, and provided some evidence of stronger Latino-White disparities among women (vs. men). Illustrating these patterns, among women, only 2.5% of Latinas and 3.4% of Blacks with a lifetime AUD accessed specialty treatment, versus 6.7% of Whites; among men, corresponding figures were 6.8% for Latinos, 12.2% for Blacks, and 10.1% for Whites. Racial/ethnic differences were typically robust (or stronger) when controlling for demographics and AUD severity. Evidence did not support a role for measured social influence factors in racial/ethnic disparities, but did suggest that these factors contribute to gender disparities, particularly among Whites and Blacks. CONCLUSIONS Findings for substantial Latino-White and Black-White disparities, especially among women, highlight the need for continuing research on explanatory factors and the development of appropriate interventions. Meanwhile, our evidence for persistent gender disparities and for social influence factors as drivers of these disparities tentatively suggests a need for intensified outreach to female heavy drinkers.
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Korcha RA, Polcin DL, Greenfield TK, Kerr WC, Bond J. Pressure to change drinking behavior: An exploratory analysis of US general population subgroups. J Drug Issues 2014; 44:457-465. [PMID: 25346550 DOI: 10.1177/0022042614542509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND General population studies have shown that pressure from others to change drinking can come from different sources. Receipt of informal pressure (IP) and formal pressure (FP) is known to vary by quantity and consequences of drinking, but less is known about how pressure varies among subgroups of the population. METHOD This exploratory study utilizes data from the National Alcohol Surveys from 1995-2010 (N=26,311) and examines associations between receipt of pressure and subgroups of drinkers. RESULTS Increased relative risk of receiving IP and FP were observed for individuals reporting an arrest for driving after drinking and illicit drug use while poverty and lack of private health insurance increased risk of receipt of formal pressures. Regular marijuana use increased IP. CONCLUSION The subgroups that were studied received increased pressures to change drinking behavior, though disentangling the societal role of pressure and how it may assist with interventions, help seeking, and natural recovery is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael A Korcha
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Ave. Ste. #400, Emeryville, CA 94608, 510-397-3440
| | - Douglas L Polcin
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Ave. Ste. #400, Emeryville, CA 94608, 510-397-3440
| | - Thomas K Greenfield
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Ave. Ste. #400, Emeryville, CA 94608, 510-397-3440
| | - William C Kerr
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Ave. Ste. #400, Emeryville, CA 94608, 510-397-3440
| | - Jason Bond
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Ave. Ste. #400, Emeryville, CA 94608, 510-397-3440
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Cook WK, Bond J, Greenfield TK. Are alcohol policies associated with alcohol consumption in low- and middle-income countries? Addiction 2014; 109:1081-90. [PMID: 24716508 PMCID: PMC4107632 DOI: 10.1111/add.12571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To examine the associations between alcohol control policies in four regulatory domains with alcohol consumption in low- and middle-income countries (LAMICs), controlling for country-level living standards and drinking patterns. DESIGN Cross-sectional analyses of individual-level alcohol consumption survey data and country-level alcohol policies using multi-level modeling. SETTING Data from 15 LAMICs collected in the Gender, Alcohol, and Culture: an International Study (GENACIS) data set. PARTICIPANTS Individuals aged 18-65 years. MEASUREMENTS Alcohol policy data compiled by the World Health Organization; individual-level current drinking status, usual quantity and frequency of drinking, binge drinking frequency and total drinking volume; gross domestic product based on purchasing power parity (GDP-PPP) per capita; detrimental drinking pattern scale; and age and gender as individual-level covariates. FINDINGS Alcohol policies regulating the physical availability of alcohol, particularly those concerning business hours or involving a licensing system for off-premises alcohol retail sales, as well as minimum legal drinking age, were the most consistent predictors of alcohol consumption. Aggregate relative alcohol price levels were associated inversely with all drinking variables (P < 0.05) except drinking volume. Greater restrictions on alcohol advertising, particularly beer advertising, were associated inversely with alcohol consumption (P < 0.05). Policies that set legal blood alcohol concentration (BAC) limits for drivers and random breath testing to enforce BAC limits were not associated significantly with alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS Alcohol policies that regulate the physical availability of alcohol are associated with lower alcohol consumption in low- and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Kim Cook
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, 6475 Christie Avenue, Suite 400, Emeryville, CA 94608-1010, Telephone: (510) 597-3440, Fax: (510) 985-6459
| | - Jason Bond
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute
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Sikora EJ, Allen TW, Wise KA, Bergstrom G, Bradley CA, Bond J, Brown-Rytlewski D, Chilvers M, Damicone J, DeWolf E, Dorrance A, Dufault N, Esker P, Faske TR, Giesler L, Goldberg N, Golod J, Gómez IRG, Grau C, Grybauskas A, Franc G, Hammerschmidt R, Hartman GL, Henn RA, Hershman D, Hollier C, Isakeit T, Isard S, Jacobsen B, Jardine D, Kemerait R, Koenning S, Langham M, Malvick D, Markell S, Marois JJ, Monfort S, Mueller D, Mueller J, Mulrooney R, Newman M, Osborne L, Padgett GB, Ruden BE, Rupe J, Schneider R, Schwartz H, Shaner G, Singh S, Stromberg E, Sweets L, Tenuta A, Vaiciunas S, Yang XB, Young-Kelly H, Zidek J. A Coordinated Effort to Manage Soybean Rust in North America: A Success Story in Soybean Disease Monitoring. Plant Dis 2014; 98:864-875. [PMID: 30708845 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-02-14-0121-fe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Existing crop monitoring programs determine the incidence and distribution of plant diseases and pathogens and assess the damage caused within a crop production region. These programs have traditionally used observed or predicted disease and pathogen data and environmental information to prescribe management practices that minimize crop loss. Monitoring programs are especially important for crops with broad geographic distribution or for diseases that can cause rapid and great economic losses. Successful monitoring programs have been developed for several plant diseases, including downy mildew of cucurbits, Fusarium head blight of wheat, potato late blight, and rusts of cereal crops. A recent example of a successful disease-monitoring program for an economically important crop is the soybean rust (SBR) monitoring effort within North America. SBR, caused by the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi, was first identified in the continental United States in November 2004. SBR causes moderate to severe yield losses globally. The fungus produces foliar lesions on soybean (Glycine max) and other legume hosts. P. pachyrhizi diverts nutrients from the host to its own growth and reproduction. The lesions also reduce photosynthetic area. Uredinia rupture the host epidermis and diminish stomatal regulation of transpiration to cause tissue desiccation and premature defoliation. Severe soybean yield losses can occur if plants defoliate during the mid-reproductive growth stages. The rapid response to the threat of SBR in North America resulted in an unprecedented amount of information dissemination and the development of a real-time, publicly available monitoring and prediction system known as the Soybean Rust-Pest Information Platform for Extension and Education (SBR-PIPE). The objectives of this article are (i) to highlight the successful response effort to SBR in North America, and (ii) to introduce researchers to the quantity and type of data generated by SBR-PIPE. Data from this system may now be used to answer questions about the biology, ecology, and epidemiology of an important pathogen and disease of soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Sikora
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn 36849
| | - T W Allen
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Delta Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Stoneville 38776
| | - K A Wise
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette 47907
| | - G Bergstrom
- Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca 14853
| | - C A Bradley
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - J Bond
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Agricultural Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 62901
| | - D Brown-Rytlewski
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824
| | - M Chilvers
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824
| | - J Damicone
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078
| | - E DeWolf
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506
| | - A Dorrance
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Wooster 44691
| | - N Dufault
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
| | - P Esker
- Escuela de Agronomia, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica 10111
| | - T R Faske
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas Lonoke Research and Extension Center, Lonoke 72086
| | - L Giesler
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln 68508
| | - N Goldberg
- Department of Plant Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces 88003
| | - J Golod
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802
| | - I R G Gómez
- Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiologica Fitosanitaria, Centro Nacional de Referenceia Fitosanitaria, Col. Del Carmen, Coyoacan, Mexico
| | - C Grau
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706
| | - A Grybauskas
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Management, University of Maryland, College Park 20742
| | | | - R Hammerschmidt
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824
| | - G L Hartman
- United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Urbana 61801
| | - R A Henn
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State 39762
| | - D Hershman
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky Research and Education Center, Princeton 42445
| | - C Hollier
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge 70803
| | - T Isakeit
- Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843
| | - S Isard
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802
| | - B Jacobsen
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman 59717
| | - D Jardine
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506
| | - R Kemerait
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | - S Koenning
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695
| | - M Langham
- Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007
| | - D Malvick
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108
| | - S Markell
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58108
| | - J J Marois
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
| | - S Monfort
- Edisto Research and Education Center, Clemson University, Blackville 29817
| | - D Mueller
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011
| | - J Mueller
- Edisto Research and Education Center, Clemson University, Blackville 29817
| | - R Mulrooney
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Delaware, Newark 19716
| | - M Newman
- BASF Corporation, Jackson, TN 38301
| | | | - G B Padgett
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge 70803
| | - B E Ruden
- South Dakota Wheat Growers Association, Aberdeen 57401
| | - J Rupe
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701
| | - R Schneider
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge 70803
| | - H Schwartz
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523
| | - G Shaner
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette 47907
| | - S Singh
- Department of Plant, Soil and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Kimberly 83341
| | - E Stromberg
- Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061
| | - L Sweets
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211
| | - A Tenuta
- Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food, and Ministry of Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, Ontario, Canada, NOP2CO
| | - S Vaiciunas
- New Jersey Department of Agriculture, Trenton 08625
| | - X B Yang
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011
| | - H Young-Kelly
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee West Tennessee Research and Education Center, Jackson 38301
| | - J Zidek
- ZedX Incorporated, Bellefonte, PA 16823
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Bond J, Witbrodt J, Ye Y, Cherpitel CJ, Room R, Monteiro MG. Exploring structural relationships between blood alcohol concentration and signs and clinical assessment of intoxication in alcohol-involved injury cases. Alcohol Alcohol 2014; 49:417-22. [PMID: 24705784 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agu014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Although the relationship between the Y90 (blood alcohol concentration, BAC) and Y91 (clinician intoxication assessment) ICD-10 codes has received attention recently, the role of 10 signs of intoxication in the Y91-Y90 relationship has not been studied yet. This work examines these signs in the estimation of alcohol intoxication levels of patients in medical settings. METHODS Collected and analyzed were data on 1997 injured emergency room patients from 17 countries worldwide reporting drinking prior to injury or presenting with a non-zero BAC from 17 countries worldwide. A model is estimated describing how the 10 signs inform the Y91, Y90 prediction with the goal of the use of observations on patients in place of a biological measure. RESULTS Signs were consistent with a single underlying construct that strongly predicted Y91. Smell of alcohol on breath predicted Y91 above its contribution through the construct and was stronger for those with tolerance to alcohol than for those without. Controlling for Y91, no sign further contributed to prediction of Y90 indicating that Y91 incorporated all intoxication sign information in predicting Y90. Variance explained was high for Y91 (R(2) = 0.84) and intoxication signs (above 0.72 for all but smell on the breath, 0.57) and lower for Y90 (0.38). CONCLUSION Intoxication assessments are well predicted by overall intoxication severity, which itself is well represented by intoxication signs along with differential emphasis on smell of alcohol on breath, especially for those with alcohol tolerance. However, BAC levels remain largely unexplained by intoxication signs with a clinician's assessment serving as the primary predictive measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Bond
- Alcohol Research Group, Emeryville, CA, USA
| | | | - Yu Ye
- Alcohol Research Group, Emeryville, CA, USA
| | | | - Robin Room
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, Turning Point Centre, Melbourne, Australia
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Witbrodt J, Ye Y, Bond J, Chi F, Weisner C, Mertens J. Alcohol and drug treatment involvement, 12-step attendance and abstinence: 9-year cross-lagged analysis of adults in an integrated health plan. J Subst Abuse Treat 2014; 46:412-9. [PMID: 24342024 PMCID: PMC3943492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2013.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study explored causal relationships between post-treatment 12-step attendance and abstinence at multiple data waves and examined indirect paths leading from treatment initiation to abstinence 9-years later. Adults (N = 1945) seeking help for alcohol or drug use disorders from integrated healthcare organization outpatient treatment programs were followed at 1-, 5-, 7- and 9-years. Path modeling with cross-lagged partial regression coefficients was used to test causal relationships. Cross-lagged paths indicated greater 12-step attendance during years 1 and 5 and were casually related to past-30-day abstinence at years 5 and 7 respectfully, suggesting 12-step attendance leads to abstinence (but not vice versa) well into the post-treatment period. Some gender differences were found in these relationships. Three significant time-lagged, indirect paths emerged linking treatment duration to year-9 abstinence. Conclusions are discussed in the context of other studies using longitudinal designs. For outpatient clients, results reinforce the value of lengthier treatment duration and 12-step attendance in year 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Witbrodt
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Avenue, Suite 400, Emeryville, CA 94608-1010, USA.
| | - Yu Ye
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Avenue, Suite 400, Emeryville, CA 94608-1010, USA.
| | - Jason Bond
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Avenue, Suite 400, Emeryville, CA 94608-1010, USA
| | - Felicia Chi
- Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, 2000 Broadway, 3rd floor, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
| | - Constance Weisner
- Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, 2000 Broadway, 3rd floor, Oakland, CA 94612, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, 401 Parnassus Ave, Box F-0984, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jennifer Mertens
- Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, 2000 Broadway, 3rd floor, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
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