1
|
Bolleddu R, Venkatesh S, Narasimhaji CV, Hazra J. Pharmacognostical and phytochemical studies of Atibala ( Abutilon indicum [Linn.] sweet) fruit. Ayu 2021; 42:138-142. [PMID: 37303858 PMCID: PMC10251287 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.ayu_264_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Abutilon indicum (Linn.) Sweet (Malvaceae), generally called as "Atibala" is a plant of high medicinal importance. The plant possesses several beneficial effects such as cooling, laxative, digestive, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, astringent, diuretic, expectorant, antihelmintic, aphrodisiac, and demulcent which is widely used in the Ayurveda system of medicine. Aim The current study is aimed to establish the macroscopy, powder microscopy and physicochemical analysis of A. indicum fruits. Materials and methods The Pharmacognostical studies on A. indicum fruits, including parameters such as morphological evaluation, powder microscopy, ash values, foreign organic matter, extractive value, phytochemical, fluorescence studies, and high-performance thin-layer chromatography fingerprint profile, are established in the current study. Results Fruit powder microscopy has shown diagnostic characteristics such as stellate hairs of different sizes, testa, lignified endocarp, and palisade cells. The loss on drying value of fruit powder was 7.7% w/w. The total ash values of the drug were found to be 10.5% and acid insoluble ash 2.4% w/w with respect to the air-dried crude drug. Water-soluble and alcohol-soluble extractives were found to be 9.64% w/w and 9.04% w/w, respectively. Conclusion Phytochemical characterization of aqueous, alcoholic extracts of A. indicum fruit revealed the presence of proteins, carbohydrates, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, and steroids. The powder microscopical and phytochemical studies observed in this study can serve as a valuable resource for the authentication of A. indicum fruits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Bolleddu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Central Ayurveda Research Institute, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sama Venkatesh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, G. Pulla Reddy College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Ch. V. Narasimhaji
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Central Ayurveda Research Institute, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Jayram Hazra
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Central Ayurveda Research Institute, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jamadagni S, Jamadagni P, Angom B, Mondal D, Upadhyay S, Gaidhani S, Hazra J. Tissue distribution of mercury and copper after Aarogyavardhini Vati treatment in rat model of CCl 4 induced chronic hepatotoxicity. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2020; 11:508-514. [PMID: 32035767 PMCID: PMC7772489 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aarogyavardhini Vati is a classical Ayurvedic herbomineral formulation. It contains mercury and copper compounds as principal minerals along with other minerals and herbal ingredients. Aarogyavardhini Vati is indicated in chronic liver ailments. However, safety concerns are often raised regarding the use of mercury containing ayurvedic drugs in disease conditions due to the risk of mercury and copper toxicity. Objective This study was performed to address the safety concerns regarding mercury and copper toxicity from Ayurvedic herbomineral formulations by investigating accumulation of these minerals in tissues and subsequent toxicity in chronic hepatotoxicity rat model. Materials and methods Quantification of mercury and copper in Aarogyavardhini Vati was done. Chronic hepatotoxicity was induced in the Wistar rats by repeated administration of CCl4 for 8 weeks. Animals were treated with Aarogyavardhini Vati for various durations. Post treatment of 8 weeks, serum biochemical marker estimations was done. Estimation of mercury and copper from the liver, kidney and brain tissues was done after animal sacrifice. Histopathology evaluation of visceral organs was also performed. Results Treatment with Aarogyavardhini Vati exhibited significant accumulation of mercury in the kidney but not in the brain and liver. Similarly, no significant accumulation of copper was observed in liver, kidney, and brain due to the treatment of Aarogyavardhini Vati. Serum biochemical and histopathological changes were not affected by the treatment with Aarogyavardhini Vati. Conclusion Aarogyavardhini Vati did not show any biologically significant potential to cause toxicity due to its mercury and copper content when administered for prolonged duration to rats with chronic hepatotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shrirang Jamadagni
- Regional Ayurveda Institute for Fundamental Research, Nehru Garden, Gandhi Bhawan Road, Kothrud, Pune, 411038, India.
| | - Pallavi Jamadagni
- Regional Ayurveda Institute for Fundamental Research, Nehru Garden, Gandhi Bhawan Road, Kothrud, Pune, 411038, India
| | - Binita Angom
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute of Drug Development, 4CN, Sector -5, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700091, India
| | - Dhirendranath Mondal
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute of Drug Development, 4CN, Sector -5, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700091, India
| | - Sachchidanand Upadhyay
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute of Drug Development, 4CN, Sector -5, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700091, India
| | - Sudesh Gaidhani
- Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Govt. of India, 61-65, Institutional Area, Opposite D Block, Janakpuri, New Delhi, 110058, India
| | - Jayram Hazra
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute of Drug Development, 4CN, Sector -5, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700091, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mitra A, Sur TK, Upadhyay S, Bhattacharyya D, Hazra J. Effect of Coelogyne cristata Lindley in alleviation of chronic fatigue syndrome in aged Wistar rats. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2018; 9:266-271. [PMID: 29102461 PMCID: PMC6314245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Swarna Jibanti scientifically known as Coelogyne cristata Lindley (Orchidaceae), an orchid mentioned in Ayurvedic medicine is used to promote healthy life span. OBJECTIVE(S) The present work was planned to study the efficacy of hydro-alcoholic extract of pseudobulbs of C. cristata (CCE) to assess its role on chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) induced behavioural and biochemical changes in aged Wistar rats compared to Panax ginseng (PG), a prototype anti-stress agent. MATERIALS AND METHODS CFS was induced by forced swimming for consecutive 21 days for fixed duration (15 min sessions). The criteria of CFS due to fatigue were counted using locomotor activity, depression and anxiety through automated photactometer, immobility time and plus maze activity respectively. Acute toxicity study of CCE (upto 2 g/kg, Limit test) was also performed. For CFS, animals were divided into five groups, naive control, control, CCE treated (25 mg/kg b.w., 250 mg/kg b.w.) and standard PG treated (100 mg/kg b.w.) groups. All drugs were given orally for consecutive 21 days along with CFS. After assessing behavioural parameters, all animals were sacrificed at day 21 and in vivo antioxidant potential of CCE was determined by lipid peroxides, nitrite, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in brain tissue. RESULTS CCE was found to be non-toxic. CCE treated aged rats significantly improved (p < 0.001) the spontaneous locomotor movement with respect to control rats, while, decreased the mobility period or depression score. In CFS, CCE also enhanced the time spent (p < 0.001) in open arms while reducing the time spent in closed arm as compared to CFS control, indicating lowering anxiety score. Moreover, marked diminution in lipid peroxidation, nitrite and SOD level was exhibited after CCE treatment and significantly enhanced catalase level significantly (p < 0.01) with respect to CFS control. PG also showed similar actions. CONCLUSION The results confirmed the potential therapeutic actions of CCE against experimentally induced CFS in aged rats that might be due to its CNS mediatory antioxidant properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Achintya Mitra
- National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Kolkata Under CCRAS, Min. of AYUSH, Government of India, 4 CN Block, Sector-V, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, 700 091, India.
| | - Tapas Kumar Sur
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, 24 A.J.C. Bose Road, Kolkata, 700 020, India
| | - Sachhidananda Upadhyay
- National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Kolkata Under CCRAS, Min. of AYUSH, Government of India, 4 CN Block, Sector-V, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, 700 091, India
| | - Dipankar Bhattacharyya
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, 24 A.J.C. Bose Road, Kolkata, 700 020, India
| | - Jayram Hazra
- National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Kolkata Under CCRAS, Min. of AYUSH, Government of India, 4 CN Block, Sector-V, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, 700 091, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chaudhari S, Nariya M, Ruknuddin G, Prajapati P, Hazra J. Antihyperlipidemic activity of Hridayarnava Rasa (an Ayurvedic herbo-metalo-mineral formulation) in Charles Foster albino rats. J Curr Res Sci Med 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_68_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
5
|
Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Central Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development, CCRAS, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Jayram Hazra
- Department of Pharmacy, Central Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development, CCRAS, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - P K Prajapati
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, All India Institute of Ayurveda, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Quantum reactive scattering calculations are reported for the ultracold hydrogen-exchange reaction and its non-reactive atom-exchange isotopic counterparts, proceeding from excited rotational states. It is shown that while the geometric phase (GP) does not necessarily control the reaction to all final states, one can always find final states where it does. For the isotopic counterpart reactions, these states can be used to make a measurement of the GP effect by separately measuring the even and odd symmetry contributions, which experimentally requires nuclear-spin final-state resolution. This follows from symmetry considerations that make the even and odd identical-particle exchange symmetry wavefunctions which include the GP locally equivalent to the opposite symmetry wavefunctions which do not. It is shown how this equivalence can be used to define a constant which quantifies the GP effect and can be obtained solely from experimentally observable rates. This equivalence reflects the important role that discrete symmetries play in ultracold chemistry and highlights the key role that ultracold reactions can play in understanding fundamental aspects of chemical reactivity more generally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J F E Croft
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - J Hazra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - N Balakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - B K Kendrick
- Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jamadagni S, Jamadagni PS, Singh RK, Upadhyay S, Gaidhani SN, Hazra J. Ninety days repeated dose oral toxicity study of Makaradhwaja in Wistar rats. Ayu 2017; 38:171-178. [PMID: 30254400 PMCID: PMC6153918 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.ayu_33_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Makaradhwaja is a KupipakwaRasayana. Since it contains two heavy metals, namely mercury and gold, it is essential to evaluate its safety. Hence, the present study was undertaken with an objective to evaluate toxicity and target organ of toxicity of Makaradhwaja if so. Aims: The objective was to evaluate toxicological profile, the target organ of toxicity and to find no observed effect level (NOEL) or no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) in rats after oral administration for ninety consecutive days. Materials and Methods: Makaradhawaja preparation was administered to male and female Wistar rats for ninety consecutive days at 2.7, 13.5, and 27 mg/kg body weight. All relevant biochemical and hematological changes were observed. At termination, all the rats were sacrificed and necropsy was performed. Histopathological evaluation was also performed. Statistical Analysis Used: Dunnett's test followed by analysis of variance. Results: There was a significant increase in high-dose group kidney weight of both sexes which could not be correlated with histopathology findings and serum biochemistry. Therefore, the change was not considered as an adverse effect. Conclusions: The dose level 27 mg/kg of Makaradhwaja was found as NOAEL and dose level 13.5 mg/kg of Makaradhwaja was found as NOEL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shrirang Jamadagni
- Department of Pharmacology, Central Ayurveda Research Institute of Drug Development, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Pallavi Shrirang Jamadagni
- Department of Pharmacology, Central Ayurveda Research Institute of Drug Development, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Rajendra Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Central Ayurveda Research Institute of Drug Development, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sachchidanand Upadhyay
- Department of Pharmacology, Central Ayurveda Research Institute of Drug Development, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sudesh N Gaidhani
- Department of Pharmacology, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, New Delhi, India
| | - Jayram Hazra
- Department of Pharmacology, Central Ayurveda Research Institute of Drug Development, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Ayurvedic medicines are often considered effective for chronic and lifestyle disorders. Hypertrophic lichen planus (HLP) is a rare inflammatory skin condition and develops into squamous cell carcinoma in few cases. It has resemblance with Charma Kushtha mentioned in Ayurvedic classics. Conventional therapy used in this condition is unsatisfactory and is not free from side effects. A case of long-standing systemic steroid-dependent HLP is presented here which was intervened successfully with Ayurvedic modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kshirod Kumar Ratha
- Department of Clinical Research, National Research Institute for Ayurvedic Drug Development, CCRAS, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Laxmidhar Barik
- Department of Clinical Research, National Research Institute for Ayurvedic Drug Development, CCRAS, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Panda
- Department of Clinical Research, National Research Institute for Ayurvedic Drug Development, CCRAS, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Jayram Hazra
- Department of Clinical Research, National Research Institute for Ayurvedic Drug Development, CCRAS, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jamadagni PS, Jamadagni S, Mukherjee K, Upadhyay S, Gaidhani S, Hazra J. Experimental and histopathological observation scoring methods for evaluation of wound healing properties of Jatyadi Ghrita. Ayu 2016; 37:222-229. [PMID: 29491675 PMCID: PMC5822989 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.ayu_51_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Jatyadi ghrita is a classical Ayurvedic formulation indicated in the treatment of various types of ulcers. Aim: The study was designed to explore the wound healing properties of Jatyadi Ghrita in diabetes - induced rats. Materials and Methods: In the present study, diabetes mellitus was induced to 6 to 8-week-old male Wistar rats by injecting streptozotocin cut 65 mg/kg body weight intravenously by 15 min prior to the administration of Nicotinamide at 230 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally. Animals having diabetes were used for grouping namely, diabetic control (DC), Ghrita control (GC), positive control (PC), i.e., mupirocin HCl, Jatyadi Ghrita treatment and one group of non-DC. Full-thickness excision wound was created and diameter was recorded. Daily clinical observations were recorded. A wound scoring method was developed. Wound diameter and score were recorded on days 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, 14 and 15. Photographs were taken at the same time interval points. Body weight and feed consumption were recorded weekly. Animals were sacrificed at regular intervals to collect the wound area tissue for histopathology analysis. Obtained data was analyzed statistically. Results and Observation: It was observed that there was no significant difference in diameter and percent change in wound healing as compared to any control. However, clinical score and histopathological changes in Jatyadi Ghrita group were improved from the second day of the study as compared to control. Conclusion: This indicates that the drug has similar wound healing activity as compared to the modern drug mupirocin HCl.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi S Jamadagni
- Animal/ Experimental Pathology, Regional Ayurveda Institute for Fundamental Research, Gandhi Bhavan Road, Kothrud, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shrirang Jamadagni
- Animal/ Experimental Pathology, Regional Ayurveda Institute for Fundamental Research, Gandhi Bhavan Road, Kothrud, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Koyel Mukherjee
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute of Drug Development, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sachchidanand Upadhyay
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute of Drug Development, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sudesh Gaidhani
- Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Janakpuri, New Delhi, India
| | - Jayram Hazra
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute of Drug Development, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jamadagni PS, Jamadagni SB, Singh A, Singh RK, Upadhyay SN, Gaidhani SN, Hazra J. Toxicity Study of Swarna Bhasma, an Ayurvedic Medicine Containing Gold, in Wistar Rats. Toxicol Int 2015. [DOI: 10.22506/ti/2015/v22/i3/137618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
11
|
Dixit AK, Dey R, Suresh A, Chaudhuri S, Panda AK, Mitra A, Hazra J. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in patients with diabetes mellitus of ayurveda Hospital. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2014; 13:58. [PMID: 24918095 PMCID: PMC4051117 DOI: 10.1186/2251-6581-13-58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Dyslipidemia is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease in diabetes mellitus. Early detection and treatment of dyslipidemia in type-2 diabetes mellitus can prevent risk for atherogenic cardiovascular disorder. The rationale of this study was to detect the lipid abnormality in diabetic patients. Methods Necessary data was collected from the medical archives of 150 patients (73 female and 77 male) with diabetes mellitus registered in Department of pathology and biochemistry of a Ayurveda hospital established at Kolkata, India. Results The mean ages of female and male subjects were 51.8 ± 10.8 and 53.2 ± 11.3 years respectively. The range and mean value of FBS in females were 113–342 mg/dl and 157.7 ± 6.3 mg/dl, while the range and mean value of PPBS in females were 135–560 mg/dl and 275.5 ± 12.3 mg/dl respectively. Results showed that range and mean value of FBS in males were 111–462 mg/dl and 160.8 ± 7.4 mg/dl, while the range and mean value of PPBS in males were 136–598 mg/dl and 302.1 ± 12.6 mg/dl respectively. Results of serum lipids showed that the mean values for total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) in female patients were 202.2 ± 5.9 mg/dl, 168.3 ± 8.2 mg/dl, 44.9 ± 1.3 mg/dl, 123.6 ± 5.2 mg/dl and 33.7 ± 1.7 mg/dl respectively. The mean values for TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C and VLDL-C in male patients were 182.5 ± 4.8 mg/dl, 128.1 ± 10.8 mg/dl, 40.8 ± 1.2 mg/dl, 105.4 ± 4.8 mg/dl and 36.2 ± 2.2 respectively. FBS showed significant positive correlation with PPBS, cholesterol, TG, and VLDL-C. PPBS also demonstrated direct and significant correlations with TG and VLDL-C. Conclusions The study showed common lipid abnormalities during diabetes induced dyslipidemia i.e., hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and elevated LDL-C. This study suggests the dominance of hyperlipidemia over increased prevalence of dyslipidemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Dixit
- Department of Pathology and Biochemistry, National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Department of AYUSH, Government of India, 4 CN Block, Sec-5, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India
| | - Ranjit Dey
- Department of Pathology and Biochemistry, National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Department of AYUSH, Government of India, 4 CN Block, Sec-5, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India
| | - Aela Suresh
- Department of Pathology and Biochemistry, National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Department of AYUSH, Government of India, 4 CN Block, Sec-5, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India
| | - Siddhartha Chaudhuri
- Department of Pathology and Biochemistry, National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Department of AYUSH, Government of India, 4 CN Block, Sec-5, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Panda
- Hospital Division, National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Department of AYUSH, Government of India, 4 CN Block, Sec-5, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India
| | - Achintya Mitra
- Hospital Division, National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Department of AYUSH, Government of India, 4 CN Block, Sec-5, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India
| | - Jayram Hazra
- Hospital Division, National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Department of AYUSH, Government of India, 4 CN Block, Sec-5, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Trivanga Bhasma, a metallic preparation containing Bhasmas of Naga (lead), Vanga (tin) and Yashada (zinc), was studied for repeated dose toxicity in Swiss albino mice to estimate No Observed Effect Level (NOEL) or No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL). A total of 80 Swiss albino mice of either sex with an average body weight of 28-30 g were equally divided into four groups (Group I, II, III, and IV). Group I served as control and was given vehicle (honey: water in 2:3 ratio) Group II, III, and IV received Trivanga Bhasma @ 7.8, 39.5,and 78 mg/kg body weight for 90 consecutive days. The effect of drug was assessed on body weight, feed and water consumption changes, hematological, and histopathological parameters. At the end of the study, all animals were sacrificed and examined for gross pathological changes. Histopathological evaluation was performed for control and high dose group. Trivanga Bhasma was found to be safe. No significant clinical signs were noted in all groups studied. No major alterations were observed during histopathological evaluation. Hence, dose rate of 78 mg/kg body weight was established as NOAEL. It is suggested to carry out a toxicity study at possible higher doses and in a different species so as to establish target organ of toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi S Jamadagni
- Research Officer (Pharmacology), National Research Institute of Ayurveda for Drug Development, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
The present study was carried out to assess the safety of standardized Panchakola Avaleha on albino rats (Wistar strain). Animals were administered three doses of Panchakola Avaleha by oral routes, viz. higher (500 mg/kg/day), middle (250 mg/kg/day), and therapeutic dose (50 mg/ kg/ day) for 28 consecutive days. Effects of the test drug on hematological, biochemical, and histopathologic parameters were evaluated. This study revealed normal behavior, no mortality, and no significant changes in hematological, biochemical, and histopathological examinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Kumar Singh
- Senior Research Fellow, National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Department of AYUSH, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
|
15
|
Jamadagni SB, Jamadagni PS, Lacy SH, Williams B, Upadhyay SN, Gaidhani SN, Hazra J. Spontaneous Nonmetastatic Choriocarcinoma, Yolk Sac Carcinoma, Embryonal Carcinoma, and Teratoma in the Testes of a Swiss Albino Mouse. Toxicol Pathol 2012; 41:532-6. [PMID: 23104768 DOI: 10.1177/0192623312457602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A 12-week-old Swiss Albino mouse was presented with unilateral (left) testicular enlargement of approximately 1.5 cm in diameter and the right testicle mildly reduced in size and weight. Histopathology evaluation revealed three distinct neoplasms in the left testicle: choriocarcinoma, yolk sac carcinoma, and embryonal carcinoma. Teratoma was diagnosed in the right testicle. The histomorphological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the tumor are presented here. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of spontaneous nonmetastasizing choriocarcinoma, yolk sac carcinoma, embryonal carcinoma, and teratoma in testes of a Swiss albino mouse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shrirang B Jamadagni
- National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Debnath PK, Chattopadhyay J, Mitra A, Adhikari A, Alam MS, Bandopadhyay SK, Hazra J. Adjunct therapy of Ayurvedic medicine with anti tubercular drugs on the therapeutic management of pulmonary tuberculosis. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2012; 3:141-9. [PMID: 23125511 PMCID: PMC3487240 DOI: 10.4103/0975-9476.100180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 04/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is an age old disease described in Vedic Medicine as 'Yakshma'. Later on, in Ayurveda it earned a prefix and found way into mythology as 'Rajayakshma'. After the discovery of streptomycin, the therapeutic management of PTB received a major breakthrough. The treatment module changed remarkably with the formulation of newer anti-tubercular drugs (ATD) with appreciable success. Recent resurgence of PTB in developed countries like United States posed a threat to the medical community due to resistant strains. Consequently, WHO looked toward traditional medicine. Literature reveals that Ayurvedic treatment of PTB was in vogue in India before the introduction of ATD with limited success. Records show that 2766 patients of PTB were treated with Ayurvedic drugs in a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata in the year 1933-1947. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the toxicity reduction and early restoration by adjunct therapy of Ayurvedic drugs by increasing the bio-availability of ATDs. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, treatment response of 99 patients treated with ATD as an adjunct with Aswagandha (Withania somnifera) and a multi-herbal formulation described in Chikitsa-sthana of Charaka samhita i.e. Chyawanprash were investigated. Hematological profile, sputum bacterial load count, immunoglobulin IgA and IgM, blood sugar, liver function test, serum creatinine were the assessed parameters besides blood isoniazid and pyrazinamide, repeated after 28 days of treatment. RESULTS The symptoms abated, body weight showed improvement, ESR values were normal, there was appreciable change in IgA and IgM patterns and significantly increased bioavailability of isoniazid and pyrazinamide were recorded. CONCLUSION This innovative clinical study coupled with empowered research may turn out to be promising in finding a solution for the treatment of PTB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P. K. Debnath
- National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Kolkata, India
| | - Jaydeb Chattopadhyay
- Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Ayurvedic College and Hospital, North 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India
| | - Achintya Mitra
- National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | | | - Jayram Hazra
- National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Kolkata, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chitra S, Balasubramaniam M, Hazra J. Effect of α-tocopherol on salivary reactive oxygen species and trace elements in oral submucous fibrosis. Ann Clin Biochem 2012; 49:262-5. [PMID: 22337705 DOI: 10.1258/acb.2011.011050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic debilitating disease and a well-recognized, potentially malignant condition of the oral cavity associated with betel quid chewing. Betel quid chewing is a popular oral habit in India and shows strong association in the incidence of OSMF. The objective of the study was to determine the levels of trace elements, pro-oxidants and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in saliva of betel quid chewers and OSMF patients, which may help in the diagnosis of cancer progression in the oral cavity. METHODS A total of 35 cases of OSMF and 35 cases of healthy individuals were included in the present study. The salivary status of ROS, pro-oxidants and some trace elements was studied in OSMF patients and normal healthy individuals. RESULTS The levels of lipid peroxides (P < 0.001), conjugated dienes (P < 0.01), hydroxyl radicals (P < 0.01), superoxide dismutase (P < 0.05), copper (P < 0.05), calcium (P < 0.01), magnesium (NS), potassium (P < 0.05) and iron (P < 0.05) in OSMF patients were elevated when compared with normal healthy individuals. The levels of hydrogen peroxide (P < 0.05) and sodium (P < 0.01) in OSMF patients were found to be decreased when compared with control subjects. A significant alteration was noticed after supplementing with α-tocopherol in oral precancerous patients. CONCLUSION These parameters may help in the detection of the severity of oral diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Chitra
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
A unilateral non-metastatic embryonal carcinoma and teratoma of the testis was observed in a 12-week-old Swiss Albino mouse at the end of a 28-day repeated dose toxicity study. The teratocarcinoma almost completely replaced the parenchyma of the left testis. The tumor was composed of sheets and rosettes of primitive embryonal cells, anaplastic cells, skeletal muscle tissue, sebaceous gland tissue, keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, and ciliated cuboidal epithelium. The histomorphological characteristics of the tumor were reviewed and presented in this report. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of spontaneous teratocarcinoma of testis in the Swiss Albino strain of mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. B. Jamadagni
- National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - P. S. Jamadagni
- National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - S. N. Upadhyay
- National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - S. N. Gaidhani
- National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - J. Hazra
- National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
|
20
|
Deb B, Hazra J. Manipulating higher partial-wave atom-atom interactions by strong photoassociative coupling. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:023201. [PMID: 19659201 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.023201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We show that it is possible to change not only s-wave but also higher partial-wave atom-atom interactions in a cold collision in the presence of relatively intense laser fields tuned near a photoassociative transition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Deb
- Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sanghamitra S, Hazra J, Upadhyay SN, Singh RK, Amal RC. Arsenic induced toxicity on testicular tissue of mice. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2008; 52:84-90. [PMID: 18831356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Effect of arsenic was studied on the testicular tissue of Swiss albino mice. Sodium-meta-arsenite (NaAsO2) was administered to adult mice (25 +/- 30 g) at a dose level of 30 mg/L and 40 mg/L through drinking water for 30, 45 and 60 days. After the treatment, the testicular organ was removed, weighed and processed for histopathological observation. No change in the body weight was recorded in treated groups after arsenic exposure but significant decrease in the relative testicular weight was observed in comparison with the control. The result showed that arsenic-treated mice exhibited dose dependent gradual reductions in seminiferous tubular diameter and various gametogenic cell population i.e. resting spermatocyte, pachytene spermatocyte and step-7-spermatid except spermatogonia. Leydig cell atrophy was significantly increased in dose dependent manner indicating a definite effect of arsenic on the spermatogenesis in mice. These observations were supported by gradual reduction in Leydig cell population in the above treated groups. In conclusion, the above results confirm the toxic effect of arsenic in testis of mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarkar Sanghamitra
- Industrial Toxicology Division, Regional Occupational Health Centre (E), Indian Council of Medical Research, Block DP, Sector V, Salt Lake City, Kolkata--700 091
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mukherjee S, Banerjee R, Upadhyay SN, Hazra J, Poddar KN, Mukherjee A, Saha A. Reproductive effects of ethnomedicinal formulation of tape-vine leaves in female rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2006; 29:1916-22. [PMID: 16946509 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.29.1916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Documented ethno-contraceptive use of Tape-vine or Stephania japonica (THUNB.) MIERS., Syn. Stephania hernandifolia (WILLD.) WALP. leaves is evaluated with regards to post-coital pregnancy interceptive activity of its aqueous extract (AE) and an ethnomedicinal formulation (EF) in Wistar rats. EF at 500 and 250 mg/kg doses induced 66.7% and 33.3% post-coital pregnancy interception respectively and the higher dose exhibited significant reduction in number of litters born and also anti-implantation property. In contrast, none of the dose levels of AE interfered in pregnancy but significant anti-implantation property was observed at doses of 2 and 1 g/kg, even as the higher dose produced significant reduction in number of litters born as well. EF at 500 mg/kg also exhibited significant uterotrophic activity and histological changes in uterus. Pair-wise comparison of sex hormone-levels exhibited significant increment in serum estradiol, LH and FSH but decrease in progesterone levels. Assessed blood lipid-carbohydrate profile exhibited substantial decrease in glucose, cholesterol, VLDL and triglyceride contents and significant increase in HDL. It is concluded that EF probably acts as better post-coital pregnancy interceptive agent through restriction of implantation by alteration of gonadal hormone levels and decline in blood-glucose levels that possibly disrupts oxidative energy metabolism in uterus during implantation. High surge in LH and FSH suggests negligible interference in ovulatory mechanism. This preparation also seems to be free of cardiovascular risk factors. HPTLC and HPLC analysis of both EF and AE exhibited marked chemical differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhendu Mukherjee
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Singh O, Hazra J, Pathak N. Tea (camelia thea): boon or curse for human being. Anc Sci Life 2001; 21:135-8. [PMID: 22557043 PMCID: PMC3336386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2002] [Accepted: 07/16/2001] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Drinking some types of tea and other caffaeinated drink is a part of our culture and everyday life. It is contained from the leaves and seeds of evergreen plant (Camelia thea). It is caffeine contained in so many drinks which really plays havoc with our body and mind. It is only when man exceeds they tea drinking that he experiences the ill effects. When taken in limited quantity tea is indeed very good for health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O.P Singh
- Assistant research Officer, Central Research Institute (AY), Unit-I Bhubaneswar, India
| | - J. Hazra
- Research Officer, Central Research Institute (AY), Unit –I Bhubaneswar, India
| | - N.N. Pathak
- Director-in charge, Central Research Institute (AY), Unit –I Bhubaneswar, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hazra B, Hazra J. Epidemiology of peptic ulcer in north Bengal, India. Indian J Public Health 1998; 42:100-2. [PMID: 10389520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A retrospective analysis of hospital records of inpatients of Medicine department of North Bengal Medical College and Hospital during the period between 1988-90 revealed that 6.2% of all medical admissions were on account of peptic ulcer and or acute gastritis. Duodenal ulcer was prevalent accounting for more than 50% of the cases of peptic ulcer and acute gastritis. Duodenal ulcer was more common in the working age groups (> 21 years) among males and more than 31 yrs among females. Gastric ulcer was more common among older age groups. In respect to ethnicity, Bengali speaking hindus showed high probability for gastric ulcers in both sexes. The probability for duodenal ulcer was within confidence limits among all social groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Hazra
- Dept. of Medicine, Medical College, Calcutta
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Komanduri R, Schroeder T, Hazra J, von Turkovich BF, Flom DG. On the Catastrophic Shear Instability in High-Speed Machining of an AISI 4340 Steel. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1115/1.3185807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
An AISI 4340 Steel (325 BHN) was machined at various speeds up to 2500 m/min (8000 SFPM). Longitudinal midsections of the chips were examined metallurgically to delineate the differences in the chip formation characteristics at various speeds. Chips were found to be continuous at 30 to 60 m/min (100 to 200 SFPM) but discontinuous below this speed. Instabilities in the cutting process, leading to different types of cyclic chip formations, were observed at cutting speeds above 60 m/min (200 SFPM). Fully developed catastrophic shear bands separated by large areas (segments) of relatively less deformed material, similar to that when machining titanium alloys, were observed in the chips at cutting speeds above 275 m/min (800 SFPM). The intense shear bands between the segments appeared to have formed subsequent to the localized intense deformation of the segment in the primary shear zone. As the cutting speed increases, the extent of contact between the segments is found to decrease rapidly. At speeds of 1000 m/min (3200 SFPM) and above, due to rapid intense, localized shear between the segments, these segments were found to separate completely as isolated segments instead of being held intact as a long chip. The speed at which this decohesion occurs was found to depend upon the metallurgical state of the steel machined and its hardness. As in the case of machining titanium alloys, the deformation of the chip as it slides on the tool face, i.e., “secondary shear zone,” appeared to be negligible when machining this AISI 4340 steel at high speed. Based on the metallurgical study of the chip and the similarities of machining this material at high speed and that of titanium alloys at normal speed, a cyclic phenomenon in the primary shear zone is identified as the source of instability responsible for the large-scale heterogeneity and a mechanism of chip formation when machining AISI 4340 steel at high speed is proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. Komanduri
- Corporate Research & Development, General Electric Co., Schenectady, N.Y. 12301
| | - T. Schroeder
- Mechanical Systems Research, Carboloy Systems Department, General Electric Co., Detroit, Mich
| | - J. Hazra
- Turning Products, Carboloy Systems Department, General Electric Co., Detroit, Mich
| | | | - D. G. Flom
- Advanced Machining & Wear Control Program, Corporate Research & Development, General Electric Co., Schenectady, N.Y. 12301
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hazra J. In vitro demonstration of seasonal transition effect on acetylcholine liberation from Auerbach's plexus of non-hibernator. Experientia 1975; 31:1440-1. [PMID: 1213068 DOI: 10.1007/bf01923233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Acetylcholine release from Auerbach's plexus of guinea-pig ileum, in vitro, both spontaneous and evoked by field-stimulation, responds to the seasonal transition from the spring to close to the beginning of summer. It did not change during the summer, however, tended to be higher than during the initial period (3 weeks after the beginning of spring).
Collapse
|
27
|
Hazra J. Evidence against prostaglandin E having a physiological role in acetylcholine liberation from Auerbach's plexus of guinea-pig ileum. Experientia 1975; 31:565-6. [PMID: 1140256 DOI: 10.1007/bf01932460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The effect of INDO, a PGE synthesis inhibitor, on ACh output from Auerbach's plexus of guinea-pig ileum was investigated. INDO (15-45 mum/ml) failed to alter significantly either spontaneous ACh output or ACh output induced by field stimulation. It is concluded that PGE plays no physiological role in ACh liberation from this tissue.
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Experimental results obtained when single crystals of aluminum of known orientation are machined under identical cutting conditions are presented. Analysis of the data obtained shows that the dynamic shear stress remains constant for all orientations tested and is in good agreement with the calculated value for polycrystalline aluminum. The implications of these results to metal cutting theory and the metal physical foundations on which the concept of dynamic shear stress, as a true material property, rests are discussed. The possible role that the dynamic shear stress may play in determining the geometry of the metal cutting problem, a problem in partially constrained plastic flow of metals, is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Ramalingam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, N. Y
| | - J. Hazra
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, N. Y
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
|
30
|
|
31
|
Hazra J, Ehrenpreis S. Role of acetylcholine in mammalian neuromuscular transmission. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 1970; 184:277-86. [PMID: 4318190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
32
|
|