1
|
Morgan A, Kiser CA, Bronson I, Lin H, Guillette N, McMahon R, Kennell JA, Long LJ, Reed LK, Rele CP. Drosophila eugracilis - Akt. MicroPubl Biol 2022; 2022:10.17912/micropub.biology.000544. [PMID: 35856017 PMCID: PMC9287739 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.000544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Gene Model for Akt in the D. eugracilis (DeugGB2) assembly (GCA_000236325.2).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chinmay P. Rele
- The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA
,
Correspondence to: Chinmay P. Rele (
)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu J, Kennell JA. Characterizing the
Drosophila
Orthologs of Phosphoglycolate Phosphatase and Pyridoxal Phosphate Phosphatase. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r5431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Liu
- BiochemistryVassar CollegePoughkeepsieNY
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Clerbaux LA, Schultz H, Roman-Holba S, Ruan DF, Yu R, Lamb AM, Bommer GT, Kennell JA. The microRNA miR-33 is a pleiotropic regulator of metabolic and developmental processes in Drosophila melanogaster. Dev Dyn 2021; 250:1634-1650. [PMID: 33840153 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND miR-33 family members are well characterized regulators of cellular lipid levels in mammals. Previous studies have shown that overexpression of miR-33 in Drosophila melanogaster leads to elevated triacylglycerol (TAG) levels in certain contexts. Although loss of miR-33 in flies causes subtle defects in larval and adult ovaries, the effects of miR-33 deficiency on lipid metabolism and other phenotypes impacted by metabolic state have not yet been characterized. RESULTS We found that loss of miR-33 predisposes flies to elevated TAG levels, and we identified genes involved in TAG synthesis as direct targets of miR-33, including atpcl, midway, and Akt1. miR-33 mutants survived longer upon starvation but showed greater sensitivity to an oxidative stressor. We also found evidence that miR-33 is a negative regulator of cuticle pigmentation and that miR-33 mutants show a reduction in interfollicular stalk cells during oogenesis. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that miR-33 is a conserved regulator of lipid homeostasis, and its targets are involved in both degradation and synthesis of fatty acids and TAG. The constellation of phenotypes involving tissues that are highly sensitive to metabolic state suggests that miR-33 serves to prevent extreme fluctuations in metabolically sensitive tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laure-Alix Clerbaux
- Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium.,Department of Biology and Program in Biochemistry, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York, USA
| | - Hayley Schultz
- Department of Biology and Program in Biochemistry, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York, USA
| | - Samara Roman-Holba
- Department of Biology and Program in Biochemistry, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York, USA
| | - Dan Fu Ruan
- Department of Biology and Program in Biochemistry, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York, USA
| | - Ronald Yu
- Department of Biology and Program in Biochemistry, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York, USA
| | - Abigail M Lamb
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Guido T Bommer
- Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Jennifer A Kennell
- Department of Biology and Program in Biochemistry, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shakhmantsir I, Massad NL, Kennell JA. Regulation of cuticle pigmentation indrosophilaby the nutrient sensing insulin and TOR signaling pathways. Dev Dyn 2013; 243:393-401. [DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
|
5
|
Kennell JA, Cadigan KM, Shakhmantsir I, Waldron EJ. The microRNA miR-8 is a positive regulator of pigmentation and eclosion in Drosophila. Dev Dyn 2012; 241:161-8. [PMID: 22174085 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.23705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally silence gene expression by binding to target mRNAs. Previous studies have identified the miRNA miR-8 as a pleiotropic regulator of Drosophila development, controlling body size and neuronal survival by targeting multiple mRNAs. In this study we demonstrate that miR-8 is also required for proper spatial patterning of pigment on the adult abdominal cuticle in females but not males. RESULTS Female adult flies lacking miR-8 exhibit decreased pigmentation of the dorsal abdomen, with a pattern of pigmentation similar to wild type flies grown at higher temperatures. This pigmentation defect in miR-8 mutants is independent of the previously reported body size defect, and miR-8 acts directly in the developing cuticle to regulate pigmentation patterning. The decrease in pigmentation in miR-8 mutants was more pronounced in flies grown at higher temperatures. We also found that loss of miR-8 dramatically affected the ability to eclose at higher temperatures. CONCLUSION Loss of miR-8 increased the sensitivity of Drosophila to higher temperatures for both pigmentation patterning and the ability to eclose. Together, these data suggest that miR-8 acts as a buffer to stabilize gene expression patterns in the midst of environmental variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Kennell
- Department of Biology, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York 12604, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jack J, Engelhardt N, Kennell JA. Identification of regulators of the Wnt signaling pathway using a genetic screen in Drosophila melanogaster. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.712.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
7
|
Abstract
Wnt signaling has been reported to block apoptosis and regulate differentiation of mesenchymal progenitors through inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3 and stabilization of beta-catenin. The effects of Wnt in preadipocytes may be mediated through Frizzled (Fz) 1 and/or Fz2 as these Wnt receptors are expressed in preadipocytes and their expression declines upon induction of differentiation. We ectopically expressed constitutively active chimeras between Wnt8 and Fz1 or Fz2 in preadipocytes and mesenchymal precursor cells. Our results indicated that activated Fz1 increases stability of beta-catenin, inhibits apoptosis, induces osteoblastogenesis, and inhibits adipogenesis. Although activated Fz2 does not influence apoptosis or osteoblastogenesis, it inhibits adipogenesis through a mechanism independent of beta-catenin. An important mediator of the beta-catenin-independent pathway appears to be calcineurin because inhibitors of this serine/threonine phosphatase partially rescue the block to adipogenesis caused by Wnt3a or activated Fz2. These data supported a model in which Wnt signaling inhibits adipogenesis through both beta-catenin-dependent and beta-catenin-independent mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Kennell
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0622, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kennell JA, O'Leary EE, Gummow BM, Hammer GD, MacDougald OA. T-cell factor 4N (TCF-4N), a novel isoform of mouse TCF-4, synergizes with beta-catenin to coactivate C/EBPalpha and steroidogenic factor 1 transcription factors. Mol Cell Biol 2003; 23:5366-75. [PMID: 12861022 PMCID: PMC165725 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.23.15.5366-5375.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2003] [Revised: 05/05/2003] [Accepted: 05/09/2003] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have cloned T-cell factor 4N (TCF-4N), an alternative isoform of TCF-4, from developing pituitary and 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. This protein contains the N-terminal interaction domain for beta-catenin but lacks the DNA binding domain. While TCF-4N inhibited coactivation by beta-catenin of a TCF/lymphoid-enhancing factor (LEF)-dependent promoter, TCF-4N potentiated coactivation by beta-catenin of several non-TCF/LEF-dependent promoters. For example, TCF-4N synergized with beta-catenin to activate the alpha-inhibin promoter through functional and physical interactions with the orphan nuclear receptor steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1). In addition, TCF-4N and beta-catenin synergized with the adipogenic transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPalpha) to induce leptin promoter activity. The mechanism by which beta-catenin and TCF-4N coactivated C/EBPalpha appeared to involve p300, based upon synergy between these important transcriptional regulators. Consistent with TCF-4N's redirecting the actions of beta-catenin in cells, ectopic expression of TCF-4N in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes partially relieved the block of adipogenesis caused by beta-catenin. Thus, we propose that TCF-4N inhibits coactivation by beta-catenin of TCF/LEF transcription factors and potentiates the coactivation by beta-catenin of other transcription factors, such as SF-1 and C/EBPalpha.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Kennell
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 E. Catherine Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0622, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Longo KA, Kennell JA, Ochocinska MJ, Ross SE, Wright WS, MacDougald OA. Wnt signaling protects 3T3-L1 preadipocytes from apoptosis through induction of insulin-like growth factors. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:38239-44. [PMID: 12154096 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m206402200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectopic expression of Wnt-1 in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes stabilizes beta-catenin, activates TCF-dependent gene transcription, and blocks adipogenesis. Here we report that upon serum withdrawal, Wnt-1 causes 3T3-L1 cells to resist apoptosis through a mechanism that is partially dependent on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Although activation of Wnt signaling by inhibition of GSK-3 activity or ectopic expression of dominant stable beta-catenin blocks apoptosis, inhibition of Wnt signaling through expression of dominant negative TCF-4 increases apoptosis. Wnt-1 stimulates 3T3-L1 preadipocytes to secrete factors that increase PKB/Akt phosphorylation at levels comparable with treatment with 10% serum. With DNA microarrays, we identified several secreted antiapoptotic genes that are induced by Wnt-1, notably insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and IGF-II. Consistent with IGFs mediating the antiapoptotic effects of Wnt-1 in preadipocytes, conditioned medium from Wnt-1 expressing 3T3-L1 cells was unable to promote protein kinase B phosphorylation after the addition of recombinant IGFBP-4. Thus, we demonstrated that Wnt-1 induces expression of antiapoptotic genes in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes such as IGF-I and IGF-II, which allows these cells to resist apoptosis in response to serum deprivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A Longo
- Department of Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0622, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Douglas KR, Brinkmeier ML, Kennell JA, Eswara P, Harrison TA, Patrianakos AI, Sprecher BS, Potok MA, Lyons RH, MacDougald OA, Camper SA. Identification of members of the Wnt signaling pathway in the embryonic pituitary gland. Mamm Genome 2001; 12:843-51. [PMID: 11845287 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-001-2076-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2001] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Prop1 is one of several transcription factors important for the development of the pituitary gland. Downstream targets of PROP1 and other critical pituitary transcription factors remain largely unknown. We have generated a partial expression profile of the developing pituitary gland containing over 350 transcripts, using cDNA subtractive hybridization between Prop1(df/df) and wild-type embryonic pituitary gland primordia. Numerous classes of genes including transcription factors, membrane associated molecules, and cell cycle regulators were identified in this study. Of the transcripts, 34% do not have sequence similarity to known genes, but are similar to ESTs, and 4% represent novel sequences. Pituitary gland expression of a number of clones was verified using in situ hybridization. Several members of the Wnt signaling pathway were identified in the developing pituitary gland. The frizzled2 receptor, Apc, beta-catenin, groucho, and a novel isoform of TCF4 (officially named Tcf7l2) were identified in developing pituitary libraries. Three N-terminal alternatively spliced Tcf7l2 isoforms are reported here, each of which lacks a DNA-binding domain. Functional studies indicate that these isoforms can act as endogenous inhibitors of Wnt signaling in some contexts. This is the first report of Tcf7l2 and Fzd2 expression in the developing pituitary. These molecules may be important in mediating Wnt signaling during pituitary ontogeny. We expect other transcripts from these libraries to be involved in pituitary gland development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K R Douglas
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, 4301 MSRBIII, 1500 W. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0638, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kennell JA, Richards NW, Schaner PE, Gumucio DL. cDNA cloning, chromosomal localization and evolutionary analysis of mouse vacuolar ATPase subunit D, Atp6m. Cytogenet Cell Genet 2001; 92:337-41. [PMID: 11435709 DOI: 10.1159/000056924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The multi-subunit vacuolar ATPase pump uses ATP hydrolysis to move protons into membrane bound compartments. The pump is involved in a variety of cellular functions, including regulation of cytosolic pH, vesicular transport, endocytosis, secretion, and apoptosis. Here, we describe the cDNA cloning and chromosomal mapping of subunit D of murine V-ATPase. The mouse gene, designated Atp6m, maps to Chromosome 12, in a region of high homology with human chromosome 14q24. Evolutionary analysis of subunit D orthologs in a variety of other species reveals that this is a highly conserved protein that has been under remarkably strong negative selection during evolution, most likely reflecting its critical role in multiple cellular processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J A Kennell
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0616, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|