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Herrera A, Hall M, Alex Ahearn M, Ahuja A, Bradford KK, Campbell RA, Chatterjee A, Coletti HY, Crowder VL, Dancel R, Diaz M, Fuchs J, Guidici J, Lewis E, Stephens JR, Sutton AG, Sweeney A, Ward KM, Weinberg S, Zwemer EK, Harrison WN. Differences in testing for drugs of abuse amongst racial and ethnic groups at children's hospitals. J Hosp Med 2024; 19:368-376. [PMID: 38383949 DOI: 10.1002/jhm.13305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Racial and ethnic differences in drug testing have been described among adults and newborns. Less is known regarding testing patterns among children and adolescents. We sought to describe the association between race and ethnicity and drug testing at US children's hospitals. We hypothesized that non-Hispanic White children undergo drug testing less often than children from other groups. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of emergency department (ED)-only encounters and hospitalizations for children diagnosed with a condition for which drug testing may be indicated (abuse or neglect, burns, malnutrition, head injury, vomiting, altered mental status or syncope, psychiatric, self-harm, and seizure) at 41 children's hospitals participating in the Pediatric Health Information System during 2018 and 2021. We compared drug testing rates among (non-Hispanic) Asian, (non-Hispanic) Black, Hispanic, and (non-Hispanic) White children overall, by condition and patient cohort (ED-only vs. hospitalized) and across hospitals. RESULTS Among 920,755 encounters, 13.6% underwent drug testing. Black children were tested at significantly higher rates overall (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.18; 1.05-1.33) than White children. Black-White testing differences were observed in the hospitalized cohort (aOR: 1.42; 1.18-1.69) but not among ED-only encounters (aOR: 1.07; 0.92-1.26). Asian, Hispanic, and White children underwent testing at similar rates. Testing varied by diagnosis and across hospitals. CONCLUSIONS Hospitalized Black children were more likely than White children to undergo drug testing at US children's hospitals, though this varied by diagnosis and hospital. Our results support efforts to better understand and address healthcare disparities, including the contributions of implicit bias and structural racism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Herrera
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matt Hall
- Department of Analytics, Children's Hospital Association, Lenexa, Kansas, USA
| | - Marshall Alex Ahearn
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Arshiya Ahuja
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kathleen K Bradford
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robert A Campbell
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ashmita Chatterjee
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Hannah Y Coletti
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Virginia L Crowder
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ria Dancel
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Melissa Diaz
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jennifer Fuchs
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jessica Guidici
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Emilee Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - John R Stephens
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ashley G Sutton
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alison Sweeney
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kelley M Ward
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Steven Weinberg
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Eric K Zwemer
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Wade N Harrison
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Schnittler M, Inoue M, Shchepin ON, Fuchs J, Chang H, Lamkowski P, Knapp R, Horn K, Bennert HW, Bog M. Hybridization and reticulate evolution in Diphasiastrum (flat-branched clubmosses, Lycopodiaceae) - New data from the island of Taiwan and Vietnam. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2024; 196:108067. [PMID: 38561082 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
In the species groups related to Diphasiastrum multispicatum and D. veitchii, hybridization was investigated in samples from northern and southern Vietnam and the island of Taiwan, including available herbarium specimens from southeast Asia. The accessions were analyzed using flow cytometry (living material only), Sanger sequencing and multiplexed inter-simple sequence repeat genotyping by sequencing. We detected two cases of ancient hybridization involving different combinations of parental species; both led via subsequent duplication to tetraploid taxa. A cross D. multispicatum × D. veitchii from Malaysia represents D. wightianum, a tetraploid taxon according to reported DNA content measurements of dried material (genome formulas MM, VV and MMVV, respectively). The second case involves D. veitchii and an unknown diploid parent (genome formula XX). Three hybridogenous taxa (genome formulas VVX, VVXX, VVVX) were discernable by a combination of flow cytometry and molecular data. Taxon I (VVX, three clones found on Taiwan island) is apparently triploid. Taxon II represents another genetically diverse and sexual tetraploid species (VVXX) and can be assigned to D. yueshanense, described from Taiwan island but occurring as well in mainland China and Vietnam. Taxon III is as well most likely tetraploid (VVVX) and represented by at least one, more likely two, clones from Taiwan island. Taxa I and III are presumably asexual and new to science. Two independently inherited nuclear markers recombine only within, not between these hybrids, pointing towards reproductive isolation. We present an evolutionary scheme which explains the origin of the hybrids and the evolution of new and fully sexual species by hybridization and subsequent allopolyploidization in flat-branched clubmosses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schnittler
- Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Soldmannstraße 15, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - M Inoue
- Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Soldmannstraße 15, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - O N Shchepin
- Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Soldmannstraße 15, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J Fuchs
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstraße 3, Stadt Seeland, D-06466 OT Gatersleben, Germany
| | - H Chang
- Division of Botany, Endemic Species Research Institute, 1, Ming Seng E. Road, Jiji, Nantou 552, Taiwan, ROC
| | - P Lamkowski
- Nature Conservation and Land Use Planning, University of Applied Sciences Neubrandenburg, Brodaer Straße 2, D-17033 Neubrandenburg, Germany
| | - R Knapp
- Steigestraße 78, D-69412 Eberbach, Germany
| | - K Horn
- Büro für angewandte Geobotanik und Landschaftsökologie (BaGL), Frankenstraße 2, D-91077 Dormitz, Germany
| | - H W Bennert
- Evolution and Biodiversity of Plants, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - M Bog
- Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Soldmannstraße 15, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany.
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Von Cube C, Schmidt A, Krönninger M, Hrivatakis G, Astfalk W, Fuchs J, Ellerkamp V. A closer look to the timing of orchidopexy in undescended testes and adherence to the AWMF-guideline. Pediatr Surg Int 2024; 40:60. [PMID: 38421443 PMCID: PMC10904547 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-024-05659-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To lower the risk of testicular malignancies and subfertility, international guidelines recommend orchidopexy for undescended testis (UDT) before the age of 12-18 months. Previous studies reported low rates of 5-15% of timely surgery. Most of these studies are based on DRG and OPS code-based data from healthcare system institutions that do not distinguish between congenital and acquired UDT. METHODS In a retrospective study data of all boys who underwent orchidopexy in a university hospital and two outpatient surgical departments from 2009 to 2022 were analyzed. The data differentiates congenital from acquired UDT. RESULTS Out of 2694 patients, 1843 (68.4%) had congenital and 851 (31.6%) had acquired UDT. In 24.9% of congenital cases surgery was performed before the age of 12 months. The median age at surgery for congenital UDT was 16 months (range 7-202). Over the years there was an increased rate of boys operated on before the age of 2 (40% in 2009, 60% in 2022). The median age fluctuated over the years between 21 and 11 months without a trend to younger ages.. The covid pandemic did not lead to an increase of the median age at surgery. The median time between referral and surgery was 46 days (range 1-1836). Reasons for surgery after 12 months of age were a delayed referral to pediatric surgeries (51.2%), followed by relevant comorbidities (28.2%). CONCLUSION Compared to recent literature, out data show that a closer look at details enables a more realistic approach. Still, there is no trend towards the recommended age for surgical treatment observable, but the rate of timely operated boys with congenital UDT is significantly higher than stated in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Von Cube
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, Eberhard Karls University, Tubingen, Germany
| | - A Schmidt
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, Eberhard Karls University, Tubingen, Germany
| | - M Krönninger
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, Eberhard Karls University, Tubingen, Germany
| | - G Hrivatakis
- Outpatient Clinic for Pediatric and Adolescent Surgery, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - W Astfalk
- Outpatient Clinic for Surgery, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - J Fuchs
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, Eberhard Karls University, Tubingen, Germany
| | - V Ellerkamp
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, Eberhard Karls University, Tubingen, Germany.
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Municipal Hospital Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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Fuchs J, Rajbhandari P, Webb N, Walker J. Expanding PHM Fellowships: Current Landscape, Challenges, and Potential Solutions. Hosp Pediatr 2024; 14:e116-e119. [PMID: 38282530 DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2023-007416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Fuchs
- University of North Carolina Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | - Nicole Webb
- Valley Children's Healthcare, Madera, California
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Günther M, Dabare S, Fuchs J, Gunesch S, Hofmann J, Decker M, Culmsee C. Flavonoid-Phenolic Acid Hybrids Are Potent Inhibitors of Ferroptosis via Attenuation of Mitochondrial Impairment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:44. [PMID: 38247469 PMCID: PMC10812788 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cinnamic acid, ferulic acid, and the flavonoids quercetin and taxifolin (dihydroquercetin) are naturally occurring compounds found in plants. They are often referred to as polyphenols and are known, among others, for their pharmacological effects supporting health through the inhibition of aging processes and oxidative stress. To improve their bioavailability, pharmacological activities, and safety, the creation of novel flavonoid-phenolic acid hybrids is an area of active research. Previous work showed that such hybridization products of phenolic acids and flavonoids enhanced the resilience of neuronal cells against oxidative stress in vitro, and attenuated cognitive impairment in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in vivo. Notably, the therapeutic effects of the hybrid compounds we obtained were more pronounced than the protective activities of the respective individual components. The underlying mechanisms mediated by the flavonoid-phenolic acid hybrids, however, remained unclear and may differ from the signaling pathways activated by the originating structures of the respective individual phenolic acids or flavonoids. In this study, we characterized the effects of four previously described potent flavonoid-phenolic acid hybrids in models of oxidative cell death through ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is a type of iron-dependent regulated cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial ROS generation and has been linked to neurodegenerative conditions. In models of ferroptosis induced by erastin or RSL3, we analyzed mitochondrial (lipid) peroxidation, mitochondrial membrane integrity, and Ca2+ regulation. Our results demonstrate the strong protective effects of the hybrid compounds against ROS formation in the cytosol and mitochondria. Importantly, these protective effects against ferroptosis were not mediated by radical scavenging activities of the phenolic hybrid compounds but through inhibition of mitochondrial complex I activity and reduced mitochondrial respiration. Our data highlight the effects of flavonoid-phenolic acid hybrids on mitochondrial metabolism and further important mitochondrial parameters that collectively determine the health and functionality of mitochondria with a high impact on the integrity and survival of the neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Günther
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 2, 35043 Marburg, Germany;
| | - Samentha Dabare
- Marburg Center of Mind, Brain, and Behavior—CMBB, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Fuchs
- Marburg Center of Mind, Brain, and Behavior—CMBB, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Gunesch
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany (M.D.)
| | - Julian Hofmann
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany (M.D.)
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany (M.D.)
| | - Carsten Culmsee
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 2, 35043 Marburg, Germany;
- Marburg Center of Mind, Brain, and Behavior—CMBB, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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Kuehle R, Scheurer M, Bouffleur F, Fuchs J, Engel M, Hoffmann J, Freudlsperger C. Accuracy of Patient-Specific Implants in Virtually Planned Segmental Le Fort I Osteotomies. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6038. [PMID: 37762977 PMCID: PMC10532412 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12186038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: In orthognathic surgery, segmental Le Fort I osteotomies are a valuable method to correct maxillary deformities or transversal discrepancies. However, these procedures are technically challenging, and osteosynthesis can be prone to error. (2) Methods: In this retrospective, monocentric cohort study, patients were enrolled who underwent a virtually planned segmental maxillary osteotomy during their combined treatment. Positioning and osteosynthesis were achieved by either a 3D-printed splint and conventional miniplates or patient-specific implants (PSI). The preoperative CT data, virtual planning data, and postoperative CBCT data were segmented. The deviation of all the segments from the desired virtually planned position was measured using the analysis function of IPS CaseDesigner. (3) Results: 28 Patients in the PSI Group and 22 in the conventional groups were included. The PSI group showed significantly lower deviation from the planned position anteroposteriorly (-0.63 ± 1.62 mm vs. -1.3 ± 2.54 mm) and craniocaudally (-1.39 ± 1.59 mm vs. -2.7 ± 3.1 mm). For rotational deviations, the pitch (0.64 ± 2.59° vs. 2.91 ± 4.08°), as well as the inward rotation of the lateral segments, was positively influenced by PSI. (4). Conclusions: The presented data show that patient-specific osteosynthesis significantly reduces deviations from the preoperative plan in virtually planned cases. Transversal expansions and vertical positioning can be addressed better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinald Kuehle
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Fuchs J, Zwemer E, Gillespie A, Zarick P, Berkoff M. Making Trauma Less Traumatic: Implementing Inpatient Pediatric Screening of Acute Stress Symptoms. Hosp Pediatr 2023:e2022006930. [PMID: 37465914 DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2022-006930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pediatric patients hospitalized for physical injury and trauma are at increased risk of developing acute stress disorder. Routine identification and referral for treatment of patients with psychological sequelae of traumatic injury were added to the accreditation requirements of the American College of Surgeons for pediatric trauma centers in 2022. We aimed to use quality improvement methodology with iterative interventions to increase psychological screening consults for admitted pediatric trauma patients to 80% in 6 months. METHODS We planned a quality improvement intervention to increase identification of posttraumatic psychological symptoms in pediatric trauma patients. We created a Making Trauma Less Traumatic consultation service with a dedicated therapist to provide screening, treatment, and referral. Key interventions included education of key stakeholders and iterative improvements in consultation workflow. Our primary measure was frequency of eligible pediatric trauma patients who had consultation requests for posttrauma therapy during admission. We additionally monitored percent of patients with positive symptom screens and lost to follow-up. RESULTS From September 2020 through November 2021, consults for eligible pediatric trauma patients improved from a baseline of 4.1% to a weekly mean of 100%. Of those screened, 32.7% had at least 1 symptom of acute stress. No families declined screening or therapy, though 29.5% were lost to intended follow-up. CONCLUSIONS We present a successful model of implementing routine psychological screening of pediatric trauma patients utilizing a dedicated consultation service. A high number of admitted patients screened positive for symptoms during hospitalization. Families were accepting of the intervention though follow-up was challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paul Zarick
- UNC Trauma Program, University of North Carolina Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Schunn MC, Schäfer J, Neunhoeffer F, Lieber J, Fuchs J. [Blunt abdominal trauma in children and adolescents: treatment concepts in the acute phase]. Chirurgie (Heidelb) 2023; 94:651-663. [PMID: 37338573 DOI: 10.1007/s00104-022-01798-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Fatal accidents due to blunt force trauma are the leading cause of death in children and adolescents [1]. Abdominal trauma is the third most common cause of death after traumatic brain injury and thoracic injuries [2]. Abdominal injury is seen in approximately 2-5% of children involved in accidents [3]. Blunt abdominal injuries are common sequelae of traffic accidents (for example as seat belt injury), falls, and sports accidents. Penetrating abdominal injuries are rare in central Europe. Spleen, liver, and kidney lacerations are the most common injuries after blunt abdominal trauma [4]. In most situations, nonoperative management (NOM) has become the gold standard with the surgeon leading the multidisciplinary treatment [5].
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Schunn
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Abteilung für Kinderchirurgie und Kinderurologie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tübingen, Deutschland.
| | - J Schäfer
- Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Abteilung für Kinderradiologie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tübingen, Deutschland
| | - F Neunhoeffer
- Klinik für Kinderheilkunde, Abteilung für Kinderkardiologie, Intensivmedizin und Pulmonologie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tübingen, Deutschland
| | - J Lieber
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Abteilung für Kinderchirurgie und Kinderurologie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tübingen, Deutschland
| | - J Fuchs
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Abteilung für Kinderchirurgie und Kinderurologie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tübingen, Deutschland
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Yao W, Higginson A, Marquès JR, Antici P, Béard J, Burdonov K, Borghesi M, Castan A, Ciardi A, Coleman B, Chen SN, d'Humières E, Gangolf T, Gremillet L, Khiar B, Lancia L, Loiseau P, Ribeyre X, Soloviev A, Starodubtsev M, Wang Q, Fuchs J. Dynamics of Nanosecond Laser Pulse Propagation and of Associated Instabilities in a Magnetized Underdense Plasma. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:265101. [PMID: 37450828 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.265101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The propagation and energy coupling of intense laser beams in plasmas are critical issues in inertial confinement fusion. Applying magnetic fields to such a setup has been shown to enhance fuel confinement and heating. Here we report on experimental measurements demonstrating improved transmission and increased smoothing of a high-power laser beam propagating in a magnetized underdense plasma. We also measure enhanced backscattering, which our kinetic simulations show is due to magnetic confinement of hot electrons, thus leading to reduced target preheating.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Yao
- LULI-CNRS, CEA, UPMC Univ Paris 06: Sorbonne Université, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris-F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
- Sorbonne Université, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, LERMA, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - A Higginson
- Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0417, USA
| | - J-R Marquès
- LULI-CNRS, CEA, UPMC Univ Paris 06: Sorbonne Université, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris-F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - P Antici
- INRS-EMT, 1650 boul, Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC, J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - J Béard
- CNRS, LNCMI, Univ Toulouse 3, INSA Toulouse, Univ Grenoble Alpes, EMFL, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - K Burdonov
- LULI-CNRS, CEA, UPMC Univ Paris 06: Sorbonne Université, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris-F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
- Sorbonne Université, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, LERMA, F-75005, Paris, France
- JIHT, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125412, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Borghesi
- School of Mathematics and Physics, The Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - A Castan
- LULI-CNRS, CEA, UPMC Univ Paris 06: Sorbonne Université, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris-F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
- CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France
| | - A Ciardi
- Sorbonne Université, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, LERMA, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - B Coleman
- School of Mathematics and Physics, The Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - S N Chen
- "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, RO-077125 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - E d'Humières
- University of Bordeaux, CELIA, CNRS, CEA, UMR 5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - T Gangolf
- LULI-CNRS, CEA, UPMC Univ Paris 06: Sorbonne Université, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris-F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - L Gremillet
- CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, LMCE, 91680 Bruyères-le-Châtel, France
| | - B Khiar
- Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aérospatiales (ONERA), Palaiseau 91123, France
| | - L Lancia
- LULI-CNRS, CEA, UPMC Univ Paris 06: Sorbonne Université, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris-F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - P Loiseau
- CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, LMCE, 91680 Bruyères-le-Châtel, France
| | - X Ribeyre
- University of Bordeaux, CELIA, CNRS, CEA, UMR 5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | | | | | - Q Wang
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211 116 St. NW, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - J Fuchs
- LULI-CNRS, CEA, UPMC Univ Paris 06: Sorbonne Université, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris-F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
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Avanzini S, Dall'Igna P, Bjornland K, Braungart S, Cross K, Flores P, Gabra HOS, Gomez-Chacon J, Irtan S, Lobos P, Loh A, Matthyssens LE, Metzelder M, Parodi S, Pio L, Van de Ven CP, Fuchs J, Losty PD, Sarnacki S. Beyond image defined risk factors (IDRFs): a delphi survey highlighting definition of the surgical complexity index (SCI) in neuroblastoma. Pediatr Surg Int 2023; 39:191. [PMID: 37140693 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-023-05477-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Preoperative evaluation of Image Defined Risk Factors (IDRFs) in neuroblastoma (NB) is crucial for determining suitability for upfront resection or tumor biopsy. IDRFs do not all carry the same weighting in predicting tumor complexity and surgical risk. In this study we aimed to assess and categorize a surgical complexity (Surgical Complexity Index, SCI) in NB resection. METHODS A panel of 15 surgeons was involved in an electronic Delphi consensus survey to identify and score a set of shared items predictive and/or indicative of surgical complexity, including the number of preoperative IDRFs. A shared agreement included the achievement of at least 75% consensus focused on a single or two close risk categories. RESULTS After 3 Delphi rounds, agreement was established on 25/27 items (92.6%). A severity score was established for each item ranging from 0 to 3 with an overall SCI range varying from a minimum score of zero to a maximum score of 29 points for any given patient. CONCLUSIONS A consensus on a SCI to stratify the risks related to neuroblastoma tumor resection was established by the panel experts. This index will now be deployed to critically assign a better severity score to IDRFs involved in NB surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Avanzini
- Pediatric Surgery Department, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Largo G, Gaslini 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy.
| | - P Dall'Igna
- Pediatric Surgery, Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione e Rigenerativa a Area Jonica, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Consorziale Ospedale Pediatrico Giovanni XXIII, Bari, Italy
| | - K Bjornland
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Oslo University Hospital/University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - S Braungart
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - K Cross
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Specialist Neonatal and Pediatric Surgery, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - P Flores
- Pediatric Surgery Department Garrahan Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - H O S Gabra
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, The Great North Children Hospital, Newcastle University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - J Gomez-Chacon
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Surgical Oncology Unit, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - S Irtan
- Department of Visceral Pediatric and Neonatal Surgery, Sorbonne Université, Armand Trousseau Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - P Lobos
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Loh
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - L E Matthyssens
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Princess Elisabeth Children's Hospital, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Metzelder
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Parodi
- Scientific Directorate, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - L Pio
- Pediatric Surgery Department, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Largo G, Gaslini 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - C P Van de Ven
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J Fuchs
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - P D Losty
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - S Sarnacki
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, APHP Centre, University Hospital Necker Enfants Malades, University Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Dressler D, Fuchs J, Silberman P, Kocherginsky M, Sun Z, Boumber Y, Kwang Chae Y, Mohindra N, Ragam A, Vakkalagadda C, Patel J. PP01.13 Low Screening Rates in Patients Ultimately Diagnosed with Advanced NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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12
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Kuehle R, Kuebler M, Fuchs J, Weichel F, Moratin J, Freier K, Engel M, Hoffmann J, Ristow O, Freudlsperger C. The value of prebent reconstruction plates and in-house 3D printing. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023; 124:101381. [PMID: 36642249 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2023.101381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reconstruction plates, prebent on 3D printed models, are a cheap, quick, and safe solution to improve mandibular reconstruction procedures. The European Medical Device Regulation has changed recently and severely affects 3D printing in hospitals. Therefore, its legitimation must be discussed. This retrospective observational Case-Control Study aimed to evaluate the impact of prebent reconstruction plates on the condylar position in the temporomandibular joint after continuity resection of the mandible in oncological cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS We included patients who underwent segmental mandibular resection without exarticulation of the condyle or history of prior surgery. The patients were divided into groups with prebent plates on a stereolithographic model and intraoperatively bent reconstruction plates. The segmental defects were categorized using the Jewer Classification. Computed Tomography (CT) scans before and after surgery were analyzed using a standardized method to measure the metric movement of the condyles, as well as their angulation to reference planes to quantify positional changes (primary outcome measures). The influence of the defect location, according to the Jewer classification, was evaluated as a secondary outcome measure. RESULTS 73 patients, including 33 with preformed reconstruction plates, were included. We could show significantly fewer rotational deviations in cases of prefabricated osteosynthesis in the coronal plane (p<0,001) and in the sagittal plane (p<0,027). DISCUSSION Using preformed reconstruction plates on 3D printed models improves the correct anatomical position of the condyle after mandibular resection. Especially Jewer-class-L defects seem to benefit from individualized reconstruction plates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinald Kuehle
- University of Heidelberg, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Medea Kuebler
- University of Heidelberg, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Fuchs
- University of Heidelberg, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frederic Weichel
- University of Heidelberg, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julius Moratin
- University of Heidelberg, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kolja Freier
- University of Heidelberg Saarland, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kirrberger Straße 100, D-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Michael Engel
- University of Heidelberg, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hoffmann
- University of Heidelberg, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Ristow
- University of Heidelberg, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Freudlsperger
- University of Heidelberg, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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13
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Gutierrez-Wu JC, Fuchs J, Flower KB. Recentering Family-Centered Rounds to Address Racial and Ethnic Disparities. Pediatrics 2022; 150:189917. [PMID: 36345696 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2022-058962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C Gutierrez-Wu
- Divisions of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine.,Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jennifer Fuchs
- Hospital Pediatrics.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine
| | - Kori B Flower
- Divisions of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine
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14
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Ahearn MA, Stephens JR, Zwemer EK, Hall M, Ahuja A, Chatterjee A, Coletti H, Fuchs J, Lewis E, Liles EA, Reade E, Sutton AG, Sweeney A, Weinberg S, Harrison WN. Characteristics and Outcomes of Children Discharged With Nasoenteral Feeding Tubes. Hosp Pediatr 2022; 12:969-980. [PMID: 36285567 DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2022-006627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the characteristics and outcomes of children discharged from the hospital with new nasoenteral tube (NET) use after acute hospitalization. METHODS Retrospective cohort study using multistate Medicaid data of children <18 years old with a claim for tube feeding supplies within 30 days after discharge from a nonbirth hospitalization between 2016 and 2019. Children with a gastrostomy tube (GT) or requiring home NET use in the 90 days before admission were excluded. Outcomes included patient characteristics and associated diagnoses, 30-day emergency department (ED-only) return visits and readmissions, and subsequent GT placement. RESULTS We identified 1815 index hospitalizations; 77.8% were patients ≤5 years of age and 81.7% had a complex chronic condition. The most common primary diagnoses associated with index hospitalization were failure to thrive (11%), malnutrition (6.8%), and acute bronchiolitis (5.9%). Thirty-day revisits were common (49%), with 26.4% experiencing an ED-only return and 30.9% hospital readmission. Revisits with a primary diagnosis code for tube displacement/dysfunction (10.7%) or pneumonia/pneumonitis (0.3%) occurred less frequently. A minority (16.9%) of patients progressed to GT placement within 6 months, 22.3% by 1 year. CONCLUSIONS Children with a variety of acute and chronic conditions are discharged from the hospital with NET feeding. All-cause 30-day revisits are common, though revisits coded for specific tube-related complications occurred less frequently. A majority of patients do not progress to GT within a year. Home NET feeding may be useful for facilitating discharge among patients unable to meet their oral nutrition goals but should be weighed against the high revisit rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alex Ahearn
- Division of Hospital Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - John R Stephens
- Division of Hospital Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Eric K Zwemer
- Division of Hospital Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Matt Hall
- Department of Analytics, Children's Hospital Association, Overland Park, Kansas
| | - Arshiya Ahuja
- Division of Hospital Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Ashmita Chatterjee
- Division of Hospital Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Hannah Coletti
- Division of Hospital Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jennifer Fuchs
- Division of Hospital Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Emilee Lewis
- Division of Hospital Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - E Allen Liles
- Division of Hospital Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Erin Reade
- Division of Hospital Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Ashley G Sutton
- Division of Hospital Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Alison Sweeney
- Division of Hospital Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Steven Weinberg
- Division of Hospital Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Wade N Harrison
- Division of Hospital Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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15
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Fuchs J, Gaertner B, Perlitz H, Kuttig T, Scheidt-Nave C. The study on health of older people in Germany (Health 65+): Design and first results. Eur J Public Health 2022. [PMCID: PMC9594600 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac131.563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Integrating older persons into continuous national public health monitoring is crucial but challenging. Health 65+ is the first national health interview and examination survey in Germany specifically tailored to the needs of the population 65+ years. Methods Health 65+ is based on two-stage stratified random sampling from 128 local population registries. It is based on a previously tested three-step procedure to contact the study population (letter, telephone, home visits). 12,448 individuals 65+ years were invited for survey participation between June 2021 and April 2022. Participation comprised answering a baseline-questionnaire/interview covering a consented set of key health indicators including SARS-COV2 infections, and 3 follow-ups. After one year participants are invited to an examination (e.g. blood pressure, grip strength, cognitive function) during a home visit. All-cause mortality, health insurance data and information on social and built environment will be linked to survey data. The preliminary data set comprises 3,107 baseline participants. Preliminary results Only few individuals were excluded for survey participation as they had deceased before invitation, moved to an unknown residence or had insufficient German language skills. Of the adjusted gross sample, 32% took part in the survey (47.9% women, mean age 78.8 years). Only 3.3% of the participants did not receive any vaccination against COVID-19, with no differences between gender or age-groups. 3.5% had already experienced a laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusions Health 65+ collects information that cannot be obtained from any other data sources. In combination with information from routine health data and official health statistics, the results will aid health policy planning and implementation research to improve health and wellbeing of older people in Germany. For example, preliminary results show, that vaccination acceptance was high in persons 65+ years in Germany. Key messages • Health 65+ will provide health data of people 65+ years in Germany. • The results will aid health policy planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fuchs
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitor, Robert Koch Institute , Berlin, Germany
| | - B Gaertner
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitor, Robert Koch Institute , Berlin, Germany
| | - H Perlitz
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitor, Robert Koch Institute , Berlin, Germany
| | - T Kuttig
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitor, Robert Koch Institute , Berlin, Germany
| | - C Scheidt-Nave
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitor, Robert Koch Institute , Berlin, Germany
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16
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Alejo A, Ahmed H, Krygier AG, Clarke R, Freeman RR, Fuchs J, Green A, Green JS, Jung D, Kleinschmidt A, Morrison JT, Najmudin Z, Nakamura H, Norreys P, Notley M, Oliver M, Roth M, Vassura L, Zepf M, Borghesi M, Kar S. Stabilized Radiation Pressure Acceleration and Neutron Generation in Ultrathin Deuterated Foils. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:114801. [PMID: 36154426 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.114801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Premature relativistic transparency of ultrathin, laser-irradiated targets is recognized as an obstacle to achieving a stable radiation pressure acceleration in the "light sail" (LS) mode. Experimental data, corroborated by 2D PIC simulations, show that a few-nm thick overcoat surface layer of high Z material significantly improves ion bunching at high energies during the acceleration. This is diagnosed by simultaneous ion and neutron spectroscopy following irradiation of deuterated plastic targets. In particular, copious and directional neutron production (significantly larger than for other in-target schemes) arises, under optimal parameters, as a signature of plasma layer integrity during the acceleration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Alejo
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - H Ahmed
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - A G Krygier
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - R Clarke
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - R R Freeman
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - J Fuchs
- LULI-CNRS, CEA, UPMC Univ Paris 06: Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - A Green
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - J S Green
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - D Jung
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - A Kleinschmidt
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J T Morrison
- Propulsion Systems Directorate, Air Force Research Lab, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, USA
| | - Z Najmudin
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - H Nakamura
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - P Norreys
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - M Notley
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - M Oliver
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - M Roth
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - L Vassura
- LULI-CNRS, CEA, UPMC Univ Paris 06: Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - M Zepf
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - M Borghesi
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - S Kar
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
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17
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Fuchs J, Arnold M, Frommer K, Aykara I, Laibe T, Rehart S, Müller-Ladner U, Neumann E. POS0429 ACTIVATED RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS SYNOVIAL FIBROBLASTS ALTER OSTEOCLAST DIFFERENTIATION AND ACTIVITY. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.3135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundIn rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoclasts are one of the most important mediators of bone erosion. In addition, RA synovial fibroblasts (RASF) have a major influence on joint erosion in RA. They affect osteoclast differentiation e.g. by increased RANKL production or secretion of other pro-osteoclastogenic factors such as IL-6. In addition to the pro-osteoclastogenic effect of soluble factors such as RANKL and IL-1, visfatin inhibits osteoclast differentiation. Furthermore, visfatin increases the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors by RASF, such as IL-6 or matrix degrading enzymes.ObjectivesIn this study, the effect of RASF with/without activation by visfatin and IL-1 on osteoclastogenesis was evaluated.MethodsBlood from healthy donors and RA patients was used for PBMC isolation. RANKL, TGF-β and hM-CSF were added to induce osteoclast differentiation. RASF-conditioned media (CM) were prepared from confluent RASF cultured for 48h. Differentiating PBMCs in monoculture were compared to PBMC cultured with CM from RASF (CM: 10%, 20%, 30%) as well as in direct co-culture with RASF with/without stimulation with IL-1 (0.05ng/ml), visfatin (25ng/ml). After two weeks in culture, cells were stained using TRAP staining. 3-5 images per well were used for quantification dependent on the variability of the wells. IL-6 was measured by ELISA in supernatants collected at day 14.ResultsIL-6 production increased by IL-1 (e.g. co-culture: 2,8-fold) and visfatin (CM-visfatin: 10%=4,3-fold, 20%=5,4-fold, 30%=4,2-fold; co-culture: 9,5-fold) compared to unstimulated control in all settings. In addition, IL-6 was increased with the addition of CM compared to unstimulated controls (healthy donors CM 30%: unstimulated p=0.0342, IL-1 p=0.0133, visfatin p=0,0133; RA: unstimulated p=0.0133, IL-1 p=0.0342, visfatin p=0.0133, n=3 each). Of note, baseline IL-6 concentrations were higher in PBMC from RA patients compared to healthy donors. Co-culture showed an additional increase in IL-6 levels in all settings (e.g. monoculture: IL-1 4.71±5.75pg/ml, visfatin 141.09±182.79pg/ml; co-culture: IL-1 7241±10398pg/ml, visfatin 24535±16994pg/ml;). During osteoclast differentiation, addition of CM showed similar osteoclastogenesis with similar proportion of osteoclasts with 2 and 3-5 vs. higher numbers of nuclei per cell compared to control. In coculture with RASF osteoclasts showed a stronger TRAP signal compared to monoculture especially for unstimulated and IL-1 stimulated co-cultures.ConclusionBoth, in monoculture with CM and in coculture, IL-6 levels were increased compared to control, whereas in RA patients the IL-6 levels were higher compared to healthy donors. The CM containing secreted factors of RASF did not have a prominent influence on osteoclastogenesis. However, the presence of RASF increased the TRAP signal showing an increased activity of differentiated osteoclasts especially in unstimulated and IL-1 stimulated co-cultures but not with addition of visfatin.ReferencesNone.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared.
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18
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Martin P, Ahmed H, Doria D, Alejo A, Clarke R, Ferguson S, Fernández-Tobias J, Freeman RR, Fuchs J, Green A, Green JS, Gwynne D, Hanton F, Jarrett J, Jung D, Kakolee KF, Krygier AG, Lewis CLS, McIlvenny A, McKenna P, Morrison JT, Najmudin Z, Naughton K, Nersisyan G, Norreys P, Notley M, Roth M, Ruiz JA, Scullion C, Zepf M, Zhai S, Borghesi M, Kar S. Absolute calibration of Fujifilm BAS-TR image plate response to laser driven protons up to 40 MeV. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:053303. [PMID: 35649771 DOI: 10.1063/5.0089402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Image plates (IPs) are a popular detector in the field of laser driven ion acceleration, owing to their high dynamic range and reusability. An absolute calibration of these detectors to laser-driven protons in the routinely produced tens of MeV energy range is, therefore, essential. In this paper, the response of Fujifilm BAS-TR IPs to 1-40 MeV protons is calibrated by employing the detectors in high resolution Thomson parabola spectrometers in conjunction with a CR-39 nuclear track detector to determine absolute proton numbers. While CR-39 was placed in front of the image plate for lower energy protons, it was placed behind the image plate for energies above 10 MeV using suitable metal filters sandwiched between the image plate and CR-39 to select specific energies. The measured response agrees well with previously reported calibrations as well as standard models of IP response, providing, for the first time, an absolute calibration over a large range of proton energies of relevance to current experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Martin
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - H Ahmed
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - D Doria
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - A Alejo
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - R Clarke
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - S Ferguson
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - J Fernández-Tobias
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - R R Freeman
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - J Fuchs
- LULI - CNRS, CEA, UPMC Univ Paris 06 : Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris - F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - A Green
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - J S Green
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - D Gwynne
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - F Hanton
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - J Jarrett
- Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NG, United Kingdom
| | - D Jung
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - K F Kakolee
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - A G Krygier
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - C L S Lewis
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - A McIlvenny
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - P McKenna
- Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NG, United Kingdom
| | - J T Morrison
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Z Najmudin
- Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - K Naughton
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - G Nersisyan
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - P Norreys
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - M Notley
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - M Roth
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schloßgartenstrasse 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J A Ruiz
- Instituto de Fusion Nuclear, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - C Scullion
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - M Zepf
- Helmholtz Institut Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - S Zhai
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - M Borghesi
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - S Kar
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
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19
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Schultheis L, Stückle J, Rajab H, Fuchs J, Warmann SW, Schmid E. Different isolation techniques for isolation of extracellular
vesicles. KLINISCHE PADIATRIE 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1748692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Schultheis
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University
Children`s Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - J Stückle
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University
Children`s Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - H Rajab
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University
Children`s Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - J Fuchs
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University
Children`s Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - SW Warmann
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University
Children`s Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - E Schmid
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University
Children`s Hospital Tübingen, Germany
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20
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Kozlov N, Pozyabin S, Bhattarai B, Lipták T, Fuchs J, Marešová S, Kuricová M. Surgical management of intervertebral disc extrusion in a rabbit. J Small Anim Pract 2022; 63:570. [PMID: 35322419 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Kozlov
- Moscow Veterinary Academy named after K.I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Pozyabin
- Moscow Veterinary Academy named after K.I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russia
| | - B Bhattarai
- Moscow Veterinary Academy named after K.I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russia
| | - T Lipták
- University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Small Animal Clinic, 04001, Košice, Slovakia
| | - J Fuchs
- University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Small Animal Clinic, 04001, Košice, Slovakia
| | - S Marešová
- University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Small Animal Clinic, 04001, Košice, Slovakia
| | - M Kuricová
- University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Small Animal Clinic, 04001, Košice, Slovakia
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21
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Marret A, Ciardi A, Smets R, Fuchs J, Nicolas L. Enhancement of the Nonresonant Streaming Instability by Particle Collisions. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:115101. [PMID: 35363004 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.115101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Streaming cosmic rays can power the exponential growth of a seed magnetic field by exciting a nonresonant instability that feeds on their bulk kinetic energy. By generating the necessary turbulent magnetic field, it is thought to play a key role in the confinement and acceleration of cosmic rays at shocks. In this Letter we present hybrid-particle-in-cell simulations of the nonresonant mode including Monte Carlo collisions, and investigate the interplay between the pressure anisotropies produced by the instability and particle collisions in the background plasma. Simulations of poorly ionized plasmas confirm the rapid damping of the instability by proton-neutral collisions predicted by linear fluid theory calculations. In contrast we find that Coulomb collisions in fully ionized plasmas do not oppose the growth of the magnetic field, but under certain conditions suppress the pressure anisotropies and actually enhance the magnetic field amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Marret
- Sorbonne Université, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, LERMA, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, LPP, F-75005 Paris, France
- LULI, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Sorbonne Université, CEA, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - A Ciardi
- Sorbonne Université, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, LERMA, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - R Smets
- Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, LPP, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - J Fuchs
- LULI, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Sorbonne Université, CEA, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - L Nicolas
- Sorbonne Université, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, LERMA, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, LPP, F-75005 Paris, France
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22
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Luchinin AG, Malyshev VA, Kopelovich EA, Burdonov KF, Gushchin ME, Morozkin MV, Proyavin MD, Rozental RM, Soloviev AA, Starodubtsev MV, Fokin AP, Fuchs J, Glyavin MY. Pulsed magnetic field generation system for laser-plasma research. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:123506. [PMID: 34972475 DOI: 10.1063/5.0035302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
An up to 15 T pulsed magnetic field generator in a volume of a few cubic centimeters has been developed for experiments with magnetized laser plasma. The magnetic field is created by a pair of coils placed in a sealed reservoir with liquid nitrogen, installed in a vacuum chamber with a laser target. The bearing body provides the mechanical strength of the system both in the case of co-directional and oppositely connected coils. The configuration of the housing allows laser radiation to be introduced into the working area between the coils in a wide range of directions and focusing angles, places targets away from the symmetry axis of the magnetic system, and irradiates several targets simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Luchinin
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS (IAP RAS), Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - V A Malyshev
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS (IAP RAS), Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - E A Kopelovich
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS (IAP RAS), Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - K F Burdonov
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS (IAP RAS), Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - M E Gushchin
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS (IAP RAS), Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - M V Morozkin
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS (IAP RAS), Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - M D Proyavin
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS (IAP RAS), Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - R M Rozental
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS (IAP RAS), Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - A A Soloviev
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS (IAP RAS), Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - M V Starodubtsev
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS (IAP RAS), Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - A P Fokin
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS (IAP RAS), Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - J Fuchs
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS (IAP RAS), Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - M Yu Glyavin
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS (IAP RAS), Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
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23
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Lelasseux V, Söderström PA, Aogaki S, Burdonov K, Cerchez M, Chen SN, Dorard S, Fazzini A, Gugiu M, Pikuz S, Rotaru F, Willi O, Negoita F, Fuchs J. Design and commissioning of a neutron counter adapted to high-intensity laser matter interactions. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:113303. [PMID: 34852516 DOI: 10.1063/5.0057828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The advent of multi-PW laser facilities world-wide opens new opportunities for nuclear physics. With this perspective, we developed a neutron counter taking into account the specifics of a high-intensity laser environment. Using GEANT4 simulations and prototype testings, we report on the design of a modular neutron counter based on boron-10 enriched scintillators and a high-density polyethylene moderator. This detector has been calibrated using a plutonium-beryllium neutron source and commissioned during an actual neutron-producing laser experiment at the LULI2000 facility (France). An overall efficiency of 4.37(59)% has been demonstrated during calibration with a recovery time of a few hundred microseconds after laser-plasma interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Lelasseux
- LULI-CNRS, CEA, UPMC Univ. Paris 06: Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - P-A Söderström
- Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP)/Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Str. Reactorului 30, 077125 Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania
| | - S Aogaki
- Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP)/Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Str. Reactorului 30, 077125 Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania
| | - K Burdonov
- LULI-CNRS, CEA, UPMC Univ. Paris 06: Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - M Cerchez
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf\HHU Institute of Laser and Plasma Physics, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S N Chen
- Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP)/Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Str. Reactorului 30, 077125 Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania
| | - S Dorard
- LULI-CNRS, CEA, UPMC Univ. Paris 06: Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - A Fazzini
- LULI-CNRS, CEA, UPMC Univ. Paris 06: Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - M Gugiu
- Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP)/Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Str. Reactorului 30, 077125 Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania
| | - S Pikuz
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures RAS, 13-2 Izhorskaya St., Moscow 125412, Russia
| | - F Rotaru
- Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP)/Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Str. Reactorului 30, 077125 Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania
| | - O Willi
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf\HHU Institute of Laser and Plasma Physics, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - F Negoita
- Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP)/Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Str. Reactorului 30, 077125 Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania
| | - J Fuchs
- LULI-CNRS, CEA, UPMC Univ. Paris 06: Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
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24
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Stubbs LA, Price M, Noland D, Fuchs J, Filkins L, McElvania E, Luu HS, Sebert M, Waters A, Hsiang MS. Transfusion-Transmitted Malaria: Two Pediatric Cases From the United States and Their Relevance in an Increasingly Globalized World. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2021; 10:1092-1095. [PMID: 34559236 PMCID: PMC8719612 DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piab083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In non-endemic settings, transfusion-transmitted malaria (TTM) is rare but potentially fatal and becoming more common with globalization. We present two pediatric cases that demonstrate donor screening using questionnaires is subject to error and that TTM should be considered with fever following numerous transfusions in children, particularly sickle cell patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh A Stubbs
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael Price
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Residency Program, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel Noland
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jennifer Fuchs
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Pediatrics Division, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Laura Filkins
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Erin McElvania
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Evanston Hospital, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Hung S Luu
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Michael Sebert
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Ami Waters
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Michelle S Hsiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA,Corresponding Author: Michelle S. Hsiang, MD, MSc, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. E-mail:
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25
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Gaisberger M, Fuchs J, Riedl M, Edtinger S, Reischl R, Grasmann G, Hölzl B, Landauer F, Dobias H, Eckstein F, Offenbächer M, Ritter M, Winklmayr M. Endogenous anandamide and self-reported pain are significantly reduced after a 2-week multimodal treatment with and without radon therapy in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a pilot study. Int J Biometeorol 2021; 65:1151-1160. [PMID: 33649972 PMCID: PMC8213596 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-021-02095-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal therapies comprising spa applications are widely used as non-pharmaceutical treatment options for musculoskeletal diseases. The purpose of this randomized, controlled, open pilot study was to elucidate the involvement of the endocannabinoid system in a multimodal therapy approach. Twenty-five elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) received a 2-week spa therapy with or without combination of low-dose radon therapy in the Bad Gastein radon gallery. A 10-point numerical rating scale (pain in motion and at rest), WOMAC questionnaire, and the EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) questionnaire were recorded at baseline, and during treatment period at weeks one and two, and at 3-month and 6-month follow-ups. Plasma levels of the endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA) were determined at baseline and at 2 weeks, and serum levels of several cartilage metabolism markers at all five time-points. A significant and sustained reduction of self-reported knee pain was observed in the study population, but no further significant effect of the additional radon therapy up and above base therapy. This pain reduction was accompanied by a significant reduction of AEA plasma levels during treatment in both groups. No significant differences were seen in serum marker concentrations between the groups treated with or without radon, but a small reduction of serum cartilage degradation markers was observed during treatment in both groups. This is the first study investigating AEA levels in the context of a non-pharmacological OA treatment. Since the endocannabinoid system represents a potential target for the development of new therapeutics, further studies will have to elucidate its involvement in OA pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Gaisberger
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Gastein Research Institute, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - J. Fuchs
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Gastein Research Institute, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - M. Riedl
- Dept. of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - S. Edtinger
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kardinal Schwarzenberg Klinikum, Schwarzach im Pongau, Austria
| | - R. Reischl
- Bioanalytical Research Labs, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - G. Grasmann
- Bioanalytical Research Labs, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - B. Hölzl
- Department of Internal Med., Landesklinik St. Veit im Pongau, SALK, Paracelsus Med. Univ., Salzburg, Austria
| | - F. Landauer
- Dept. of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - H. Dobias
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Gastein Research Institute, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - F. Eckstein
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Imaging and Functional Musculoskeletal Research, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg and Nuremberg, Salzburg, Austria
- Chondrometrics GmbH, Ainring, Germany
| | | | - M. Ritter
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Gastein Research Institute, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - M. Winklmayr
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
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26
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Revet G, Khiar B, Filippov E, Argiroffi C, Béard J, Bonito R, Cerchez M, Chen SN, Gangolf T, Higginson DP, Mignone A, Olmi B, Ouillé M, Ryazantsev SN, Skobelev IY, Safronova MI, Starodubtsev M, Vinci T, Willi O, Pikuz S, Orlando S, Ciardi A, Fuchs J. Laboratory disruption of scaled astrophysical outflows by a misaligned magnetic field. Nat Commun 2021; 12:762. [PMID: 33536408 PMCID: PMC7858631 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-20917-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The shaping of astrophysical outflows into bright, dense, and collimated jets due to magnetic pressure is here investigated using laboratory experiments. Here we look at the impact on jet collimation of a misalignment between the outflow, as it stems from the source, and the magnetic field. For small misalignments, a magnetic nozzle forms and redirects the outflow in a collimated jet. For growing misalignments, this nozzle becomes increasingly asymmetric, disrupting jet formation. Our results thus suggest outflow/magnetic field misalignment to be a plausible key process regulating jet collimation in a variety of objects from our Sun’s outflows to extragalatic jets. Furthermore, they provide a possible interpretation for the observed structuring of astrophysical jets. Jet modulation could be interpreted as the signature of changes over time in the outflow/ambient field angle, and the change in the direction of the jet could be the signature of changes in the direction of the ambient field. Mass outflow is a common process in astrophysical objects. Here the authors investigate in which conditions an astrophysically-scaled laser-produced plasma flow can be collimated and evolves in the presence of a misaligned external magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Revet
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.,LULI, CNRS, CEA, Sorbonne Université, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France.,Centre Laser Intenses et Applications, Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, Talence, France
| | - B Khiar
- Sorbonne Université, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, LERMA, Paris, France.,Flash Center for Computational Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - E Filippov
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.,Joint Institute for High Temperatures RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - C Argiroffi
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Universitá di Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - J Béard
- LNCMI, UPR 3228, CNRS-UGA-UPS-INSA, Toulouse, France
| | - R Bonito
- INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - M Cerchez
- Institut für Laser und Plasmaphysik, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S N Chen
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.,ELI-NP, Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - T Gangolf
- LULI, CNRS, CEA, Sorbonne Université, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France.,Institut für Laser und Plasmaphysik, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - D P Higginson
- LULI, CNRS, CEA, Sorbonne Université, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France.,Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
| | - A Mignone
- Dip. di Fisica, Universiá di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - B Olmi
- INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Firenze, Italy
| | - M Ouillé
- LULI, CNRS, CEA, Sorbonne Université, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - S N Ryazantsev
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures RAS, Moscow, Russia.,National Research Nuclear University 'MEPhI', Moscow, Russia
| | - I Yu Skobelev
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures RAS, Moscow, Russia.,National Research Nuclear University 'MEPhI', Moscow, Russia
| | - M I Safronova
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - M Starodubtsev
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - T Vinci
- LULI, CNRS, CEA, Sorbonne Université, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - O Willi
- Institut für Laser und Plasmaphysik, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S Pikuz
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures RAS, Moscow, Russia.,National Research Nuclear University 'MEPhI', Moscow, Russia
| | - S Orlando
- INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - A Ciardi
- Sorbonne Université, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, LERMA, Paris, France.
| | - J Fuchs
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia. .,LULI, CNRS, CEA, Sorbonne Université, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France.
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27
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Rafie K, Lenman A, Fuchs J, Rajan A, Arnberg N, Carlson LA. The structure of enteric human adenovirus 41-A leading cause of diarrhea in children. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/2/eabe0974. [PMID: 33523995 PMCID: PMC7793593 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe0974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Human adenovirus (HAdV) types F40 and F41 are a prominent cause of diarrhea and diarrhea-associated mortality in young children worldwide. These enteric HAdVs differ notably in tissue tropism and pathogenicity from respiratory and ocular adenoviruses, but the structural basis for this divergence has been unknown. Here, we present the first structure of an enteric HAdV-HAdV-F41-determined by cryo-electron microscopy to a resolution of 3.8 Å. The structure reveals extensive alterations to the virion exterior as compared to nonenteric HAdVs, including a unique arrangement of capsid protein IX. The structure also provides new insights into conserved aspects of HAdV architecture such as a proposed location of core protein V, which links the viral DNA to the capsid, and assembly-induced conformational changes in the penton base protein. Our findings provide the structural basis for adaptation of enteric HAdVs to a fundamentally different tissue tropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Rafie
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - A Lenman
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Section of Virology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Medical School Hannover and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - J Fuchs
- Proteomics Core Facility at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Rajan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Section of Virology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - N Arnberg
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Section of Virology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - L-A Carlson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Baez M, Kuo YT, Dias Y, Souza T, Boudichevskaia A, Fuchs J, Schubert V, Vanzela ALL, Pedrosa-Harand A, Houben A. Analysis of the small chromosomal Prionium serratum (Cyperid) demonstrates the importance of reliable methods to differentiate between mono- and holocentricity. Chromosoma 2020; 129:285-297. [PMID: 33165742 PMCID: PMC7665975 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-020-00745-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
For a long time, the Cyperid clade (Thurniceae-Juncaceae-Cyperaceae) was considered a group of species possessing holocentromeres exclusively. The basal phylogenetic position of Prionium serratum (Thunb.) Drège (Thurniceae) within Cyperids makes this species an important specimen to understand the centromere evolution within this clade. In contrast to the expectation, the chromosomal distribution of the centromere-specific histone H3 (CENH3), alpha-tubulin and different centromere-associated post-translational histone modifications (H3S10ph, H3S28ph and H2AT120ph) demonstrate a monocentromeric organisation of P. serratum chromosomes. Analysis of the high-copy repeat composition resulted in the identification of two centromere-localised satellite repeats. Hence, monocentricity was the ancestral condition for the Juncaceae-Cyperaceae-Thurniaceae Cyperid clade, and holocentricity in this clade has independently arisen at least twice after differentiation of the three families, once in Juncaceae and the other one in Cyperaceae. In this context, methods suitable for the identification of holocentromeres are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Baez
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, 06466, Stadt Seeland, Germany.,Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Y T Kuo
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, 06466, Stadt Seeland, Germany
| | - Y Dias
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, 06466, Stadt Seeland, Germany.,Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - T Souza
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, 06466, Stadt Seeland, Germany.,Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Plant Diversity, Department of General Biology, Center for Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - A Boudichevskaia
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, 06466, Stadt Seeland, Germany.,KWS SAAT SE & Co. KGaA, 37574, Einbeck, Germany
| | - J Fuchs
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, 06466, Stadt Seeland, Germany
| | - V Schubert
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, 06466, Stadt Seeland, Germany
| | - A L L Vanzela
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Plant Diversity, Department of General Biology, Center for Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - A Pedrosa-Harand
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - A Houben
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, 06466, Stadt Seeland, Germany.
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Fuchs J, Rubenstein J, Chase L. Things We DON'T Do for No Reason. Hosp Pediatr 2020; 10:1014-1016. [PMID: 33023922 DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2020-000760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Fuchs
- University of North Carolina Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; and
| | - Jared Rubenstein
- Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Lindsay Chase
- University of North Carolina Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; and
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Abstract
Benign liver tumors in children are far less frequent than their malignant counterparts. Recently, there have been advances of diagnostic procedures and novel treatments with improved classification as a result. While malignant pediatric liver tumors have been comprehensively addressed by multicenter international tumor trials, benign tumors have more usually relied upon individualised workup and treatment. Due to the rarity and heterogeneity of these different entities, large studies are lacking. In this article the authors highlight the spectrum of benign liver tumors with special focus on specific clinical features, pathology, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fuchs
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, Children´s Hospital, University of Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 03, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - S W Warmann
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, Children´s Hospital, University of Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 03, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - C Urla
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, Children´s Hospital, University of Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 03, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - J F Schäfer
- Department of Interventional and Diagnostic Radiology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - A Schmidt
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, Children´s Hospital, University of Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 03, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
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Gaertner B, Busch MA, Scheidt-Nave C, Fuchs J. Corrigendum: Limitations in activities of daily living in old age in Germany and the EU - Results from the European Health Interview Survey (EHIS) 2. J Health Monit 2020; 4:56. [PMID: 35146258 PMCID: PMC8790792 DOI: 10.25646/6806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
[This corrects the article on p. 48-56 in vol. 4.].
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Fuchs J, King M, Devon EP, Guffey D, Keeley M, Rocha MEM. Mitigating "Educational Groundhog Day" - The Role of Learner Handoffs Within Clinical Rotations: A Survey of Pediatric Educational Leaders. Acad Pediatr 2020; 20:113-118. [PMID: 31445968 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2019.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical students decry frequent changes in faculty supervision, leading to the experience of "educational groundhog day." The discontinuity in supervision, cursory relationships, and uncoordinated feedback impede students' skill acquisition and delay entrustment decisions. Whereas patient handoff bundles are common, little is known about similarly structured approaches to learner handoffs (LHs). OBJECTIVE To describe current LH procedures and practices within pediatric clerkships and subinternships and to gauge interest in a future LH bundle. METHODS Nine items included in the 2016 Council on Medical Student Education in Pediatrics annual member survey were analyzed using mixed-methods. RESULTS The response rates were 66% (101 of 152) and 40% (165 of 411) for institutions and individuals, respectively. After limiting data to complete responses to programs with traditional block rotations, 54% of individual respondents (76 of 141) identified as inpatient faculty and about a quarter endorsed providing LHs. Inpatient faculty most commonly supervise medical students for 5 to 7 days. Most endorsed needing 1 to 3 days to determine a student's baseline performance and 5 days or more to make entrustment decisions. Three-quarters of inpatient faculty endorsed interest in LHs, while fewer than 16% of course directors currently provide LH expectations. Four themes emerged: instrument features, stakeholder buy-in, impact, and utility. CONCLUSIONS Typical inpatient faculty service days approximate the time required for making entrustment decisions about clinical students. While most inpatient faculty desire a LH bundle for use within a clinical rotation, few institutions and faculty currently use LHs. LHs could accelerate entrustment decisions by allowing coordinated feedback that might hasten learner clinical-skill development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Fuchs
- Department of Pediatrics (J Fuchs), University of North Carolina and NC Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill, NC.
| | - Marta King
- Department of Pediatrics (M King), Division of General Academic Pediatrics GAP, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo
| | - Erin Pete Devon
- Department of Pediatrics (EP Devon), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Danielle Guffey
- Dan L. Duncan Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (D Guffey), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Meg Keeley
- Department of Pediatrics (M Keeley), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Mary Esther M Rocha
- Department of Pediatrics (MEM Rocha), Baylor College of Medicine, Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Houston, Tex
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Kraus M, Weiler N, Oelke D, Kehrer J, Keim DA, Fuchs J. The Impact of Immersion on Cluster Identification Tasks. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2020; 26:525-535. [PMID: 31536002 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2019.2934395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments in technology encourage the use of head-mounted displays (HMDs) as a medium to explore visualizations in virtual realities (VRs). VR environments (VREs) enable new, more immersive visualization design spaces compared to traditional computer screens. Previous studies in different domains, such as medicine, psychology, and geology, report a positive effect of immersion, e.g., on learning performance or phobia treatment effectiveness. Our work presented in this paper assesses the applicability of those findings to a common task from the information visualization (InfoVis) domain. We conducted a quantitative user study to investigate the impact of immersion on cluster identification tasks in scatterplot visualizations. The main experiment was carried out with 18 participants in a within-subjects setting using four different visualizations, (1) a 2D scatterplot matrix on a screen, (2) a 3D scatterplot on a screen, (3) a 3D scatterplot miniature in a VRE and (4) a fully immersive 3D scatterplot in a VRE. The four visualization design spaces vary in their level of immersion, as shown in a supplementary study. The results of our main study indicate that task performance differs between the investigated visualization design spaces in terms of accuracy, efficiency, memorability, sense of orientation, and user preference. In particular, the 2D visualization on the screen performed worse compared to the 3D visualizations with regard to the measured variables. The study shows that an increased level of immersion can be a substantial benefit in the context of 3D data and cluster detection.
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Khiar B, Revet G, Ciardi A, Burdonov K, Filippov E, Béard J, Cerchez M, Chen SN, Gangolf T, Makarov SS, Ouillé M, Safronova M, Skobelev IY, Soloviev A, Starodubtsev M, Willi O, Pikuz S, Fuchs J. Laser-Produced Magnetic-Rayleigh-Taylor Unstable Plasma Slabs in a 20 T Magnetic Field. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:205001. [PMID: 31809120 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.205001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Magnetized laser-produced plasmas are central to many novel laboratory astrophysics and inertial confinement fusion studies, as well as in industrial applications. Here we provide the first complete description of the three-dimensional dynamics of a laser-driven plasma plume expanding in a 20 T transverse magnetic field. The plasma is collimated by the magnetic field into a slender, rapidly elongating slab, whose plasma-vacuum interface is unstable to the growth of the "classical," fluidlike magnetized Rayleigh-Taylor instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Khiar
- Sorbonne Université, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, LERMA, CNRS UMR 8112, F-75005 Paris, France
- Flash Center for Computational Science, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - G Revet
- LULI - CNRS, CEA, Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris - F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
- Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - A Ciardi
- Sorbonne Université, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, LERMA, CNRS UMR 8112, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - K Burdonov
- Sorbonne Université, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, LERMA, CNRS UMR 8112, F-75005 Paris, France
- LULI - CNRS, CEA, Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris - F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
- Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - E Filippov
- Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures, RAS, 125412 Moscow, Russia
| | - J Béard
- LNCMI, UPR 3228, CNRS-UGA-UPS-INSA, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - M Cerchez
- Institute for Laser and Plasma Physics, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S N Chen
- ELI-NP, "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - T Gangolf
- LULI - CNRS, CEA, Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris - F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
- Institute for Laser and Plasma Physics, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S S Makarov
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures, RAS, 125412 Moscow, Russia
| | - M Ouillé
- LULI - CNRS, CEA, Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris - F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - M Safronova
- LULI - CNRS, CEA, Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris - F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
- Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - I Yu Skobelev
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures, RAS, 125412 Moscow, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI, 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - A Soloviev
- Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - M Starodubtsev
- Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - O Willi
- Institute for Laser and Plasma Physics, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S Pikuz
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures, RAS, 125412 Moscow, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI, 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - J Fuchs
- LULI - CNRS, CEA, Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris - F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
- Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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35
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Fuchs J. venenkleber.koeln – Erfahrungen und Ergebnisse nach 1015 Stammvenenbehandlungen – Die bessere Alternative zur Stripping Operation? Phlebologie 2019. [DOI: 10.1055/a-0986-1202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungEndovenöse Methoden in der Behandlung inkompetenter Venen haben sich in Deutschland etabliert. Obwohl sie eine effektive Alternative zur chirurgischen Therapie darstellen, handelt es sich unverständlicherweise nicht um Eingriffe der ersten Wahl. Ganz im Gegensatz zu internationalen Empfehlungen. Risiken und Nebenwirkungen lassen sich durch die nicht-thermischen Verfahren weiter reduzieren. Ist die Varizen-Verklebung mit Cyanoacrylat eine weitere Verbesserung? Nach 1015 Prozeduren mit dem Venenkleber an inkompetenten Stammvenen werden die eigenen Ergebnisse vorgestellt und diskutiert.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Fuchs
- Praxis für Chirurgie und Gefäßmedizin, Köln
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36
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Strehlow J, Forestier-Colleoni P, McGuffey C, Bailly-Grandvaux M, Daykin TS, McCary E, Peebles J, Revet G, Zhang S, Ditmire T, Donovan M, Dyer G, Fuchs J, Gaul EW, Higginson DP, Kemp GE, Martinez M, McLean HS, Spinks M, Sawada H, Beg FN. The response function of Fujifilm BAS-TR imaging plates to laser-accelerated titanium ions. Rev Sci Instrum 2019; 90:083302. [PMID: 31472598 DOI: 10.1063/1.5109783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Calibrated diagnostics for energetic particle detection allow for the systematic study of charged particle sources. The Fujifilm BAS-TR imaging plate (IP) is a reusable phosphorescent detector for radiation applications such as x-ray and particle beam detection. The BAS-TR IP has been absolutely calibrated to many low-Z (low proton number) ions, and extending these calibrations to the mid-Z regime is beneficial for the study of laser-driven ion sources. The Texas Petawatt Laser was used to generate energetic ions from a 100 nm titanium foil, and charge states Ti10+ through Ti12+, ranging from 6 to 27 MeV, were analyzed for calibration. A plastic detector of CR-39 with evenly placed slots was mounted in front of the IP to count the number of ions that correspond with the IP levels of photo-stimulated luminescence (PSL). A response curve was fitted to the data, yielding a model of the PSL signal vs ion energy. Comparisons to other published response curves are also presented, illustrating the trend of PSL/nucleon decreasing with increasing ion mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Strehlow
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - P Forestier-Colleoni
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - C McGuffey
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - M Bailly-Grandvaux
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - T S Daykin
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - E McCary
- Center for High Energy Density Science, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - J Peebles
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - G Revet
- LULI, Ecole Polytechnique, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - S Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - T Ditmire
- Center for High Energy Density Science, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - M Donovan
- Center for High Energy Density Science, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - G Dyer
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J Fuchs
- LULI, Ecole Polytechnique, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - E W Gaul
- Center for High Energy Density Science, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - D P Higginson
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - G E Kemp
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M Martinez
- Center for High Energy Density Science, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H S McLean
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M Spinks
- Center for High Energy Density Science, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Sawada
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - F N Beg
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
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Yi Y, Shakir N, Reddy R, Fuchs J, McKibben M, Morey A. 102 Moderate Male Stress Incontinence: Discordance Between Patient Symptoms and Physical Findings. J Sex Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.01.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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McKibben M, Shakir N, Fuchs J, Davenport M, Yi Y, Morey A. 092 Age ≤40 Is An Independent Predictor Of Anastomotic Urethroplasty And Successful Repair Of Bulbar Urethral Strictures. J Sex Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.01.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yi Y, Davenport M, Fuchs J, Morey A. 291 Synchronous Urethral Reconstruction During Urologic Prosthetic Surgery. J Sex Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.01.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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40
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Romagnani L, Robinson APL, Clarke RJ, Doria D, Lancia L, Nazarov W, Notley MM, Pipahl A, Quinn K, Ramakrishna B, Wilson PA, Fuchs J, Willi O, Borghesi M. Dynamics of the Electromagnetic Fields Induced by Fast Electron Propagation in Near-Solid-Density Media. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:025001. [PMID: 30720299 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.025001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The propagation of fast electron currents in near solid-density media was investigated via proton probing. Fast currents were generated inside dielectric foams via irradiation with a short (∼0.6 ps) laser pulse focused at relativistic intensities (Iλ^{2}∼4×10^{19} W cm^{-2} μm^{2}). Proton probing provided a spatially and temporally resolved characterization of the evolution of the electromagnetic fields and of the associated net currents directly inside the target. The progressive growth of beam filamentation was temporally resolved and information on the divergence of the fast electron beam was obtained. Hybrid simulations of electron propagation in dense media indicate that resistive effects provide a major contribution to field generation and explain well the topology, magnitude, and temporal growth of the fields observed in the experiment. Estimations of the growth rates for different types of instabilities pinpoints the resistive instability as the most likely dominant mechanism of beam filamentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Romagnani
- LULI-CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - A P L Robinson
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - R J Clarke
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - D Doria
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
- Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), Horia Hulubei Institute for Nuclear Physics (IFIN-HH), Reactorului Str., 30, Magurele 077126, Bucharest, Romania
| | - L Lancia
- LULI-CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - W Nazarov
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - M M Notley
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - A Pipahl
- Institut für Laser-und Plasmaphysik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - K Quinn
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - B Ramakrishna
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad 502285, India
| | - P A Wilson
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Adelaide SA 5095, Australia
- Department of Medical Physics, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia
| | - J Fuchs
- LULI-CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - O Willi
- Institut für Laser-und Plasmaphysik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - M Borghesi
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
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Schummer W, Schummer C, Frober R, Fuchs J, Simon M, Huttemann E. The Influence of the Univent® Endotracheal Tube on Internal Jugular Vein Cannulation. Anaesth Intensive Care 2019; 33:82-6. [PMID: 15957697 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x0503300114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This prospective clinical investigation assessed the effect of placement of a Univent® tube on the anatomy of the internal jugular veins and the success of cannulation of the left internal jugular vein. After obtaining informed consent, 48 adult patients were enrolled. Of these, 42 patients were eligible and were divided into two groups: Univent® tube (group U, n=21) and wire enforced endotracheal tube (group C, n=21). The Univent® tube group were having a left thoracotomy. Using horizontal ultrasound scans just above the thyroid gland, the internal jugular vein was visualized and measured before and after Univent® placement. The number of needle passes necessary to cannulate the left internal jugular vein in the two groups was also compared. Univent® tubes were associated with lateral displacement of the right carotid artery and internal jugular vein on the convex side of the Univent® tube, with compression of the right internal jugular vein by the artery, resulting in a kidney-shaped cross-section of the vein. On the left (concave side of the tube), the neck was indented, the sheath of the left carotid artery was displaced medially, and the left internal jugular vein distorted to an ellipse. There was a significant increase in the lateral diameter and a decrease in the cross-sectional area of the left internal jugular vein (t-test, P<0.05). The first attempt at cannulation of the left internal jugular vein failed significantly more often in the Univent® group (13/21 vs 5/21 in group C, Chi-square 6.22, P=0.025). Cannulation of the internal jugular vein before placement of the Univent® tube, or placement with ultrasound guidance is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Schummer
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Friedrich-Schiller- University, Jena, Germany
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Horn D, Gross M, Dyckhoff G, Fuchs J, Grabe N, Weichert W, Herpel E, Herold‐Mende C, Lichter P, Hoffmann J, Hess J, Freier K. Cortactin expression: Association with disease progression and survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2018; 40:2685-2694. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.25515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Horn
- Department of Oral and Cranio‐Maxillofacial SurgeryUniversity Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Madeleine Gross
- Department of Oral and Cranio‐Maxillofacial SurgeryUniversity Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
- Division of Molecular GeneticsGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany
| | - Gerhard Dyckhoff
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
- Molecular Cell Biology Group, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Jennifer Fuchs
- Department of Oral and Cranio‐Maxillofacial SurgeryUniversity Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Niels Grabe
- Hamamatsu Tissue Imaging and Analysis Center (TIGA)BIOQUANT, University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Wilko Weichert
- Institute of PathologyUniversity Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Esther Herpel
- Institute of PathologyUniversity Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
- Tissue Bank of the National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg Germany
| | - Christel Herold‐Mende
- Molecular Cell Biology Group, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Peter Lichter
- Division of Molecular GeneticsGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany
| | - Jürgen Hoffmann
- Department of Oral and Cranio‐Maxillofacial SurgeryUniversity Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Jochen Hess
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
- Research Group Molecular Mechanisms of Head and Neck TumorsGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany
| | - Kolja Freier
- Department of Oral and Cranio‐Maxillofacial SurgeryUniversity Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
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Fuchs J, Gaertner B, Scheidt-Nave C, Grube M. Presentation of the consensus indicators for public health monitoring for older people in Germany. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky214.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Fuchs
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - M Grube
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
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Fuchs J, Gaertner B, Luedtke D, Koschollek C, Schmich P, Scheidt-Nave C, Goesswald A, Wetzstein M. Methods to include older people into health monitoring. Results of a feasibility study in Germany. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky212.420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Fuchs
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - D Luedtke
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - P Schmich
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
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Chen SN, Atzeni S, Gangolf T, Gauthier M, Higginson DP, Hua R, Kim J, Mangia F, McGuffey C, Marquès JR, Riquier R, Pépin H, Shepherd R, Willi O, Beg FN, Deutsch C, Fuchs J. Experimental evidence for the enhanced and reduced stopping regimes for protons propagating through hot plasmas. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14586. [PMID: 30275488 PMCID: PMC6167377 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32726-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of the dynamics of ion collisional energy loss in a plasma is still not complete, in part due to the difficulty and lack of high-quality experimental measurements. These measurements are crucial to benchmark existing models. Here, we show that such a measurement is possible using high-flux proton beams accelerated by high intensity short pulse lasers, where there is a high number of particles in a picosecond pulse, which is ideal for measurements in quickly expanding plasmas. By reducing the energy bandwidth of the protons using a passive selector, we have made proton stopping measurements in partially ionized Argon and fully ionized Hydrogen plasmas with electron temperatures of hundreds of eV and densities in the range 1020-1021 cm-3. In the first case, we have observed, consistently with previous reports, enhanced stopping of protons when compared to stopping power in non-ionized gas. In the second case, we have observed for the first time the regime of reduced stopping, which is theoretically predicted in such hot and fully ionized plasma. The versatility of these tunable short-pulse laser based ion sources, where the ion type and energy can be changed at will, could open up the possibility for a variety of ion stopping power measurements in plasmas so long as they are well characterized in terms of temperature and density. In turn, these measurements will allow tests of the validity of existing theoretical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Chen
- LULI-CNRS, CEA, École Polytechnique, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Sorbonne Univ., UPMC Univ. Paris 06, F-91128, Palaiseau cedex, France.
- Institute of Applied Physics, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics/Horia Hulubei National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, 077125, Romania.
| | - S Atzeni
- Dipartimento SBAI, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | - T Gangolf
- LULI-CNRS, CEA, École Polytechnique, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Sorbonne Univ., UPMC Univ. Paris 06, F-91128, Palaiseau cedex, France
- ILPP, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M Gauthier
- LULI-CNRS, CEA, École Polytechnique, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Sorbonne Univ., UPMC Univ. Paris 06, F-91128, Palaiseau cedex, France
- High Energy Density Sciences Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - D P Higginson
- LULI-CNRS, CEA, École Polytechnique, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Sorbonne Univ., UPMC Univ. Paris 06, F-91128, Palaiseau cedex, France
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - R Hua
- Center for Energy Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0417, USA
| | - J Kim
- Center for Energy Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0417, USA
| | - F Mangia
- Dipartimento SBAI, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | - C McGuffey
- Center for Energy Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0417, USA
| | - J-R Marquès
- LULI-CNRS, CEA, École Polytechnique, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Sorbonne Univ., UPMC Univ. Paris 06, F-91128, Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - R Riquier
- LULI-CNRS, CEA, École Polytechnique, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Sorbonne Univ., UPMC Univ. Paris 06, F-91128, Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - H Pépin
- INRS-EMT, Varennes, Québec, Canada
| | - R Shepherd
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - O Willi
- ILPP, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - F N Beg
- Center for Energy Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0417, USA
| | - C Deutsch
- LPGP-Univ. Paris-Sud, (UMR-CNRS 8578), Orsay, France
| | - J Fuchs
- LULI-CNRS, CEA, École Polytechnique, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Sorbonne Univ., UPMC Univ. Paris 06, F-91128, Palaiseau cedex, France
- Institute of Applied Physics, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics/Horia Hulubei National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, 077125, Romania
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Probst P, Fuchs J, Schoen M, Knebel P, Hoffmann K. Validation study of espen malnutrition criteria in a liver surgery population. Clin Nutr 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.06.1172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Fuchs J, Adams ST, Byerley J. Current Issues in Intravenous Fluid Use in Hospitalized Children. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2018; 12:284-289. [PMID: 28814256 DOI: 10.2174/1574887112666170816145122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fluid and electrolyte therapy is an important component in the care of the hospitalized child. Previous pediatric guidelines have followed the Holliday-Segar method of calculating and delivering maintenance IV fluids, using hypotonic fluids in maintenance therapy. However, research demonstrates that hypotonic fluids can lead to iatrogenic hyponatremia and that isotonic fluid is a safer alternative. OBJECTIVE To provide the ideal approach to intravenous (IV) fluid use in the hospitalized child and determine the safety and effectiveness of isotonic maintenance fluid therapy. METHOD We searched PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Controlled Clinical Trials Register, and Clinical- Trials.gov for potentially relevant publications from the last five years (2011 to July 2016) with an emphasis on randomized control trials (RCTs) and contemporary evidence-based treatment guidelines. RESULTS For maintenance IV fluids, isotonic solutions decreased risk of hyponatremia and did not increase risk of hypernatremia. Some studies demonstrate increased ADH production or hyponatremia on admission for hospitalized patients. CONCLUSION While there is no ideal composition of maintenance IV fluids for all children, isotonic fluids are safer than hypotonic fluids for use as maintenance in hospitalized children due to the decreased risk of iatrogenic hyponatremia. This article also provides recommendations for other types of fluid management in the inpatient pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Fuchs
- Department of Hospitalist Medicine, Children`s Medical Center Dallas, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 1935 Medical District Drive, Mailstop E3.09, Dallas, TX 75235. United States
| | - Sarah T Adams
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of North Carolina and NC Children`s Hospital, Chapel Hill, NC. United States
| | - Julie Byerley
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of North Carolina and NC Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Grube M, Scheidt-Nave C, Gaertner B, Koschollek C, Wetzstein M, Fuchs J. Indikatorenauswahl für ein Public Health Monitoring 65+. Ergebnisse des Projekts „Improving Health Monitoring in Old Age“ (IMOA). Das Gesundheitswesen 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1667731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Grube
- Robert Koch-Institut, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - C Scheidt-Nave
- Robert Koch-Institut, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - B Gaertner
- Robert Koch-Institut, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - C Koschollek
- Robert Koch-Institut, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - M Wetzstein
- Robert Koch-Institut, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - J Fuchs
- Robert Koch-Institut, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Berlin, Deutschland
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49
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Koschollek C, Gaertner B, Grube M, Lüdtke D, Fuchs J, Wetzstein M, Gößwald A, Scheidt-Nave C. Können Pflegeheimbewohner/innen in Gesundheitssurveys integriert werden? Ergebnisse der Studie „Improving Health Monitoring in Old Age“ des Robert Koch-Instituts. Das Gesundheitswesen 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1667724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Koschollek
- Robert Koch-Institut, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - B Gaertner
- Robert Koch-Institut, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - M Grube
- Robert Koch-Institut, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - D Lüdtke
- Robert Koch-Institut, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - J Fuchs
- Robert Koch-Institut, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - M Wetzstein
- Robert Koch-Institut, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - A Gößwald
- Robert Koch-Institut, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - C Scheidt-Nave
- Robert Koch-Institut, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Berlin, Deutschland
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Gaertner B, Koschollek C, Lüdtke D, Grube M, Schmich P, Gößwald A, Scheidt-Nave C, Fuchs J, Wetzstein M. Effekte eines sequentiellen Mixed-Mode-Designs auf die Erhöhung der Teilnahmerate einer Gesundheitsbefragung 65+ Jähriger: Ergebnisse aus der Studie „Improving Health Monitoring in Old Age (IMOA)“ des Robert Koch-Instituts. Das Gesundheitswesen 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1667732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B Gaertner
- Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland
| | | | - D Lüdtke
- Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - M Grube
- Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - P Schmich
- Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - A Gößwald
- Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland
| | | | - J Fuchs
- Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland
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