1
|
Heo JY, Nam MH, Yoon HH, Kim J, Hwang YJ, Won W, Woo DH, Lee JA, Park HJ, Jo S, Lee MJ, Kim S, Shim JE, Jang DP, Kim KI, Huh SH, Jeong JY, Kowall NW, Lee J, Im H, Park JH, Jang BK, Park KD, Lee HJ, Shin H, Cho IJ, Hwang EM, Kim Y, Kim HY, Oh SJ, Lee SE, Paek SH, Yoon JH, Jin BK, Kweon GR, Shim I, Hwang O, Ryu H, Jeon SR, Lee CJ. Aberrant Tonic Inhibition of Dopaminergic Neuronal Activity Causes Motor Symptoms in Animal Models of Parkinson's Disease. Curr Biol 2020; 30:276-291.e9. [PMID: 31928877 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.11.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Current pharmacological treatments for Parkinson's disease (PD) are focused on symptomatic relief, but not on disease modification, based on the strong belief that PD is caused by irreversible dopaminergic neuronal death. Thus, the concept of the presence of dormant dopaminergic neurons and its possibility as the disease-modifying therapeutic target against PD have not been explored. Here we show that optogenetic activation of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) neurons alleviates parkinsonism in acute PD animal models by recovering tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) from the TH-negative dormant dopaminergic neurons, some of which still express DOPA decarboxylase (DDC). The TH loss depends on reduced dopaminergic neuronal firing under aberrant tonic inhibition, which is attributed to excessive astrocytic GABA. Blocking the astrocytic GABA synthesis recapitulates the therapeutic effect of optogenetic activation. Consistently, SNpc of postmortem PD patients shows a significant population of TH-negative/DDC-positive dormant neurons surrounded by numerous GABA-positive astrocytes. We propose that disinhibiting dormant dopaminergic neurons by blocking excessive astrocytic GABA could be an effective therapeutic strategy against PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Young Heo
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea; Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; Infection Control Convergence Research Center, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Min-Ho Nam
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea; Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Hyung Ho Yoon
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Jeongyeon Kim
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea; Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Korea
| | - Yu Jin Hwang
- Center for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, KIST, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Woojin Won
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea; KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science of Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Dong Ho Woo
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Ji Ae Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Park
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Seonmi Jo
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea; Department of Genetic Resources Research, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, Korea
| | - Min Joung Lee
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; Infection Control Convergence Research Center, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Sunpil Kim
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea; KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science of Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Shim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Dong-Pyo Jang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Kyoung I Kim
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration Control Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Sue H Huh
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration Control Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Jae Y Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration Control Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Neil W Kowall
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02132, USA
| | - Junghee Lee
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02132, USA
| | - Hyeonjoo Im
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea; Center for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, KIST, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Jong Hyun Park
- Convergence Research Center for Dementia, KIST, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Bo Ko Jang
- Convergence Research Center for Dementia, KIST, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Ki Duk Park
- Convergence Research Center for Dementia, KIST, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Hyunjoo J Lee
- Center for BioMicrosystems, Brain Science Institute, KIST, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Hyogeun Shin
- Center for BioMicrosystems, Brain Science Institute, KIST, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Il-Joo Cho
- Center for BioMicrosystems, Brain Science Institute, KIST, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Eun Mi Hwang
- Center for Functional Connectomics, KIST, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - YoungSoo Kim
- Center for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, KIST, Seoul 02792, Korea; Department of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Integrated Science and Engineering Division, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Korea
| | - Hye Yun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Integrated Science and Engineering Division, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Oh
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea; Convergence Research Center for Dementia, KIST, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Seung Eun Lee
- Virus Facility, Research Animal Resource Center, KIST, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Sun Ha Paek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Jong Hyuk Yoon
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Korea
| | - Byung K Jin
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration Control Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Gi Ryang Kweon
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; Infection Control Convergence Research Center, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Insop Shim
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Onyou Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Hoon Ryu
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea; Center for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, KIST, Seoul 02792, Korea; Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02132, USA.
| | - Sang Ryong Jeon
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea.
| | - C Justin Lee
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea; KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science of Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34126, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|