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Abstract
We examined the symptoms network of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD). We recruited 793 heavy game players online and 184 of them were diagnosed with IGD. We measured IGD via the 27-item IGD Scale and analyzed symptoms to examine how they interacted with each other to drive the addictive behaviors. Furthermore, we added motives and psychological well-being variables into the network. We found that the most central symptoms were conflict, withdrawal, and tolerance. Overall, two distinct groups of symptoms were discovered: one group for addictive symptoms and the other for psychological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liu
- Declaration of Communication, Renmin University of China, China
| | - Jeroen Lemmens
- Department of Communication, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Xinyi Hong
- Declaration of Communication, Renmin University of China, China
| | - Biao Li
- Declaration of Communication, Renmin University of China, China.
| | - Junyi Hao
- Department of Communication, Renmin University of China, China.
| | - Yongjie Yue
- Declaration of Communication, Renmin University of China, China.
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Peeters M, Koning I, Lemmens J, van den Eijnden R. Normative, passionate, or problematic? Identification of adolescent gamer subtypes over time. J Behav Addict 2019; 8:574-585. [PMID: 31545097 PMCID: PMC7044612 DOI: 10.1556/2006.8.2019.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS For most youngsters, gaming is a fun and innocent leisure activity. However, some adolescents are prone to develop problematic gaming behavior. It is therefore important to have a comprehensive understanding of psychosocial and game-related characteristics that differentiate highly engaged gamers from problematic gamers. To that end, this study evaluated the stability and consistency of Internet gaming criteria (as suggested by the DSM-5) and psychosocial characteristics in a two-wave longitudinal study including 1928 young adolescents (mean age = 13.3 years, SD = 0.91, 57% boys). METHODS A confirmatory factor analysis revealed good stability of the Internet gaming disorder (IGD) construct over time. Latent class analyses revealed three classes for boys (recreational, engaged, and problematic) and two classes for girls (recreational and engaged). RESULTS Significant differences between classes emerged for problem criteria (conflict and problems in social life), gaming duration, impulsivity, social competence, and attention/hyperactivity. The absence of a problematic gaming class for girls suggests that girls are less likely to develop problematic gaming behavior. DISCUSSION The IGD criteria as proposed by the DSM-5 are a helpful tool to identify problematic gamers, although the results of this study suggest that using a strict cut-off point might result in false positives, particularly for boys. Problem criteria appeared to be the most sensitive and specific in identifying the problematic gamer, whereas escapism criteria were the least specific and sensitive. Careful consideration of the current proposed criteria to identify problematic gaming behavior could benefit the research and clinical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot Peeters
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, Youth Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ina Koning
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, Youth Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Lemmens
- Amsterdam School of Communication Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Regina van den Eijnden
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, Youth Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Petry NM, Zajac K, Ginley M, Lemmens J, Rumpf HJ, Ko CH, Rehbein F. Policy and prevention efforts for gaming should consider a broad perspective. J Behav Addict 2018; 7:543-547. [PMID: 30111170 PMCID: PMC6426389 DOI: 10.1556/2006.7.2018.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Internet gaming disorder is gaining attention around the world. Some efforts have been directed toward preventing gaming problems from developing or persisting, but few approaches have been empirically evaluated. No known effective prevention intervention exists. Reviewing the broader field of prevention research should help research and best practices move forward in abating problems that arise from excessive gaming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy M. Petry
- Calhoun Cardiology Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Kristyn Zajac
- Calhoun Cardiology Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Meredith Ginley
- Calhoun Cardiology Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Jeroen Lemmens
- Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans-Jürgen Rumpf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lubeck, Germany
| | - Chih-Hung Ko
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Florian Rehbein
- Criminological Research Institute of Lower Saxony, Hannover, Germany
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Criel M, Declau F, Schuermans C, Ver Elst K, Vermeiren S, Weekx S, Lemmens J. Prekallikrein deficiency in a 15-year-old boy with Ménière's disease: a case report. Acta Clin Belg 2017; 72:274-277. [PMID: 27615147 DOI: 10.1080/17843286.2016.1227907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Congenital prekallikrein deficiency is a rare disorder in which there is an in vitro clotting defect despite absence of bleeding or thrombotic tendency. In this report, a 15-year-old boy with an unexpected markedly prolonged activated partial thrombin time, a normal prothrombin time, and without personal nor familial history of bleeding or thrombosis is presented. Laboratory investigation revealed a severe prekallikrein deficiency. This case highlights the importance of following a diagnostic algorithm to establish the correct diagnosis. Moreover, by selecting appropriate laboratory tests, unnecessary and repeatedly testing can be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Criel
- Department of Laboratory Hematology, GZA Sint-Augustinus, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - F. Declau
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, GZA Hospitals, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - C. Schuermans
- Department of Hematology, GZA Hospitals, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - K. Ver Elst
- Department of Laboratory Hematology, GZA Sint-Augustinus, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - S. Vermeiren
- Department of Laboratory Hematology, GZA Sint-Augustinus, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - S. Weekx
- Department of Laboratory Hematology, GZA Sint-Augustinus, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - J. Lemmens
- Department of Hematology, GZA Hospitals, Antwerp, Belgium
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Devos T, Zachée P, Bron D, Noens L, Droogenbroeck JV, Mineur P, Beguin Y, Berneman Z, Benghiat FS, Kentos A, Chatelain C, Demuynck H, Lemmens J, Eygen KV, Theunissen K, Trullemans F, Pierre P, Pluymers W, Knoops L. Myelofibrosis patients in Belgium: disease characteristics. Acta Clin Belg 2015; 70:105-11. [PMID: 25380026 DOI: 10.1179/2295333714y.0000000097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To date, only a small number of epidemiological studies on myelofibrosis have been performed. The current study aimed to characterize the myelofibrosis patient population in Belgium according to pre-defined disease parameters (diagnosis, risk categories, hemoglobin <10 g/dl, spleen size, constitutional symptoms, platelet count, myeloblast count), with a view to obtaining a deeper understanding of the proportion of patients that may benefit from the novel myelofibrosis therapeutic strategies. METHODS A survey was used to collect data on prevalence and disease parameters on all myelofibrosis patients seen at each of 18 participating hematologic centers in 2011. Aggregated data from all centers were used for analysis. Analyses were descriptive and quantitative. RESULTS A total of 250 patients with myelofibrosis were captured; of these, 136 (54%) were male and 153 (61%) were over 65 years old. One hundred sixty-five (66%) of myelofibrosis patients had primary myelofibrosis and 85 (34%) had secondary myelofibrosis. One hundred ninety-three myelofibrosis patients (77%) had a palpable spleen. About a third of patients (34%) suffered from constitutional symptoms. Two hundred twenty-two (89%) myelofibrosis patients had platelet count ≧50 000/μl and 201 (80%) had platelet count ≧100 000/μl. Of 250 patients, 85 (34%) had a myeloblast count ≧1%. Six (2%) patients had undergone a splenectomy. Thirteen (5·2%) patients had undergone radiotherapy for splenomegaly. CONCLUSIONS The results of this survey provide insight into the characteristics of the Belgian myelofibrosis population. They also suggest that a large proportion of these patients could stand to benefit from the therapies currently under development.
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Meers S, Kasran A, Boon L, Lemmens J, Ravoet C, Boogaerts M, Verhoef G, Verfaillie C, Delforge M. Monocytes are activated in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and can contribute to bone marrow failure through CD40–CD40L interactions with T helper cells. Leukemia 2007; 21:2411-9. [PMID: 17805323 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Immune mechanisms have been shown to contribute to the process of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)-related bone marrow (BM) failure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible contribution of activated monocytes through CD40-CD40L(CD154) interactions with activated T helper cells. We demonstrated in 77 predominantly lower risk MDS patients that the CD40 receptor was expressed significantly higher on monocytes and that CD40L was expressed significantly higher on T helper cells in peripheral blood (PB) and BM. Increased levels of CD40 and CD40L were detected in the same patients. In addition, stimulation of the CD40 receptor on purified PB monocytes led to a significantly higher tumor necrosis factor alpha production in patients. Co-culture of BM mononuclear cells of 21 patients in the presence of a blocking CD40 monoclonal antibody (ch5D12) led to a significant increase in the number of colony-forming units. A correlation was seen between increased CD40 expression on monocytes with patients' age below 60 years and with the cytogenetic abnormality trisomy 8. These results demonstrate that CD40 expression on monocytes may identify a subgroup of MDS patients in whom immune-mediated hematopoietic failure is part of the disease process. As such, the CD40-CD40L-based activation of monocytes might be a target to counteract MDS-related BM failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Meers
- Department of Hematology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Dirix LY, Salgado R, Weytjens R, Colpaert C, Benoy I, Huget P, van Dam P, Prové A, Lemmens J, Vermeulen P. Plasma fibrin D-dimer levels correlate with tumour volume, progression rate and survival in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2002; 86:389-95. [PMID: 11875705 PMCID: PMC2375200 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2001] [Revised: 11/05/2001] [Accepted: 11/14/2001] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma levels of D-dimer are elevated in cancer patients. Activation of the extrinsic coagulation system and the fibrinolytic cascade within a tumour is thought to be related with growth, invasion and metastasis. We have investigated the relationship between these markers of fibrin metabolism, standard clinicopathological variables and serum levels of angiogenic cytokines in three cohorts: group A (n=30) consisted of 30 healthy female volunteers, group B (n=23) of consecutive patients with operable breast cancer and group C (n=84) of patients with untreated or progressive metastatic breast cancer. Plasma D-dimers, fibrinogen, IL-6, vascular endothelial growth factor and calculated vascular endothelial growth factor load in platelets are clearly increased in patients with breast cancer. D-dimers were increased in nearly 89% of patients with progressive metastatic disease. The level of D-dimers was positively correlated with tumour load (P<0.0001), number of metastatic sites (P=0.002), progression kinetics (P<0.0001) and the cytokines related to angiogenesis: serum vascular endothelial growth factor (P=0.0016, Spearman correlation=0.285), calculated vascular endothelial growth factor load in platelets (P<0.0001, Spearman correlation=0.37) and serum interleukin-6 (P<0.0001, Spearman correlation=0.59). Similarly increased D-dimer levels were positively correlated with increased fibrinogen levels (P<0.0001, Spearman correlation=0.38). The association between markers of fibrin degradation in patients with progressive breast cancer suggests that the D-dimer level is a clinically important marker for progression and points towards a relation between haemostasis and tumour progression. A role of interleukin-6, by influencing both angiogenesis and haemostasis, is suggested by these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Y Dirix
- Oncology Center, AZ St-Augustinus Oosterveldlaan 24, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
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Lenaerts E, Meyen M, Maes T, Maes H, El Mousati A, Lemmens J, Dirix L, Huget P. Scalp cooling in the prevention of anthracycline-induced alopecia. Eur J Cancer 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(01)81833-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Vermeulen PB, Dirix LY, Martin M, Lemmens J, Van Oosterom AT. Serum basic fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor in metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with interferon alfa-2b. J Natl Cancer Inst 1997; 89:1316-7. [PMID: 9293925 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/89.17.1316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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Paridaens R, Lemmens J, Devadder N, Van Limbergen E, Van den Bogaert W, Thomas J, Wildiers J, Christiaens M. 48 Influence of concomitant radiotherapy on dose intensity of adjuvant CMF in patients with node-positive breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0959-8049(95)95300-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Gresele P, Deckmyn H, Arnout J, Lemmens J, Janssens W, Vermylen J. BM 13.177, a selective blocker of platelet and vessel wall thromboxane receptors, is active in man. Lancet 1984; 1:991-4. [PMID: 6143969 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(84)92328-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BM 13.177, a sulphonamide derivative, prevented platelet aggregation by thromboxane A2 in vitro and selectively inhibited contraction of isolated rabbit femoral arteries induced by two stable endoperoxide analogues. In a double-blind placebo-controlled study, oral BM 13.177 inhibited platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid, low dose collagen, and the two stable endoperoxide analogues, and slightly prolonged the bleeding time. Generation of thromboxane or of other prostaglandins was not affected. No side-effects were seen. BM 13.177 appears selectively and safely to block platelet and vessel wall thromboxane receptors and should be useful in elucidating the role of thromboxane A2 in disease.
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