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Shan G, Lu X, Li Z, Caldwell JZ, Bernick C, Cummings J. ADSS: A Composite Score to Detect Disease Progression in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2024; 8:307-316. [PMID: 38405343 PMCID: PMC10894615 DOI: 10.3233/adr-230043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Composite scores have been increasingly used in trials for Alzheimer's disease (AD) to detect disease progression, such as the AD Composite Score (ADCOMS) in the lecanemab trial. Objective To develop a new composite score to improve the prediction of outcome change. Methods We proposed to develop a new composite score based on the statistical model in the ADCOMS, by removing duplicated sub-scales and adding the model selection in the partial least squares (PLS) regression. Results The new AD composite Score with variable Selection (ADSS) includes 7 cognitive sub-scales. ADSS can increase the sensitivity to detect disease progression as compared to the existing total scores, which leads to smaller sample sizes using the ADSS in trial designs. Conclusions ADSS can be utilized in AD trials to improve the success rate of drug development with a high sensitivity to detect disease progression in early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guogen Shan
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Xinlin Lu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Zhigang Li
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Charles Bernick
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Jeffrey Cummings
- Department of Brain Health, School of Integrated Health Sciences, Chambers-Grundy Center for Transformative Neuroscience, University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV) Las Vegas, NV, USA
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Caldwell JZ, Isenberg N. The aging brain: risk factors and interventions for long term brain health in women. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2023; 35:169-175. [PMID: 36912325 PMCID: PMC10023345 DOI: 10.1097/gco.0000000000000849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Poor cognitive aging and dementia pose a significant public health burden, and women face unique risks compared to men. Recent research highlights the role of genetics, menopause, chronic disease, and lifestyle in risk and resilience in women's cognitive aging. This work suggests avenues for clinical action at midlife that may change the course of brain health in aging. RECENT FINDINGS Studies indicate women's risk for poor cognitive aging relates in part to hormone changes at menopause, a time when memory, brain structure and function, and Alzheimer's pathology may be observed in women and not men. Medical and lifestyle risks including diabetes, hypertension, and low physical activity also contribute to women's unique risks. At the same time, literature on resilience suggests women may benefit from lifestyle and chronic disease intervention, possibly more than men. Current studies emphasize the importance of interacting genetic and lifestyle risks, and effects of social determinants of health. SUMMARY Women have greater risk than men for poor cognitive aging; however, by treating the whole person, including genetics, lifestyle, and social environment, clinicians have an opportunity to support healthy cognitive aging in women and reduce the future public health burden of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Z.K. Caldwell
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, 888 W. Bonneville Ave., Las Vegas, NV 89106
| | - Nancy Isenberg
- Providence Swedish Center for Healthy Aging, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, 1600 E. Jefferson St. A Level, Seattle, WA 98122
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Longhurst JK, Cummings JL, John SE, Poston B, Rider JV, Salazar AM, Mishra VR, Ritter A, Caldwell JZ, Miller JB, Kinney JW, Landers MR. Dual Task Performance Is Associated with Amyloidosis in Cognitively Healthy Adults. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2022; 9:297-305. [PMID: 35543003 PMCID: PMC9286710 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2022.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) provides an opportunity for the study and implementation of interventions and strategies aimed at delaying, mitigating, and preventing AD. While this preclinical state is an ideal target, it is difficult to identify efficiently and cost-effectively. Recent findings have suggested that cognitive-motor dual task paradigms may provide additional inference. OBJECTIVES Investigate the relationship between dual task performance and amyloidosis, suggestive of preclinical Alzheimer's disease and whether dual task performance provides additional information beyond a cognitive composite, to help in the identification of amyloidosis. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Outpatient specialty brain health clinical research institution in the United States. PARTICIPANTS 52 cognitively healthy adults. MEASUREMENTS The data included demographics, amyloid standardized uptake value ratio obtained via florbetapir-PET, neuropsychological testing, apolipoprotien E genotype, and dual task performance measures. Data were analyzed via hierarchal multiple linear regression or logistic regression, controlling for age, education, and apolipoprotien E genotype. Receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted, and sensitivity and specificity calculated via 2x2 contingency tables. RESULTS There was a moderate relationship (rs>.30) between motor and cognitive dual task effects and amyloid standardized uptake value ratio (ps<.042). A strong relationship (r=.58) was found between combined dual task effect, a measure of automaticity derived from dual task performance, and amyloid standardized uptake value ratio (p<.001). Additionally, combined dual task effect showed promise in its unique contributions to amyloid standardized uptake value ratio, accounting for 7.8% of amyloid standardized uptake value ratio variance beyond cognitive composite scores (p=.018). Additionally, when incorporated into the cognitive composite, combined dual task effect resulted in improved diagnostic accuracy for determining elevated amyloid standardized uptake value ratio, and increased the sensitivity and specificity of the cognitive composite. CONCLUSSION Dual task performance using the combined dual task effect, a measure of automaticity, was a moderate predictor of cerebral amyloidosis, which suggests that it has utility in the screening and diagnosis of individuals for preclinical AD. Additionally, when combined with the cognitive composite, the combined dual task effect improves diagnostic accuracy. Further research is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Longhurst
- Jason K. Longhurst, PT, DPT, PHD, Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA, 63104, , tel: 314-977-8533, fax: 314-977-8513
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Mishra VR, Ritter A, Caldwell JZ. Advanced diffusion‐MRI models reveals sex‐specific differences in white matter organization in patients with mild cognitive impairment. Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.055609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aaron Ritter
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health Las Vegas NV USA
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Banks SJ, Andrews MJ, Digma L, Madsen J, Reas ET, Caldwell JZ, McEvoy LK, Fan CC, Dale AM, Brewer JB. Sex differences in Alzheimer's disease: do differences in tau explain the verbal memory gap? Neurobiol Aging 2021; 107:70-77. [PMID: 34399127 PMCID: PMC8963683 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
To determine if sex differences in verbal memory in AD are related to differences in extent or distribution of pathological tau, we studied 275 participants who were amyloid PET positive and carried clinical classifications of normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia, and had tau (AV1451) PET. We compared tau distribution between men and women, and as a function of genetic risk. In MCI we further explored the relationship between quantity and distribution of tau in relation to verbal memory scores. Women had more tau burden overall, but this was driven by sex differences at the MCI stage. There was no significant difference in tau load by APOE e4 status. Within the MCI group the association between tau and performance in verbal memory tasks was stronger in women than men. The topography of the associations between tau and verbal memory also differed in MCI; women demonstrated stronger relationships between tau distribution and verbal memory performance, especially in the left hemisphere. These findings have implications for understanding tau distribution and spread, and in interpretation of verbal memory performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. Banks
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA,Corresponding author at: Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, Office Address: ACTRI 4W-501, Mailing Address: 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla CA 92093 M/C 0841, USA. Phone: (858) 246-1264. (S.J. Banks)
| | - Murray J. Andrews
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Leonardino Digma
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - John Madsen
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emilie T. Reas
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Linda K. McEvoy
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Chun Chieh Fan
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anders M. Dale
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,Center for Molecular Imaging and Genetics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - James B. Brewer
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Caldwell JZ, Kinney JW, Ritter A, Salazar A, Wong CG, Cordes D, Slavich GM. Inflammatory cytokine levels implicated in Alzheimer's disease moderate the effects of sex on verbal memory performance. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 95:27-35. [PMID: 33301871 PMCID: PMC8793982 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite having an initial verbal memory advantage over men, women have greater rates of Alzheimer's disease and more rapid cognitive decline once diagnosed. Moreover, although Alzheimer's disease is influenced by inflammation, which itself has known sex differences, no study has investigated whether sex differences in memory are moderated by peripheral inflammatory activity. To address this issue, we analyzed data from 109 individuals (50 women, Mage = 71.62, range = 55-87) diagnosed as cognitively normal, or having mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease dementia. We then followed the sample for 12 months, as part of a longitudinal study of aging and Alzheimer's disease. At baseline, we assessed levels of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in plasma. At baseline and 12 months, we assessed verbal memory using the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test and nonverbal memory using the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised. As hypothesized, for the full sample, women exhibited stronger verbal (but not nonverbal) memory than men. In women, but not men, higher IL-1β at baseline related to poorer verbal learning across both time points and delayed recall at 12 months. The effect of sex on memory also differed by IL-1β level, with women exhibiting a memory advantage both at baseline and 12 months, but only for those with low-to-moderate IL-1β levels. Therefore, high peripheral inflammation levels may lead to a sex-specific memory vulnerability relevant for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Z.K. Caldwell
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA,Corresponding author. (J.Z.K. Caldwell)
| | | | - Aaron Ritter
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Arnold Salazar
- Department of Brain Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Christina G. Wong
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Dietmar Cordes
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - George M. Slavich
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Cieri F, Yang Z, Cordes D, Caldwell JZ. Sex Differences of Brain Functional Topography Revealed in Normal Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Cohort. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 80:979-984. [PMID: 33612547 PMCID: PMC8793667 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We applied graph theory analysis on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data to evaluate sex differences of brain functional topography in normal controls (NCs), early mild cognitive impairment (eMCI), and AD patients. These metrics were correlated with RAVLT verbal learning and memory scores. The results show NCs have better functional connectivity (FC) metrics than eMCI and AD, and NC women show worse FC metrics compared to men, despite performing better on the RAVLT. FC differences between men and women diminished in eMCI and disappeared in AD. Within women, better FC metrics relate to better RAVLT learning in NCs and eMCI groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Cieri
- Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Zhengshi Yang
- Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Dietmar Cordes
- Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Jessica Z.K. Caldwell
- Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA
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Wong CG, Caldwell JZ, Miller JB. The association between memory and hippocampal volumes differs in young‐old versus very old patients. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.041292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Justin B. Miller
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health Las Vegas NV USA
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Maietta JE, Caldwell JZ, Hawley N, Cummings JL, Miller JB. Cognitive characteristics of older adults with history of concussion. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.041309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia E. Maietta
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health Las Vegas NV USA
| | | | - Nanako Hawley
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health Las Vegas NV USA
| | | | - Justin B. Miller
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health Las Vegas NV USA
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Ritter A, Kaylegian J, Calvin K, Ivey B, Cummings JL, Shan G, Caldwell JZ. Discrepancies in the detection of early impairment in elderly individuals: Implications for the clinic and research. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.040485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Ritter
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health Las Vegas NV USA
| | - Jaeson Kaylegian
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health Las Vegas NV USA
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Jeffers SL, Caldwell JZ, Miller J, Cummings JL, Bondi MW, Wong CG. Diagnostic rates and amyloid positivity vary by definition of mild cognitive impairment. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.046560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Justin Miller
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health Las Vegas NV USA
| | | | - Mark W. Bondi
- Research and Psychology Services, VA San Diego Healthcare System (VASDHS) San Diego CA USA
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Shan G, Bayram E, Caldwell JZ, Miller JB, Shen JJ, Gerstenberger S. Partial correlation coefficient for a study with repeated measurements. Stat Biopharm Res 2020; 13:448-454. [PMID: 35003527 PMCID: PMC8735669 DOI: 10.1080/19466315.2020.1784780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Repeated data are increasingly collected in studies to investigate the trajectory of change in measurements over time. Determining a link between one repeated measurement with another that is considered as the biomarker for disease progression, may provide a new target for drug development. When a third variable is associated with one of the two measurements, partial correlation after eliminating the effect of that variable is able to provide reliable estimate for association as compared to the existing raw correlation for repeated data. We propose using linear regression models to compute residuals by modeling a relationship between each measurement and a third variable. The computed residuals are then used in a linear mixed model (implemented by SAS Proc Mixed) to compute partial correlation for repeated data. Alternatively, the partial correlation may be computed as the average of partial correlations at each visit. We provide two real examples to illustrate the application of the proposed partial correlation, and conduct extensive numerical studies to compare the proposed partial correlation coefficients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guogen Shan
- School of Public Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154
| | - Ece Bayram
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, 888 W. Bonneville Avenue, Las Vegas, NV 89106
| | - Jessica Z.K. Caldwell
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, 888 W. Bonneville Avenue, Las Vegas, NV 89106
| | - Justin B. Miller
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, 888 W. Bonneville Avenue, Las Vegas, NV 89106
| | - Jay J. Shen
- School of Public Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154
| | - Shawn Gerstenberger
- School of Public Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154
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Bayram E, Kaplan N, Shan G, Caldwell JZ. The longitudinal associations between cognition, mood and striatal dopaminergic binding in Parkinson's Disease. Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn 2020; 27:581-594. [PMID: 31411534 PMCID: PMC8763139 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2019.1653445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive decline and mood symptoms are common in Parkinson's disease (PD). Reductions in striatal dopaminergic binding have been associated with worse cognition and mood. We investigated whether this association persists throughout the disease progression in newly diagnosed PD. Four-year data from Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) were used. Groups consisted of left and right limb dominantly affected PD patients, and controls. Longitudinal relationships between cognition, mood and striatal binding ratios were assessed by repeated measures correlations. Reduced binding was associated with general cognitive decline in controls, reduced processing speed and increased mood symptoms in PD. Anxiety was associated with striatum only in left limb dominantly affected PD. Dominantly affected limb side did not impact striatum and cognition association. There are longitudinal associations between striatum, processing speed and anxiety. Dopamine transporter availability imaging may have some prognostic value for cognition and mood in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Bayram
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, 9452 Medical Center Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Nikki Kaplan
- Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Cleveland Clinic, 888 W Bonneville Ave Las Vegas NV 89106, USA
| | - Guogen Shan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas NV 89154, USA
| | - Jessica Z.K. Caldwell
- Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Cleveland Clinic, 888 W Bonneville Ave Las Vegas NV 89106, USA
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Caldwell JZ, Pai A, Sørensen L, Kaylegian J, Cummings JL, Banks SJ. P2‐426: HIPPOCAMPAL TEXTURE IN HEALTHY COGNITION AND MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT: THE IMPACT OF AMYLOID BURDEN AND SEX. Alzheimers Dement 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.1118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Akshay Pai
- Biomediq A/SCophenhagenDenmark
- Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenCophenhagenDenmark
| | - Lauge Sørensen
- Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
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Mathur S, Chao L, Goust JM, Milroy GT, Woodley-Miller C, Caldwell JZ, Daru J, Williamson HO. Special antigens on sperm from autoimmune infertile men. Am J Reprod Immunol Microbiol 1988; 17:5-13. [PMID: 3189647 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.1988.tb00194.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Sera from three fertile men and four infertile men without sperm antibodies, 17 infertile men with sperm antibodies in serum and seminal plasma (S.P.), and 25 infertile men with sperm antibodies in S.P. were tested by Western Blot analysis against sperm membrane extracts and S.P. from fertile nonautoimmune men and infertile autoimmune men. Sera from fertile men reacted against common antigens with molecular weights (MW) of 28, 38, 48, 60, and 68 kD present on sperm from autoimmune and nonautoimmune men and special antigen of MW 76 kD on the sperm of fertile men. Sera from 15 of 17 (88%) autoimmune infertile men with sperm antibodies in serum and S.P. detected special antigens with MW of 58 kD (sera reactivity in 47% of these men), 43kD (in 29%), 30 kD (in 24%), 35 kD (in 18%), 52 kD (in 12%), 41 kD (in 6%), and 71 kD (in 6%) on the sperm of autoimmune men in addition to the common antigens. Sera from 15 of 25 (60%) men with sperm antibodies in their S.P. showed reactivity to special antigens with MW 52 kD (in 20%), 35 kD (in 16%), 41 kD (in 16%), 58 kD (in 8%), 70/71 kD (in 8%), 30 kD (in 8%), and 56 kD (in 4%). Sera from 18 of 42 (43%) infertile men with sperm antibodies also detected special antigens of MW 26, 46, and 76 kD present only in fertile men's sperm. Sera from only 15 of 42 (36%) autoimmune infertile men reacted against special antigens with MW 17, 20, 23, 30, 43, and 58 kD in the seminal plasma of autoimmune infertile men.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mathur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425
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