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Shan G, Lu X, Li Z, Caldwell JZ, Bernick C, Cummings J. ADSS: A Composite Score to Detect Disease Progression in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2024; 8:307-316. [PMID: 38405343 PMCID: PMC10894615 DOI: 10.3233/adr-230043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Composite scores have been increasingly used in trials for Alzheimer's disease (AD) to detect disease progression, such as the AD Composite Score (ADCOMS) in the lecanemab trial. Objective To develop a new composite score to improve the prediction of outcome change. Methods We proposed to develop a new composite score based on the statistical model in the ADCOMS, by removing duplicated sub-scales and adding the model selection in the partial least squares (PLS) regression. Results The new AD composite Score with variable Selection (ADSS) includes 7 cognitive sub-scales. ADSS can increase the sensitivity to detect disease progression as compared to the existing total scores, which leads to smaller sample sizes using the ADSS in trial designs. Conclusions ADSS can be utilized in AD trials to improve the success rate of drug development with a high sensitivity to detect disease progression in early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guogen Shan
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Xinlin Lu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Zhigang Li
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Charles Bernick
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Jeffrey Cummings
- Department of Brain Health, School of Integrated Health Sciences, Chambers-Grundy Center for Transformative Neuroscience, University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV) Las Vegas, NV, USA
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2
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Sung MH, Billings WZ, Carlock MA, Hanley HB, Bahl J, Handel A, Ross TM, Shen Y. Assessment of Humoral Immune Responses to Repeated Influenza Vaccination in a Multiyear Cohort: A 5-Year Follow-up. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:322-326. [PMID: 37624957 PMCID: PMC10873184 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The long-term effects of host factors on vaccine-elicited immune responses have not been well studied, and the interactions of host factors with annual influenza vaccinations are yet to be explored. We analyzed data from a cohort of 386 individuals who received the standard-dose influenza vaccine and enrolled in ≥2 seasons from 2016 to 2020. Our analyses indicated disparate vaccine-elicited immune responses between males and females in adults when they were repeatedly vaccinated for at least 2 seasons. Notably, we found interactive effects between age and body mass index (BMI) on overall immune responses, and between sex at birth and BMI in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hsuan Sung
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
| | - W Zane Billings
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
| | - Michael A Carlock
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port Saint Lucie, Florida, United States
- Department of Infection Biology, Lehner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Hannah B Hanley
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
| | - Justin Bahl
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
- Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
| | - Andreas Handel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
- Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
| | - Ted M Ross
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port Saint Lucie, Florida, United States
- Department of Infection Biology, Lehner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Ye Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
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3
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Bikic A, Dalsgaard S, Pittman B, Leckman JF, Wexler B. Cognitive training for children with ADHD: composite cognitive score outcome in a randomized controlled trial. Nord J Psychiatry 2024; 78:87-91. [PMID: 37905332 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2023.2270954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE ARTICLE Cognitive training for Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has shown promising, although mixed results. In post-hoc analyses, we evaluate effects of cognitive training using a novel composite cognition score as the outcome for children attending at least 16 sessions of training, dose-response of training and associations between symptoms and cognitive functioning. MATERIALS AND METHODS Children (age 6-13) with ADHD were randomized to intervention (n = 26) or control (n = 34). For the current analysis, we restricted the intervention group to children, who completed at least 16 sessions of cognitive training (n = 26) and examined a dose response within that group. RESULTS Cognition improved significantly in the intervention, but not control group. Amount of the completed training sessions correlated significantly with the amount of cognitive improvement. CONCLUSION Variations in dose and frequency of training may be an important source of the variance in previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Bikic
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Services Southern Jutland, Aabenraa, Denmark
| | - Søren Dalsgaard
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Center for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Mental Health Services of the Capital Region, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Brian Pittman
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Bruce Wexler
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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4
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Kovács N, Aschermann Z, Harmat M, Rohonczi M, Janszky J, Pintér D. Comment on "Summing MDS-UPDRS Parts 1 + 2 (Nonmotor and Motor Experience of Daily Living): The Patient's Voice". Mov Disord 2023; 38:1563-1564. [PMID: 37565399 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Kovács
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Eötvös Loránd Research Network-University of Pécs (ELKH-PTE) Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, Pécs, Hungary
| | | | - Márk Harmat
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Mirtill Rohonczi
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - József Janszky
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Eötvös Loránd Research Network-University of Pécs (ELKH-PTE) Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dávid Pintér
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Eötvös Loránd Research Network-University of Pécs (ELKH-PTE) Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, Pécs, Hungary
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5
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Nassar HM, Tekian A, Linjawi AI, Park YS. Comparative evaluation of weighted mean and composite score for combining assessments. J Dent Educ 2023. [PMID: 36999998 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Approaches for combining scores have been based on weighted mean (WM) without consideration for psychometric characteristics of each individual assessments. This study evaluates consequences of WM and composite score (CS) approach. METHODS Data from two longitudinal cohorts (n = 219) were utilized for performance in three Operative Dentistry courses as basis to compare the two score-combining methods. Four assessments (two written and two practical exams) from each course were combined using WM and CS approaches. WM scores were calculated by multiplying the score by its weight and summing across assessments. The CS approach follow a modification of the Kane and Case method, by standardizing scores, taking into account the reliability and associations between each assessment score. t-Tests and Pearson's correlation were used to evaluate the consequences of the WM and CS approaches. In addition, changes in each student's rank across WM and CS were determined. RESULTS Combining scores using CS method produced lower scores and higher percentage failure in all courses compared to WM. Students ranks were changed significantly when CS was used with only 15% of the cohorts retained their ranks. CONCLUSIONS CS produced a composite that is correlated with WM but still being substantively different providing meaningful and psychometrically rigorous information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani M Nassar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ara Tekian
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Amal I Linjawi
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yoon Soo Park
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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O'Donnell A, Buffini M, Kehoe L, Nugent A, Kearney J, Walton J, Flynn A, McNulty B. Application of a composite scoring protocol to identify factors that contribute to the risk of overweight and obesity in Irish children. Pediatr Obes 2022; 17:e12922. [PMID: 35604281 PMCID: PMC9541128 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Investigations into the main drivers of childhood obesity are vital to implement effective interventions to halt the global rise in levels. The use of a composite score may help to identify children most at risk of overweight/obesity. OBJECTIVES To investigate the cumulative impact of factors associated with overweight/obesity risk in children. METHODS Data were analysed from the Irish National Children's Food Survey II which included 600 children, aged 5-12-years. The risk factors examined included social class, parental, early life, lifestyle, and dietary components. A composite score was calculated which ranged from 0 (no risk factors for overweight/obesity) to 4 (4 risk factors for overweight/obesity). RESULTS In model 1 (%BF) the four factors associated with overweight/obesity risk were having a parent with overweight/obesity (odds ratio 3.1; 95% confidence interval 1.9-4.8), having a high birth weight of ≥4 kg (2.5; 1.6-3.9), being from a low social class (2.3; 1.4-3.8) and low physical activity (1.9; 1.2-2.8). Children who scored 3-4 points on the composite score had a 10-fold (10.0; 4.2-23.9) increased risk of overweight/obesity compared to those with 0 points, a sevenfold (7.2; 3.9-13.5) increased risk compared to those with 1 point and a threefold (2.6; 1.4-4.8) increased risk compared to those with 2 points, with similar results observed in model 2 (BMI). CONCLUSION The use of a composite score is a beneficial means of identifying children at risk of overweight/obesity and may prove useful in the development of effective interventions to tackle childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisling O'Donnell
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food ScienceUniversity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Maria Buffini
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food ScienceUniversity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Laura Kehoe
- School of Food and Nutritional SciencesUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
| | - Anne Nugent
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food ScienceUniversity College DublinDublinIreland,School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food SecurityQueens University BelfastBelfastNorthern Ireland
| | - John Kearney
- School of Biological & Health SciencesTechnological University DublinDublinIreland
| | - Janette Walton
- Department of Biological SciencesMunster Technological UniversityCorkIreland
| | - Albert Flynn
- School of Food and Nutritional SciencesUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
| | - Breige McNulty
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food ScienceUniversity College DublinDublinIreland
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7
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Kim YJ, Hahn A, Park YH, Na DL, Chin J, Seo SW. Longitudinal Amyloid Cognitive Composite in Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease. Eur J Neurol 2021; 29:980-989. [PMID: 34972256 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have developed several cognitive composites in preclinical AD. However, more sensitive measures to track cognitive changes and therapeutic efficacy in preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) are needed considering diverse sociocultural and linguistic backgrounds. This study developed a composite score that can sensitively detect the Aβ-related cognitive trajectory of preclinical AD using Korean data. METHODS A total of 196 cognitively normal (CN) participants who underwent amyloid positron emission tomography were followed-up with neuropsychological assessments. We developed the Longitudinal Amyloid cognitive Composite in Preclinical AD (LACPA) using the linear mixed-effects model (LMM) and z-scores. The LMM was also used to investigate the longitudinal sensitivity of LACPA and the association between time-varying brain atrophy and LACPA. RESULTS Considering the group-time interaction effects of each subtest, the Seoul Verbal Learning Test-Elderly's version (SVLT-E) immediate recall/delayed recall/recognition, the Korean Trail Making Test B time, and the Korean Mini-Mental State Examination were selected as components of LACPA. LACPA exhibited a significant group-time interaction effect between the Aβ+ and Aβ- groups (t = -3.288, p = 0.001). Associations between time-varying LACPA and brain atrophy were found in the bilateral medial temporal, right lateral parietal, and right lateral frontal regions, and hippocampal volume. CONCLUSION LACPA may contribute to reduction in time and financial burden when monitoring Aβ-related cognitive decline and therapeutic efficacy of the disease-modifying agents specifically targeting Aβ in secondary prevention trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ju Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Alice Hahn
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Hyun Park
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk L Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.,Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute
| | - Juhee Chin
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Won Seo
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.,Samsung Alzheimer Research Center.,Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology.,Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
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8
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Abstract
Patients may be assessed using a battery of tests where different tests yield scores in different units, where different tests have different minimum and maximum scores, and where higher or lower scores mean different things in different tests. Therefore, a composite test score cannot be obtained by simple addition or averaging of scores in the individual tests. However, if performances in individual tests are converted to Z scores, the Z scores can be added or averaged to yield a composite score that can be interpreted or processed using conventional statistical methods. This article explains in simple ways how Z scores are calculated, what the properties of Z scores are, how Z scores can be interpreted, and how Z scores can be converted into other standard scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chittaranjan Andrade
- Dept. of Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neurotoxicology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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9
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Rigoard P, Ounajim A, Goudman L, Louis PY, Slaoui Y, Roulaud M, Naiditch N, Bouche B, Page P, Lorgeoux B, Baron S, Charrier E, Poupin L, Rannou D, de Montgazon GB, Roy-Moreau B, Grimaud N, Adjali N, Nivole K, Many M, David R, Wood C, Rigoard R, Moens M, Billot M. A Novel Multi-Dimensional Clinical Response Index Dedicated to Improving Global Assessment of Pain in Patients with Persistent Spinal Pain Syndrome after Spinal Surgery, Based on a Real-Life Prospective Multicentric Study (PREDIBACK) and Machine Learning Techniques. J Clin Med 2021; 10:4910. [PMID: 34768428 PMCID: PMC8585086 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10214910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The multidimensionality of chronic pain forces us to look beyond isolated assessment such as pain intensity, which does not consider multiple key parameters, particularly in post-operative Persistent Spinal Pain Syndrome (PSPS-T2) patients. Our ambition was to produce a novel Multi-dimensional Clinical Response Index (MCRI), including not only pain intensity but also functional capacity, anxiety-depression, quality of life and quantitative pain mapping, the objective being to achieve instantaneous assessment using machine learning techniques. Two hundred PSPS-T2 patients were enrolled in the real-life observational prospective PREDIBACK study with 12-month follow-up and received various treatments. From a multitude of questionnaires/scores, specific items were combined, as exploratory factor analyses helped to create a single composite MCRI; using pairwise correlations between measurements, it appeared to more accurately represent all pain dimensions than any previous classical score. It represented the best compromise among all existing indexes, showing the highest sensitivity/specificity related to Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC). Novel composite indexes could help to refine pain assessment by informing the physician's perception of patient condition on the basis of objective and holistic metrics, and also by providing new insights regarding therapy efficacy/patient outcome assessments, before ultimately being adapted to other pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Rigoard
- PRISMATICS Lab (Predictive Research in Spine/Neuromodulation Management and Thoracic Innovation/Cardiac Surgery), Poitiers University Hospital, 86021 Poitiers, France; (A.O.); (M.R.); (N.N.); (B.B.); (B.L.); (S.B.); (N.A.); (K.N.); (M.M.); (R.D.); (C.W.); (M.B.)
- Department of Spine Surgery & Neuromodulation, Poitiers University Hospital, 86021 Poitiers, France;
- Pprime Institute UPR 3346, CNRS, ISAE-ENSMA, University of Poitiers, 86360 Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, France
| | - Amine Ounajim
- PRISMATICS Lab (Predictive Research in Spine/Neuromodulation Management and Thoracic Innovation/Cardiac Surgery), Poitiers University Hospital, 86021 Poitiers, France; (A.O.); (M.R.); (N.N.); (B.B.); (B.L.); (S.B.); (N.A.); (K.N.); (M.M.); (R.D.); (C.W.); (M.B.)
- Laboratoire de Mathématiques et Applications UMR 7348, CNRS, University of Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, France;
| | - Lisa Goudman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (L.G.); (M.M.)
- STIMULUS Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre-Yves Louis
- AgroSup Dijon, PAM UMR 02.102, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France;
- Institut de Mathématiques de Bourgogne, UMR 5584 CNRS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Yousri Slaoui
- Laboratoire de Mathématiques et Applications UMR 7348, CNRS, University of Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, France;
| | - Manuel Roulaud
- PRISMATICS Lab (Predictive Research in Spine/Neuromodulation Management and Thoracic Innovation/Cardiac Surgery), Poitiers University Hospital, 86021 Poitiers, France; (A.O.); (M.R.); (N.N.); (B.B.); (B.L.); (S.B.); (N.A.); (K.N.); (M.M.); (R.D.); (C.W.); (M.B.)
| | - Nicolas Naiditch
- PRISMATICS Lab (Predictive Research in Spine/Neuromodulation Management and Thoracic Innovation/Cardiac Surgery), Poitiers University Hospital, 86021 Poitiers, France; (A.O.); (M.R.); (N.N.); (B.B.); (B.L.); (S.B.); (N.A.); (K.N.); (M.M.); (R.D.); (C.W.); (M.B.)
| | - Bénédicte Bouche
- PRISMATICS Lab (Predictive Research in Spine/Neuromodulation Management and Thoracic Innovation/Cardiac Surgery), Poitiers University Hospital, 86021 Poitiers, France; (A.O.); (M.R.); (N.N.); (B.B.); (B.L.); (S.B.); (N.A.); (K.N.); (M.M.); (R.D.); (C.W.); (M.B.)
- Department of Spine Surgery & Neuromodulation, Poitiers University Hospital, 86021 Poitiers, France;
| | - Philippe Page
- Department of Spine Surgery & Neuromodulation, Poitiers University Hospital, 86021 Poitiers, France;
| | - Bertille Lorgeoux
- PRISMATICS Lab (Predictive Research in Spine/Neuromodulation Management and Thoracic Innovation/Cardiac Surgery), Poitiers University Hospital, 86021 Poitiers, France; (A.O.); (M.R.); (N.N.); (B.B.); (B.L.); (S.B.); (N.A.); (K.N.); (M.M.); (R.D.); (C.W.); (M.B.)
| | - Sandrine Baron
- PRISMATICS Lab (Predictive Research in Spine/Neuromodulation Management and Thoracic Innovation/Cardiac Surgery), Poitiers University Hospital, 86021 Poitiers, France; (A.O.); (M.R.); (N.N.); (B.B.); (B.L.); (S.B.); (N.A.); (K.N.); (M.M.); (R.D.); (C.W.); (M.B.)
| | - Elodie Charrier
- Pain Evaluation and Treatment Centre, Poitiers University Hospital, 86021 Poitiers, France; (E.C.); (L.P.); (D.R.)
| | - Laure Poupin
- Pain Evaluation and Treatment Centre, Poitiers University Hospital, 86021 Poitiers, France; (E.C.); (L.P.); (D.R.)
| | - Delphine Rannou
- Pain Evaluation and Treatment Centre, Poitiers University Hospital, 86021 Poitiers, France; (E.C.); (L.P.); (D.R.)
| | | | - Brigitte Roy-Moreau
- Pain Evaluation and Treatment Centre, Nord Deux-Sèvres Hospital, 79000 Niort, France;
| | - Nelly Grimaud
- Pain Evaluation and Treatment Centre, Centre Clinical Elsan, 16800 Soyaux, France;
| | - Nihel Adjali
- PRISMATICS Lab (Predictive Research in Spine/Neuromodulation Management and Thoracic Innovation/Cardiac Surgery), Poitiers University Hospital, 86021 Poitiers, France; (A.O.); (M.R.); (N.N.); (B.B.); (B.L.); (S.B.); (N.A.); (K.N.); (M.M.); (R.D.); (C.W.); (M.B.)
| | - Kevin Nivole
- PRISMATICS Lab (Predictive Research in Spine/Neuromodulation Management and Thoracic Innovation/Cardiac Surgery), Poitiers University Hospital, 86021 Poitiers, France; (A.O.); (M.R.); (N.N.); (B.B.); (B.L.); (S.B.); (N.A.); (K.N.); (M.M.); (R.D.); (C.W.); (M.B.)
| | - Mathilde Many
- PRISMATICS Lab (Predictive Research in Spine/Neuromodulation Management and Thoracic Innovation/Cardiac Surgery), Poitiers University Hospital, 86021 Poitiers, France; (A.O.); (M.R.); (N.N.); (B.B.); (B.L.); (S.B.); (N.A.); (K.N.); (M.M.); (R.D.); (C.W.); (M.B.)
| | - Romain David
- PRISMATICS Lab (Predictive Research in Spine/Neuromodulation Management and Thoracic Innovation/Cardiac Surgery), Poitiers University Hospital, 86021 Poitiers, France; (A.O.); (M.R.); (N.N.); (B.B.); (B.L.); (S.B.); (N.A.); (K.N.); (M.M.); (R.D.); (C.W.); (M.B.)
- Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, Poitiers University Hospital, University of Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France
| | - Chantal Wood
- PRISMATICS Lab (Predictive Research in Spine/Neuromodulation Management and Thoracic Innovation/Cardiac Surgery), Poitiers University Hospital, 86021 Poitiers, France; (A.O.); (M.R.); (N.N.); (B.B.); (B.L.); (S.B.); (N.A.); (K.N.); (M.M.); (R.D.); (C.W.); (M.B.)
| | - Raphael Rigoard
- CEA Cadarache, Département de Support Technique et Gestion, Service des Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication, 13108 Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France;
| | - Maarten Moens
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (L.G.); (M.M.)
- STIMULUS Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maxime Billot
- PRISMATICS Lab (Predictive Research in Spine/Neuromodulation Management and Thoracic Innovation/Cardiac Surgery), Poitiers University Hospital, 86021 Poitiers, France; (A.O.); (M.R.); (N.N.); (B.B.); (B.L.); (S.B.); (N.A.); (K.N.); (M.M.); (R.D.); (C.W.); (M.B.)
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10
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Chen SLF, Braaten T, Borch KB, Ferrari P, Sandanger TM, Nøst TH. Combined Lifestyle Behaviors and the Incidence of Common Cancer Types in the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study (NOWAC). Clin Epidemiol 2021; 13:721-734. [PMID: 34429658 PMCID: PMC8378914 DOI: 10.2147/clep.s312864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Only a small number of studies have examined the impact of combined lifestyle behaviors on cancer incidence, and never in a Norwegian population. PURPOSE To examine linear and nonlinear associations of combined lifestyle factors, assessed through a healthy lifestyle index (HLI), with the incidence of postmenopausal breast, colorectal, lung, postmenopausal endometrial, postmenopausal ovarian, pancreatic, and kidney cancer among women in Norway. METHODS This prospective study included 96,869 women enrolled in the Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) cohort. Baseline information on lifestyle factors was collected between 1996 and 2004. The HLI was constructed from five lifestyle factors: physical activity level, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, and diet. Each factor contributed 0 to 4 points to the HLI score, which ranged from 0 to 20, with higher scores representing a healthier lifestyle. Multiple imputation was used to handle missing data. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Restricted cubic splines were used to examine nonlinearity in the associations. RESULTS The HRs for a one-point increment on the HLI score were 0.97 (95% CI: 0.96-0.98) for postmenopausal breast cancer, 0.98 (0.96-1.00) for colorectal cancer, 0.86 (0.84-0.87) for lung cancer, 0.93 (0.91-0.95) for postmenopausal endometrial cancer, 0.99 (0.96-1.02) for postmenopausal ovarian cancer, 0.92 (0.89-0.95) for pancreatic cancer, and 0.94 (0.91-0.97) for kidney cancer. Nonlinearity was observed for the inverse associations between HLI score and the incidence of lung cancer and postmenopausal breast cancer. CONCLUSION Based on our results, healthier lifestyle, as assessed by the HLI score, was associated with lower incidence of postmenopausal breast, colorectal, lung, postmenopausal endometrial, pancreatic, and kidney cancer among women, although the magnitude and linearity varied. Adoption of healthier lifestyle behaviors should be a public health priority to reduce the cancer burden among Norwegian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sairah L F Chen
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Tonje Braaten
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kristin B Borch
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Torkjel M Sandanger
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Therese H Nøst
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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11
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Asante-Asamani EO, Pal G, Liu L, Ogunwobi OO. Prostac: A New Composite Score With Potential Predictive Value in Prostate Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:644665. [PMID: 33796469 PMCID: PMC8009179 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.644665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed solid organ cancer in men worldwide. Current diagnosis of PCa includes use of initial prostate specific antigen assay which has a high false positive rate, low specificity, and low sensitivity. The side effects of unnecessary prostate biopsies that healthy men are subjected to, often result in unintended health complications. New PCa biomarkers are being discovered to address this unmet need. Here, we report on the creation of a composite score (Prostac) based on three recently discovered PCa biomarkers, Plasmacytoma Variant Translocation 1 (PVT1) exons 4A, 4B, and 9. Statistical analysis of copy numbers derived from a real-time quantitative polymerase chain (qPCR) reaction - based assay, showed these PCa biomarkers to be linearly separable and significantly over expressed in PCa epithelial cells. We train a supervised learning algorithm using support vector machines to generate a classification hyperplane from which a user-friendly composite score is developed. Cross validation of Prostac using data from prostate epithelial cells (RWPE1) and PCa cells (MDA PCa 2b) accurately classified 100% of PCa cells. Creation of the Prostac score lays the groundwork for clinical trial of its use in PCa diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E O Asante-Asamani
- Department of Mathematics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, United States
| | - Gargi Pal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of The City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Leslie Liu
- Value based payment unit, Fidelis Care/Centene, Long Island City, NY, United States
| | - Olorunseun O Ogunwobi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of The City University of New York, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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12
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Kokoroskos N, Peponis T, Lee JM, El Hechi M, Naar L, Nederpelt C, Gaitanidis A, Mendoza AE, Saillant N, Kaafarani H, King D, Velmahos G, Fagenholz P. The Role of Transaminases in Predicting Choledocholithiasis. A Novel Predictive Composite Score Development in a Cohort of 1089 Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Am Surg 2021; 88:1631-1637. [PMID: 33710916 DOI: 10.1177/0003134821998664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimal use of interventional procedures and diagnostic tests for patients with suspected choledocholithiasis depends on accurate pretest risk estimation. We sought to define sensitivity/specificity of transaminases in identifying choledocholithiasis and to incorporate them into a biochemical marker composite score that could accurately predict choledocholithiasis. METHODS All adult patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy by our Emergency Surgery Service between 2010 and 2018 were reviewed. Admission total bilirubin (TB), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was captured. Choledocholithiasis was confirmed via intraoperative cholangiogram, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, or magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. Area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) or C-statistic for AST, ALT, ALP, and TB as a measure of detecting choledocholithiasis was calculated. For score development, our database was randomly dichotomized to derivation and validation cohort and a score was derived. The score was validated by calculating its C-statistic. RESULTS 1089 patients were included; 210 (20.3%) had confirmed choledocholithiasis. The AUC was .78 for TB, .77 for ALP and AST, and .76 for ALT. 545 and 544 patients were included in the derivation and the validation cohort, respectively. The elements of the derived score were TB, AST, and ALP. The score ranged from 0 to 4. The AUC was .82 in the derivation and .77 in the validation cohort. The probability of choledocholithiasis increased from 8% to 89% at scores 0 to 4, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Aspartate aminotransferase predicted choledocholithiasis adequately and should be featured in choledocholithiasis screening algorithms. We developed a biochemical composite score, shown to be accurate in preoperative choledocholithiasis risk assessment in an emergency surgery setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Kokoroskos
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 548305Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas Peponis
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 548305Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jae Moo Lee
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 548305Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Majed El Hechi
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 548305Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leon Naar
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 548305Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charlie Nederpelt
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 548305Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Apostolos Gaitanidis
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 548305Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - April E Mendoza
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 548305Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Noelle Saillant
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 548305Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Haytham Kaafarani
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 548305Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David King
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 548305Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - George Velmahos
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 548305Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter Fagenholz
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 548305Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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13
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Sung MH, Shen Y, Handel A, Bahl J, Ross TM. Longitudinal Assessment of Immune Responses to Repeated Annual Influenza Vaccination in a Human Cohort of Adults and Teenagers. Front Immunol 2021; 12:642791. [PMID: 33746985 PMCID: PMC7965973 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.642791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The overall performance of a multiple component vaccine assessed by the vaccine-elicited immune responses across various strains in a repeated vaccination setting has not been well-studied, and the comparison between adults and teenagers is yet to be made. Methods: A human cohort study was conducted at the University of Georgia, with 140 subjects (86 adults and 54 teenagers) repeatedly vaccinated in the 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 influenza seasons. Host information was prospectively collected, and serum samples were collected before and after vaccination in each season. The association between host factors and repeated measures of hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) composite scores was assessed by generalized linear models with generalized estimating equations. Results: The mean HAI composite scores for the entire sample (t = 4.26, df = 139, p < 0.001) and the teenager group (t = 6.44, df = 53, p < 0.001) declined in the second season, while the changes in the adults were not statistically significant (t = −1.14, df = 85, p = 0.26). A mixture pattern of changes in both directions was observed in the adults when stratified by prior vaccination. In addition, the regression analysis suggested an interactive effect of age and BMI on the HAI composite scores in the overall population (beta = 0.005; 95% CI, 0.0008–0.01) and the adults (beta = 0.005; 95% CI, 0.0005–0.01). Conclusions: Our study found distinct vaccine-elicited immune responses between adults and teenagers when both were repeatedly vaccinated in consecutive years. An interactive effect of age and BMI on the HAI composite scores were identified in the overall population and the adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hsuan Sung
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Ye Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Andreas Handel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.,College of Public Health, Health Informatics Institute, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.,Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Justin Bahl
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.,Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.,Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.,Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Ted M Ross
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.,Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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14
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DeMars CE. A Note on the Relation Between the Angle of the Reference Composite and Liu, Li, and Liu's Method 4 for Domain Scores. Appl Psychol Meas 2021; 45:130-133. [PMID: 33627918 PMCID: PMC7876633 DOI: 10.1177/0146621620965742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
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15
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Furst D, Varga J, Roofeh D, Pauling JD, Hughes M, Sandler R, Zimmermann F, Wessel R, Townsend W, Chung L, Denton CP, Merkel PA, Steen V, Allanore Y, Del Galdo F, Godard D, Cella D, Farrington S, Buch MH, Khanna D. Considerations for a combined index for limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis to support drug development and improve outcomes. J Scleroderma Relat Disord 2021; 6:66-76. [PMID: 34316516 PMCID: PMC8313014 DOI: 10.1177/2397198320961967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc; systemic scleroderma) is characterized by a heterogeneous range of clinical manifestations. SSc is classified into limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc) and diffuse cutaneous subgroups (dcSSc) based on the extent of skin involvement. Randomized controlled trials in scleroderma have mainly focused on dcSSc partly because the measurement of skin involvement, critical for evaluating a therapeutic intervention is more dynamic in this subset. Nonetheless, lcSSc, the most common cutaneous subset (about 2/3), is also associated with significant morbidity and detrimental impact on health-related quality of life. The lack of interventional studies in lcSSc is partly due to a lack of relevant outcome measures to evaluate this subgroup. Combining several clinically meaningful outcomes selected specifically for lcSSc may improve representativeness in clinical trials and responsiveness of outcomes measured in randomized controlled trials. A composite index dedicated to lcSSc combining such relevant outcomes could advance clinical trial development for lcSSc by providing the opportunity to test and select among candidate drugs that could act as disease-modifying treatments for this neglected subgroup of SSc. This proposed index would include items selected by expert physicians and patients with lcSSc across domains grounded in the lived experience of lcSSc. This article reviews the reasons behind the relative neglect of lcSSc, discusses the current state of outcome measures for lcSSc, identifies challenges, and proposes a roadmap for a combined lcSSc-specific treatment response index.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David Roofeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Scleroderma Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - John D Pauling
- Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases (at Royal United Hospitals), Bath, UK
| | - Michael Hughes
- Department of Rheumatology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Robert Sandler
- Department of Rheumatology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - François Zimmermann
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Rachel Wessel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Scleroderma Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Whitney Townsend
- Taubman Health Sciences Library, University of Michigan. Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lorinda Chung
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Christopher P Denton
- Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Royal Free Hospital Campus, University College London Medical School, London, UK
| | - Peter A Merkel
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Virginia Steen
- Division of Rheumatology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Yannick Allanore
- Rheumatology A department, Cochin Hospital, APHP, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Francesco Del Galdo
- Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds LS7 4SA, UK
| | | | - David Cella
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 Michigan Ave, 21st Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Sue Farrington
- Federation of European Scleroderma Associations (FESCA), Tournai, Belgium
| | - Maya H Buch
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Dinesh Khanna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Scleroderma Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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16
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Staffaroni AM, Asken BM, Casaletto KB, Fonseca C, You M, Rosen HJ, Boxer AL, Elahi FM, Kornak J, Mungas D, Kramer JH. Development and validation of the Uniform Data Set (v3.0) executive function composite score (UDS3-EF). Alzheimers Dement 2020; 17:574-583. [PMID: 33215852 PMCID: PMC8044003 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Cognitive composite scores offer a means of precisely measuring executive functioning (EF). Methods We developed the Uniform Data Set v3.0 EF composite score (UDS3‐EF) in 3507 controls from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center dataset using item‐response theory and applied nonlinear and linear demographic adjustments. The UDS3‐EF was validated with other neuropsychological tests and brain magnetic resonance imaging from independent research cohorts using linear models. Results Final model fit was good‐to‐excellent: comparative fit index = 0.99; root mean squared error of approximation = 0.057. UDS3‐EF scores differed across validation cohorts (controls > mild cognitive impairment > Alzheimer's disease‐dementia ≈ behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia; P < 0.001). The UDS3‐EF correlated most strongly with other EF tests (βs = 0.50 to 0.85, Ps < 0.001) and more with frontal, parietal, and temporal lobe gray matter volumes (βs = 0.18 to 0.33, Ps ≤ 0.004) than occipital gray matter (β = 0.12, P = 0.04). The total sample needed to detect a 40% reduction in UDS3‐EF change (n = 286) was ≈40% of the next best measure (F‐words; n = 714). Conclusions The UDS3‐EF is well suited to quantify EF in research and clinical trials and offers psychometric and practical advantages over its component tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Staffaroni
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Breton M Asken
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kaitlin B Casaletto
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Corrina Fonseca
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michelle You
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Howard J Rosen
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Adam L Boxer
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Fanny M Elahi
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California, USA
| | - John Kornak
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memory and Aging Center, University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Dan Mungas
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Joel H Kramer
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California, USA
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17
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Hsiao YY, Kwok OM, Lai MHC. Modeling Measurement Errors of the Exogenous Composites From Congeneric Measures in Interaction Models. Struct Equ Modeling 2020; 28:250-260. [PMID: 34239281 PMCID: PMC8259412 DOI: 10.1080/10705511.2020.1782206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the performance of two single indicator methods: latent moderated structural equation (LMS) and reliability-adjusted product indicator (RAPI) methods, on testing interaction effects with congeneric measures, which vary in factor loadings and error variances under a common factor. Additionally, in the simulation study, we compared the performance of four reliability estimates (Cronbach's alpha, omega composite, Coefficient H, and greatest lower bound [GLB]) to adjust for the exogenous composites' measurement errors. Results from the study showed that: while estimating interaction effects with exogenous composites from congeneric measures, the four reliability estimates performed comparably well. Recommendations on the choice of reliability estimates between the LMS and the RAPI methods under different sample sizes and population reliability conditions are further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yu Hsiao
- Department of Individual, Family, and Community Education, University of New Mexico
| | - Oi-Man Kwok
- Department of Educational Psychology, Texas A&M University
| | - Mark H. C. Lai
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California
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18
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Pilitsis JG, Fahey M, Custozzo A, Chakravarthy K, Capobianco R. Composite Score Is a Better Reflection of Patient Response to Chronic Pain Therapy Compared With Pain Intensity Alone. Neuromodulation 2020; 24:68-75. [PMID: 32592618 DOI: 10.1111/ner.13212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The pain Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) score became standard when pain was introduced as the fifth vital sign in the 1990s. Although plagued with issues, it remains the basis for primary outcome measures in clinical trials for chronic pain therapies. Multidimensional composite scoring that considers all aspects of the chronic pain experience may provide a more meaningful response measure. Herein we propose a multidimensional responder index. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were extracted from an ongoing prospective, multicenter study on DeRidder Burst spinal cord stimulation (B-SCS) for chronic back and/or leg pain (NCT03082261). The analysis cohort consisted of subjects who completed the NRS, Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D), and eight-item Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Physical Function preoperatively and at 12 months after implant. RESULTS A principal component analysis showed that each of the four measures contributed equally to the variance in the data set, confirming that pain score should not be used alone. Subjects who failed to respond on NRS responded on both PCS and EQ-5D. Eighty-one percent of subjects responded on at least two measures. The responder algorithm yielded an 84% success rate at both 6- and 12-month time points. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that therapeutic response, similar to the chronic pain experience, is multidimensional. Careful consideration should be made to incorporate composite endpoints in future SCS clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie G Pilitsis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA.,Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Marie Fahey
- Neuromodulation Division, Abbott, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Amanda Custozzo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Krishnan Chakravarthy
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of California San Diego Health Sciences, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
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19
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Speariett S, Armstrong R. The Relationship Between the Golf-Specific Movement Screen and Golf Performance. J Sport Rehabil 2020; 29:425-35. [PMID: 30860428 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2018-0441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Golf requires effective movement patterns to produce an effective swing and performance. OBJECTIVE To determine the relationship between the Titleist Performance Institute golf-specific functional movement screening (GSFMS) composite and individual element scores and golf performance by assessing a player's handicap, clubhead speed, side accuracy, ball speed, peak pelvis rotation speed, swing sequence, and common swing faults. DESIGN Cohort study, clinical measurement. SETTING English golf club. PARTICIPANTS A total of 11 amateur golfers: 5 males (age: 37.2 [18.7] y, height: 184.4 [9.6] cm, body mass: 89.5 [13.4] kg, and handicap: 9 [6.6]) and 6 females (age: 53.7 [15.0] y, height: 166.8 [5.5] cm, body mass: 67.9 [16.6] kg, and handicap: 13 [6.1]). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES GSFMS composite and individual element scores and golf performance variables. RESULTS Significant relationships existed between GSFMS composite scores and handicap (r = -.779, P = .01); clubhead speed (r = .701, P = .02); ball speed (r = .674, P = .02); and peak pelvis rotation speed (r = .687, P = .02). Significant relationships existed between 90°/90° golf position and clubhead speed (r = .716, P = .01); ball speed (r = .777, P = .01); seated trunk rotation and peak pelvis rotation speed (r = .606, P = .048); single-leg balance and handicap (r = -.722, P = .01); torso rotation and handicap (r = -.637,P = .04); and torso rotation and peak pelvis rotation speed (r = .741, P = .01). Single-leg balance, overhead deep squat, and pelvic tilt were the GSFMS tests which participants had most difficulty in performing. The most common swing faults identified included loss of posture, slide, chicken winging, and early hip extension. CONCLUSIONS The GSFMS may be used to identify movement limitations that relate to golfing performance. These findings may potentially allow intervention to correct movement patterns and potentially improve golf performance.
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20
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Fang WQ, Hwu WL, Chien YH, Yang SY, Chieh JJ, Chang LM, Huang AC, Lee NC, Chiu MJ. Composite Scores of Plasma Tau and β-Amyloids Correlate with Dementia in Down Syndrome. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:191-196. [PMID: 31799825 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dementia frequently occurs in Down syndrome (DS) patients, and early intervention is important in its management. We have previously demonstrated a positive correlation of plasma β-amyloid Aβ42 levels and negative correlations of Aβ40 and tau levels with dementia in DS. In this study, we examined more cases and constructed composite scores with both tau and amyloids to correlate with dementia in DS. Plasma Aβ42, Aβ40, and tau proteins were measured by an immunomagnetic reduction assay in DS patients. Data were randomly and repeatedly split into training and validating sets, and logistic regression was applied to calculate the area under the curve (AUC) for each biomarker. A total of 73 DS patients (among them, 23 had neurodegeneration) and 77 controls were recruited. In DS patients without dementia, plasma Aβ40 and tau levels were highly elevated, but Aβ42 levels were lower than those of the healthy controls. DS patients with dementia, compared with DS patients with no dementia, had a large decline in Aβ40 and tau but a rise in Aβ42. For biomarker scores correlating with dementia, Aβ40 revealed an AUC of 0.912; the composite score of Aβ40 × tau revealed an AUC of 0.953; and a combined composite score of 0.1 for Aβ40 × Tau +0.9 Tau × Aβ40/Aβ42 achieved the highest AUC of 0.965. Therefore, composite biomarker scores including both plasma tau and β-amyloid levels correlate with dementia in DS better than using individual biomarker scores. The pattern of tau decline and Aβ42 rise in DS patients with dementia are also different from previous findings in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Quan Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Wuh-Liang Hwu
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Hsiu Chien
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | | | - Jen-Jie Chieh
- Institute of Electro-optical Science and Technology, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Maan Chang
- Department of Clinical Psychology, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Chu Huang
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ni-Chung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jang Chiu
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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Abstract
Both living and working environments have a substantial influence on promoting healthy living habits. A holistic and accurate assessment of the community health-promoting practices is important to identify gaps and to make continuous, tangible improvements. The aim of the study is to assess the prevalence of the Singapore community health-promoting practices. The community health-promoting practices in all residential zones of an electoral constituency were assessed based on a composite health promotion scoring system comprising of 44 measurable elements under the 5 domains of community support and resources; healthy behaviours; chronic conditions; mental health; and common medical emergencies. An alphabetical grading system was used based on the score ranges: grade 'A' (75% and above), grade 'B' (60% to below 75%), grade 'C' (50% to below 60%) and grade 'D' (below 50%). The community health-promoting practices were graded 'D' with an overall average score of 41%. The constituency achieved grade 'C' (59%) for mental health domain and grade 'B' (72%) for common medical emergencies. The health-promoting practices for the other domains were graded 'D' (<50%) except for healthy behaviour (physical activity) sub-domain which achieved grade 'B' (65%). Significant gaps were identified in the community health-promoting practices. The residential zones may benefit from the scoring system to identify gaps and prioritize high-impact strategies to improve their health practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manimegalai Kailasam
- Department of Epidemiology, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, 1 Jurong East Street 21, Singapore 609606, Singapore
| | - Yin Maw Hsann
- Department of Epidemiology, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, 1 Jurong East Street 21, Singapore 609606, Singapore
| | - Priyanka Vankayalapati
- Department of Epidemiology, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, 1 Jurong East Street 21, Singapore 609606, Singapore
| | - Kok Soong Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, 1 Jurong East Street 21, Singapore 609606, Singapore
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Rehman S, Li X, Wang C, Ikram M, Rehman E, Liu M. Quality of Care for Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) in Pakistan: A Retrospective Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:E3890. [PMID: 31615067 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16203890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A wide variation exists in the practice patterns of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) care worldwide, leading to differences in clinical outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the quality of process care and its impact on in-hospital outcomes among AMI patients in Pakistan, as no such study has been conducted in Pakistan thus far based upon recommended guidelines. We investigated a sample of 2663 AMI patients across 11 territory hospitals in Punjab province of Lahore, Faisalabad, Multan, Rawalpindi, and Islamabad from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017, with an in-hospital mortality rate of 8.6%. We calculated compliance rates of quality indicators (QIs) for all eligible patients. The association between process care and in-hospital outcome was assessed using hierarchical generalized linear model that adjusted for patient and hospital characteristics. In addition, we examined the effect of patient composite scores on clinical outcomes. Aspirin (73.08%) and clopidogrel (67.86%) indicated relatively better conformance than other QIs. The percutaneous coronary intervention also showed significantly low adherence. All QIs showed no significant association with in-hospital mortality. In contrast, 4 out of 8 QIs were observed positively correlated with in-hospital length of stay (LOS). The overall patient composite score was found to be statistically significant with in-hospital LOS. The assessment of quality of care showed low adherence to clinical care recommendations, and increased adherence was associated with longer in-hospital LOS among AMI patients. Evaluation of valid QIs for AMI treatment and their impact on in-hospital outcomes is an important tool for improving health care delivery in the overall AMI population in Pakistan. Low adherence to performance measures strongly compel to focus on guideline-based tools for AMI in Pakistan.
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Nassar HM, Park YS, Tekian A. Comparison of weighted and composite scores for pre-clinical dental learners. Eur J Dent Educ 2018; 22:192-197. [PMID: 29227014 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The weighted mean (WM) method for combining scores of assessment components can provide outcomes with biased reliability and score precision. The objective of this study was to compare the traditional WM with another method utilising the composite score (CS) principle for combining scores of a final summative assessment exercise for a pre-clinical dental course. METHODS Data were collected from the final examination of third-year Preclinical Operative and Esthetic Dentistry course consisting of 3 parts: practical competency, objective structured practical examination and a written examination with weights of 33%, 17% and 50%, respectively. Scores from the 3 components were combined using the WM and CS methods. Weighted kappa was used to compare both approaches for agreement, and students' ranks were also compared. RESULTS Combining scores using CS scheme produced lower scores overall compared to WM with more apparent effect for the male group. Agreement between WM and CS was moderate (κ = 0.44) with major differences between students' ranks across the 2 modalities as only 21% of the cohort retained their ranks. CONCLUSION The CS method produced more reliable scores, resulting in moderate agreement with the WM and major shift in students' ranks. These findings necessitate further validity considerations before implementing the CS method and call for further studies that examine the consequences of composite measures in dental education.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Nassar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Y S Park
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A Tekian
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
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Hsiao YY, Kwok OM, Lai MHC. Evaluation of Two Methods for Modeling Measurement Errors When Testing Interaction Effects With Observed Composite Scores. Educ Psychol Meas 2018; 78:181-202. [PMID: 29795952 PMCID: PMC5965658 DOI: 10.1177/0013164416679877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Path models with observed composites based on multiple items (e.g., mean or sum score of the items) are commonly used to test interaction effects. Under this practice, researchers generally assume that the observed composites are measured without errors. In this study, we reviewed and evaluated two alternative methods within the structural equation modeling (SEM) framework, namely, the reliability-adjusted product indicator (RAPI) method and the latent moderated structural equations (LMS) method, which can both flexibly take into account measurement errors. Results showed that both these methods generally produced unbiased estimates of the interaction effects. On the other hand, the path model-without considering measurement errors-led to substantial bias and a low confidence interval coverage rate of nonzero interaction effects. Other findings and implications for future studies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yu Hsiao
- Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Oi-Man Kwok
- Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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Fakih MG, Skierczynski B, Bufalino A, Groves C, Roberts P, Heavens M, Hendrich A, Haydar Z. Taking advantage of public reporting: An infection composite score to assist evaluating hospital performance for infection prevention efforts. Am J Infect Control 2016; 44:1578-1581. [PMID: 27645403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2016.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The standardized infection ratio (SIR) evaluates individual publicly reported health care-associated infections, but it may not assess overall performance. METHODS We piloted an infection composite score (ICS) in 82 hospitals of a single health system. The ICS is a combined score for central line-associated bloodstream infections, catheter-associated urinary tract infections, colon and abdominal hysterectomy surgical site infections, and hospital-onset methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and Clostridium difficile infections. Individual facility ICSs were calculated by normalizing each of the 6 SIR events to the system SIR for baseline and performance periods (ICSib and ICSip, respectively). A hospital ICSib reflected its baseline performance compared with system baseline, whereas a ICSip provided information of its outcome changes compared with system baseline. RESULTS Both the ICSib (baseline 2013) and ICSip (performance 2014) were calculated for 63 hospitals (reporting at least 4 of the 6 event types). The ICSip improved in 36 of 63 (57.1%) hospitals in 2014 when compared with the ICSib in 2013. The ICSib 2013 median was 0.96 (range, 0.13-2.94) versus the 2014 ICSip median of 0.92 (range, 0-6.55). Variation was more evident in hospitals with ≤100 beds. The system performance score (ICSsp) in 2014 was 0.95, a 5% improvement compared with 2013. CONCLUSIONS The proposed ICS may help large health systems and state hospital associations better evaluate key infectious outcomes, comparing them with historic and concurrent performance of peers.
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Liu G, Weinger JG, Lu ZL, Xue F, Sadeghpour S. Efficacy and Safety of MMFS-01, a Synapse Density Enhancer, for Treating Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 49:971-90. [PMID: 26519439 PMCID: PMC4927823 DOI: 10.3233/jad-150538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Cognitive impairment is a major problem in elderly, affecting quality of life. Pre-clinical studies show that MMFS-01, a synapse density enhancer, is effective at reversing cognitive decline in aging rodents. Objective: Since brain atrophy during aging is strongly associated with both cognitive decline and sleep disorder, we evaluated the efficacy of MMFS-01 in its ability to reverse cognitive impairment and improve sleep. Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-designed trial in older adult subjects (age 50–70) with cognitive impairment. Subjects were treated with MMFS-01 (n = 23) or placebo (n = 21) for 12 weeks and cognitive ability, sleep quality, and emotion were evaluated. Overall cognitive ability was determined by a composite score of tests in four major cognitive domains. Results: With MMFS-01 treatment, overall cognitive ability improved significantly relative to placebo (p = 0.003; Cohen’s d = 0.91). Cognitive fluctuation was also reduced. The study population had more severe executive function deficits than age-matched controls from normative data and MMFS-01 treatment nearly restored their impaired executive function, demonstrating that MMFS-01 may be clinically significant. Due to the strong placebo effects on sleep and anxiety, the effects of MMFS-01 on sleep and anxiety could not be determined. Conclusions: The current study demonstrates the potential of MMFS-01 for treating cognitive impairment in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guosong Liu
- Neurocentria, Inc., Fremont, CA, USA.,School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Zhong-Lin Lu
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Feng Xue
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Esdar M, Hübner U, Liebe JD, Hüsers J, Thye J. Understanding latent structures of clinical information logistics: A bottom-up approach for model building and validating the workflow composite score. Int J Med Inform 2016; 97:210-220. [PMID: 27919379 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Clinical information logistics is a construct that aims to describe and explain various phenomena of information provision to drive clinical processes. It can be measured by the workflow composite score, an aggregated indicator of the degree of IT support in clinical processes. This study primarily aimed to investigate the yet unknown empirical patterns constituting this construct. The second goal was to derive a data-driven weighting scheme for the constituents of the workflow composite score and to contrast this scheme with a literature based, top-down procedure. This approach should finally test the validity and robustness of the workflow composite score. METHODS Based on secondary data from 183 German hospitals, a tiered factor analytic approach (confirmatory and subsequent exploratory factor analysis) was pursued. A weighting scheme, which was based on factor loadings obtained in the analyses, was put into practice. RESULTS We were able to identify five statistically significant factors of clinical information logistics that accounted for 63% of the overall variance. These factors were "flow of data and information", "mobility", "clinical decision support and patient safety", "electronic patient record" and "integration and distribution". The system of weights derived from the factor loadings resulted in values for the workflow composite score that differed only slightly from the score values that had been previously published based on a top-down approach. CONCLUSION Our findings give insight into the internal composition of clinical information logistics both in terms of factors and weights. They also allowed us to propose a coherent model of clinical information logistics from a technical perspective that joins empirical findings with theoretical knowledge. Despite the new scheme of weights applied to the calculation of the workflow composite score, the score behaved robustly, which is yet another hint of its validity and therefore its usefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Esdar
- Health Informatics Research Group, University of Applied Sciences Osnabrück, Faculty of Business Management and Social Sciences, Caprivistr. 30A, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany.
| | - Ursula Hübner
- Health Informatics Research Group, University of Applied Sciences Osnabrück, Faculty of Business Management and Social Sciences, Caprivistr. 30A, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany.
| | - Jan-David Liebe
- Health Informatics Research Group, University of Applied Sciences Osnabrück, Faculty of Business Management and Social Sciences, Caprivistr. 30A, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany.
| | - Jens Hüsers
- Health Informatics Research Group, University of Applied Sciences Osnabrück, Faculty of Business Management and Social Sciences, Caprivistr. 30A, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany.
| | - Johannes Thye
- Health Informatics Research Group, University of Applied Sciences Osnabrück, Faculty of Business Management and Social Sciences, Caprivistr. 30A, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany.
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Abstract
Backround and aim This paper aims to assess the parameters of late responses and then determine their usefulness in patients with cervical radiculopathy. Patients and methods We studied a total of 114 patients with bilateral assessment of median and ulnar nerves and of F and A waves parameters. Results We draw attention to the need of bilateral electrodiagnostic examination due to changes occurring in a third of cases also in the asymptomatic limb. Pluriradicular injuries occurred in one third of cases. The root that was most commonly affected in cases of uniradicular lesion was C7. The parameters with the most important alterations were persistence, tacheodispersion and chronodispersion, which were changed in about a half of the patients. With regard to the A wave, it occurred in a small number of cases, about 10%, with an average amplitude of about 120 μV and an average latency of 15ms. The distance from the point of stimulation where the collateral branch appeared was calculated to be approximately 35 cm. Conclusions Among the F wave parameters, persistence, tacheodispersion and chronodispersion are recommended to be studied; these parameters were also included in the composite score along with the AAEM recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Galamb
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, Romania
| | - Ioan Dan Minea
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, Romania
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Montes J, Glanzman AM, Mazzone ES, Martens WB, Dunaway S, Pasternak A, Riley SO, Quigley J, Pandya S, De Vivo DC, Kaufmann P, Chiriboga CA, Finkel RS, Tennekoon GI, Darras BT, Pane M, Mercuri E, Mcdermott MP. Spinal muscular atrophy functional composite score: A functional measure in spinal muscular atrophy. Muscle Nerve 2015; 52:942-7. [PMID: 25846132 DOI: 10.1002/mus.24670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With clinical trials underway, our objective was to construct a composite score of global function that could discriminate among people with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). METHODS Data were collected from 126 participants with SMA types 2 and 3. Scores from the Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale-Expanded and Upper Limb Module were expressed as a percentage of the maximum score and 6-minute walk test as percent of predicted normal distance. A principal component analysis was performed on the correlation matrix for the 3 percentage scores. RESULTS The first principal component yielded a composite score with approximately equal weighting of the 3 components and accounted for 82% of the total variability. The SMA functional composite score, an unweighted average of the 3 individual percentage scores, correlated almost perfectly with the first principal component. CONCLUSIONS This combination of measures broadens the spectrum of ability that can be quantified in type 2 and 3 SMA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Montes
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, 180 Ft. Washington Avenue, Fifth Floor, New York, New York, 10032, USA.,Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Allan M Glanzman
- Department of Physical Therapy, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elena S Mazzone
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - William B Martens
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Sally Dunaway
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, 180 Ft. Washington Avenue, Fifth Floor, New York, New York, 10032, USA
| | - Amy Pasternak
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Susan O Riley
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Janet Quigley
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shree Pandya
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Darryl C De Vivo
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, 180 Ft. Washington Avenue, Fifth Floor, New York, New York, 10032, USA
| | - Petra Kaufmann
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, 180 Ft. Washington Avenue, Fifth Floor, New York, New York, 10032, USA
| | - Claudia A Chiriboga
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, 180 Ft. Washington Avenue, Fifth Floor, New York, New York, 10032, USA
| | - Richard S Finkel
- Division of Neurology, Nemours Children's Hospital, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Gihan I Tennekoon
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Basil T Darras
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marika Pane
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Mercuri
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Michael P Mcdermott
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA.,Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
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Liebe JD, Hübner U, Straede MC, Thye J. Developing a Workflow Composite Score to Measure Clinical Information Logistics. A Top-down Approach. Methods Inf Med 2015; 54:424-33. [PMID: 26419492 DOI: 10.3414/me14-02-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Availability and usage of individual IT applications have been studied intensively in the past years. Recently, IT support of clinical processes is attaining increasing attention. The underlying construct that describes the IT support of clinical workflows is clinical information logistics. This construct needs to be better understood, operationalised and measured. OBJECTIVES It is therefore the aim of this study to propose and develop a workflow composite score (WCS) for measuring clinical information logistics and to examine its quality based on reliability and validity analyses. METHODS We largely followed the procedural model of MacKenzie and colleagues (2011) for defining and conceptualising the construct domain, for developing the measurement instrument, assessing the content validity, pretesting the instrument, specifying the model, capturing the data and computing the WCS and testing the reliability and validity. RESULTS Clinical information logistics was decomposed into the descriptors data and information, function, integration and distribution, which embraced the framework validated by an analysis of the international literature. This framework was refined selecting representative clinical processes. We chose ward rounds, pre- and post-surgery processes and discharge as sample processes that served as concrete instances for the measurements. They are sufficiently complex, represent core clinical processes and involve different professions, departments and settings. The score was computed on the basis of data from 183 hospitals of different size, ownership, location and teaching status. Testing the reliability and validity yielded encouraging results: the reliability was high with r(split-half) = 0.89, the WCS discriminated between groups; the WCS correlated significantly and moderately with two EHR models and the WCS received good evaluation results by a sample of chief information officers (n = 67). These findings suggest the further utilisation of the WCS. CONCLUSION As the WCS does not assume ideal workflows as a gold standard but measures IT support of clinical workflows according to validated descriptors a high portability of the WCS to other hospitals in other countries is very likely. The WCS will contribute to a better understanding of the construct clinical information logistics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - U Hübner
- Prof. Dr. Ursula Hübner, Health Informatics Research Group, Hochschule Osnabrück, Department of Business Management and Social Sciences, P.O. Box 1940, 49009 Osnabrück, Germany, E-mail:
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Jones R, Stout JC, Labuschagne I, Say M, Justo D, Coleman A, Dumas EM, Hart E, Owen G, Durr A, Leavitt BR, Roos R, O'Regan A, Langbehn D, Tabrizi SJ, Frost C. The potential of composite cognitive scores for tracking progression in Huntington's disease. J Huntingtons Dis 2014; 3:197-207. [PMID: 25062862 DOI: 10.3233/jhd-140101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Composite scores derived from joint statistical modelling of individual risk factors are widely used to identify individuals who are at increased risk of developing disease or of faster disease progression. OBJECTIVE We investigated the ability of composite measures developed using statistical models to differentiate progressive cognitive deterioration in Huntington's disease (HD) from natural decline in healthy controls. METHODS Using longitudinal data from TRACK-HD, the optimal combinations of quantitative cognitive measures to differentiate premanifest and early stage HD individuals respectively from controls was determined using logistic regression. Composite scores were calculated from the parameters of each statistical model. Linear regression models were used to calculate effect sizes (ES) quantifying the difference in longitudinal change over 24 months between premanifest and early stage HD groups respectively and controls. ES for the composites were compared with ES for individual cognitive outcomes and other measures used in HD research. The 0.632 bootstrap was used to eliminate biases which result from developing and testing models in the same sample. RESULTS In early HD, the composite score from the HD change prediction model produced an ES for difference in rate of 24-month change relative to controls of 1.14 (95% CI: 0.90 to 1.39), larger than the ES for any individual cognitive outcome and UHDRS Total Motor Score and Total Functional Capacity. In addition, this composite gave a statistically significant difference in rate of change in premanifest HD compared to controls over 24-months (ES: 0.24; 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.44), even though none of the individual cognitive outcomes produced statistically significant ES over this period. CONCLUSIONS Composite scores developed using appropriate statistical modelling techniques have the potential to materially reduce required sample sizes for randomised controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Jones
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Julie C Stout
- School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Izelle Labuschagne
- School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Miranda Say
- UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Damian Justo
- Inserm, UMR_S975, CRICM and UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S975 and CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, France
| | - Allison Coleman
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Eve M Dumas
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen Hart
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gail Owen
- UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alexandra Durr
- Inserm, UMR_S975, CRICM and UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S975 and CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, France AP-HP, Hôpital de la Salpêtriére, Département de Génétique et Cytogénétique, Paris, France
| | - Blair R Leavitt
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Raymund Roos
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alison O'Regan
- School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Doug Langbehn
- Departments of Psychiatry and Biostatistics, University of Iowa, IA, USA
| | - Sarah J Tabrizi
- UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Chris Frost
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Sorkness CA. Validation studies of asthma patient-reported outcomes: "we want more!". J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013; 133:397-8. [PMID: 24365138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christine A Sorkness
- Departments of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wis.
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Ginocchio VM, D'Amico A, Bertini E, Ceravolo F, Dardis A, Verrigni D, Bembi B, Dionisi-Vici C, Deodato F. Efficacy of miglustat in Niemann-Pick C disease: a single centre experience. Mol Genet Metab 2013; 110:329-35. [PMID: 23973268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2013.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a lysosomal storage disease characterized by progressive neurological degeneration. Miglustat is the first approved specific therapy and its efficacy in stabilizing or slowing disease progression has been demonstrated in previous studies. We evaluated data from 10 NPC patients treated with Miglustat in a single study centre. All disease manifestations were assessed and patients were stratified according to age at onset of neurological symptoms. Neurological data were recorded by using a modified version of the NP-C disability scale; a "composite score" and a "mean annual change" were calculated to evaluate disease progression. We observed a mean annual change of the composite score of 0.04 in our cohort, indicating slower progression of neurological symptoms if compared with the natural history of the disease. The evidence of slower disease evolution in patients treated with Miglustat suits with previous data and here it is also emphasized by the comparison between disease progression in two early-infantile onset patients receiving different Miglustat dosages. Evaluation of the mean annual change for individual subgroups of patients evidenced minor values in juvenile patients, highlighting better response in such class of patients. Among individual neurological parameters, swallowing showed the minor mean annual change (0.02), indicating better response to therapy. We underline the importance of using a standardized disability scale to quantify and compare neurological features and their evolution over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Maria Ginocchio
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Pediatric Medicine, "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
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Abstract
PURPOSE To compare two methods of composite score generation in dry eye syndrome (DES). METHODS Male patients seen in the Miami Veterans Affairs eye clinic with normal eyelid, corneal, and conjunctival anatomy were recruited to participate in the study. Patients filled out the Dry Eye Questionnaire 5 (DEQ5) and underwent measurement of tear film parameters. DES severity scores were generated by independent component analysis (ICA) and latent class analysis (LCA). RESULTS A total of 247 men were included in the study. Mean age was 69 years (SD 9). Using ICA analysis, osmolarity was found to carry the largest weight, followed by eyelid vascularity and meibomian orifice plugging. Conjunctival injection and tear breakup time (TBUT) carried the lowest weights. Using LCA analysis, TBUT was found to be best at discriminating healthy from diseased eyes, followed closely by Schirmer's test. DEQ5, eyelid vascularity, and conjunctival injection were the poorest at discrimination. The adjusted correlation coefficient between the two generated composite scores was 0.63, indicating that the shared variance was less than 40%. CONCLUSIONS Both ICA and LCA produced composite scores for dry eye severity, with weak to moderate agreement; however, agreement for the relative importance of single diagnostic tests was poor between the two methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig See
- Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center (VAMC), Miami, Florida
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Kreiter CD, Bergus GR. A study of Two Clinical Performance Scores: Assessing the Psychometric Characteristics of a Combined Score Derived from Clinical Evaluation Forms and OSCEs. Med Educ Online 2007; 12:4466. [PMID: 28253099 DOI: 10.3402/meo.v12i.4466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Background/Purpose - It is important to improve the quality of clinical skill assessments. In addition to using the OSCE, the clinical skills of medical students are assessed with clinical evaluation forms (CEFs). The purpose of this study is to examine the psychometric characteristics of an OSCE/CEF composite score. Methods - This study included 2 medical student classes from a large medical school. Students completed approximately 12 OSCEs and were rated over 33 times on a CEF. The reliability of the CEF and OSCE were estimated. A correlation between the mean OSCE score and the mean CEF was calculated and corrected for attenuation. Classical methods were used to examine composite score reliability. Results - For both classes there was a statistically significant correlation between the CEF and OSCE (r = .27 & .42, p = .003 & .0001). The disattenuated correlations were .44 and .68. Weighting the OSCE in the composite score as high as .4 was associated with only a small decrease in composite reliability. Conclusion - These results demonstrate that assessment information based on simulated and actual patient encounters can be combined into a composite. Since a composite score may provide a more valid measure of clinical performance, this study supports using a combined CEF and OSCE measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarence D Kreiter
- a Office of Consultation and Research in Medical Education, Department of Family Medicine
| | - George R Bergus
- b Department of Family Medicine, Performance Based Assessment Program, Office of Student Affairs and Curriculum Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa Iowa City , Iowa , USA
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