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Wang Y, Han T, Liu T, Sun L, Dou B, Xin J, Zhang N. New insights into starch, lipid, and protein interactions - Colon microbiota fermentation. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 335:122113. [PMID: 38616083 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Starch, lipids, and proteins are essential biological macromolecules that play a crucial role in providing energy and nutrition to our bodies. Interactions between these macromolecules have been shown to impact starch digestibility. Understanding and controlling starch digestibility is a key area of research. Investigating the mechanisms behind the interactions of these three components and their influence on starch digestibility is of significant practical importance. Moreover, these interactions can result in the formation of resistant starch, which can be fermented by gut microbiota in the colon, leading to various health benefits. While current research has predominantly focused on the digestive properties of starch in the small intestine, there is a notable gap in understanding the colonic microbial fermentation phase of resistant starch. The benefits of fermentation of resistant starch in the colon may outweigh its glucose-lowering effect in the small intestine. Thus, it is crucial to study the fermentation behavior of resistant starch in the colon. This paper investigates the impact of interactions among starch, lipids, and proteins on starch digestion, with a specific focus on the fermentation phase of indigestible carbohydrates in the colon. Furthermore, valuable insights are offered for guiding future research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, PR China
| | - Tianyu Han
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, PR China
| | - Tianjiao Liu
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, PR China
| | - Lirui Sun
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, PR China
| | - Boxin Dou
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, PR China
| | - Jiaying Xin
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis & Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Na Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, PR China.
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Liu J, Gao T, Xin J, Xia C. Unveiling Optimal Synthesis and Structural Insights of Starch Ferulate via the Mechanoenzymatic Method. Foods 2023; 12:3715. [PMID: 37893608 PMCID: PMC10606065 DOI: 10.3390/foods12203715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, starch ferulate was synthesized employing a mechanoenzymatic method, specifically based on the twin screw extrusion technique and lipase catalysis. The research then primarily centered on optimizing process parameters and conducting structural analysis. Optimal conditions were determined to be 8.2% ferulic acid addition, 66 °C extrusion temperature, and 3.2% lipase (N435) addition. The enzyme-catalyzed time was 30 s. The degree of substitution for starch ferulate was quantified at 0.005581 under these specific conditions. The presence of C=O bonds in the synthesized starch ferulate proved that the synthesis process was efficient. Additionally, the crystal structure underwent reconstruction. Observations through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) demonstrated that the mechanoenzymatic method led to an augmentation in the specific surface area of starch molecules, thereby facilitating the exposure of active sites. This breakthrough underscores the vast potential of mechanoenzymatic techniques to revolutionize the rapid and sustainable synthesis of starch ferulate, marking a pioneering stride in ester synthesis. The insights garnered from this study transcend theory, offering a visionary roadmap for the development and real-world deployment of advanced modified starch esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxue Liu
- Key Laboratory for Food Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Tingting Gao
- Key Laboratory for Food Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Jiaying Xin
- Key Laboratory for Food Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis & Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chungu Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis & Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Song W, Xin J, Yu C, Xia C, Pan Y. Alkyl ferulic acid esters: Evaluating their structure and antibacterial properties. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1135308. [PMID: 36860482 PMCID: PMC9968881 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1135308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferulic acid (FA) is a natural antibacterial agent rich in plants, FA has excellent antioxidant and antibacterial properties. However, because of its short alkane chain and large polarity, FA is difficult to penetrate the soluble lipid bilayer in the biofilm to enter the cell to play an inhibitory role, limiting its biological activity. To improve the antibacterial activity of FA, with the catalytic condition of Novozym 435, four alkyl ferulic acid esters (FCs) with different alkyl chain lengths were obtained by fatty alcohols (including 1-propanol (C3), 1-hexanol (C6), nonanol (C9), and lauryl alcohol (C12)) modification. The effect of FCs on P. aeruginosa was determined by Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC), Growth curves, alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity, crystal violet method, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), membrane potential, PI, cell contents leakage. Results showed that the antibacterial activity of FCs increased after esterification, and the antibacterial activity significantly increased and then decreased with the extension of the alkyl chain of the FCs. Hexyl ferulate (FC6) showed the best antibacterial activities against E. coli and P. aeruginosa (MIC for E. coli was 0.5 mg/ml, MIC for P. aeruginosa was 0.4 mg/ml). And Propyl ferulate (FC3) and FC6 showed the best antibacterial activities S. aureus and B. subtilis (MIC for S. aureus was 0.4 mg/ml, The MIC of B. subtilis was 1.1 mg/ml). In addition, the growth, AKP activity, bacterial biofilm, bacterial cell morphology, membrane potential and cell contents leakage of P. aeruginosa after different FCs were investigated, which found that FCs could damage the cell wall of P. aeruginosa and showed different effects on the P. aeruginosa cell biofilm. FC6 showed the best inhibition on the biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa cells, which caused the surface of P. aeruginosa cells to be rough and wrinkled. Some P. aeruginosa cells showed aggregation and adhesion, even rupture. The membrane hyperpolarization was obvious, which appeared as holes, leading to cell contents leakage (protein and nucleic acid). All these results concluded that the antibacterial activities FCs against foodborne pathogens depended on different fatty alcohol esterification of FA. FC6 showed the best inhibition on P. aeruginosa due to its effect on P. aeruginosa cell walls and biofilms and the leak of the cell contents. This study provides more practical methods and a theoretical basis for giving full play to the bacteriostatic effect of plant FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- Key Laboratory for Food Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
| | - Jiaying Xin
- Key Laboratory for Food Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China,State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China,*Correspondence: Jiaying Xin, ✉
| | - Chong Yu
- Institute of Microbiology Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Chungu Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yu Pan
- Institute of Microbiology Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
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Wang Y, Liu T, Xie J, Cheng M, Sun L, Zhang S, Xin J, Zhang N. A review on application of molecular simulation technology in food molecules interaction. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:1873-1881. [PMID: 36276243 PMCID: PMC9579209 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular simulation is a new technology to analyze the interaction between molecules. This review mainly summarizes the application of molecular simulation technology in the food industry. This technology has been employed to assess structural changes of biomolecules, the interaction between components, and the mechanism of physical and chemical property alterations. These conclusions provide a deeper understanding of the molecular interaction mechanism in foods, break through the limitations of scientific experiments and avoid blind and time-consuming scientific research. In this paper, the advantages and development trends of molecular simulation technology in the food research field are described. This methodology can be used to contribute to further studies of the mechanism of molecular interactions in food, confirm experimental results and provide new ideas for research in the field of food sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, PR China
| | - Tianjiao Liu
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, PR China
| | - Jinhui Xie
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, PR China
| | - Meijia Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, PR China
| | - Lirui Sun
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, PR China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, PR China
| | - Jiaying Xin
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, PR China,State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis & Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Na Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, PR China,Corresponding author.
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Huang S, Yang C, Xin J, Xie R, Yang X, Zhang R, Li X, Zhang B, Lei S, Hong L, Dong X, Li H. Outcomes of Methadone Maintenance Therapy Combined with Rilpivirine/Efavirenz in Treatment-Naive HIV-Infected Patients. Curr HIV Res 2021; 19:368-376. [PMID: 33902415 DOI: 10.2174/1570162x19666210423123958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Injecting drugs is associated with a high risk of HIV infection, alongside the risk of a drug overdose and mental health problems. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) combined with rilpivirine (RPV)-based regimens on drug use of HIV individuals. METHODS This study was a prospective, open-label, controlled, drug-drug interaction trial at a single center for 24 weeks. Participants on stable MMT were randomly divided into two groups administered RPV/TDF/3TC (RPV group) and EFV/TDF/3TC (EFV group), respectively. Adjustment doses of methadone were monitored for 12 weeks. HIV-1 RNA was used to evaluate the effects of antiretroviral therapy at week 24. Acute opioid withdrawal-, drug craving questionnaire- and MOSHIV scales were used to assess study outcomes. RESULTS 22 and 18 cases of HIV-infected drug users were recruited in the RPV and EFV groups, respectively. Thirty-one cases had completed monitoring and clinical evaluation at week 24. In the RPV and EFV groups, 32% and 56% of the participants had methadone dose adjustment, respectively, indicating a significantly lower rate in the RPV group. The rates of individuals with HIV RNA levels from 50-500 copies/ml were 94% (RPV group) and 90% (EFV group). The drug craving questionnaire scale scores decreased in both groups. After one week of treatments, acute opioid withdrawal scale scores increased in both groups, with no significant difference between them. CONCLUSION Concomitant administration of RPV does not significantly affect methadone and could decrease withdrawal symptoms. An RPV-based regimen may be used as first-line treatment in IDUs with HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhen Huang
- Antiviral Clinic Department, Yunnan Infectious Disease Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Cuixian Yang
- Clinical Laboratory, Yunnan Infectious Disease Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Jiaying Xin
- Antiviral Clinic Department, Yunnan Infectious Disease Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Ronghui Xie
- Antiviral Clinic Department, Yunnan Infectious Disease Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Xinping Yang
- Infectious Department, Yunnan Infectious Disease Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Ruimin Zhang
- Social Service Department, Yunnan Institute for Drug Abuse, Kunming, China
| | - Xia Li
- Infectious Department, Yunnan Infectious Disease Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Social Service Department, Yunnan Institute for Drug Abuse, Kunming, China
| | - Suyun Lei
- Science research and Education Department, Yunnan Institute for Drug Abuse, Kunming, China
| | - Lizhu Hong
- Science research and Education Department, Yunnan Institute for Drug Abuse, Kunming, China
| | - Xingqi Dong
- Clinical Laboratory, Yunnan Infectious Disease Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Huiqin Li
- Antiviral Clinic Department, Yunnan Infectious Disease Hospital, Kunming, China
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Liu C, Zhang L, Yang J, Zhang W, Wang Q, Zhang J, Xin J, Chen S. Study on the nutritional value and ruminal degradation characteristics of fermented waste vinegar residue by N. sitophila. Trop Anim Health Prod 2019; 51:1449-1454. [PMID: 30719611 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-019-01822-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chemical composition and rumen degradability of waste vinegar residue (WVR) as roughage feed used for mutton sheep were evaluated in this work. Compared with the unfermented WVR, the WVR fermented by N. sitophila had more (P < 0.01) ash, crude protein (CP), and true protein (TP), less (P < 0.01) ether extract (EE), and significantly more carotenoid by about 27 times. But the contents of dry matter (DM), crude fiber (CF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) had no obvious differences (P > 0.05) between unfermented and fermented WVR. The results suggested that the nutritional value of fermented WVR was higher for mutton sheep as roughage feed than that of unfermented WVR. The effective degradability (ED) of DM was higher (P < 0.05) in sheep with fermented WVR-based diet. The ED of CP and NDF of fermented WVR was reduced (P < 0.01) compared with the unfermented WVR. The results further suggested that the fermentation improved the degradability of WVR, and the rumen degradability of protein by ruminal flora decreased in fermented WVR, saving more protein for the sheep post-ruminal digestion and absorption. Furthermore, the results presented here clearly indicated the potential of fermented WVR by N. sitophila as an unconventional and functional feedstuff with rich carotenoid for ruminants, which could reduce WVR discharge in vinegar brewing industry and improve ruminant production. This work laid a foundation for the development of ruminant carotenoid functional feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ci Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, 030801, Taigu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, 030801, Taigu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiye Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, 030801, Taigu, People's Republic of China.,Shanxi Animal Genetic and Breeding Center, 030027, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjia Zhang
- Animal Husbandry Bureau of Youyu County, 037200, Youyu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, 030801, Taigu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, 030801, Taigu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaying Xin
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, 150076, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuming Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, 030801, Taigu, People's Republic of China.
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Li A, Yang F, Xin J, Bai X. An efficient and long-acting local anesthetic: ropivacaine-loaded lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles for the control of pain. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:913-920. [PMID: 30774342 PMCID: PMC6362966 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s190164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Local anesthetics are used clinically for the control of pain following operation (including gastrointestinal surgery) or for the management of other acute and chronic pain. This study aimed to develop a kind of lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPNs), which were constructed using poly(ethylene glycol)-distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine (PEG-DSPE) as the hydrophilic lipid shell and poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) as the hydrophobic polymeric core. Methods Ropivacaine (RPV) was entrapped in the LPNs (RPV-LPNs) and the physicochemical and biochemical properties such as size, zeta potential, drug release, and cytotoxicity were studied. The long-lasting effects and safety aspects of the LPNs were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Results The particle size and zeta potential of RPV-LPNs were 112.3±2.6 nm and −33.2±3.2 mV, with an entrapment efficiency (EE) of 90.2%±3.7%. Ex vivo permeation efficiency of LPNs was better than the drug solution. The RPV-LPNs exhibited a long-lasting in vivo anesthesia effect in both rats and mice. Conclusion Considering the low cytotoxicity, the LPNs prepared here could be used as an efficient local anesthetic for the control of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China,
| | - Feng Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Jiaying Xin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China,
| | - Xuebo Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China,
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Xin J, Dou B, Wang Z, Wang Y, Xia C, Liu Z. Direct Electrochemistry of Methanobactin Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles on Au Electrode. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2018; 18:4805-4813. [PMID: 29442660 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2018.15304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mathanobatins (Mb, Mbtins) were immobilized successfully on nanometer-sized gold colloid particles associated with β-mercaptoethylamine. The structures of Mb functionalized gold nanoparticles were characterized and confirmed by UV-vis spectroscopy (UV-vis), FTIR spectra and electrochemical analyses. Direct electron transfer between Mb or copper-loading Mbtins and the modified electrode was investigated without the aid of any electron mediator. The copper-loading Mbtins act as a better electrocatalyst for the reduction of H2O2 than Mb. The copper-loading Mb, with which gold nanoparticles were functionalized, as a model enzyme, was immobilized on gold electrode to construct a novel H2O2 biosensor. In pH 6.4 phosphate buffer solution, the reduction and oxidation peak potentials of Mb functionalized gold nanoparticles modified Au electrode (copper-loading Mbtins) were 0.115 and 0.222 V. On the surface, capacitance per unite area (Cd) of Mb functionalized gold nanoparticles modified electrode were 38 μF cm-2. The immobilized Mb displayed the features of a peroxidase and gave an excellent electrocatalytic response to the reduction of H2O2. The detection limit of Mb functionalized gold nanoparticles (copper-loading) were 09 × 10-5 mA/M (S/N = 3). The Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) was 0.787 mM. Good stability and sensitivity were assessed for the biosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Xin
- Key Laboratory for Food Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Boxin Dou
- Key Laboratory for Food Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Food Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Food Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Chungu Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Zhongfan Liu
- Chemistry College of Beijing University, Beijing 100871, China
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Xin JY, Cong HL. [A meta-analysis on the association between genetic polymorphisms of osteoprotegerin and cardiovascular disease]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2018; 46:485-492. [PMID: 29925187 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the association between genetic polymorphisms of rs2073617T/C (950T/C) and rs2073618G/C(1181G/C) in the osteoprotegerin gene and cardiovascular disease with meta-analysis. Methods: A computer-based search for the study of relationship between genetic polymorphisms of rs2073617T/C and rs2073618G/C in the osteoprotegerin gene and cardiovascular disease were performed in electronic databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), China Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang Database, Chinese Journal Full-text Database, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Library, supplemented by manual search, from the beginning of library to February 28, 2017. The quality of the included studies were assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) scoring system. Data were analyzed using STATA 12.0 software. Results: Eleven clinical case-control studies that enrolled 2 115 patients with cardiovascular disease and 1 467 healthy subjects were included.The results indicated that osteoprotegerin gene polymorphisms of rs2073617T/C and rs2073618G/C might be closely associated with the susceptibility to cardiovascular disease(rs2073617T/C allele model: OR=0.79, 95%CI 0.73-0.87, P=0.001;rs2073618G/C M allele and W allele: OR=0.83, 95%CI 0.74-0.92, P=0.001). The osteoprotegerin gene polymorphisms of rs2073617T/C and rs2073618G/C were significantly related to the incidence of coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndrome(coronary artery disease allele model: OR=0.83, 95%CI 0.75-0.92, P=0.001; acute coronary syndrome allele model: OR=0.73, 95%CI 0.62-0.85, P<0.001). However, there was no significant correlation between the genetic polymorphisms of these two sites and the lesion vessel number of coronary artery (rs2073617T/C allele model:OR=1.00, 95%CI 0.81-1.24, P=0.985;rs2073618G/C allele model:OR=0.98, 95%CI 0.80-1.21, P=0.626). Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction(PCR-LDR) evidenced the association between osteoprotegerin gene polymorphisms and cardiovascular disease(allele model: OR=0.79, 95%CI 0.72-0.86, P<0.001), but no obvious relationship was found with fluorogenic quantitative detection and molecularprobe(allele model: OR=0.86, 95%CI 0.65-1.12, P=0.263). Conclusion: This meta-analysis indicates that the osteoprotegerin gene polymorphisms of rs2073617T/C and rs2073618G/C may be closely related to the increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Xin
- Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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Li N, Liu YS, Xin JY, Ma XL, Mei XL, Shi ZQ, Li G, Sun ZH. [Efficiency of the Modified Ottawa ankle rules for the differential diagnosis of fracture in acute foot and ankle injury]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017; 97:2742-2745. [PMID: 28954331 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2017.35.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the efficiency of modified Ottawa Ankle Rules (OAR) for the differential diagnosis of fractures in acute foot and ankle injuries. Methods: From October 2016 to December 2016, 272cases (135 males and 137 females) of foot and ankle injury in emergency department of Tianjin Hospital were prospective enrolled in the study.The median age was 27.5 years (7-87); left limb 155, right 117 cases; injury time ranged from 0.3 to 24 h (median 4 h). Conventional and modified OAR was applied on physical examination, subsequently radiography performed to determine the occurrence of fractures.The efficiency of the two methods were compared and analyzed. Results: Fractures were found in 100 cases (36.8%), 49 cases of ankle and 51 cases of foot fractures.With the imaging results as the standard, the sensitivity for conventional and modified OAR were 93.0% and 100%, specificity were 9.9% and 8.7%, the positive predictive value were 37.5% and 38.9%, the negative predictive value were 70.8% and 100%, the accuracy were 40.4% and 42.3%, missed diagnosis rate were 7% and 0% respectively.The sensitivity, positive likelihood ratio, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy, negative likelihood ratio and missed diagnosis ratio were better than in modified OAR compared with Conventional OAR, while the specificity was slightly lower compared to Conventional OAR.The Kappa value of modified OAR was 0.065 (P>0.05), which is better than conventional OAR.Conventional OAR can reduce 6.3% (17/272) X-ray and modified OAR decline 5.5% (15/272). Conclusion: Modified OAR significantly reduces the rate of missed diagnosis of foot fractures, but its specificity is poor. Ultrasound can be assisted to improve the specificity and reduce the number of unnecessary X-rays.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
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Sun ZH, Li N, Xin JY, Liu J, Ren ZS, Sun HJ. [Medial anterior flange overhang related to the prosthesis selection determined by femoral sizer in total knee arthroplasty]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 96:3811-3814. [PMID: 28057096 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.47.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the medial anterior flange overhang related to the femoral prosthesis size determined by femoral sizer in total knee arthroplasty. Methods: Sixty one cases of varus knee osteoarthritis (61 knees) were analyzed from January 2014 to January 2015, 14 males and 47 females, aged (66.8±6.8) year old. 3D models of distal femur were established by Mimics, total knee arthroplasty surgeries were simulated and the medial and lateral femoral condylar anteroposterior diameter were measured. According to the AP diameter of lateral femoral condyle (lateral condyle group) and femoral sizer (sizer group), different size of the PFC Sigma femoral prosthesis models were imported to mimics, and the coverage of medial anterior femoral flange were compared. Results: The AP diameter of lateral femoral condyle[(55.76±3.64) mm]was significantly less than the sizer group[(57.02±3.59) mm], P<0.05. The distal femur aspect ratio for male (1.2 %±0.1%) and female (1.2%±0.1%) has no statistically difference (P>0.05). Femoral prosthesis sizes, the uncoverage diameter of the anterior chamfer line, midpoint of the flange in the sizer group were significantly larger than the lateral condyle group (P<0.05). The femoral size, overhang ratio of anterior chamfer line and midpoint of the flange in male were significantly larger than females (P<0.05). Conclusion: The AP diameter determined by femoral sizer instrument had a tendency to larger prosthesis, and the risks of medial femoral anterior flange overhang increased. Medial anterior flange overhang in male was significantly less than female, but the difference had no correlation to the distal femur asepect ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z H Sun
- Department of Joint Surgery, Tianjin People's Hospital, Tianjin 300191, China
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Xin JY, Zhang LX, Chen DD, Lin K, Fan HC, Wang Y, Xia CG. Colorimetric detection of melamine based on methanobactin-mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles. Food Chem 2014; 174:473-9. [PMID: 25529708 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.11.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A simple and rapid field-portable colorimetric method for the detection of melamine in liquid milk was reported. Methanobactin (Mb) could reduce Au (III) to Au (0) and mediate the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs). Upon the addition of melamine, melamine interacted with oxazolone ring of Mb, which interrupted the formation of Au-NPs. Melamine could also stimulate the aggregation of formed Au-NPs. In this paper, these characteristics have been used to detect melamine in liquid milk by naked eyes observation with a detection limit of 5.56 × 10(-6)M (0.7 mg/kg). Further, the plasmon absorbance of the formed Au-NPs allowed the quantitative detection of melamine by UV-vis spectrometer. A linear correlation was existed between the absorbance and the melamine concentration ranging from 3.90 × 10(-7)M to 3.97 × 10(-6)M with a correlation coefficient of 0.9685. The detection limit (3σ) obtained by UV-vis spectrum was as low as 2.38 × 10(-7)M (i.e., 0.03 mg/kg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-ying Xin
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis & Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lan-xuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-dan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Lin
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-chen Fan
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-gu Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis & Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
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Wang Y, Xin J, Shi J, Wu W, Xia C. A kinetic study of starch palmitate synthesis by immobilized lipase-catalyzed esterification in solvent free system. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Xin JY, Cheng DD, Zhang LX, Lin K, Fan HC, Wang Y, Xia CG. Methanobactin-mediated one-step synthesis of gold nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:21676-88. [PMID: 24189217 PMCID: PMC3856028 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141121676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Preparation of gold nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution has enormous importance in nanotechnology. Methanobactin (Mb) is a copper-binding small peptide that appears to function as an agent for copper sequestration and uptake in methanotrophs. Mb can also bind and catalytically reduce Au (III) to Au (0). In this study, we demonstrate a facile Mb-mediated one-step synthetic route to prepare monodispersed gold nanoparticles. Continuous reduction of Au (III) by Mb can be achieved by using hydroquinone as the reducing agent. The gold nanoparticles have been characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy. The formation and the surface plasmon resonance properties of the gold nanoparticles are highly dependent on the ratio of Au (III) to Mb in solution. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), fluorescence spectra and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra suggest that Mb molecules catalytically reduce Au (III) to Au (0) with the concomitant production of gold nanoparticles, and then, Mb statically adsorbed onto the surface of gold nanoparticles to form an Mb-gold nanoparticles assembly. This avoids secondary nucleation. The formed gold nanoparticles have been demonstrated to be monodispersed and uniform by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. Analysis of these particles shows an average size of 14.9 nm with a standard deviation of 1.1 nm. The gold nanoparticles are extremely stable and can resist aggregation, even after several months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-ying Xin
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; E-Mails: (D.C.); (K.L.); (H.F.); (L.Z.); (Y.W.)
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis & Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel./Fax: +86-451-8483-8194
| | - Dan-dan Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; E-Mails: (D.C.); (K.L.); (H.F.); (L.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Lan-xuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; E-Mails: (D.C.); (K.L.); (H.F.); (L.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Kai Lin
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; E-Mails: (D.C.); (K.L.); (H.F.); (L.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Hong-chen Fan
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; E-Mails: (D.C.); (K.L.); (H.F.); (L.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; E-Mails: (D.C.); (K.L.); (H.F.); (L.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Chun-gu Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis & Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; E-Mail:
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Li W, Chen L, Wu C, Xin J. Analysis of the Essential Oil from Seed of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance Cultivated in Northeast China. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.14233/ajchem.2013.13945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Xin JY, Chen LL, Zhang YX, Zhang S, Xia CG. Lipase-catalyzed transesterification of ethyl ferulate with triolein in solvent-free medium. Food and Bioproducts Processing 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2010.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Xin JY, Zhao YJ, Zhao GL, Zheng Y, Ma XS, Xia CG, Li SB. Enzymatic resolution of (R,S)-Naproxen in water-saturated ionic liquid. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10242420500292401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
A trapped aqueous-organic biphase system for the continuous production of (S)-(+)-2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl) propionic acid (Naproxen) has been developed. The process consists of a stereoselective hydrolysis of the racemic Naproxen methyl ester by Candida rugosa lipase in a trapped aqueous-organic biphase system. The reaction has been carried out in a laboratory-scale continuous-flow stirred tank reactor (CSTR). The staring material has been supplied in and remaining substrate recovered by organic phase. YWG-C(6)H(5), a poorly polar synthetic support, has been employed to immobilize the lipase and to restrict the aqueous phase. Lipase immobilized on YWG-C(6)H(5) containing aqueous phase has been added into the CSTR to catalyze the hydrolysis. A dialysis membrane tube containing a continuous flow closed-loop buffer has been applied in the CSTR for the extraction of product and recruiting of the aqueous part consumed. Various reaction conditions have been studied. The activity of immobilized enzyme was effected by the polarity of support, the substrate concentration, logP value of organic phase and the product inhibition. At steady-state operating conditions, an initial conversion of 35% has been obtained. The CSTR was allowed to operate continuously for 60 days at 30 degrees C with a 30% loss of activity. The hydrolysis reaction yielded (S)-(+)-Naproxen with >90% enantiomeric excess and overall conversion of 30%.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples Republic of China
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Xin JY, Li SB, Xu Y, Wang LL, Shen RN. [Enzymatic resolution of racemic naproxen in a low aqueous-organic biphase system]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2000; 16:55-9. [PMID: 10883277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
A stereoselective hydrolysis of the racemic naproxen methyl ester by immobilized lipase from Candida rugosa in a low aqueous-organic biphase system was studied. Support polar, water content, the logP value of organic phase and product inhibition effected the activity of immobilized enzyme. According to these reaction conditions, a low aqueous-organic biphase system for the continuous production of (S)-(+)-Naproxen was developed. The reaction was carried out in a continuous-flow closed-loop 50 mL stirred bioreactor packed with YWG-C6H5, a poorly polar synthetic support on which the lipase had been immobilized by adsorption. The aqueous phase was permanently remained in the reactor associated with the immobilized enzyme particles; the organic phase containing substrate was pumped through this reactor and emerged with the products. The continous-flow stirred bioreactor containing 75 mg lipase was allowed to operate continuously for 60 days at 30 degrees C with a 25% loss of activity, 900 mg of (S)-(+)-Naproxen (eep 95%) were producted.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Xin
- OSSO, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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