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Lyu CC, Meng Y, Che HY, Suo JL, He YT, Zheng Y, Jiang H, Zhang JB, Yuan B. MSI2 Modulates Unsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism by Binding FASN in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:20359-20371. [PMID: 38059915 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of fatty acid metabolism is crucial for milk flavor and quality. Therefore, it is important to explore the genes that play a role in fatty acid metabolism and their mechanisms of action. The RNA-binding protein Musashi2 (MSI2) is involved in the regulation of numerous biological processes and plays a regulatory role in post-transcriptional translation. However, its role in the mammary glands of dairy cows has not been reported. The present study examined MSI2 expression in mammary glands from lactating and dry milk cows. Experimental results in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) showed that MSI2 was negatively correlated with the ability to synthesize milk fat and that MSI2 decreased the content of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) in BMECs. Silencing of Msi2 increased triglyceride accumulation in BMECs and increased the proportion of UFAs. MSI2 affects TAG synthesis and milk fat synthesis by regulating fatty acid synthase (FASN). In addition, RNA immunoprecipitation experiments in BMECs demonstrated for the first time that MSI2 can bind to the 3'-UTR of FASN mRNA to exert a regulatory effect. In conclusion, MSI2 affects milk fat synthesis and fatty acid metabolism by regulating the triglyceride synthesis and UFA content through binding FASN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Chen Lyu
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Yu Meng
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Hao-Yu Che
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Jin-Long Suo
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yun-Tong He
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Jia-Bao Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Bao Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
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Zeng WL, Suo JL, Jian FF. 3-(4-Methoxybenzylidene)-1,5-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane-2,4-dione. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2010; 66:o2837. [PMID: 21589023 PMCID: PMC3009085 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536810040675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2010] [Accepted: 10/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Gomez-Flores R, Suo JL, Weber RJ. Suppression of splenic macrophage functions following acute morphine action in the rat mesencephalon periaqueductal gray. Brain Behav Immun 1999; 13:212-24. [PMID: 10469523 DOI: 10.1006/brbi.1999.0563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Morphine action in the periaqueductal gray (PAG) matter of the mesencephalon suppresses T cell proliferation and NK cell activity through actions at mu opioid receptors. We investigated the effect of acute microinjection of morphine in the rat PAG on macrophage function. We found that morphine injection in the PAG significantly (p <.01) suppressed nitric oxide production by untreated (82 +/- 23% suppression), IFN-gamma-primed (57 +/- 11% suppression), and LPS-activated (50 +/- 7% suppression) splenic macrophages and did not alter macrophage viability. In contrast, IFN-gamma- and LPS-activated macrophages from PAG-injected saline rats generated an increased output of nitric oxide, which was associated with significant (p <.01) reduction in cell viability. Morphine significantly (p <.01) inhibited TNF-alpha production by LPS-activated macrophages (28 +/- 8% inhibition compared with PAG-injected saline rats). In addition, morphine significantly (p <. 05) inhibited phagocytosis of Candida albicans by resident macrophages (40 +/- 20% inhibition compared with that of macrophages from PAG-injected saline rats). Responses of resident or activated macrophages from PAG-injected saline and untreated control groups did not differ significantly. The results of this ex vivo study suggest that suppressive effects of morphine on macrophage functions may contribute to increased susceptibility to infectious diseases and cancer associated with drug abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gomez-Flores
- Department of Biomedical and Therapeutic Sciences, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois 61656, USA
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Brinkman WJ, Hall DM, Suo JL, Weber RJ. Centrally-mediated opioid-induced immunosuppression. Elucidation of sympathetic nervous system involvement. Adv Exp Med Biol 1998; 437:43-9. [PMID: 9666255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Opioid-induced modulation of the immune system is a complex phenomenon involving opioid receptors, central and sympathetic neural pathways, catecholamine receptors, and other regulatory mechanisms. The precise neural pathways involved in centrally-mediated immune modulation are not currently defined. In addition, the physiological purpose for endogenous opioid modulation of the immune system is not well understood. Perhaps this modulation phenomenon represents an integral feedback loop within a much larger homeostatic control system. Indeed, the role of the HPA axis in immune regulation can not be discarded, and in fact, probably serves to balance immune function, in concert with multiple feedback systems, around some undiscovered parameter of efficiency. Perhaps the physiological role of endogenous opioid control is to act as a monitor poised to subvert chronic inflammatory processes and autoimmune disorders. Regardless of the evolutionary heritage of this and despite the overwhelming complexity of immune regulation, important work substantiating a bidirectional communication link between the brain and the immune system has created a foundation for further elucidation of the intricacies of immunoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Brinkman
- Department of Biomedical and Therapeutic Sciences, University of Illinois, College of Medicine, Peoria 61656, USA
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Abstract
Opioids have been hypothesized to suppress parameters of immune function by acting within the central nervous system to increase the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. Production of catecholamines and adrenocorticoids have been demonstrated to be responsible for many of the observed immunomodulatory effects which occur following opioid administration. In general, the sympathetic nervous system has been shown to play a role in regulating lymphocyte proliferation and natural killer cell activity as well as several other parameters of immune function. Here, we will focus primarily on the role of the sympathetic nervous system in modulating opioid induced immunosuppression. The role of the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis is reviewed elsewhere in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Hall
- Department of Biomedical and Therapeutic Sciences, University of Illinois, College of Medicine, Peoria 61656-1649, USA
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Suo JL. [Studies on the anticarcinogenic and immunomodulatory actions of 4-seleno-carrageenan]. Sheng Li Ke Xue Jin Zhan 1996; 27:43-6. [PMID: 8731982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We have systematically observed in the present study the anticarcinogenic and immunomodulatory effects of 4-Seleno-carageenan (Se-carra) as well as their possible mechanisms of actions in vivo and in vitro. It was found that se-carra had inhibitory effects on tumor growth in vivo and in vitro. The underlying mechanisms of this tumor suppressive effect may be related with the activation of macrophages, followed by the indirect priming of lymphocytes to release effector molecules such as IL-2, to express IL-2 receptors, and to selectively suppress the synthesis of macromolecules in tumor cells. The results imply that Se-carra has dual functions of tumor cell-killing effect and immunostimulating effect, therefore may serve as a novel immuno-cytotoxic anticarcinogenic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Suo
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Medical University
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