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Baldasso DZ, Guizzo JA, Dazzi CC, Paraboni Frandoloso GC, Feronato C, von Berg S, Carvalho Guedes RM, Wilson HL, Kreutz LC, Frandoloso R. Development and validation of a flow cytometry antibody test for Lawsonia intracellularis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1145072. [PMID: 37033985 PMCID: PMC10073966 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1145072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lawsonia intracellularis is the etiologic agent of porcine proliferative enteropathy (PPE), an inflammatory bowel disease with a major economic impact on the pig industry. The serological diagnosis of PPE can be performed using Blocking or Indirect ELISA, Immunoperoxidase Monolayer Assay (IPMA) and Indirect Fluorescence Antibody Test (IFAT). Here, we designed a most sophisticated immunological method for the detection of porcine anti-L. intracellularis IgGs, named Flow Cytometry Antibody Test - FCAT. This assay uses whole, live-attenuated L. intracellularis bacteria derived from a commercial vaccine. For the assay, we set up the optimal antigen concentration (106 bacterium/assay), primary antibody dilution (1:100), time of incubation (20 min), antigen stability (15 days), precision (coefficient of variation - CV < 10%), reproducibility (CV ≤ 13%) and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC). When using a cut-off of >15.15% for FCAT, we determined that it showed a sensitivity of 98.8% and specificity of 100%. The rate of agreement with IPMA was 84.09% with a kappa index of 0.66. FCAT was used to screen 1,000 sera from non-vaccinated pigs housed in 22 different farms and we found that 730 pigs (73%) from 16 farms (72.7%) had L. intracellularis IgG. This high prevalence confirms that L. intracellularis is endemic on Brazilian pig farms. Finally, we determined that FCAT is an easy to perform diagnostic assay and we would highly recommend it for: i) seroepidemiological studies; ii) evaluation of infection dynamics; and iii) characterization of the humoral response profile induced by vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Zini Baldasso
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | | | - Cláudia Cerutti Dazzi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
- Section of Immunology, AFK Imunotech, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | | | - César Feronato
- Swine Technical Department, Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stephan von Berg
- Global Marketing Swine, Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD), Animal Health, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Heather Lynne Wilson
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Luiz Carlos Kreutz
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
- Section of Immunology, AFK Imunotech, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Frandoloso
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
- Section of Immunology, AFK Imunotech, Passo Fundo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Rafael Frandoloso,
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Dellagostin D, Klein RL, Giacobbo I, Guizzo JA, Dazzi CC, Prigol SR, Martín CBG, Kreutz LC, Schryvers AB, Frandoloso R. TbpB Y167A-based vaccine is safe in pregnant sows and induces high titers of maternal derived antibodies that reduce Glaesserella parasuis colonization in piglets. Vet Microbiol 2023; 276:109630. [PMID: 36525718 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glässer's disease is one of the main diseases affecting young piglets, particularly during the nursery phase, that can significantly impact pork production. Vaccination of sows has the potential to prevent Glaesserella parasuis infection during the first weeks of life that is to a substantial degree due to the transfer of maternal derived antibodies (MDA) in colostrum. In this study we compare the antibody response to two vaccines administered to pregnant sows. A subunit vaccine containing the mutant transferrin-binding protein, TbpBY167A, and an autogenous vaccine formulated with the LM96/20 strain of G. parasuis (SV4) administered on days 65 and 86 of the gestational period were safe and induced high titers of antibodies in sows. The IgG peak was reached on day 100 of gestation, and the translocation of IgG to the mammary gland was confirmed in colostrum at the time of delivery. Piglets born from vaccinated sows maintained positive IgG titers against TbpBY167A or G. parasuis SV4 for the duration of the experiment (35 days of life). Piglets born from sows vaccinated with the TbpBY167A-based vaccine had a significantly (p = 0.001) lower load of G. parasuis in the respiratory tract compared to those born from sows vaccinated with the autogenous vaccine. Finally, we demonstrate that the LM96/20 (SV4) strain is highly virulent and a primary agent of Glässer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Dellagostin
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, RS 99052-900, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Luiza Klein
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, RS 99052-900, Brazil
| | - Igor Giacobbo
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, RS 99052-900, Brazil
| | - João Antônio Guizzo
- Setor de Bacteriologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Luiz Carlos Kreutz
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, RS 99052-900, Brazil
| | - Anthony Bernard Schryvers
- Department of Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Rafael Frandoloso
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, RS 99052-900, Brazil.
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Picetti TS, Soveral LDF, Miotto R, Erpen LMS, Kreutz Y, Guizzo JA, Frandoloso R, Kreutz LC. Orally administered β-glucan improves the hemolytic activity of the complement system in horses. Vet World 2021; 14:835-840. [PMID: 34083928 PMCID: PMC8167517 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.835-840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Immune-modulating molecules mainly act on innate immune cells, which are central to early defense against invading pathogens and contribute to developing adaptive immunity. Yeast-extracted β-glucan, a model immune-modulating molecule, is widely used in several animal species; however, its effect on horse immune parameters has not been thoroughly investigated yet. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of orally administered β-glucan on selected innate immune parameters in horses. Materials and Methods: Eighteen thoroughbred horses were assigned equally into three groups as follows: One control group (no β-glucan) and two β-glucan experimental groups (one received 125 mg and the other 2 g of β-glucan per day for 28 days). Blood samples were collected before and at the end of the experiment for hematological analysis, whole blood phagocytosis, respiratory burst assays, and to assess the serum lysozyme and complement hemolytic activities. Results: At the end of the experiment, significant decreases (p<0.05) in monocyte numbers were observed in the control horses (258.8±45.9 vs. 115.3±41.5) and in those fed 125 mg/day of β-glucan (208.8±72.3 vs. 99.2±60.7), whereas a significant increase in numbers was noted in the horses that were fed 2 g/day of β-glucan (303.5±45.8 vs. 429.8±86.0; p<0.05). The natural hemolytic activity of the complement was higher only in horses fed 2 g/day of β-glucan (p=0.018) compared to the other groups. The hemolytic activity in the classical pathway was higher in those fed 125 mg/day (p=0.0035) and 2 g/day of β-glucan (p=0.0001). Conclusion: β-glucan improves important innate immune parameters and might be fed to horses before stressful events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taline Scalco Picetti
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia Avançada, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Passo Fundo, 99052-900 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas de Figueiredo Soveral
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia Avançada, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Passo Fundo, 99052-900 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Rovian Miotto
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia Avançada, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Passo Fundo, 99052-900 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Luana Marina Scheer Erpen
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia Avançada, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Passo Fundo, 99052-900 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Yasmin Kreutz
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia Avançada, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Passo Fundo, 99052-900 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - João Antônio Guizzo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Frandoloso
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia Avançada, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Passo Fundo, 99052-900 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Kreutz
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia Avançada, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Passo Fundo, 99052-900 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
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Dazzi CC, Guizzo JA, Prigol SR, Kreutz LC, Driemeier D, Chaudhuri S, Schryvers AB, Frandoloso R. New Pathological Lesions Developed in Pigs by a "Non-virulent" Strain of Glaesserella parasuis. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:98. [PMID: 32158772 PMCID: PMC7052124 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaesserella parasuis is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes Glässer's disease, a common pathology found in young pigs characterized by polyarthritis, polyserositis, and meningitis. The bacterium has 15 known serovars that have been classified by virulence. Serovars 1, 4, 5, and 12 are considered highly virulent and used in most studies. Serovars 3, 6, 7, 9, and 11 are considered avirulent. Recent reports that serovar 7 is an emerging problem in the pig industry indicate that the association of virulence and serovar may not always be reliable. This led us to infect colostrum-deprived piglets with the reference serovar 7 strain (SV7 strain 174) that had been passaged through pigs and characterize the clinical and pathological signs. We observed that SV7 strain 174 caused clinical signs consistent with Glässer's disease in all infected piglets that succumbed to infection for up to day 5 post-infection. Macroscopic and microscopic lesions were consistent with those found in piglets infected with conventional virulent serovars. In addition, we describe novel microscopic lesions associated with Glässer's disease such as endophthalmitis and thymic depletion. Thus, our findings indicate that SV7 strain 174 causes classical signs of Glässer's disease in colostrum-deprived piglets and some caution should be used in employing vaccine strategies based on association between capsular serovar and virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Cerutti Dazzi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - João Antônio Guizzo
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - Simone Ramos Prigol
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Kreutz
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - David Driemeier
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Somshukla Chaudhuri
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Anthony Bernard Schryvers
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Rafael Frandoloso
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
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Kowalski AP, Maboni G, Gressler LT, Espíndola JP, Balzan C, Tasca C, Guizzo JA, Conceição FR, Frandoloso R, de Vargas AC. Antigenic characterization of Moraxella bovis, Moraxella bovoculi and Moraxella ovis strains with potential use in vaccines. Vet Microbiol 2018; 210:56-63. [PMID: 29103697 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Moraxella bovis is historically known as the primary agent of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK). However, Moraxella bovoculi and Moraxella ovis are also reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of IBK, therefore, these three species should be included in the development of a new vaccine with a broad-spectrum protection against the disease natural challenge. In this study we investigated the antigenic properties of clinical isolates and reference strains of M. bovis, M. bovoculi and M. ovis using a novel in vitro approach for vaccine evaluation based on two techniques, flow cytometry and western blotting (WB). Here, we demonstrated that rabbit antisera produced against reference M. bovis strain and commercial bacterin showed low number of IgG with capacity to recognize a panel of heterologous strains composed by M. bovoculi and M. ovis. On the other hand, the antisera generated against two clinical isolates of M. ovis (Mov2 and Mov3) presented high cross-reactivity levels against all M. ovis and M. bovis strains evaluated. Similarly, the antisera against Mbv3 (clinical isolate of M. bovoculi) had high levels of IgG associated on the surface of all M. bovoculi strains and most of the M. ovis strains analyzed. The WB analysis demonstrated that Moraxella spp. has multiple immunogenic antigens and most of them are shared between the three species. Based on the cross-reactivity analysis and considering the relative number of IgGs associated on the bacterial surface, we suggest that a multivalent vaccine including Mbv3, Mov2 and Mov3 strains may provide a strong and broad protection against all strains involved in IBK outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananda Paula Kowalski
- Setor de Bacteriologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul (RS) CEP 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Grazieli Maboni
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Letícia Trevisan Gressler
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia Avançada, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Campus I, Bairro São José, BR 282, km 171, CEP 99052-900, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Julia Pires Espíndola
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia Avançada, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Campus I, Bairro São José, BR 282, km 171, CEP 99052-900, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Balzan
- Setor de Bacteriologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul (RS) CEP 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Caiane Tasca
- Setor de Bacteriologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul (RS) CEP 97105-900, Brazil
| | - João Antônio Guizzo
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia Avançada, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Campus I, Bairro São José, BR 282, km 171, CEP 99052-900, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabricio Rochedo Conceição
- Laboratório de Imunologia Aplicada, Setor de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, CEP 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael Frandoloso
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia Avançada, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Campus I, Bairro São José, BR 282, km 171, CEP 99052-900, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Agueda Castagna de Vargas
- Setor de Bacteriologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul (RS) CEP 97105-900, Brazil
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Guizzo JA, Chaudhuri S, Prigol SR, Yu RH, Dazzi CC, Balbinott N, Frandoloso GP, Kreutz LC, Frandoloso R, Schryvers AB. The amino acid selected for generating mutant TbpB antigens defective in binding transferrin can compromise the in vivo protective capacity. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7372. [PMID: 29743502 PMCID: PMC5943581 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25685-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Haemophilus parasuis is the causative agent of the Glässer's disease (GD), one of the most important bacterial diseases that affect young pigs worldwide. GD prevention based on vaccination is a major concern due to the limited cross-protection conferred by the inactivated whole cell vaccines used currently. In this study, vaccines based on two mutant recombinant proteins derived from transferrin binding protein B of H. parasuis (Y167A-TbpB and W176A-TbpB) were formulated and evaluated in terms of protection against lethal challenge using a serovar 7 (SV7) H. parasuis in a high susceptibility pig model. Our results showed that H. parasuis strain 174 (SV7) is highly virulent in conventional and colostrum-deprived pigs. The Y167A-TbpB and W176A-TbpB antigens were immunogenic in pigs, however, differences in terms of antigenicity and functional immune response were observed. In regard to protection, animals immunized with Y167A-TbpB antigen displayed 80% survival whereas the W176A-TbpB protein was not protective. In conjunction with previous studies, our results demonstrate, (a) the importance of testing engineered antigens in an in vivo pig challenge model, and, (b) that the Y167A-TbpB antigen is a promising antigen for developing a broad-spectrum vaccine against H. parasuis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Antônio Guizzo
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, 99052-900, Brazil
| | - Somshukla Chaudhuri
- Department of Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Simone Ramos Prigol
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, 99052-900, Brazil
| | - Rong-Hua Yu
- Department of Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Cláudia Cerutti Dazzi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, 99052-900, Brazil
| | - Natalia Balbinott
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, 99052-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Paraboni Frandoloso
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, 99052-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Kreutz
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, 99052-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael Frandoloso
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, 99052-900, Brazil.
| | - Anthony Bernard Schryvers
- Department of Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada.
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Barasuol BM, Guizzo JA, Fegan JE, Martínez-Martínez S, Rodríguez-Ferri EF, Gutiérrez-Martín CB, Kreutz LC, Schryvers AB, Frandoloso R. New insights about functional and cross-reactive properties of antibodies generated against recombinant TbpBs of Haemophilus parasuis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10377. [PMID: 28871190 PMCID: PMC5583350 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10627-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines have become fundamental in the control and elimination of Glässer Disease, a systemic disease of pigs caused by Haemophilus parasuis. The classic vaccines available for prevention of this infection were developed without a robust knowledge about host immunological mechanisms. In this study, we demonstrated the presence of cross-reactive epitopes on both the N-lobe and C-lobe of variants of transferrin binding protein B (TbpBs) expressed on the surface of 6 virulent serovars of H. parasuis. Antibodies against TbpB-derived antigens were capable of increasing the phagocytic capacity of neutrophils and were also capable of blocking porcine transferrin from binding to TbpB. Surprisingly, none of the pig or mice antisera from animals immunized with TbpB-derived antigens mixed with Montanide IMS 2215 VG PR adjuvant were able to activate the classical complement pathway (CCP). In contrast, antisera from mice immunized with TbpB-derived antigens adjuvanted with Freund’s adjuvants or Montanide Gel 01 were able to activate the CCP and kill H. parasuis. Our results demonstrate that the type of adjuvant can modulate the functional response induced by TbpB-derived antigens. Based on these results, we propose that a properly formulated TbpB-based vaccine may elicit a functional protective antibody response with broad cross-reactivity against heterologous strains of H. parasuis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibiana Martins Barasuol
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, 99052-900, Brazil
| | - João Antônio Guizzo
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, 99052-900, Brazil
| | - Jamie Elisabeth Fegan
- Department of Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sonia Martínez-Martínez
- Unidad de Microbiología e Inmunología, Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, 24007, León, Spain
| | - Elías Fernando Rodríguez-Ferri
- Unidad de Microbiología e Inmunología, Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, 24007, León, Spain
| | - César Bernardo Gutiérrez-Martín
- Unidad de Microbiología e Inmunología, Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, 24007, León, Spain
| | - Luiz Carlos Kreutz
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, 99052-900, Brazil
| | - Anthony Bernard Schryvers
- Department of Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rafael Frandoloso
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Advanced Immunology, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, 99052-900, Brazil.
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