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Santos CNO, Caldas GC, de Oliveira FA, da Silva AM, da Silva JS, da Silva RLL, de Jesus AR, Magalhães LS, de Almeida RP. COVID-19 recurrence is related to disease-early profile T cells while detection of anti-S1 IgG is related to multifunctional T cells. Med Microbiol Immunol 2023; 212:339-347. [PMID: 37488347 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-023-00776-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 is caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection and leads from asymptomatic to severe outcomes. The recurrence of the COVID-19 has been described, however, mechanisms involved remains unclear. Thus, the work aimed to investigate the role of multifunctional T cells in patients with recurrent COVID-19. We evaluated clinical characteristics, presence of anti-S1 and anti-Nucleocapsid IgG in patients' sera, and multifunctional T cells (for IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α) in patients with multiple episodes of COVID-19 and controls. Data demonstrate that patients with recurrent COVID-19 have a T cell pattern predominantly related to IFN-γ production. Also, patients with COVID-19 history and absence of anti-S1 IgG had lower levels of CD4+ IFN + IL-2 + TNF + T cells independently of number of disease episodes. Complementary, vaccination changed the patterns of T cells phenotypes and induced IgG seroconversion, despite not induce higher levels of multifunctional T cells in all patients. In conclusion, the data suggest that recurrent disease is related to early-disease T cell profile and absence of anti-S1 IgG is related to lower multifunctional CD4 T cell response, what suggests possibility of new episodes of COVID-19 in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Natália O Santos
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Gustavo C Caldas
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
- Departamento de Medicina, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Fabricia A de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Angela Maria da Silva
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
- Departamento de Medicina, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - João S da Silva
- Plataforma de Medicina Translacional da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz e Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Luís L da Silva
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
- Departamento de Educação em Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto, Brazil
| | - Amélia R de Jesus
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
- Departamento de Medicina, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
- Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia (iii), Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas S Magalhães
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil.
- Setor de Parasitologia e Patologia, Instituto de Ciência Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil.
| | - Roque P de Almeida
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
- Departamento de Medicina, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
- Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia (iii), Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia, São Paulo, Brazil
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Mambelli F, Marinho FV, Andrade JM, de Araujo ACVSC, Abuna RPF, Fabri VMR, Santos BPO, da Silva JS, de Magalhães MTQ, Homan EJ, Leite LCC, Dias GBM, Heck N, Mendes DAGB, Mansur DS, Báfica A, Oliveira SC. Recombinant Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Chimeric Protein Protects K18-hACE2 Mice against Viral Challenge. J Immunol 2023:263656. [PMID: 37098890 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has accounted for more than 6 million deaths worldwide. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), the existing tuberculosis vaccine, is known to induce heterologous effects over other infections due to trained immunity and has been proposed to be a potential strategy against SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this report, we constructed a recombinant BCG (rBCG) expressing domains of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid and spike proteins (termed rBCG-ChD6), recognized as major candidates for vaccine development. We investigated whether rBCG-ChD6 immunization followed by a boost with the recombinant nucleocapsid and spike chimera (rChimera), together with alum, provided protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in K18-hACE2 mice. A single dose of rBCG-ChD6 boosted with rChimera associated with alum elicited the highest anti-Chimera total IgG and IgG2c Ab titers with neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan strain when compared with control groups. Importantly, following SARS-CoV-2 challenge, this vaccination regimen induced IFN-γ and IL-6 production in spleen cells and reduced viral load in the lungs. In addition, no viable virus was detected in mice immunized with rBCG-ChD6 boosted with rChimera, which was associated with decreased lung pathology when compared with BCG WT-rChimera/alum or rChimera/alum control groups. Overall, our study demonstrates the potential of a prime-boost immunization system based on an rBCG expressing a chimeric protein derived from SARS-CoV-2 to protect mice against viral challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Mambelli
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fábio V Marinho
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juvana M Andrade
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana C V S C de Araujo
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo P F Abuna
- Platform of Bi-Institutional Research in Translational Medicine, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation-Fiocruz, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Victor M R Fabri
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bruno P O Santos
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - João S da Silva
- Platform of Bi-Institutional Research in Translational Medicine, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation-Fiocruz, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana T Q de Magalhães
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana C C Leite
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Greicy B M Dias
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Nicoli Heck
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daniel A G B Mendes
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daniel S Mansur
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - André Báfica
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Sergio C Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Lopes CD, Possato B, Gaspari APS, Oliveira RJ, Abram U, Almeida JPA, Rocho FDR, Leitão A, Montanari CA, Maia PIS, da Silva JS, de Albuquerque S, Carneiro ZA. Organometallic Gold(III) Complex [Au(Hdamp)(L1 4)] + (L1 = SNS-Donating Thiosemicarbazone) as a Candidate to New Formulations against Chagas Disease. ACS Infect Dis 2019; 5:1698-1707. [PMID: 31419384 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.8b00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease remains a serious public health concern with unsatisfactory treatment outcomes due to strain-specific drug resistance and various side effects. To identify new therapeutic drugs against Trypanosoma cruzi, we evaluated both the in vitro and in vivo activity of the organometallic gold(III) complex [Au(III)(Hdamp)(L14)]Cl (L1 = SNS-donating thiosemicarbazone), henceforth denoted 4-Cl. Our results demonstrated that 4-Cl was more effective than benznidazole (Bz) in eliminating both the extracellular trypomastigote and intracellular amastigote forms of the parasite without cytotoxic effects on mammalian cells. In in vivo assays, 4-Cl in PBS solution loses the protonation and becomes the 4-neutral. 4-Neutral reduced parasitaemia and tissue parasitism in addition to protecting the liver and heart from tissue damage at 2.8 mg/kg/day. All these changes resulted in the survival of 100% of the mice treated with the gold complex during the acute phase. Analyzing the surviving animals of the acute infection, the parasite load after 150 days of infection was equivalent to those treated with the standard dose of Bz without demonstrating the hepatotoxicity of the latter. In addition, we identified a modulation of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) levels that may be targeting the disease's positive outcome. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first gold organometallic study that shows promise in an in vivo experimental model against Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Duque Lopes
- Department of Clinical Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-903, Brazil
- Departament of Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Bruna Possato
- Department of Clinical Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula S. Gaspari
- Department of Clinical Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo J. Oliveira
- Núcleo de Desenvolvimento de Compostos Bioativos (NDCBio), Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais 38025-470, Brazil
| | - Ulrich Abram
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin D-14195, Germany
| | - José P. A. Almeida
- Department of Clinical Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Fernanda dos Reis Rocho
- Grupo de Estudos em Química Medicinal de Produtos Naturais−NEQUIMED-PN, Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador Sancarlense 400, P.O. Box 780, São Carlos, São Paulo 13560-960, Brazil
| | - Andrei Leitão
- Grupo de Estudos em Química Medicinal de Produtos Naturais−NEQUIMED-PN, Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador Sancarlense 400, P.O. Box 780, São Carlos, São Paulo 13560-960, Brazil
| | - Carlos A. Montanari
- Grupo de Estudos em Química Medicinal de Produtos Naturais−NEQUIMED-PN, Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador Sancarlense 400, P.O. Box 780, São Carlos, São Paulo 13560-960, Brazil
| | - Pedro I. S. Maia
- Núcleo de Desenvolvimento de Compostos Bioativos (NDCBio), Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais 38025-470, Brazil
| | - João S. da Silva
- Departament of Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Sérgio de Albuquerque
- Department of Clinical Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Zumira A. Carneiro
- Department of Clinical Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-903, Brazil
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Chávez JH, França RFO, Oliveira CJF, de Aquino MTP, Farias KJS, Machado PRL, de Oliveira TFM, Yokosawa J, Soares EG, da Silva JS, da Fonseca BAL, Figueiredo LTM. Influence of the CCR-5/MIP-1 α axis in the pathogenesis of Rocio virus encephalitis in a mouse model. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2013; 89:1013-8. [PMID: 24080631 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.12-0591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Rocio virus (ROCV) caused an outbreak of human encephalitis during the 1970s in Brazil and its immunopathogenesis remains poorly understood. CC-chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is a chemokine receptor that binds to macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP-1 α). Both molecules are associated with inflammatory cells migration during infections. In this study, we demonstrated the importance of the CCR5 and MIP-1 α, in the outcome of viral encephalitis of ROCV-infected mice. CCR5 and MIP-1 α knockout mice survived longer than wild-type (WT) ROCV-infected animals. In addition, knockout mice had reduced inflammation in the brain. Assessment of brain viral load showed mice virus detection five days post-infection in wild-type and CCR5-/- mice, while MIP-1 α-/- mice had lower viral loads seven days post-infection. Knockout mice required a higher lethal dose than wild-type mice as well. The CCR5/MIP-1 α axis may contribute to migration of infected cells to the brain and consequently affect the pathogenesis during ROCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana H Chávez
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais; Centro de Pesquisa em Virologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia da Faculdade de Medicina Departamento de Patologia de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia e Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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Celes MRN, Malvestio LM, Suadicani SO, Prado CM, Figueiredo MJ, Campos EC, Freitas ACS, Spray DC, Tanowitz HB, da Silva JS, Rossi MA. Disruption of calcium homeostasis in cardiomyocytes underlies cardiac structural and functional changes in severe sepsis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68809. [PMID: 23935889 PMCID: PMC3720843 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, a major cause of morbidity/mortality in intensive care units worldwide, is commonly associated with cardiac dysfunction, which worsens the prognosis dramatically for patients. Although in recent years the concept of septic cardiomyopathy has evolved, the importance of myocardial structural alterations in sepsis has not been fully explored. This study offers novel and mechanistic data to clarify subcellular events that occur in the pathogenesis of septic cardiomyopathy and myocardial dysfunction in severe sepsis. Cultured neonatal mice cardiomyocytes subjected to serum obtained from mice with severe sepsis presented striking increment of [Ca2+]i and calpain-1 levels associated with decreased expression of dystrophin and disruption and derangement of F-actin filaments and cytoplasmic bleb formation. Severe sepsis induced in mice led to an increased expression of calpain-1 in cardiomyocytes. Moreover, decreased myocardial amounts of dystrophin, sarcomeric actin, and myosin heavy chain were observed in septic hearts associated with depressed cardiac contractile dysfunction and a very low survival rate. Actin and myosin from the sarcomere are first disassembled by calpain and then ubiquitinated and degraded by proteasome or sequestered inside specialized vacuoles called autophagosomes, delivered to the lysosome for degradation forming autophagolysosomes. Verapamil and dantrolene prevented the increase of calpain-1 levels and preserved dystrophin, actin, and myosin loss/reduction as well cardiac contractile dysfunction associated with strikingly improved survival rate. These abnormal parameters emerge as therapeutic targets, which modulation may provide beneficial effects on future vascular outcomes and mortality in sepsis. Further studies are needed to shed light on this mechanism, mainly regarding specific calpain inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara R N Celes
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Moreno SE, Alves-Filho JC, Alfaya TM, da Silva JS, Ferreira SH, Liew FY. IL-12, but not IL-18, is critical to neutrophil activation and resistance to polymicrobial sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture. J Immunol 2006; 177:3218-24. [PMID: 16920961 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.177.5.3218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response resulting from local infection due, at least in part, to impaired neutrophil migration. IL-12 and IL-18 play an important role in neutrophil migration. We have investigated the mechanism and relative role of IL-12 and IL-18 in polymicrobial sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in mice. Wild-type (WT) and IL-18(-/-) mice were resistant to sublethal CLP (SL-CLP) sepsis. In contrast, IL-12(-/-) mice were susceptible to SL-CLP sepsis with high bacteria load in peritoneal cavity and systemic inflammation (serum TNF-alpha and lung neutrophil infiltration). The magnitude of these events was similar to those observed in WT mice with lethal CLP sepsis. The inability of IL-12(-/-) mice to restrict the infection was not due to impairment of neutrophil migration, but correlated with decrease of phagocytosis, NO production, and microbicidal activities of their neutrophils, and with reduction of systemic IFN-gamma synthesis. Consistent with this observation, IFN-gamma(-/-) mice were as susceptible to SL-CLP as IL-12(-/-) mice. Moreover, addition of IFN-gamma to cultures of neutrophils from IL-12(-/-) mice restored their phagocytic, microbicidal activities and NO production. Mortality of IL-12(-/-) mice to SL-CLP was prevented by treatment with IFN-gamma. Thus we show that IL-12, but not IL-18, is critical to an efficient host defense in polymicrobial sepsis. IL-12 acts through induction of IFN-gamma and stimulation of phagocytic and microbicidal activities of neutrophils, rather than neutrophil migration per se. Our data therefore provide further insight into the defense mechanism against this critical area of infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana E Moreno
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
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