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Pais ML, Crisóstomo J, Abrunhosa A, Castelo-Branco M. Portuguese observational cross-sectional clinical imaging study protocol to investigate central dopaminergic mechanisms of successful weight loss through bariatric surgery. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e080702. [PMID: 38569700 PMCID: PMC10989096 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-080702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bariatric surgery (BS) is the treatment of choice for refractory obesity. Although weight loss (WL) reduces the prevalence of obesity-related comorbidities, not all patients maintain it. It has been suggested that central mechanisms involving dopamine receptors may play a role in successful WL. This protocol describes an observational cross-sectional study to test if the binding of central dopamine receptors is similar in individuals who responded successfully to BS and age- and gender-matched normal-weight healthy individuals (controls). As secondary goals, the protocol will investigate if this binding correlates with key parameters such as age, hormonal status, anthropometric metrics and neurobehavioural scores. Finally, as exploratory goals, we will include a cohort of individuals with obesity before and after BS to explore whether obesity and type of BS (sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass) yield distinct binding values and track central dopaminergic changes resulting from BS. METHODS AND ANALYSIS To address the major research question of this observational study, positron emission tomography (PET) with [11C]raclopride will be used to map brain dopamine type 2 and 3 receptors (D2/3R) non-displaceable binding potential (BPND) of individuals who have successfully responded to BS. Mean regional D2/3R BPND values will be compared with control individuals by two one-sided test approaches. The sample size (23 per group) was estimated to demonstrate the equivalence between two independent group means. In addition, these binding values will be correlated with key parameters to address secondary goals. Finally, for exploratory analysis, these values will be compared within the same individuals (before and after BS) and between individuals with obesity and controls and types of BS. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The project and informed consent received ethical approval from the Faculty of Medicine and the Coimbra University Hospital ethics committees. Results will be disseminated in international peer-reviewed journals and conferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Lapo Pais
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Crisóstomo
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Antero Abrunhosa
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Canário NS, Crisóstomo J, Moreno C, Duarte JV, Duarte IC, Ribeiro MJ, Caramelo B, Gomes LV, Matafome P, Oliveira FP, Castelo-Branco M. Functional reorganization of memory processing in the hippocampus is associated with neuroprotector GLP-1 levels in type 2 diabetes. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27412. [PMID: 38509913 PMCID: PMC10950584 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) often impairs memory functions, suggesting specific vulnerability of the hippocampus. In vivo neuroimaging studies relating encoding and retrieval of memory information with endogenous neuroprotection are lacking. The neuroprotector glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) has a high receptor density in anterior/ventral hippocampus, as shown by animal models. Using an innovative event-related fMRI design in 34 participants we investigated patterns of hippocampal activity in T2D (n = 17) without mild cognitive impairment (MCI) versus healthy controls (n = 17) during an episodic memory task. We directly measured neurovascular coupling by estimating the hemodynamic response function using event-related analysis related to encoding and retrieval of episodic information in the hippocampus. We applied a mixed-effects general linear model analysis and a two-factor ANOVA to test for group differences. Significant between-group differences were found for memory encoding, showing evidence for functional reorganization: T2D patients showed an augmented activation in the posterior hippocampus while anterior activation was reduced. The latter was negatively correlated with both GLP-1 pre- and post-breakfast levels, in the absence of grey matter changes. These results suggest that patients with T2D without MCI have pre-symptomatic functional reorganization in brain regions underlying episodic memory, as a function of the concentration of the neuroprotective neuropeptide GLP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nádia S. Canário
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Crisóstomo
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health, Portugal
| | - Carolina Moreno
- Department of Endocrinology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João V. Duarte
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel C. Duarte
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health, Portugal
| | - Mário J. Ribeiro
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health, Portugal
- The Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Caramelo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine and Center of Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Leonor V. Gomes
- Department of Endocrinology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Matafome
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine and Center of Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal
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Canário N, Crisóstomo J, Duarte JV, Moreno C, Quental H, Gomes L, Oliveira F, Castelo-Branco M. Irreversible atrophy in memory brain regions over 7 years is predicted by glycemic control in type 2 diabetes without mild cognitive impairment. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1367563. [PMID: 38590757 PMCID: PMC10999637 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1367563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Memory-related impairments in type 2 diabetes may be mediated by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. Previous cross-sectional studies have controversially suggested a relationship between metabolic control and a decrease in hippocampal volumes, but only longitudinal studies can test this hypothesis directly. We performed a longitudinal morphometric study to provide a direct test of a possible role of higher levels of glycated hemoglobin with long term brain structural integrity in key regions of the memory system - hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus and fusiform gyrus. Grey matter volume was measured at two different times - baseline and after ~7 years. We found an association between higher initial levels of HbA1C and grey matter volume loss in all three core memory regions, even in the absence of mild cognitive impairment. Importantly, these neural effects persisted in spite of the fact that patients had significantly improved their glycemic control. This suggests that early high levels of HbA1c might be irreversibly associated with subsequent long-term atrophy in the medial temporal cortex and that early intensive management is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nádia Canário
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Crisóstomo
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Valente Duarte
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carolina Moreno
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Endocrinology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Hugo Quental
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Leonor Gomes
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Endocrinology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Marques CC, Sayal A, Crisóstomo J, Duarte JV, Castilho P, Goss K, Pereira AT, Castelo-Branco M. A neural network underlying cognitive strategies related to eating, weight and body image concerns. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 17:1274817. [PMID: 38318273 PMCID: PMC10839062 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1274817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Concerns about food intake, weight and body shape can trigger negatively loaded emotions, which may prompt the use of cognitive strategies to regulate these emotional states. A novel fMRI task was developed to assess the neurobehavioral correlates of cognitive strategies related to eating, weight and body image concerns, such as self-criticism, avoidance, rumination, and self-reassurance. Fourteen healthy females were presented audio sentences referring to these conditions and instructed to repeat these internally while engaging their thoughts with the content of food or body images. Participants were asked to report the elicited emotion and rate their performance. All cognitive strategies recruited a network including the inferior and superior frontal gyri, orbitofrontal and anterior cingulate cortex, insula, and dorsal striatum. These brain regions are involved in emotional, reward and inhibitory control processing. Representational similarity analysis revealed distinct patterns of neural responses for each cognitive strategy. Additionally, self-report measures showed that self-criticism was positively associated with superior frontal gyrus (SFG) activation. Self-compassion scores were negatively correlated with activations in the insula and right putamen, while self-reassurance scores were negatively associated with activity in the orbitofrontal cortex. These findings identify a neural network underlying cognitive strategies related to eating, weight and body image concerns, where neurobehavioral correlation patterns depend on the cognitive strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana C. Marques
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Sayal
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Siemens Healthineers, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana Crisóstomo
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João V. Duarte
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula Castilho
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Kenneth Goss
- Coventry & Warwickshire Partnership Trust, Coventry Eating Disorder Service, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Ana T. Pereira
- Institute of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Guimarães P, Serranho P, Duarte JV, Crisóstomo J, Moreno C, Gomes L, Bernardes R, Castelo-Branco M. The hemodynamic response function as a type 2 diabetes biomarker: a data-driven approach. Front Neuroinform 2024; 17:1321178. [PMID: 38250018 PMCID: PMC10796780 DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2023.1321178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction There is a need to better understand the neurophysiological changes associated with early brain dysfunction in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) before vascular or structural lesions. Our aim was to use a novel unbiased data-driven approach to detect and characterize hemodynamic response function (HRF) alterations in T2DM patients, focusing on their potential as biomarkers. Methods We meshed task-based event-related (visual speed discrimination) functional magnetic resonance imaging with DL to show, from an unbiased perspective, that T2DM patients' blood-oxygen-level dependent response is altered. Relevance analysis determined which brain regions were more important for discrimination. We combined explainability with deconvolution generalized linear model to provide a more accurate picture of the nature of the neural changes. Results The proposed approach to discriminate T2DM patients achieved up to 95% accuracy. Higher performance was achieved at higher stimulus (speed) contrast, showing a direct relationship with stimulus properties, and in the hemispherically dominant left visual hemifield, demonstrating biological interpretability. Differences are explained by physiological asymmetries in cortical spatial processing (right hemisphere dominance) and larger neural signal-to-noise ratios related to stimulus contrast. Relevance analysis revealed the most important regions for discrimination, such as extrastriate visual cortex, parietal cortex, and insula. These are disease/task related, providing additional evidence for pathophysiological significance. Our data-driven design allowed us to compute the unbiased HRF without assumptions. Conclusion We can accurately differentiate T2DM patients using a data-driven classification of the HRF. HRF differences hold promise as biomarkers and could contribute to a deeper understanding of neurophysiological changes associated with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Guimarães
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro Serranho
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Sciences and Technology, Universidade Aberta, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João V. Duarte
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Crisóstomo
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carolina Moreno
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Leonor Gomes
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui Bernardes
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
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Crisóstomo J, Duarte JV, Canário N, Moreno C, Gomes L, Castelo-Branco M. The longitudinal impact of type 2 diabetes on brain gyrification. Eur J Neurosci 2023; 58:4384-4392. [PMID: 37927099 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes has an effect on brain structure, including cortical gyrification. The significance of these changes is better understood if assessed over time. However, there is a lack of studies assessing longitudinally the effect of this disease with complex aethology in gyrification. While changes in this feature have been associated mainly with genetic legacy, our study allowed to shed light on the effect of the variation of glycaemic profile over time in gyrification in this metabolic disease. In this longitudinal study, we analysed brain anatomical magnetic resonance images of 15 participants with type 2 diabetes and 13 healthy control participants to investigate the impact of this metabolic disease on the gyrification index over a 7-year period. We observed a significant interaction between time and group in six regions, four of which (left precentral gyrus, left gyrus rectus, left subcentral gyrus and sulci and right inferior temporal gyrus) showed an increase in gyrification in type 2 diabetes and a decrease in the control group and the two others (left pericallosal sulcus and right inferior frontal sulcus) the opposite pattern. The variation of the gyrification was correlated with the variation of the glycaemic profile. Following the interaction, the simple main effect of time in each group separately has shown that in the group with diabetes, there were more regions susceptible to alterations of gyrification. In sum, our results raise credit for the possibility that glycaemic control also might influence gyrification in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Crisóstomo
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João V Duarte
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nádia Canário
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carolina Moreno
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Endocrinology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Leonor Gomes
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Endocrinology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Sousa D, Teixeira M, Amaral J, Crisóstomo J, Ferreira A, Machado M, Moliadze V, Pereira HC, Siniatchkin M, Castelo-Branco M. Effects of concurrent versus non-concurrent task on performance in a social cognition tDCS protocol. Brain Stimul 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2023.01.626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
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Sousa T, Pereira HC, Sousa D, Crisóstomo J, Teixeira M, Sousa D, Ferreira A, Amaral J, Duque F, Oliveira G, Krauel K, Breitling C, Prehn A, Siniatchkin M, Castelo-Branco M. Brain connectivity dynamics underlying tDCs in ADHD: a preliminary study. Brain Stimul 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2023.01.640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
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Crisóstomo J, Duarte JV, Moreno C, Gomes L, Castelo-Branco M. A novel morphometric signature of brain alterations in type 2 diabetes: Patterns of changed cortical gyrification. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 54:6322-6333. [PMID: 34390585 PMCID: PMC9291170 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease that creates atrophic signatures in the brain, including decreases of total and regional volume of grey matter, white matter and cortical thickness. However, there is a lack of studies assessing cortical gyrification in type 2 diabetes. Changes in this emerging feature have been associated mainly with genetic legacy, but environmental factors may also play a role. Here, we investigated alterations of the gyrification index and classical morphometric measures in type 2 diabetes, a late acquired disease with complex aetiology with both underlying genetic and more preponderant environmental factors. In this cross‐sectional study, we analysed brain anatomical magnetic resonance images of 86 participants with type 2 diabetes and 40 healthy control participants, to investigate structural alterations in type 2 diabetes, including whole‐brain volumetric measures, local alterations of grey matter volume, cortical thickness and the gyrification index. We found concordant significant decrements in total and regional grey matter volume, and cortical thickness. Surprisingly, the cortical gyrification index was found to be mainly increased and mainly located in cortical sensory areas in type 2 diabetes. Moreover, alterations in gyrification correlated with clinical data, suggesting an influence of metabolic profile in alterations of gyrification in type 2 diabetes. Further studies should address causal influences of genetic and/or environmental factors in patterns of cortical gyrification in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Crisóstomo
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João V Duarte
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carolina Moreno
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Endocrinology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Leonor Gomes
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Endocrinology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Pereira HC, Sousa D, Simões M, Martins R, Amaral C, Lopes V, Crisóstomo J, Castelo-Branco M. Effects of anodal multichannel transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on social-cognitive performance in healthy subjects: A randomized sham-controlled crossover pilot study. Prog Brain Res 2021; 264:259-286. [PMID: 34167659 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that temporoparietal junction (TPJ) modulation can influence attention and social cognition performance. Nevertheless, no studies have used multichannel transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over bilateral TPJ to estimate the effects on these neuropsychological functions. The project STIPED is using optimized multichannel stimulation as an innovative treatment approach for chronic pediatric neurodevelopmental disorders, namely in children/adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In this pilot study, we aim to explore whether anodal multichannel tDCS coupled with a Joint Attention Task (JAT) influences social-cognitive task performance relative to sham stimulation, both in an Emotion Recognition Task (ERT) and in a Mooney Faces Detection Task (MFDT), as well as to evaluate this technique's safety and tolerability. Twenty healthy adults were enrolled in a randomized, single-blinded, sham-controlled, crossover study. During two sessions, participants completed the ERT and the MFDT before and after 20min of sham or anodal tDCS over bilateral TPJ. No significant differences on performance accuracy and reaction time were found between stimulation conditions for all tasks, including the JAT. A significant main time effect for overall accuracy and reaction time was found for the MFDT. Itching was the most common side effect and stimulation conditions detection was at chance level. Results suggest that multichannel tDCS over bilateral TPJ does not affect performance of low-level emotional recognition tasks in healthy adults. Although preliminary safety and tolerability are demonstrated, further studies over longer periods will be pursued to investigate the clinical efficacy in children/adolescents with ASD, where social cognition impairments are preponderant.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Catarina Pereira
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Daniela Sousa
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marco Simões
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Centre for Informatics and Systems, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Martins
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos Amaral
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Vânia Lopes
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Crisóstomo
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Crisóstomo J, Pereira AM, Bidarra SJ, Gonçalves AC, Granja PL, Coelho JF, Barrias CC, Seiça R. ECM-enriched alginate hydrogels for bioartificial pancreas: an ideal niche to improve insulin secretion and diabetic glucose profile. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2019; 17:2280800019848923. [PMID: 31623515 DOI: 10.1177/2280800019848923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The success of a bioartificial pancreas crucially depends on ameliorating encapsulated beta cells survival and function. By mimicking the cellular in vivo niche, the aim of this study was to develop a novel model for beta cells encapsulation capable of establishing an appropriate microenvironment that supports interactions between cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) components. METHODS ECM components (Arg-Gly-Asp, abbreviated as RGD) were chemically incorporated in alginate hydrogels (alginate-RGD). After encapsulation, INS-1E beta cells outcome was analyzed in vitro and after their implantation in an animal model of diabetes. RESULTS Our alginate-RGD model demonstrated to be a good in vitro niche for supporting beta cells viability, proliferation, and activity, namely by improving the key feature of insulin secretion. RGD peptides promoted cell-matrix interactions, enhanced endogenous ECM components expression, and favored the assembly of individual cells into multicellular spheroids, an essential configuration for proper beta cell functioning. In vivo, our pivotal model for diabetes treatment exhibited an improved glycemic profile of type 2 diabetic rats, where insulin secreted from encapsulated cells was more efficiently used. CONCLUSIONS We were able to successfully introduce a novel valuable function in an old ally in biomedical applications, the alginate. The proposed alginate-RGD model stands out as a promising approach to improve beta cells survival and function, increasing the success of this therapeutic strategy, which might greatly improve the quality of life of an increasing number of diabetic patients worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Crisóstomo
- IBILI - Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana M Pereira
- IBILI - Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sílvia J Bidarra
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana C Gonçalves
- University Clinic of Hematology and Applied Molecular Biology Unit, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CIMAGO - Centre of Investigation in Environment Genetics and Oncobiology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CNC.IBILI - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro L Granja
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto, Portugal.,FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Fj Coelho
- CEMUC - Centre for Mechanical Engineering of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cristina C Barrias
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Seiça
- IBILI - Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Patrício M, Pereira J, Crisóstomo J, Matafome P, Gomes M, Seiça R, Caramelo F. Using Resistin, glucose, age and BMI to predict the presence of breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:29. [PMID: 29301500 PMCID: PMC5755302 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3877-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The goal of this exploratory study was to develop and assess a prediction model which can potentially be used as a biomarker of breast cancer, based on anthropometric data and parameters which can be gathered in routine blood analysis. Methods For each of the 166 participants several clinical features were observed or measured, including age, BMI, Glucose, Insulin, HOMA, Leptin, Adiponectin, Resistin and MCP-1. Machine learning algorithms (logistic regression, random forests, support vector machines) were implemented taking in as predictors different numbers of variables. The resulting models were assessed with a Monte Carlo Cross-Validation approach to determine 95% confidence intervals for the sensitivity, specificity and AUC of the models. Results Support vector machines models using Glucose, Resistin, Age and BMI as predictors allowed predicting the presence of breast cancer in women with sensitivity ranging between 82 and 88% and specificity ranging between 85 and 90%. The 95% confidence interval for the AUC was [0.87, 0.91]. Conclusions These findings provide promising evidence that models combining age, BMI and metabolic parameters may be a powerful tool for a cheap and effective biomarker of breast cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-017-3877-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Patrício
- Laboratory of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics and IBILI - Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - José Pereira
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Crisóstomo
- Laboratory of Physiology, IBILI - Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Matafome
- Laboratory of Physiology, IBILI - Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Complementary Sciences, Coimbra Health School - Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Manuel Gomes
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Raquel Seiça
- Laboratory of Physiology, IBILI - Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Caramelo
- Laboratory of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics and IBILI - Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
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Crisóstomo J, Matafome P, Santos-Silva D, Gomes AL, Gomes M, Patrício M, Letra L, Sarmento-Ribeiro AB, Santos L, Seiça R. Hyperresistinemia and metabolic dysregulation: a risky crosstalk in obese breast cancer. Endocrine 2016; 53:433-42. [PMID: 26892376 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-0893-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide. There is extensive literature on the relationship between body weight and breast cancer risk but some doubts still remain about the role of adipokines per se, the role of insulin and glucose regardless of obesity, as well as the crosstalk between these players. Thus, in this study, we intend to determine the relation between body mass index (BMI), glycaemia, insulinemia, insulin-resistance, blood adipokine levels and tumour characteristics in a Portuguese group of pre- and postmenopausal overweight/obese women with breast cancer. We evaluated clinical and biochemical data in 154 participants, divided in 4 groups: (1) control with BMI <25 kg/m(2), n = 29 (CT); (2) control with BMI >25 kg/m(2), n = 48 (CTOb); (3) breast cancer with BMI <25 kg/m(2), n = 30 (BC); and (4) breast cancer with BMI >25 kg/m(2), n = 47 (BCOb). In women with breast cancer, we also performed tumour characterization. We found that BCOb present increased fasting blood glucose, insulin, resistin and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, insulin resistance and more aggressive tumours. Notably, this profile is not correlated with BMI, proposing the involvement of other processes than adiposity. Altogether, our results suggest that glucose dysmetabolism, insulin resistance and changes in adipokine secretion, in particular resistin, may be involved in the development and progression of breast cancer in overweight/obese pre- and postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Crisóstomo
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Paulo Matafome
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Complementary Sciences, Coimbra Health School, Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Daniela Santos-Silva
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana L Gomes
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Manuel Gomes
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel Patrício
- Laboratory of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, IBILI, Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Liliana Letra
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana B Sarmento-Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Oncology and Hematology, Applied Molecular Biology and University Clinic of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetic and Oncobiology, Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- CNC-IBILI, Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lelita Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Raquel Seiça
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Almeida F, Santos-Silva D, Rodrigues T, Matafome P, Crisóstomo J, Sena C, Gonçalves L, Seiça R. Pyridoxamine reverts methylglyoxal-induced impairment of survival pathways during heart ischemia. Cardiovasc Ther 2014; 31:e79-85. [PMID: 23841818 DOI: 10.1111/1755-5922.12039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Increased levels of advanced glycation end-products (AGE) and their precursors, such as methylglyoxal (MG), in patients with diabetes may account for impaired response to heart ischemia. Pyridoxamine is a derivate of vitamin B6, which has been shown to reduce AGE formation. Our goal was to assess the role of pyridoxamine in protecting from MG-induced impaired heart response to ischemia. METHODS Wistar rats were subjected to MG administration (WM), MG plus pyridoxamine (WMPyr), or no treatment (W). Half of the hearts from each group were submitted to ischemia and the other half were perfused as control. The levels of CEL, Bcl-2, Bax, and total and phosphorylated forms of JNK and Akt were determined. RESULTS Methylglyoxal led to higher levels of AGE and AGE receptor (RAGE) than in the W group. During ischemia, MG caused an impairment of survival pathways and Bcl-2/Bax ratio, a marker of apoptosis. Pyridoxamine treatment decreased glycation and restored the activation of JNK and Akt during ischemia. These events were followed by levels of Bcl-2/Bax ratio similar to W group. CONCLUSION Methylglyoxal-induced AGE accumulation impairs the activation of cell survival pathways during ischemia. Pyridoxamine-induced decrease of glycation inhibited the effects of MG accumulation in the heart, suggesting that it can be of added value to usual diabetic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Almeida
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Basic Research Unit on Cardiology, IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Crisóstomo J, Matafome P, Santos-Silva D, Rodrigues L, Sena CM, Pereira P, Seiça R. Methylglyoxal chronic administration promotes diabetes-like cardiac ischaemia disease in Wistar normal rats. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2013; 23:1223-1230. [PMID: 23642929 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2013.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The influence of lifestyle is well documented, especially the diet regime, in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and associated cardiovascular diseases. Diabetic patients have increased risk of suffering cardiac ischemia and impaired response to such accidents. Methylglyoxal (MG) circulates at high concentration in diabetics' blood and is linked to the development of diabetes chronic complications. We propose that besides promoting the cardiovascular disease, MG may also negatively regulate the endogenous cardioprotection pathways after ischemia. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed a comparative study between three animal groups: normal Wistar (W), type 2 diabetic non-obese Goto-Kakizaki (GK) and normal rats submitted to MG chronic administration (3 months) with gradually enhanced concentration, up to 75 mg/Kg (WMG). Hearts were submitted to different experimental conditions: control, ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion. Levels of oxidative stress markers, advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and their receptors (RAGEs) were evaluated. The serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (Akt), crucial for cardiomyocytes recovery after ischemia, and apoptosis markers were also assessed. Levels of MG, systemic and cardiac oxidative stress markers, AGEs and RAGEs were similar in GK and WMG groups. Akt protein was negatively regulated by MG, leading to impaired apoptotic markers. CONCLUSION Chronic MG administration to normal rodents mimicked most diabetic alterations, being associated with the development of cardiovascular disease and the impairment of survival pathways. Our results demonstrate the negative effect of MG rich diet in healthy animals and suggest the potential of methylglyoxal as a therapeutic target in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Crisóstomo
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Research in Light and Image (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal.
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Matafome P, Santos-Silva D, Crisóstomo J, Rodrigues T, Rodrigues L, Sena CM, Pereira P, Seiça R. Methylglyoxal causes structural and functional alterations in adipose tissue independently of obesity. Arch Physiol Biochem 2012; 118:58-68. [PMID: 22364223 DOI: 10.3109/13813455.2012.658065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Adipose tissue is one of the first organs to develop insulin resistance even with moderate BMI. However, the contribution of developing hyperglycaemia and concomitant methylglyoxal increment to tissue dysfunction during type 2 diabetes progression was not addressed before. METHODS Young and aged Wistar and Goto-Kakizaki rats (non-obese model of type 2 diabetes) and a group of MG-treated W rats were used to investigate the chronic effects of hyperglycaemia and ageing and specifically MG-induced mechanisms. RESULTS Diabetic and aged rats showed decreased adipose tissue irrigation and interstitial hypoxia. Hyperglycaemia of diabetic rats leaded to fibrosis and accumulation of PAS-positive components, exacerbated in aged animals, which also showed decreased hipoadiponectinemia, increased MCP-1 expression and macrophage infiltration to glycated fibrotic regions. MG leaded to increased free fatty acids, hipoadiponectinemia, decreased irrigation, hypoxia and macrophage recruitment for glycated fibrotic regions. CONCLUSIONS MG contributes to dysfunction of adipose tissue during type 2 diabetes progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Matafome
- Laboratory of Physiology - IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal
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Sena CM, Matafome P, Crisóstomo J, Rodrigues L, Fernandes R, Pereira P, Seiça RM. Methylglyoxal promotes oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. Pharmacol Res 2012; 65:497-506. [PMID: 22425979 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Revised: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Modern diets can cause modern diseases. Research has linked a metabolite of sugar, methylglyoxal (MG), to the development of diabetic complications, but the exact mechanism has not been fully elucidated. The present study was designed to investigate whether MG could directly influence endothelial function, oxidative stress and inflammation in Wistar and Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, an animal model of type 2 diabetes. Wistar and GK rats treated with MG in the drinking water for 3 months were compared with the respective control rats. The effects of MG were investigated on NO-dependent vasorelaxation in isolated rat aortic arteries from the different groups. Insulin resistance, NO bioavailability, glycation, a pro-inflammatory biomarker monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and vascular oxidative stress were also evaluated. Methylglyoxal treated Wistar rats significantly reduced the efficacy of NO-dependent vasorelaxation (p<0.001). This impairment was accompanied by a three fold increase in the oxidative stress marker nitrotyrosine. Advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) formation was significantly increased as well as MCP-1 and the expression of the receptor for AGEs (RAGE). NO bioavailability was significantly attenuated and accompanied by an increase in superoxide anion immunofluorescence. Methylglyoxal treated GK rats significantly aggravated endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, AGEs accumulation and diminished NO bioavailability when compared with control GK rats. These results indicate that methylglyoxal induced endothelial dysfunction in normal Wistar rats and aggravated the endothelial dysfunction present in GK rats. The mechanism is at least in part by increasing oxidative stress and/or AGEs formation with a concomitant increment of inflammation and a decrement in NO bioavailability. The present study provides further evidence for methylglyoxal as one of the causative factors in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and development of macrovascular diabetic complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M Sena
- Institute of Physiology, University of Coimbra, Portugal; IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
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Farráis-Villalba M, Facenda-Lorenzo M, Álvarez-Acosta L, Crisóstomo J. ¿Ictus hemorrágico/isquémico?: La respuesta está en el corazón. Rev Clin Esp 2011; 211:e69-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rce.2011.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2011] [Revised: 03/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Matafome P, Louro T, Rodrigues L, Crisóstomo J, Nunes E, Amaral C, Monteiro P, Cipriano A, Seiça R. Metformin and atorvastatin combination further protect the liver in type 2 diabetes with hyperlipidaemia. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2011; 27:54-62. [PMID: 21218508 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.1157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes are associated with dyslipidaemia, inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the pathophysiology of NAFLD in type 2 diabetes with hyperlipidaemia is not fully known, as well as the utility of the commonly prescribed anti-diabetic and lipid-lowering drugs in ameliorating liver injury markers. METHODS hepatic complications of type 2 diabetes with hyperlipidaemia and the effects of atorvastatin and metformin, isolated and in association, in systemic and hepatic inflammatory and oxidative stress markers were tested using genetic type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats fed with a high-fat diet. RESULTS the high-fat diet aggravated the overall metabolic state and the hepatic markers of injury. All treatments decreased fasting glycaemia, insulin resistance and free fatty acid levels. Combined treatment further decreased C-reactive protein (CRP), adiponectin, liver tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), systemic and hepatic oxidative stress and portal inflammation. CONCLUSIONS our data provides evidence of a greater benefit with a combination of atorvastatin and metformin in improving liver injury in type 2 diabetes with hyperlipidaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Matafome
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Center of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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González-González C, Crisóstomo J, Pérez J, Martín-García V. [Radiological findings in intracranial hypotension syndrome]. Rev Neurol 2009; 49:100-101. [PMID: 19598140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C González-González
- Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
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Santos R, Cardoso S, Silva S, Correia S, Carvalho C, Crisóstomo J, Rodrigues L, Amaral C, Louro T, Matafome P, Santos M, Proença T, Duarte A, Seiça R, Moreira P. Food Deprivation Promotes Oxidative Imbalance in Rat Brain. J Food Sci 2009; 74:H8-H14. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00982.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Matafome P, Nunes E, Louro T, Amaral C, Crisóstomo J, Rodrigues L, Moedas AR, Monteiro P, Cipriano A, Seiça R. A role for atorvastatin and insulin combination in protecting from liver injury in a model of type 2 diabetes with hyperlipidemia. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2008; 379:241-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-008-0363-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2008] [Accepted: 09/30/2008] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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