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Lindeman K, Karavirta L, Koivunen K, Keskinen KE, Eronen J, Portegijs E, Rantanen T. Longitudinal changes in life-space mobility and autonomy in participation outdoors among Finnish community-dwelling older adults from pre-COVID-19 to through the pandemic. Aging Clin Exp Res 2024; 36:85. [PMID: 38558262 PMCID: PMC10984880 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-024-02734-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among older people, community mobility was reduced at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, but the longer-term changes are unclear. AIMS To study lower extremity performance and car driving as predictors of changes in older adults' life-space mobility, autonomy in participation outdoors, and the risk of developing restricted life-space mobility from 2017 to 2022. METHODS Life-space mobility (scoring range 0-120) and autonomy in participation outdoors (scoring range 0-20) were assessed in community-dwelling individuals (n = 657) in 2017-2018 (baseline age 75, 80, or 85 years), during the first wave of COVID-19 in 2020, and in 2021-2022. Lower extremity performance was assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery, and car driving was self-reported at baseline. Data were analysed using generalized estimating equations and Cox regression. RESULTS During the first wave of COVID-19 in 2020, life-space mobility decreased on average by 10.3 (SD 21.6) points and partially recovered in 2021-2022 (+ 2.7, SD 21.8). The same pattern was observed for autonomy in participation outdoors. Non-drivers and those with impaired lower extremity performance had a 2.4-to-3.6-fold adjusted risk of developing restricted life-space mobility over the follow-up period compared to drivers with intact lower extremity performance. CONCLUSIONS For older people, the recovery of community mobility was incomplete after the restrictions stemming from the pandemic were lifted. Older adults with impaired lower extremity performance and who did not drive were particularly vulnerable to developing restricted life-space mobility, a situation that could lead to social isolation and reduced well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Lindeman
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Laura Karavirta
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kaisa Koivunen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kirsi E Keskinen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Johanna Eronen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Center of Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Lindeman K, Karavirta L, Eronen J, Kajan N, Portegijs E, Rantanen T. Physical Activity Changes From Before to During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Finland. J Aging Phys Act 2024; 32:198-206. [PMID: 38016452 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2022-0281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare community-dwelling older adults' physical activity (PA) during the COVID-19 restrictions in 2020 to their PA levels 2 years before and investigate associations between earlier physical performance and PA levels over the follow-up. Participants' (n = 809, initial age 75-85 years) self-reported PA was assessed at baseline in 2017-2018 and May/June 2020 as total weekly minutes of walking and vigorous PA. Physical performance was assessed at baseline using the maximal handgrip strength and Short Physical Performance Battery tests. During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, a median change in total weekly minutes of walking and vigorous PA among all participants was + 20.0 (interquartile range: -60.0 to 120.0, p < .001) min per week compared with 2 years earlier. Higher baseline Short Physical Performance Battery total scores were associated with higher total weekly minutes of walking and vigorous PA over the follow-up in men and women, and better handgrip strength in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Lindeman
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Laura Karavirta
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Johanna Eronen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Niina Kajan
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Center of Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Karavirta L, Leppä H, Rantalainen T, Eronen J, Portegijs E, Rantanen T. Physical activity scaled to preferred walking speed as a predictor of walking difficulty in older adults: a 2-year follow-up. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 77:597-604. [PMID: 34590115 PMCID: PMC8893185 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The usual accelerometry-based measures of physical activity (PA) are dependent on physical performance. We investigated the associations between PA relative to walking performance and the prevalence and incidence of early and advanced walking difficulties compared to generally used measures of PA. Methods Perceived walking difficulty was evaluated in 994 community-dwelling participants at baseline (age 75, 80, or 85 years) and 2 years later over 2 km (early difficulty) and 500 m (advanced difficulty). We used a thigh-mounted accelerometer to assess moderate-to-vigorous PA, daily mean acceleration, and relative PA as movement beyond the intensity of preferred walking speed in a 6-minute walking test (PArel). Self-reported PA was assessed using questionnaires. Results The prevalence and incidence were 36.2% and 18.9% for early and 22.4% and 14.9% for advanced walking difficulty, respectively. PArel was lower in participants with prevalent (mean 42 [SD 45] vs 69 [91] min/week, p < .001) but not incident early walking difficulty (53 [75] vs 72 [96] min/week, p = .15) compared to those without difficulty. The associations between absolute measures of PA and incident walking difficulty were attenuated when adjusted for preferred walking speed. Conclusions The variation in habitual PA may not explain the differences in the development of new walking difficulty. Differences in physical performance explain a meaningful part of the association of PA with incident walking difficulty. Scaling of accelerometry to preferred walking speed demonstrated independence on physical performance and warrants future study as a promising indicator of PA in observational studies among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Karavirta
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Heidi Leppä
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Timo Rantalainen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Johanna Eronen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Koivunen K, Portegijs E, Sillanpää E, Eronen J, Kokko K, Rantanen T. Maintenance of high quality of life as an indicator of resilience during COVID-19 social distancing among community-dwelling older adults in Finland. Qual Life Res 2021; 31:713-722. [PMID: 34570331 PMCID: PMC8475423 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-021-03002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic reduced possibilities for activities of choice potentially threatening quality of life (QoL). We defined QoL resilience as maintaining high quality of life and studied whether walking speed, absence of loneliness, living arrangement, and stress-coping ability predict QoL resilience among older people. METHODS Community-dwelling 75-, 80-, and 85-year-old persons (n = 685) were interviewed and examined in 2017-2018 and were followed up during COVID-19 social distancing in 2020. We assessed QoL using the OPQOL-brief scale and set a cut-off for 'constant high' based on staying in the highest baseline quartile over the follow-up and categorized all others as having 'low/moderate'. Perceived restrictiveness of the social distancing recommendations was examined with one item and was categorized as 'yes' or 'no' restrictiveness. RESULTS Better stress-coping ability (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.14-1.28) and not being lonely (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.48-4.63) increased the odds for constant high QoL from before to amid social distancing, and the odds did not differ according to the perceived restrictiveness of the social distancing recommendations. Higher walking speed predicted constant high QoL only among those perceiving restrictiveness (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.07-1.27). Living arrangement did not predict constant high QoL. CONCLUSION During social distancing, psychosocial resources helped to maintain good QoL regardless how restrictive the social distancing recommendations were perceived to be. Better physical capacity was important for constant high QoL only among those perceiving restrictiveness presumably because it enabled replacing blocked activities with open outdoor physical activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaisa Koivunen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Department of Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elina Sillanpää
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Eronen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Katja Kokko
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Portegijs E, Saajanaho M, Leppä H, Koivunen K, Eronen J, Rantanen T. Impact of mobility restrictions on active aging; cross-sectional associations and longitudinal changes parallel to COVID-19 restrictions. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2021; 98:104522. [PMID: 34638047 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2021.104522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meaningful activities can be done in or around home, but opportunities for participation and active aging decrease when moving in smaller areas. Active aging refers to having an active approach to life in line with one's goals, ability and opportunities. In adults over 75 years with different baseline neighborhood mobility levels, we studied active aging scores two years prior to and amid COVID-19, when governments restricted mobility of residents to slow the COVID-19 outbreak. METHODS AGNES cohort data were collected in 2017-2018 and spring 2020. Individuals were queried about their will, ability, and opportunity, and extent of doing 17 activities, and subsequently, item, composite and sub-scores of active aging were computed. Neighborhood mobility was assessed as frequency of moving in or beyond own neighborhood (limited, regular, daily=reference). Associations were studied using Generalized Linear Models (cross-sectionally, n = 1007) and General Estimating Equations (prospectively, n = 774). RESULTS Participants with limited baseline neighborhood mobility had lower active aging scores than those with daily mobility, but the decline over time was similar. Some item scores on opportunity to act and extent of doing, e.g. for making one's day more interesting and advancing matters of faith or worldview, were better retained amid COVID-19 by those with limited mobility, attenuating group differences. CONCLUSIONS Active aging scores were somewhat compromised in individuals with limited neighborhood mobility, but opportunities for and engagement in several activities seemed to be better retained amid COVID-19 than for those with daily mobility. Thus, active aging may be possible despite mobility restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erja Portegijs
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Milla Saajanaho
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Heidi Leppä
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kaisa Koivunen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Johanna Eronen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Aartolahti E, Eronen J, Törmäkangas T, Rantanen T, Hirvensalo M, Palmberg L, Skantz H, Viljanen A, Portegijs E, Iwarsson S, Rantakokko M. Perceived Opportunities for Physical Activity and Willingness to Be More Active in Older Adults with Different Physical Activity Levels. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:6146. [PMID: 34200182 PMCID: PMC8201061 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18116146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This study examined equity in physical activity (PA) by investigating whether perceived opportunity for PA was associated with willingness to be more active. Among community residents (75, 80, or 85 years old, n = 962) perceived opportunity for PA (poor and good), willingness to be more active (not at all, a bit, and a lot), and level of PA (low, moderate, and high) were assessed via questionnaires. Multinomial logistic regression showed that physical activity moderated the association between poor opportunity and willingness to increase PA. Among those with moderate PA, poor opportunity for PA increased the odds of willingness to be a lot more active (multinomial odds ratio, mOR 3.90, 95% confidence interval 2.21-6.87) than not wanting to be more active compared to those perceiving good opportunities. Associations were similar at high PA levels (p < 0.001), but were not found at low PA levels. Those with moderate or high PA wish to increase their activity particularly when the perceived opportunities for activity are not optimal. Among those with low PA, perceived opportunities are not associated with a perceived need to increase physical activity. Increasing equity in physical activity in old age requires provision of support and opportunities at every level of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eeva Aartolahti
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; (J.E.); (T.T.); (T.R.); (M.H.); (L.P.); (H.S.); (A.V.); (E.P.)
- Institute of Rehabilitation, JAMK University of Applied Sciences, FI-40100 Jyväskylä, Finland;
| | - Johanna Eronen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; (J.E.); (T.T.); (T.R.); (M.H.); (L.P.); (H.S.); (A.V.); (E.P.)
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Timo Törmäkangas
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; (J.E.); (T.T.); (T.R.); (M.H.); (L.P.); (H.S.); (A.V.); (E.P.)
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; (J.E.); (T.T.); (T.R.); (M.H.); (L.P.); (H.S.); (A.V.); (E.P.)
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Mirja Hirvensalo
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; (J.E.); (T.T.); (T.R.); (M.H.); (L.P.); (H.S.); (A.V.); (E.P.)
| | - Lotta Palmberg
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; (J.E.); (T.T.); (T.R.); (M.H.); (L.P.); (H.S.); (A.V.); (E.P.)
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Heidi Skantz
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; (J.E.); (T.T.); (T.R.); (M.H.); (L.P.); (H.S.); (A.V.); (E.P.)
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Anne Viljanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; (J.E.); (T.T.); (T.R.); (M.H.); (L.P.); (H.S.); (A.V.); (E.P.)
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; (J.E.); (T.T.); (T.R.); (M.H.); (L.P.); (H.S.); (A.V.); (E.P.)
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Susanne Iwarsson
- Department of Health Sciences & Centre for Ageing and Supportive Environments (CASE), Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Merja Rantakokko
- Institute of Rehabilitation, JAMK University of Applied Sciences, FI-40100 Jyväskylä, Finland;
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Rantanen T, Eronen J, Kauppinen M, Kokko K, Sanaslahti S, Kajan N, Portegijs E. Life-Space Mobility and Active Aging as Factors Underlying Quality of Life Among Older People Before and During COVID-19 Lockdown in Finland-A Longitudinal Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:e60-e67. [PMID: 33125043 PMCID: PMC7665359 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Social distancing, i.e. avoiding places with other people and staying at home, was recommended to prevent viral transmission during the COVID-19 pandemic. Potentially, reduced out-of-home mobility and lower activity levels among older people may lower their quality of life (QOL). We studied cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of and changes in life-space mobility, active ageing and QOL during COVID-19 social distancing compared to two years before. Methods Altogether 809 community-living participants initially aged 75, 80 or 85 years of our active aging study (AGNES) conducted in 2017-2018 took part in the current AGNES-COVID-19 survey in May and June 2020. Outdoor mobility was assessed with the Life-Space Assessment (range 0-120). Active approach to life was assessed with the University of Jyväskylä Active Aging Scale (range 0–272), and QOL with the shortened Older People’s Quality of Life Questionnaire (range13-65; higher scores better for all). Data were analyzed with General Estimating Equations, General Linear Models, and Oneway-ANOVA. Results Life-space mobility (B -10.8, SE 0.75, p<0.001), the active ageing score (B -24.1, SE 0.88, p<0.001) and the QOL score (B -1.65, SE 0.21, p<0.001) were lower during COVID-19 social distancing vs. two years before. Concurrent life-space mobility and active ageing scores, age and sex explained 48% of QOL at the baseline and 42% during social distancing. Longitudinally, steeper declines in all three variables coincided. Conclusions The observed declines indicate compliance with social distancing recommendation, but underline the importance of participation in meaningful life situations as a factor underlying good QOL also during COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taina Rantanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Johanna Eronen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Markku Kauppinen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Katja Kokko
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Sini Sanaslahti
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Niina Kajan
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland
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Eronen J, Paakkari L, Portegijs E, Saajanaho M, Rantanen T. Health literacy supports active aging. Prev Med 2021; 143:106330. [PMID: 33220399 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
From the individual viewpoint, active aging refers to the ability of older persons, depending on their goals, functional capacity and opportunities, to engage in desired activities. This study investigated the role of health literacy in active aging among persons differing in their number of chronic conditions. Data were collected from 948 individuals, 57% women, aged 75, 80 and 85 in 2017-2018 in the city of Jyväskylä in Central Finland. Health literacy was assessed with the 16-question version of the European Health Literacy Survey (HLS-EU-Q16), active aging with the University of Jyväskylä Active Aging Scale (UJACAS) and self-reported physician-diagnosed chronic conditions. Both health literacy (r = 0.40) and number of chronic conditions (r = -0.21) correlated with the active aging score. Linear regression models revealed that health literacy was a stronger predictor than chronic conditions of active aging (β 0.18, p < 0.001 vs. β -0.06, p = 0.030) and that its predictive value remained statistically significant after adjustment for cognitive capacity, number of depressive symptoms, physical performance and length of education. Higher health literacy can enable older persons, including those with multiple chronic conditions, to maintain higher levels of active aging. As more people are projected to live with chronic conditions to older ages, health literacy may help them to cope with illnesses and functional limitations and lead a fulfilling life. These cross-sectional findings lay a foundation for future prospective and experimental studies on health literacy and active aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Eronen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Leena Paakkari
- Research Center for Health Promotion, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Milla Saajanaho
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
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Skantz H, Rantanen T, Palmberg L, Rantalainen T, Aartolahti E, Portegijs E, Viljanen A, Eronen J, Rantakokko M. Outdoor Mobility and Use of Adaptive or Maladaptive Walking Modifications Among Older People. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 75:806-812. [PMID: 31353400 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glz172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In old age, decline in functioning may cause changes in walking ability. Our aim was to study whether older people who report adaptive, maladaptive, or no walking modifications differ in outdoor mobility. METHODS Community-dwelling people aged 75-90 years (N = 848) were interviewed at baseline, of whom 761 participated in the 2-year follow-up. Walking modifications were assessed by asking the participants whether they had modified their way of walking 2 km due to their health. Based on the responses, three categories were formed: no walking modifications (reference), adaptive (eg, walking more slowly, using an aid), and maladaptive walking modifications (reduced frequency of walking, or having given up walking 2 km). Differences between these categories in life-space mobility, autonomy in participation outdoors, and unmet physical activity need were analyzed using generalized estimation equation models. RESULTS Participants with maladaptive walking modifications (n = 238) reported the most restricted life-space mobility (β = -9.6, SE = 2.5, p < .001) and autonomy in participation outdoors (β = 1.7, SE = 0.6, p = .004) and the highest prevalence of unmet physical activity need (odds ratio = 4.3, 95% confidence interval = 1.1-16.5) at baseline and showed a decline in these variables over time. Those with no walking modifications (n = 285) at baseline exhibited the best values in all outdoor mobility variables and no change over time. Although at baseline those with adaptive walking modifications (n = 325) resembled those with no modifications, their outdoor mobility declined over time. CONCLUSION Adopting adaptive modifications may postpone decline in outdoor mobility, whereas the use of maladaptive modifications has unfavorable consequences for outdoor mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Skantz
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, Finland
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, Finland
| | - Lotta Palmberg
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, Finland
| | - Timo Rantalainen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, Finland
| | - Eeva Aartolahti
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, Finland
| | - Anne Viljanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, Finland
| | - Johanna Eronen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, Finland
| | - Merja Rantakokko
- JAMK University of Applied Sciences, School of Health and Social Studies, Jyväskylä, Finland
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10
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Gao Y, Rantalainen T, Finni T, Portegijs E, Eronen J, Rantanen T, Rantakokko M. Daily Physical Activity and Sedentary Time Assessed by Acceleration Based on Mean Amplitude Deviation among Older People. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17186887. [PMID: 32967156 PMCID: PMC7560095 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Accelerometer-derived estimates of physical activity (PA) and sedentary time have been an important methodological focus. However, little is known about the daily activities among older people during their normal lives. Furthermore, some older individuals would like to be more active, yet experience an unmet PA need, which is defined as the desire to engage in more PA but without the opportunity to act on the desire. This study examined the intensity of daily PA and sedentary behavior measured with accelerometers among older people, and whether PA differs between weekdays and weekends and those with and without the experience of unmet PA need, measured with self-reports. A total of 174 community-dwelling older people (64% female) aged 75 to 90 years used an accelerometer for 7 consecutive days during waking hours, and the results were classified for sedentary behavior (thresholds of 0.0167 g), light activity (0.091 g), and moderate-to-vigorous activity (MVPA, 0.414 g) based on mean amplitude deviation (g). We found that during weekdays, older people engaged slightly more in light activity and had less sedentary time than during weekends. In total, 7.6% of the participants perceived an unmet PA need. Accordingly, those with unmet PA needs spent less time in MVPA, especially during weekdays, and they might benefit from PA-enabling interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; (T.R.); (T.F.); (E.P.); (J.E.); (T.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Timo Rantalainen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; (T.R.); (T.F.); (E.P.); (J.E.); (T.R.)
| | - Taija Finni
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; (T.R.); (T.F.); (E.P.); (J.E.); (T.R.)
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; (T.R.); (T.F.); (E.P.); (J.E.); (T.R.)
| | - Johanna Eronen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; (T.R.); (T.F.); (E.P.); (J.E.); (T.R.)
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; (T.R.); (T.F.); (E.P.); (J.E.); (T.R.)
| | - Merja Rantakokko
- School of Health and Social Studies, JAMK University of Applied Sciences, 40101 Jyväskylä, Finland;
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11
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Portegijs E, Keskinen KE, Eronen J, Saajanaho M, Rantakokko M, Rantanen T. Older Adults' Physical Activity and the Relevance of Distances to Neighborhood Destinations and Barriers to Outdoor Mobility. Front Public Health 2020; 8:335. [PMID: 32850580 PMCID: PMC7426456 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To determine the relevance of features located close to home and further away, our aim was to study associations between older adults' physical activity and self-reported neighborhood destinations and barriers to outdoor mobility categorized by presence and maximal distance from home. Methods: Cross-sectional analyses comprising men and women 79-94 years old (57%) living independently in Central Finland (n = 185). Self-reported physical activity was categorized into lower (≤3 h moderate activity a week) and higher (≥4 h moderate or intense activity a week) activity. Assisted by interviewers, participants located on an interactive map destinations perceived to facilitate and barriers perceived to hinder outdoor mobility in their neighborhood. Participants' home addresses were geolocated. Euclidean distances between home and reported locations were computed, and the maximal distance from home to neighborhood destinations and barriers, respectively, was categorized based using four common buffer distances, i.e., 250 m, 500 m, 750 m, and 1 km. Participants reporting destinations or barriers within and beyond the respective distance were compared with those reporting none. Results: About 80% of participants reported neighborhood destinations and 55% neighborhood barriers to outdoor mobility. Barriers were generally located closer to home than destinations [median 166 m (range 25 m-6.10 km) vs. 492 m (5 m-2.7 km)]. Logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, and physical performance showed that neighborhood destinations increased the odds for higher physical activity when located beyond 500 m from home [OR 2.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-8.54], but not when located solely within 500 m (OR 1.70, 95% CI 0.30-9.61), in comparison with when reporting no destinations. In contrast, neighborhood barriers decreased the odds for higher physical activity when solely located within 500 m (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.14-0.72), but not when any barrier was located beyond 500 m (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.23-3.99), compared with when reporting no barriers. Associations were similar for 250-m buffer distances, but not robust for 750-m and 1,000-m buffers because of lower prevalence. Conclusion: Neighborhood barriers to outdoor mobility located close to home were associated with lower physical activity of older adults, whereas barriers further away were not. Attractive destinations for outdoor mobility located further away from home correlated with higher physical activity, potentially by motivating one to go out and be physically active. Temporal relationships warrant further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erja Portegijs
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kirsi E. Keskinen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Johanna Eronen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Milla Saajanaho
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Merja Rantakokko
- School of Health and Social Studies, JAMK University of Applied Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, Finland
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12
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Skantz H, Rantanen T, Rantalainen T, Keskinen KE, Palmberg L, Portegijs E, Eronen J, Rantakokko M. Associations between Perceived Outdoor Environment and Walking Modifications in Community-Dwelling Older People: A Two-Year Follow-Up Study. J Aging Health 2020; 32:1538-1551. [PMID: 32720836 PMCID: PMC8688982 DOI: 10.1177/0898264320944289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: To examine associations of perceived outdoor environment with the prevalence and development of adaptive (e.g., slower pace) and maladaptive (e.g., avoiding walking) modifications in walking 2 km among older people. Methods: Community-dwelling 75-90 -year-old persons (N = 848) reported environmental outdoor mobility facilitators and barriers at baseline. Modifications in walking 2 km (adaptive, maladaptive, or no) were assessed at baseline and one and two years later. Results: Outdoor mobility facilitators were more often reported by those not using modifications or using adaptive versus maladaptive walking modifications. Differences in health and physical capacity explained most of the associations between outdoor mobility barriers and walking modifications. Perceived outdoor environment did not systematically predict future adaptive or maladaptive walking modifications. Discussion: Facilitators may compensate the declined physical capacity and alleviate the strain of walking longer distances by enabling the use of adaptive walking modifications, while lack of such facilitators fuels avoidance of walking longer distances.
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13
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Tourunen A, Siltanen S, Portegijs E, Eronen J, Rantanen T, Saajanaho M. Assimilative and Accommodative Coping and Older People's Leisure Activities. J Aging Health 2019; 32:778-786. [PMID: 31156014 DOI: 10.1177/0898264319852002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Assimilative and accommodative coping strategies have hardly been studied in relation to leisure activities in old age. We investigated whether tenacious goal pursuit (TGP) and flexible goal adjustment (FGA) influence the association between physical performance and participation in leisure activities. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted among 187 community-dwelling people aged 79 to 93 years. TGP, FGA, and leisure activity participation were asked with questionnaires. Physical performance was assessed with the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Results: TGP moderated the relationship between physical performance and leisure activity participation. Despite low physical performance, people with high TGP had close to mean level of leisure activity participation, whereas low TGP was associated with very little activity. Most notably, people without high TGP had fewer outdoor activities and group activities outside home. Similar effects were not found for FGA. Discussion: Persistency, rather than flexibility, in goal pursuit appears to help older people be active in their leisure time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Tourunen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sini Siltanen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Johanna Eronen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Milla Saajanaho
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
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14
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Eronen J, Paakkari L, Portegijs E, Saajanaho M, Rantanen T. Assessment of health literacy among older Finns. Aging Clin Exp Res 2019; 31:549-556. [PMID: 30578457 PMCID: PMC6439255 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-018-1104-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Aims This study examined the feasibility of the HLS-EU-Q16 (in Finnish) for use among older Finns and whether the health literacy score correlates with indicators of health and functioning. Methods To determine the feasibility of the instrument, we first conducted a focus group discussion with nine participants. For the quantitative analyses, we used data from the AGNES cohort study, collected between October 2017 and April 2018 at the University of Jyväskylä in Finland. 292 75-year-old Finnish men and women were interviewed face-to-face in their homes. Health literacy was measured with the HLS-EU-Q16 and health literacy score, ranging from 0 to 50, computed. The reproducibility of the instrument was test-retested. Chi-square tests were used to compare health literacy scores between participants by different socioeconomic variables, and Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated to study the associations of health literacy with cognition, depressive symptoms, chronic conditions, life-space mobility and physical performance. Results The mean health literacy score for all participants was 35.05 (SD 6.32). Participants who rated their financial situation and self-rated health as very good had the highest health literacy scores (38.85, SD 5.09 and 39.22, SD 6.77, respectively). Better health literacy was associated with better cognitive status, fewer depressive symptoms and chronic conditions, higher life-space mobility and better physical performance. Conclusions The HLS-EU-Q16 is a feasible measure for research purposes among older Finns. The associations between health literacy and indicators of health and functioning need to be more closely investigated in larger samples with a wider age-range.
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15
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Siltanen S, Rantanen T, Portegijs E, Karvonen A, Poranen-Clark T, Eronen J, Saajanaho M. FLEXIBLE AND TENACIOUS GOAL PURSUIT IN RELATION TO OUTDOOR MOBILITY IN OLD AGE. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.1143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Siltanen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finl
| | - T Rantanen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finl
| | - E Portegijs
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finl
| | | | - T Poranen-Clark
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finl
| | - J Eronen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finl
| | - M Saajanaho
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finl
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16
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Rantanen T, Saajanaho M, Karavirta L, Siltanen S, Rantakokko M, Viljanen A, Rantalainen T, Pynnönen K, Karvonen A, Lisko I, Palmberg L, Eronen J, Palonen EM, Hinrichs T, Kauppinen M, Kokko K, Portegijs E. Active aging - resilience and external support as modifiers of the disablement outcome: AGNES cohort study protocol. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:565. [PMID: 29716566 PMCID: PMC5930766 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5487-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Population aging increases the need for knowledge on positive aspects of aging, and contributions of older people to their own wellbeing and that of others. We defined active aging as an individual’s striving for elements of wellbeing with activities as per their goals, abilities and opportunities. This study examines associations of health, health behaviors, health literacy and functional abilities, environmental and social support with active aging and wellbeing. We will develop and validate assessment methods for physical activity and physical resilience suitable for research on older people, and examine their associations with active aging and wellbeing. We will examine cohort effects on functional phenotypes underlying active aging and disability. Methods For this population-based study, we plan to recruit 1000 participants aged 75, 80 or 85 years living in central Finland, by drawing personal details from the population register. Participants are interviewed on active aging, wellbeing, disability, environmental and social support, mobility, health behavior and health literacy. Physical activity and heart rate are monitored for 7 days with wearable sensors. Functional tests include hearing, vision, muscle strength, reaction time, exercise tolerance, mobility, and cognitive performance. Clinical examination by a nurse and physician includes an electrocardiogram, tests of blood pressure, orthostatic regulation, arterial stiffness, and lung function, as well as a review of chronic and acute conditions and prescribed medications. C-reactive protein, small blood count, cholesterol and vitamin D are analyzed from blood samples. Associations of factors potentially underlying active aging and wellbeing will be studied using multivariate methods. Cohort effects will be studied by comparing test results of physical and cognitive functioning with results of a cohort examined in 1989–90. Conclusions The current study will renew research on positive gerontology through the novel approach to active aging and by suggesting new biomarkers of resilience and active aging. Therefore, high interdisciplinary impact is expected. This cross-sectional study will not provide knowledge on temporal order of events or causality, but an innovative cross-sectional dataset provides opportunities for emergence of novel creative hypotheses and theories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taina Rantanen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Univerisity of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35 (viv 149), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Milla Saajanaho
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Univerisity of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35 (viv 149), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Laura Karavirta
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Univerisity of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35 (viv 149), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sini Siltanen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Univerisity of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35 (viv 149), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Merja Rantakokko
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Univerisity of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35 (viv 149), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Anne Viljanen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Univerisity of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35 (viv 149), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Timo Rantalainen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Univerisity of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35 (viv 149), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Katja Pynnönen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Univerisity of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35 (viv 149), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Anu Karvonen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Univerisity of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35 (viv 149), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Inna Lisko
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Univerisity of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35 (viv 149), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Lotta Palmberg
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Univerisity of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35 (viv 149), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Johanna Eronen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Univerisity of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35 (viv 149), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Eeva-Maija Palonen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Univerisity of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35 (viv 149), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Timo Hinrichs
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markku Kauppinen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Univerisity of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35 (viv 149), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Katja Kokko
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Univerisity of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35 (viv 149), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Univerisity of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35 (viv 149), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
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17
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Poranen-Clark T, von Bonsdorff MB, Rantakokko M, Portegijs E, Eronen J, Pynnönen K, Eriksson JG, Viljanen A, Rantanen T. The Temporal Association Between Executive Function and Life-Space Mobility in Old Age. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 73:835-839. [DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Taina Poranen-Clark
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Mikaela B von Bonsdorff
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Finland
| | - Merja Rantakokko
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Johanna Eronen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Katja Pynnönen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Finland
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Anne Viljanen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
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18
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Saajanaho M, Kokko K, Rantakokko M, Portegijs E, Eronen J, Poranen-Clark T, Rantanen T. TENACIOUS GOAL PURSUIT AND LIFE-SPACE MOBILITY AMONG OLDER PEOPLE WITH WALKING DIFFICULTIES. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.2347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Saajanaho
- Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Muurame, Finland
| | - K. Kokko
- Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Muurame, Finland
| | - M. Rantakokko
- Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Muurame, Finland
| | - E. Portegijs
- Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Muurame, Finland
| | - J. Eronen
- Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Muurame, Finland
| | | | - T. Rantanen
- Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Muurame, Finland
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19
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Poranen-Clark T, von Bonsdorff M, Rantakokko M, Portegijs E, Eronen J, Eriksson J, Rantanen T, Viljanen A. EXECUTIVE FUNCTION AND LIFE-SPACE MOBILITY IN OLD AGE. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.5068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - M. von Bonsdorff
- University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland,
- Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland,
| | | | | | - J. Eronen
- University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland,
| | - J.G. Eriksson
- Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland,
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,
- National Institute of Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - T. Rantanen
- University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland,
| | - A. Viljanen
- University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland,
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20
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Abstract
It has been theorized that life resources influence goal engagement. The aim of the present study was to examine whether personal characteristics, and socio-economic, social and health resources are associated with personal goal content in old age. The participants were 824 community-dwelling people aged 75-90 from the Life-Space Mobility in Old Age project. Personal goals were elicited using a revised version of the Personal Project Analysis in a structured interview. Cross-sectional bi- and multivariate analyses using logistic regression modelling were conducted. The results showed that the most commonly reported goals were health maintenance related. People with better health resources were more likely to report goals related to leisure-time, social and physical activities and less likely to report goals related to recovery of health. Those with poor social resources were at risk for having no personal goals in their lives. The results are in line with theorizing on the influence of life resources on goal setting in old age. Further longitudinal studies are needed on whether resource loss precedes goal modification, and how goal setting strategies influence both mental and physical well-being in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milla Saajanaho
- Department of Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Merja Rantakokko
- Department of Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Department of Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Timo Törmäkangas
- Department of Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Johanna Eronen
- Department of Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Li-Tang Tsai
- Department of Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Marja Jylhä
- Gerontology Research Center, School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Department of Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland
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21
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Saajanaho M, Rantakokko M, Portegijs E, Törmäkangas T, Eronen J, Tsai LT, Jylhä M, Rantanen T. Personal goals and changes in life-space mobility among older people. Prev Med 2015; 81:163-7. [PMID: 26348450 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Life-space mobility - the spatial extent of mobility in daily life - is associated with quality of life and physical functioning but may also be influenced by future orientation expressed in personal goals. The aim of this study was to explore how different personal goals predict changes in older people's life-space mobility. METHODS This prospective cohort study with a 2-year follow-up included 824 community-dwelling people aged 75 to 90 years from the municipalities of Jyväskylä and Muurame in Central Finland. As part of the Life-Space Mobility in Old Age study (LISPE), which was conducted between 2012 and 2014, the participants responded to the Life-Space Assessment and Personal Project Analysis in addition to questions on socio-demographics and health. Data were analyzed using generalized estimation equation models. RESULTS The results showed that goals indicating a desire to be active in daily life, to stay mentally alert, and to exercise were associated with higher life-space mobility, and that the associations remained over the follow-up years. Goals related to maintaining functioning predicted higher life-space mobility at the 2-year follow-up. In contrast, goals reflecting improvement of poor physical functioning predicted lower life-space mobility. The results remained significant even when adjusted for indicators of health and functioning. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that supporting older people in striving for relevant personal goals in their lives might contribute to a larger life-space and thus also to improved quality of life in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milla Saajanaho
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla FI-40014, Finland.
| | - Merja Rantakokko
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla FI-40014, Finland
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla FI-40014, Finland
| | - Timo Törmäkangas
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla FI-40014, Finland
| | - Johanna Eronen
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla FI-40014, Finland
| | - Li-Tang Tsai
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla FI-40014, Finland
| | - Marja Jylhä
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla FI-40014, Finland
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Rantanen T, Äyräväinen I, Eronen J, Lyyra T, Törmäkangas T, Vaarama M, Rantakokko M. The effect of an outdoor activities' intervention delivered by older volunteers on the quality of life of older people with severe mobility limitations: a randomized controlled trial. Aging Clin Exp Res 2015; 27:161-9. [PMID: 24952472 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-014-0254-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older community-living disabled people often have unmet activity needs and participation restrictions potentially reducing their quality of life (QoL). AIMS We examined the effects of an individualized out-of-home activity intervention delivered by volunteers on QoL among community-living older people, who have difficulty accessing the outdoors independently. METHODS Volunteering, Access to Outdoor Activities and Wellbeing in Older People (VOW; ISRCTN56847832) was a two-arm randomized single-blinded, controlled effectiveness trial (RCT) in Jyväskylä, Finland. The inclusion criteria were: age 65 or over, severe mobility limitation, able to communicate, and agree to participate in a RCT. Each intervention group member was assigned a trained volunteer with whom out-of-home activities were done once a week for 3 months (e.g., running errands or recreational activities). The primary outcome was the environmental subscore of QoL assessed with WHOQOL-BREF. Secondary outcomes were the overall QoL, physical capacity, psychological well-being, and social relationships assessed with WHOQOL_BREF and lower-extremity performance assessed with Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). RESULTS 121 people aged 67-92 years (mean age 81.9 years, SD 5.9, 90 % women) were randomized. No treatment effect on the environmental QoL subscore was observed, but for physical capacity subscore a significant treatment effect was observed (General Linear Model, Group by Time p = 0.001). No effects were observed for the other QoL subscores or for SPPB score. DISCUSSION This study suggests that individualized out-of-home activity intervention delivered by volunteers may influence the QoL of old severely mobility-limited community-living people in a positive way. CONCLUSION Further studies are needed to better understand how to improve QoL of older disabled community-living people and potentially buffer them against more severe care needs and institutionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taina Rantanen
- Gerontology Research Center and Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. BOX 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland,
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Tsai LT, Portegijs E, Rantakokko M, Viljanen A, Saajanaho M, Eronen J, Rantanen T. The association between objectively measured physical activity and life-space mobility among older people. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2014; 25:e368-73. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.12337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L.-T. Tsai
- Gerontology Research Center; Department of Health Sciences; University of Jyväskylä; Jyväskylä Finland
| | - E. Portegijs
- Gerontology Research Center; Department of Health Sciences; University of Jyväskylä; Jyväskylä Finland
| | - M. Rantakokko
- Gerontology Research Center; Department of Health Sciences; University of Jyväskylä; Jyväskylä Finland
| | - A. Viljanen
- Gerontology Research Center; Department of Health Sciences; University of Jyväskylä; Jyväskylä Finland
| | - M. Saajanaho
- Gerontology Research Center; Department of Health Sciences; University of Jyväskylä; Jyväskylä Finland
| | - J. Eronen
- Gerontology Research Center; Department of Health Sciences; University of Jyväskylä; Jyväskylä Finland
| | - T. Rantanen
- Gerontology Research Center; Department of Health Sciences; University of Jyväskylä; Jyväskylä Finland
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Eronen J, von Bonsdorff MB, Törmäkangas T, Rantakokko M, Portegijs E, Viljanen A, Rantanen T. Barriers to outdoor physical activity and unmet physical activity need in older adults. Prev Med 2014; 67:106-11. [PMID: 25045839 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To profile participants based on reported outdoor physical activity barriers using a data-driven approach, describe the profiles and study their association with unmet physical activity need. METHOD Cross-sectional analyses of 848 community-dwelling men and women aged 75-90 living in Central Finland in 2012. Barriers to outdoor physical activity and unmet physical activity need were enquired with a questionnaire. The latent profiles were identified by profiling participants into latent groups using a mixture modeling technique on the multivariate set of indicators of outdoor physical activity barriers. A path model was used to study the associations of the profiles with unmet physical activity need. RESULTS Five barrier profiles were identified. Profile A was characterized with minor barriers, profile B with weather barriers, profile C with health and weather barriers, profile D with barriers concerning insecurity, health and weather; and profile E with mobility and health barriers. The participants in the profiles differed in the proportion of individual and environmental barriers. The risk for unmet physical activity need was highest among people whose severe mobility difficulties restricted their outdoor physical activity. CONCLUSION Outdoor physical activity barriers reflect the imbalance in person-environment fit among older people, manifested as unmet physical activity need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Eronen
- Gerontology Research Center, Department of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 35 (VIV), FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Mikaela B von Bonsdorff
- Gerontology Research Center, Department of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 35 (VIV), FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Timo Törmäkangas
- Gerontology Research Center, Department of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 35 (VIV), FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Merja Rantakokko
- Gerontology Research Center, Department of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 35 (VIV), FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Gerontology Research Center, Department of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 35 (VIV), FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Anne Viljanen
- Gerontology Research Center, Department of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 35 (VIV), FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Gerontology Research Center, Department of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 35 (VIV), FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
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Saajanaho M, Viljanen A, Read S, Eronen J, Kaprio J, Jylhä M, Rantanen T. Mobility Limitation and Changes in Personal Goals Among Older Women. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2014; 71:1-10. [DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbu094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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Tsai LT, Rantakokko M, Portegijs E, Viljanen A, Saajanaho M, Eronen J, Rantanen T. Environmental mobility barriers and walking for errands among older people who live alone vs. with others. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:1054. [PMID: 24207063 PMCID: PMC4226209 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-1054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Walking is the most popular form of physical activity among older people and for community-dwelling older people walking for errands is especially important. The aim of this study is to examine the association between self-reported environmental mobility barriers and amount of walking for errands among older people who live alone compared to those who live with others. Methods This observational study is based on cross-sectional data on 657 people aged 75–81 living in Jyväskylä, Central Finland. Self-reports of environmental mobility barriers were collected under four categories: Traffic, Terrain, Distances and Entrance. Persons who reported walking for errands ≤ 1.5 km/week or at most once a week were categorized as having low amount of walking for errands (LOWER). High walking for errands (HIGWER) was defined as the highest quartile of kilometers walked per week (cut-off 8.5 km, referent). The rest were defined as having moderate amount of walking for errands (MODWER). Multinominal regression analysis was used to compare the odds for LOWER vs. HIGWER and MODWER vs. HIGWER, which were formed for each environmental mobility barrier separately. Results Participants walked on average 6.5 km (SD 5.2) and 4.0 times (SD 2.2) per week and 14% reported LOWER. Persons living alone (57% of the participants) reported environmental mobility barriers more often than those living with others. LOWER was more common among those living with others. Among those living with others, all the environmental mobility barriers increased the odds for LOWER. In turn, among those living alone, only Distance- and Entrance- related environmental mobility barriers increased the odds for LOWER. People living alone typically run errands by themselves and become better aware of the barriers to environmental mobility, while those living with others have less exposure to environmental mobility barriers, as their walking for errands is more likely to be low. Conclusions These findings emphasize the need to take living arrangements into account when analyzing the association between environmental mobility barriers and walking for errands. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to better understand the temporal order of events and to find ways to enhance walking for errands among older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Tang Tsai
- Gerontology Research Center and Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P,O,Box 35, Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland.
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Rantanen T, Portegijs E, Viljanen A, Eronen J, Saajanaho M, Tsai LT, Kauppinen M, Palonen EM, Sipilä S, Iwarsson S, Rantakokko M. Individual and environmental factors underlying life space of older people - study protocol and design of a cohort study on life-space mobility in old age (LISPE). BMC Public Health 2012; 12:1018. [PMID: 23170987 PMCID: PMC3534010 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-1018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A crucial issue for the sustainability of societies is how to maintain health and functioning in older people. With increasing age, losses in vision, hearing, balance, mobility and cognitive capacity render older people particularly exposed to environmental barriers. A central building block of human functioning is walking. Walking difficulties may start to develop in midlife and become increasingly prevalent with age. Life-space mobility reflects actual mobility performance by taking into account the balance between older adults internal physiologic capacity and the external challenges they encounter in daily life. The aim of the Life-Space Mobility in Old Age (LISPE) project is to examine how home and neighborhood characteristics influence people's health, functioning, disability, quality of life and life-space mobility in the context of aging. In addition, examine whether a person's health and function influence life-space mobility. DESIGN This paper describes the study protocol of the LISPE project, which is a 2-year prospective cohort study of community-dwelling older people aged 75 to 90 (n = 848). The data consists of a baseline survey including face-to-face interviews, objective observation of the home environment and a physical performance test in the participant's home. All the baseline participants will be interviewed over the phone one and two years after baseline to collect data on life-space mobility, disability and participation restriction. Additional home interviews and environmental evaluations will be conducted for those who relocate during the study period. Data on mortality and health service use will be collected from national registers. In a substudy on walking activity and life space, 358 participants kept a 7-day diary and, in addition, 176 participants also wore an accelerometer. DISCUSSION Our study, which includes extensive data collection with a large sample, provides a unique opportunity to study topics of importance for aging societies. A novel approach is employed which enables us to study the interactions of environmental features and individual characteristics underlying the life-space of older people. Potentially, the results of this study will contribute to improvements in strategies to postpone or prevent progression to disability and loss of independence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taina Rantanen
- Gerontology Research Center and Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Gerontology Research Center and Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland
| | - Anne Viljanen
- Gerontology Research Center and Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland
| | - Johanna Eronen
- Gerontology Research Center and Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland
| | - Milla Saajanaho
- Gerontology Research Center and Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland
| | - Li-Tang Tsai
- Gerontology Research Center and Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland
| | - Markku Kauppinen
- Gerontology Research Center and Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland
| | - Eeva-Maija Palonen
- Gerontology Research Center and Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland
| | - Sarianna Sipilä
- Gerontology Research Center and Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland
| | | | - Merja Rantakokko
- Gerontology Research Center and Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland
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Eronen J, von Bonsdorff M, Rantakokko M, Rantanen T. Accumulation of disparity in physical activity in old age. Aging Clin Exp Res 2012; 24:475-9. [PMID: 22531224 DOI: 10.3275/8389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The level of physical activity often declines in old age, although many older people would like to be more active than what they are capable of. This leads to unmet physical activity need, the feeling that one's level of physical activity is inadequate, which is a manifestation of disparity in physical activity in old age. The accumulation of risk factors, including mobility limitations, low socioeconomic status (SES) and lack of social support may increase disparity in physical activity. The aim of this study was to investigate how the accumulation of risk factors is associated with unmet physical activity need in older community-living people. METHODS The study was based on cross-sectional analyses of an observational study with 632 participants. Unmet physical activity need, SES, mobility limitations and availability of social support were self-reported by standardized questionnaires. RESULTS Having mobility limitations increased the risk of unmet physical activity need almost four-fold compared to those with no mobility limitations; having mobility limitations and either low SES or not having social support increased the risk over four-fold and having mobility limitations, low SES and no social support further increased the risk over seven-fold. CONCLUSIONS We found that accumulation of risk factors increases disparity in physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Eronen
- Department of Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
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