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Fuqua JD, Lawrence MM, Hettinger ZR, Borowik AK, Brecheen PL, Szczygiel MM, Abbott CB, Peelor FF, Confides AL, Kinter M, Bodine SC, Dupont‐Versteegden EE, Miller BF. Impaired proteostatic mechanisms other than decreased protein synthesis limit old skeletal muscle recovery after disuse atrophy. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023; 14:2076-2089. [PMID: 37448295 PMCID: PMC10570113 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle mass and strength diminish during periods of disuse but recover upon return to weight bearing in healthy adults but are incomplete in old muscle. Efforts to improve muscle recovery in older individuals commonly aim at increasing myofibrillar protein synthesis via mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) stimulation despite evidence demonstrating that old muscle has chronically elevated levels of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activity. We hypothesized that protein synthesis is higher in old muscle than adult muscle, which contributes to a proteostatic stress that impairs recovery. METHODS We unloaded hindlimbs of adult (10-month) and old (28-month) F344BN rats for 14 days to induce atrophy, followed by reloading up to 60 days with deuterium oxide (D2 O) labelling to study muscle regrowth and proteostasis. RESULTS We found that old muscle has limited recovery of muscle mass during reloading despite having higher translational capacity and myofibrillar protein synthesis (0.029 k/day ± 0.002 vs. 0.039 k/day ± 0.002, P < 0.0001) than adult muscle. We showed that collagen protein synthesis was not different (0.005 k (1/day) ± 0.0005 vs. 0.004 k (1/day) ± 0.0005, P = 0.15) in old compared to adult, but old muscle had higher collagen concentration (4.5 μg/mg ± 1.2 vs. 9.8 μg/mg ± 0.96, P < 0.01), implying that collagen breakdown was slower in old muscle than adult muscle. This finding was supported by old muscle having more insoluble collagen (4.0 ± 1.1 vs. 9.2 ± 0.9, P < 0.01) and an accumulation of advanced glycation end products (1.0 ± 0.06 vs. 1.5 ± 0.08, P < 0.001) than adult muscle during reloading. Limited recovery of muscle mass during reloading is in part due to higher protein degradation (0.017 1/t ± 0.002 vs. 0.028 1/t ± 0.004, P < 0.05) and/or compromised proteostasis as evidenced by accumulation of ubiquitinated insoluble proteins (1.02 ± 0.06 vs. 1.22 ± 0.06, P < 0.05). Last, we showed that synthesis of individual proteins related to protein folding/refolding, protein degradation and neural-related biological processes was higher in old muscle during reloading than adult muscle. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the failure of old muscle to recover after disuse is not due to limitations in the ability to synthesize myofibrillar proteins but because of other impaired proteostatic mechanisms (e.g., protein folding and degradation). These data provide novel information on individual proteins that accumulate in protein aggregates after disuse and certain biological processes such as protein folding and degradation that likely play a role in impaired recovery. Therefore, interventions to enhance regrowth of old muscle after disuse should be directed towards the identified impaired proteostatic mechanisms and not aimed at increasing protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan D. Fuqua
- Aging & Metabolism Research ProgramOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Marcus M. Lawrence
- Aging & Metabolism Research ProgramOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
- Department of Kinesiology and Outdoor RecreationSouthern Utah UniversityCedar CityUTUSA
| | - Zachary R. Hettinger
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
- Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
| | - Agnieszka K. Borowik
- Aging & Metabolism Research ProgramOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Parker L. Brecheen
- Aging & Metabolism Research ProgramOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Marcelina M. Szczygiel
- Aging & Metabolism Research ProgramOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Claire B. Abbott
- Aging & Metabolism Research ProgramOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Frederick F. Peelor
- Aging & Metabolism Research ProgramOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Amy L. Confides
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
- Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
| | - Michael Kinter
- Aging & Metabolism Research ProgramOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Sue C. Bodine
- Aging & Metabolism Research ProgramOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research CenterUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
- Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical CenterIowa CityIAUSA
| | - Esther E. Dupont‐Versteegden
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
- Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
| | - Benjamin F. Miller
- Aging & Metabolism Research ProgramOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
- Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
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Penniman CM, Bhardwaj G, Nowers CJ, Brown CU, Junck TL, Boyer CK, Jena J, Fuqua JD, Lira VA, O'Neill BT. Loss of FoxOs in muscle increases strength and mitochondrial function during aging. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023; 14:243-259. [PMID: 36442857 PMCID: PMC9891940 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle mitochondrial decline is associated with aging-related muscle weakness and insulin resistance. FoxO transcription factors are targets of insulin action and deletion of FoxOs improves mitochondrial function in diabetes. However, disruptions in proteostasis and autophagy are hallmarks of aging and the effect of chronic inhibition of FoxOs in aged muscle is unknown. This study investigated the role of FoxOs in regulating muscle strength and mitochondrial function with age. METHODS We measured muscle strength, cross-sectional area, muscle fibre-type, markers of protein synthesis/degradation, central nuclei, glucose/insulin tolerance, and mitochondrial bioenergetics in 4.5-month (Young) and 22-24-month-old (Aged) muscle-specific FoxO1/3/4 triple KO (TKO) and littermate control (Ctrl) mice. RESULTS Lean mass was increased in Aged TKO compared with both Aged Ctrl and younger groups by 26-33% (P < 0.01). Muscle strength, measured by max force of tibialis anterior (TA) contraction, was 20% lower in Aged Ctrl compared with Young Ctrls (P < 0.01) but was not decreased in Aged TKOs. Increased muscle strength in Young and Aged TKO was associated with 18-48% increased muscle weights compared with Ctrls (P < 0.01). Muscle cross-sectional analysis of TA, soleus, and plantaris revealed increases in fibre size distribution and a 2.5-10-fold increase in central nuclei in Young and Aged TKO mice, without histologic signs of muscle damage. Age-dependent increases in Gadd45a and Ube4a expression as well accumulation of K48 polyubiquitinated proteins were observed in quad and TA but were prevented by FoxO deletion. Young and Aged TKO muscle showed minimal changes in autophagy flux and no accumulation of autophagosomes compared with Ctrl groups. Increased strength in Young and Aged TKO was associated with a 10-20% increase in muscle mitochondrial respiration using glutamate/malate/succinate compared with controls (P < 0.05). OXPHOS subunit expression and complex I activity were decreased 16-34% in Aged Ctrl compared with Young Ctrl but were prevented in Aged TKO. Both Aged Ctrl and Aged TKO showed impaired glucose tolerance by 33% compared to young groups (P < 0.05) indicating improved strength and mitochondrial respiration are not due to improved glycemia. CONCLUSIONS FoxO deletion increases muscle strength even during aging. Deletion of FoxOs maintains muscle strength in part by mild suppression of atrophic pathways, including inhibition of Gadd45a and Ube4a expression, without accumulation of autophagosomes in muscle. Deletion of FoxOs also improved mitochondrial function by maintenance of OXPHOS in both young and aged TKO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christie M Penniman
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 52242, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Gourav Bhardwaj
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 52242, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Colette J Nowers
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 52242, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Chandler U Brown
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 52242, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Taylor L Junck
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 52242, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Cierra K Boyer
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 52242, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Jayashree Jena
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 52242, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Jordan D Fuqua
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Department of Health and Human Physiology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Vitor A Lira
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Department of Health and Human Physiology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Brian T O'Neill
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 52242, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Veterans Affairs Health Care System, 52242, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Fuqua JD, Lawrence MM, Hettinger Z, Borowik AK, Peelor FF, Confides AL, Dupont‐Versteegden EE, Miller BF. Impaired Proteostasis, not Protein Synthesis, Limits Recovery of Aged Skeletal Muscle After Disuse Atrophy. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r3524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan D. Fuqua
- Aging & MetabolismOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOK
| | - Marcus M. Lawrence
- Oklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOK
- Kinesiology and Outdoor RecreationOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOK
| | - Zachary Hettinger
- Physical TherapyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY
- Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY
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Harris MP, Zhang QJ, Cochran CT, Ponce J, Alexander S, Kronemberger A, Fuqua JD, Zhang Y, Fattal R, Harper T, Murry ML, Grueter CE, Abel ED, Lira VA. Perinatal versus adult loss of ULK1 and ULK2 distinctly influences cardiac autophagy and function. Autophagy 2022; 18:2161-2177. [PMID: 35104184 PMCID: PMC9466614 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.2022289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Impairments in macroautophagy/autophagy, which degrades dysfunctional organelles as well as long-lived and aggregate proteins, are associated with several cardiomyopathies; however, the regulation of cardiac autophagy remains insufficiently understood. In this regard, ULK1 and ULK2 are thought to play primarily redundant roles in autophagy initiation, but whether their function is developmentally determined, potentially having an impact on cardiac integrity and function remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that perinatal loss of ULK1 or ULK2 in cardiomyocytes (cU1-KO and cU2-KO mice, respectively) enhances basal autophagy without altering autophagy machinery content while preserving cardiac function. This increased basal autophagy is dependent on the remaining ULK protein given that perinatal loss of both ULK1 and ULK2 in cU1/2-DKO mice impaired autophagy causing age-related cardiomyopathy and reduced survival. Conversely, adult loss of cardiac ULK1, but not of ULK2 (i.e., icU1-KO and icU2-KO mice, respectively), led to a rapidly developing cardiomyopathy, heart failure and early death. icU1-KO mice had impaired autophagy with robust deficits in mitochondrial respiration and ATP synthesis. Trehalose ameliorated autophagy impairments in icU1-KO hearts but did not delay cardiac dysfunction suggesting that ULK1 plays other critical, autophagy-independent, functions in the adult heart. Collectively, these results indicate that cardiac ULK1 and ULK2 are functionally redundant in the developing heart, while ULK1 assumes a more unique, prominent role in the adult heart. Abbreviations: ATG4: autophagy related 4, cysteine peptidase; ATG5: autophagy related 5; ATG7: autophagy related 7; ATG9: autophagy related 9; ATG13: autophagy related 13; CYCS: Cytochrome C; DNM1L, dynamin 1-like; MAP1LC3A: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha; MAP1LC3B: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MFN1: mitofusin 1; MFN2: mitofusin 2; MT-CO1: mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I; MYH: myosin, heavy polypeptide; NBR1: NBR1 autophagy cargo receptor; NDUFA9: NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A9; OPA1: OPA1, mitochondrial dynamin like GTPase; PPARGC1A, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha; SDHA: succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit A, flavoprotein (Fp); SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; ULK1: unc-51 like kinase 1; ULK2: unc-51 like kinase 2; UQCRC1: ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase core protein 1
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Harris
- Department of Health & Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Quan J Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Cole T Cochran
- Department of Health & Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jessica Ponce
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Sean Alexander
- Department of Health & Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ana Kronemberger
- Department of Health & Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jordan D Fuqua
- Department of Health & Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ranan Fattal
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Tyler Harper
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Matthew L Murry
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Chad E Grueter
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Obesity Research and Education Initiative, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - E Dale Abel
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Obesity Research and Education Initiative, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Vitor A Lira
- Department of Health & Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Obesity Research and Education Initiative, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Lamin V, Verry J, Eigner-Bybee I, Fuqua JD, Wong T, Lira VA, Dokun AO. Modulation of miR-29a and ADAM12 Reduces Post-Ischemic Skeletal Muscle Injury and Improves Perfusion Recovery and Skeletal Muscle Function in a Mouse Model of Type 2 Diabetes and Peripheral Artery Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:429. [PMID: 35008854 PMCID: PMC8745107 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Both Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) are associated with an increased risk of limb amputation in peripheral arterial disease (PAD). How diabetes contributes to poor PAD outcomes is poorly understood but may occur through different mechanisms in DM1 and DM2. Previously, we identified a disintegrin and metalloproteinase gene 12 (ADAM12) as a key genetic modifier of post-ischemic perfusion recovery. In an experimental PAD, we showed that ADAM12 is regulated by miR-29a and this regulation is impaired in ischemic endothelial cells in DM1, contributing to poor perfusion recovery. Here we investigated whether miR-29a regulation of ADAM12 is altered in experimental PAD in the setting of DM2. We also explored whether modulation of miR-29a and ADAM12 expression can improve perfusion recovery and limb function in mice with DM2. Our result showed that in the ischemic limb of mice with DM2, miR-29a expression is poorly downregulated and ADAM12 upregulation is impaired. Inhibition of miR-29a and overexpression of ADAM12 improved perfusion recovery, reduced skeletal muscle injury, improved muscle function, and increased cleaved Tie 2 and AKT phosphorylation. Thus, inhibition of miR-29a and or augmentation of ADAM12 improves experimental PAD outcomes in DM2 likely through modulation of Tie 2 and AKT signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Lamin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (V.L.); (J.V.); (I.E.-B.); (T.W.)
| | - Joseph Verry
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (V.L.); (J.V.); (I.E.-B.); (T.W.)
| | - Isaac Eigner-Bybee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (V.L.); (J.V.); (I.E.-B.); (T.W.)
| | - Jordan D. Fuqua
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (J.D.F.); (V.A.L.)
| | - Thomas Wong
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (V.L.); (J.V.); (I.E.-B.); (T.W.)
| | - Vitor A. Lira
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (J.D.F.); (V.A.L.)
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Ayotunde O. Dokun
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (V.L.); (J.V.); (I.E.-B.); (T.W.)
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (J.D.F.); (V.A.L.)
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Bhardwaj G, Penniman CM, Jena J, Suarez Beltran PA, Foster C, Poro K, Junck TL, Hinton AO, Souvenir R, Fuqua JD, Morales PE, Bravo-Sagua R, Sivitz WI, Lira VA, Abel ED, O'Neill BT. Insulin and IGF-1 receptors regulate complex-I dependent mitochondrial bioenergetics and supercomplexes via FoxOs in muscle. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:e146415. [PMID: 34343133 DOI: 10.1172/jci146415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Decreased skeletal muscle strength and mitochondrial dysfunction are characteristic of diabetes. Action of insulin and IGF-1 through insulin receptor (IR) and IGF-1 receptor (IGF1R) maintain muscle mass via suppression of FoxOs, but whether FoxO activation coordinates atrophy in concert with mitochondrial dysfunction is unknown. We show that mitochondrial respiration and complex-I activity were decreased in streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic muscle, but these defects were reversed following muscle-specific FoxO1/3/4 triple knockout in STZ-FoxO TKO. In the absence of systemic glucose or lipid abnormalities, muscle-specific IR knockout (M-IR-/-) or combined IR/IGF1R knockout (MIGIRKO) impaired mitochondrial respiration, decreased ATP production, and increased ROS. These mitochondrial abnormalities were not present in muscle-specific IR/IGF1R and FoxO1/3/4 quintuple knockout mice (M-QKO). Acute tamoxifen-inducible deletion of IR/IGF1R also decreased muscle pyruvate respiration, complex-I activity, and supercomplex assembly. Although autophagy was increased when IR/IGF1R were deleted in muscle, mitophagy was not increased. Mechanistically, RNA-seq revealed that complex-I core subunits were decreased in STZ-diabetic and MIGIRKO muscle, and these changes were not present with FoxO knockout in STZ-FoxO TKO and M-QKO. Thus, insulin-deficient diabetes or loss of insulin/IGF-1 action in muscle decreases complex-I driven mitochondrial respiration and supercomplex assembly, in part by FoxO-mediated repression of Complex-I subunit expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gourav Bhardwaj
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States of America
| | - Christie M Penniman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States of America
| | - Jayashree Jena
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States of America
| | - Pablo A Suarez Beltran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States of America
| | - Collin Foster
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States of America
| | - Kennedy Poro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States of America
| | - Taylor L Junck
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States of America
| | - Antentor O Hinton
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States of America
| | - Rhonda Souvenir
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States of America
| | - Jordan D Fuqua
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States of America
| | - Pablo E Morales
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Roberto Bravo-Sagua
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - William I Sivitz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States of America
| | - Vitor A Lira
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States of America
| | - E Dale Abel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States of America
| | - Brian T O'Neill
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States of America
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de Sousa LGO, Marshall AG, Norman JE, Fuqua JD, Lira VA, Rutledge JC, Bodine SC. The effects of diet composition and chronic obesity on muscle growth and function. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 130:124-138. [PMID: 33211595 PMCID: PMC7944928 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00156.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet-induced obesity (DIO) is associated with glucose intolerance, insulin resistance (IR), and an increase in intramyocellular lipids (IMCL), which may lead to disturbances in glucose and protein metabolism. To this matter, it has been speculated that chronic obesity and elevated IMCL may contribute to skeletal muscle loss and deficits in muscle function and growth capacity. Thus, we hypothesized that diets with elevated fat content would induce obesity and insulin resistance, leading to a decrease in muscle mass and an attenuated growth response to increased external loading in adult male mice. Male C57BL/6 mice (8 wk of age) were subjected to five different diets, namely, chow, low-dat-diet (LFD), high-fat-diet (HFD), sucrose, or Western diet, for 28 wk. At 25 wk, HFD and Western diets induced a 60.4% and 35.9% increase in body weight, respectively. Interestingly, HFD, but not Western or sucrose, induced glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Measurement of isometric torque (ankle plantar flexor and ankle dorsiflexor muscles) revealed no effect of DIO on muscle function. At 28 wk of intervention, muscle area and protein synthesis were similar across all diet groups, despite insulin resistance and increased IMCL being observed in HFD and Western diet groups. In response to 30 days of functional overload, an attenuated growth response was observed in only the HFD group. Nevertheless, our results show that DIO alone is not sufficient to induce muscle atrophy and contractile dysfunction in adult male C57BL/6 mice. However, diet composition does have an impact on muscle growth in response to increased external loading.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The effects of diet-induced obesity on skeletal muscle mass are complex and dependent on diet composition and diet duration. The present study results show that chronic exposure to high levels of fatty acids does not affect muscle mass, contractile function, or protein synthesis in obese C57BL/6 mice compared with the consumption of chow. Obesity did result in a delay in load-induced growth; however, only a 45% HFD resulted in attenuated growth following 30 days of functional overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís G. O. de Sousa
- 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Andrea G. Marshall
- 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Jennifer E. Norman
- 2Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Jordan D. Fuqua
- 3Department of Health and Human Physiology, Obesity Research and Education Initiative, Fraternal Order of Eagles (F.O.E.) Diabetes Research Center, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Vitor A. Lira
- 3Department of Health and Human Physiology, Obesity Research and Education Initiative, Fraternal Order of Eagles (F.O.E.) Diabetes Research Center, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - John C. Rutledge
- 2Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Sue C. Bodine
- 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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Harris M, Zhang QJ, Cochran CT, Ponce J, Fuqua JD, Alexander S, Kronemberger A, Harper T, Murry ML, Fattal R, Grueter CE, Abel D, Lira VA. Embryonic versus adult cardiomyocyte loss of ULK1 and ULK2 uncover temporally distinct effects on autophagy and cardiac function. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.03630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Fuqua JD, Hughes J, Kuennen D, Harris M, Turner K, Kronemberger A, Ebert S, Dierdorff J, Zhu Z, Zingman L, Adams C, Lira VA. Skeletal Muscle ULK1 and ULK2 Jointly Couple Muscle Mass with Force and Are Required for Survival Under Low Nutrient Availability. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.03974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Turner KD, Opatrny LM, Fuqua JD, Musetescu A, Kronemberger A, Lira VA. Purification of Insoluble Protein Aggregates from Skeletal Muscle Using a Pre‐Clinical Model of Huntington’s Disease. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.07203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Fuqua JD, Mere CP, Kronemberger A, Blomme J, Bae D, Turner KD, Harris MP, Scudese E, Edwards M, Ebert SM, de Sousa LGO, Bodine SC, Yang L, Adams CM, Lira VA. ULK2 is essential for degradation of ubiquitinated protein aggregates and homeostasis in skeletal muscle. FASEB J 2019; 33:11735-11745. [PMID: 31361156 PMCID: PMC6902739 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900766r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Basal protein turnover, which largely relies on the degradation of ubiquitinated substrates, is instrumental for maintenance of muscle mass and function. However, the regulation of ubiquitinated protein degradation in healthy, nonatrophying skeletal muscle is still evolving, and potential tissue-specific modulators remain unknown. Using an unbiased expression analysis of 34 putative autophagy genes across mouse tissues, we identified unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase (Ulk)2, a homolog of the yeast autophagy related protein 1, as particularly enriched in skeletal muscle. Subsequent experiments revealed accumulations of insoluble ubiquitinated protein aggregates associated with the adaptors sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1, also known as p62) and next to breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein gene 1 protein (NBR1) in adult muscles with ULK2 deficiency. ULK2 deficiency also led to impaired muscle force and caused myofiber atrophy and degeneration. These features were not observed in muscles with deficiency of the ULK2 paralog, ULK1. Furthermore, short-term ULK2 deficiency did not impair autophagy initiation, autophagosome to lysosome fusion, or protease activities of the lysosome and proteasome. Altogether, our results indicate that skeletal muscle ULK2 has a unique role in basal selective protein degradation by stimulating the recognition and proteolytic sequestration of insoluble ubiquitinated protein aggregates associated with p62 and NBR1. These findings have potential implications for conditions of poor protein homeostasis in muscles as observed in several myopathies and aging.-Fuqua, J. D., Mere, C. P., Kronemberger, A., Blomme, J., Bae, D., Turner, K. D., Harris, M. P., Scudese, E., Edwards, M., Ebert, S. M., de Sousa, L. G. O., Bodine, S. C., Yang, L., Adams, C. M., Lira, V. A. ULK2 is essential for degradation of ubiquitinated protein aggregates and homeostasis in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan D Fuqua
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Caleb P Mere
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Ana Kronemberger
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Jay Blomme
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Dam Bae
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Kristen D Turner
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Matthew P Harris
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Estevão Scudese
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Nursing and Biosciences, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mitchell Edwards
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Scott M Ebert
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Luís G O de Sousa
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Sue C Bodine
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Ling Yang
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Christopher M Adams
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Obesity Research and Education Initiative, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Vitor A Lira
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Obesity Research and Education Initiative, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,François M. Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Fuqua JD, Mere C, Bloome J, Bae D, de Melo V, Scudese E, Turner K, Kronemberger A, Adams CM, Lira VA. ULK2 Regulates Autophagic Cargo Recognition Impacting Contractile Function In Skeletal Muscle. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000536688.46099.a7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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