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Robson LS, Abulimiti A, Granados JZ, Zia AN, Balmain BN, Pawelczyk JA, Babb TG. Pediatric patients diagnosed as overweight and obese have an elevated risk of dyspnea. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2024; 323:104230. [PMID: 38340972 PMCID: PMC10947832 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2024.104230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
We investigated whether pediatric patients with overweight and obesity are more likely to have dyspnea compared with those who are non-overweight. We collected de-identified data from TriNetX, a global federated multicenter research database, using both the UT Southwestern Medical Center and multinational Research Networks. Our analysis focused on patients aged 8-12 years. We identified overweight and obesity using ICD-10-CM codes E66 and dyspnea using code R06.0. Patients with overweight and obesity had a significantly higher risk of dyspnea compared with those who were non-overweight. This association was observed in both the UT Southwestern Network (risk ratio: 1.81, p < 0.001) and the Research Network (risk ratio: 2.70, p < 0.001). Furthermore, within the UT Southwestern Network, the risk was found to be higher in females compared with males (risk ratio: 2.17 vs. 1.67). These results have significant clinical implications, suggesting that clinicians should consider overweight and obesity as independent risk factors for dyspnea in pediatric patients after excluding other possible contributing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia S Robson
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, USA
| | - Abidan Abulimiti
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, USA
| | - Jorge Z Granados
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, USA
| | - Ayesha N Zia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, USA
| | - Bryce N Balmain
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, USA
| | - James A Pawelczyk
- Noll Physiological Research Center, Department of Kinesiology, Penn State University, USA
| | - Tony G Babb
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, USA.
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Letsinger AC, Yang F, Menon R, Little-Letsinger SE, Granados JZ, Breidenbach B, Iyer AR, Padovani TC, Nagel EC, Jayaraman A, Lightfoot JT. Reduced Wheel Running via a High-Fat Diet Is Reversed by a Chow Diet with No Added Benefit from Fecal Microbial Transplants. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022; 54:1437-1447. [PMID: 35969165 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic overfeeding via a high-fat/high-sugar (HFHS) diet decreases wheel running and substantially alters the gut metabolome of C57BL/6J mice. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that fecal microbial transplants can modulate the effect of diet on wheel running. METHODS Singly housed, 6-wk-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed either a grain-based diet (CHOW) or HFHS diet and provided a running wheel for 13 wk. Low-active, HFHS-exposed mice were then either switched to a CHOW diet and given an oral fecal microbial transplant from mice fed the CHOW diet, switched to a CHOW diet and given a sham transplant, or remained on the HFHS diet and given a fecal microbial transplant from mice fed the CHOW diet. Total wheel running, nutrient intake, body composition, fecal microbial composition, fecal metabolite composition, and liver steatosis were measured at various times throughout the study. RESULTS We found that an HFHS diet decreases wheel running activity, increases body fat, and decreases microbial alpha diversity compared with a CHOW diet. Improvements in wheel running, body composition, and microbial alpha diversity were accomplished within 2 wk for mice switched from an HFHS diet to a CHOW diet with no clear evidence of an added benefit from fecal transplants. A fecal transplant from mice fed a CHOW diet without altering diet did not improve wheel running or body composition. Wheel running, body composition, fecal microbial composition, fecal metabolite composition, and liver steatosis percentage were primarily determined by diet. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that diet is a primary mediator of wheel running with no clear effect from fecal microbial transplants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayland C Letsinger
- The Department of Health Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Fang Yang
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Rani Menon
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | | | - Jorge Z Granados
- The Department of Health Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Brianne Breidenbach
- The Department of Health Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Anjushree R Iyer
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | | | - Edward C Nagel
- The Department of Health Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - J Timothy Lightfoot
- The Department of Health Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
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3
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Cross KM, Granados JZ, Ten Have GAM, Thaden JJ, Engelen MPKJ, Lightfoot JT, Deutz NEP. Correction: Protein fractional synthesis rates within tissues of high- and low-active mice. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248081. [PMID: 33630961 PMCID: PMC7906451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Guo T, Gupta A, Yu J, Granados JZ, Gandhi AY, Evers BM, Iyengar P, Infante RE. LIFR-α-dependent adipocyte signaling in obesity limits adipose expansion contributing to fatty liver disease. iScience 2021; 24:102227. [PMID: 33748712 PMCID: PMC7970148 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of chronic adipose inflammation in diet-induced obesity (DIO) and its sequelae including fatty liver disease remains unclear. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) induces JAK-dependent adipocyte lipolysis and altered adipo/cytokine expression, suppressing in vivo adipose expansion in normal and obese mouse models. To characterize LIF receptor (LIFR-α)-dependent cytokine signaling in DIO, we created an adipocyte-specific LIFR knockout mouse model (Adipoq-Cre;LIFRfl/fl). Differentiated adipocytes derived from this model blocked LIF-induced triacylglycerol lipolysis. Adipoq-Cre;LIFRfl/fl mice on a high-fat diet (HFD) displayed reduced adipose STAT3 activation, 50% expansion in adipose, 20% body weight increase, and a 75% reduction in total hepatic triacylglycerides compared with controls. To demonstrate that LIFR-α signals adipocytes through STAT3, we also created an Adipoq-Cre;STAT3fl/fl model that showed similar findings when fed a HFD as Adipoq-Cre;LIFRfl/fl mice. These findings establish the importance of obesity-associated LIFR-α/JAK/STAT3 inflammatory signaling in adipocytes, blocking further adipose expansion in DIO contributing to ectopic liver triacylglyceride accumulation. LIFR-α signaling induces adipocyte lipolysis, restricting adipose expansion in DIO LIFR-α signaling requires STAT3 for adipocyte lipolysis LIFR-α/JAK/STAT3 lipolysis signaling in adipocytes promotes hepatic steatosis
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Guo
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5300 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Arun Gupta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jinhai Yu
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5300 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jorge Z Granados
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5300 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Aakash Y Gandhi
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5300 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, USA.,Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Bret M Evers
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Puneeth Iyengar
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5300 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rodney E Infante
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5300 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Cross KM, Granados JZ, Ten Have GAM, Thaden JJ, Engelen MPKJ, Lightfoot JT, Deutz NEP. Protein fractional synthesis rates within tissues of high- and low-active mice. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242926. [PMID: 33253250 PMCID: PMC7703944 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rise in physical inactivity and its related diseases, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms involved in physical activity regulation. Biological factors regulating physical activity are studied to establish a possible target for improving the physical activity level. However, little is known about the role metabolism plays in physical activity regulation. Therefore, we studied protein fractional synthesis rate (FSR) of multiple organ tissues of 12-week-old male mice that were previously established as inherently low-active (n = 15, C3H/HeJ strain) and high-active (n = 15, C57L/J strain). Total body water of each mouse was enriched to 5% deuterium oxide (D2O) via intraperitoneal injection and maintained with D2O enriched drinking water for about 24 h. Blood samples from the jugular vein and tissues (kidney, heart, lung, muscle, fat, jejunum, ileum, liver, brain, skin, and bone) were collected for enrichment analysis of alanine by LC-MS/MS. Protein FSR was calculated as -ln(1-enrichment). Data are mean±SE as fraction/day (unpaired t-test). Kidney protein FSR in the low-active mice was 7.82% higher than in high-active mice (low-active: 0.1863±0.0018, high-active: 0.1754±0.0028, p = 0.0030). No differences were found in any of the other measured organ tissues. However, all tissues resulted in a generally higher protein FSR in the low-activity mice compared to the high-activity mice (e.g. lung LA: 0.0711±0.0015, HA: 0.0643±0.0020, heart LA: 0.0649± 0.0013 HA: 0.0712±0.0073). Our observations suggest that high-active mice in most organ tissues are no more inherently equipped for metabolic adaptation than low-active mice, but there may be a connection between protein metabolism of kidney tissue and physical activity level. In addition, low-active mice have higher organ-specific baseline protein FSR possibly contributing to the inability to achieve higher physical activity levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina M. Cross
- Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Dept. Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jorge Z. Granados
- Biology of Physical Activity Laboratory, Dept. Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Gabriella A. M. Ten Have
- Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Dept. Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - John J. Thaden
- Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Dept. Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Marielle P. K. J. Engelen
- Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Dept. Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - J. Timothy Lightfoot
- Biology of Physical Activity Laboratory, Dept. Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Nicolaas E. P. Deutz
- Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Dept. Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
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Breidenbach BM, Letsinger AC, Granados JZ, Castro Padovani TN, Nagel EC, Lightfoot JT. Expression Of Tyrosine Hydroxylase In The Nucleus Accumbens Are Not Altered By Diet Or Fecal Transplantation In Male C57bl/6j Mice. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000681096.28491.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Granados JZ, Ten Have GAM, Letsinger AC, Thaden JJ, Engelen MPKJ, Lightfoot JT, Deutz NEP. Activated whole-body arginine pathway in high-active mice. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235095. [PMID: 32589680 PMCID: PMC7319332 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies suggest that physical activity (PA) levels are potentially regulated by endogenous metabolic mechanisms such as the vasodilatory roles of nitric oxide (NO) production via the precursor arginine (ARG) and ARG-related pathways. We assessed ARG metabolism and its precursors [citrulline (CIT), glutamine (GLN), glutamate (GLU), ornithine (ORN), and phenylalanine (PHE)] by measuring plasma concentration, whole-body production (WBP), de novo ARG and NO production, and clearance rates in previously classified low-active (LA) or high-active (HA) mice. We assessed LA (n = 23) and HA (n = 20) male mice by administering a stable isotope tracer pulse via jugular catheterization. We measured plasma enrichments via liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and body compostion by echo-MRI. WBP, clearance rates, and de novo ARG and NO were calculated. Compared to LA mice, HA mice had lower plasma concentrations of GLU (71.1%; 36.8 ± 2.9 vs. 17.5 ± 1.7μM; p<0.0001), CIT (21%; 57.3 ± 2.3 vs. 46.4 ± 1.5μM; p = 0.0003), and ORN (40.1%; 55.4 ± 7.3 vs. 36.9 ± 2.6μM; p = 0.0241), but no differences for GLN, PHE, and ARG. However, HA mice had higher estimated NO production ratio (0.64 ± 0.08; p = 0.0197), higher WBP for CIT (21.8%, 8.6 ± 0.2 vs. 10.7 ± 0.3 nmol/g-lbm/min; p<0.0001), ARG (21.4%, 35.0 ± 0.6 vs. 43.4 ± 0.7 nmol/g-lbm/min; p<0.0001), PHE (7.6%, 23.8 ± 0.5 vs. 25.6 ± 0.5 nmol/g-lbm/min; p<0.0100), and lower GLU (78.5%; 9.4 ± 1.1 vs. 4.1 ± 1.6 nmol/g lbm/min; p = 0.0161). We observed no significant differences in WBP for GLN, ORN, PHE, or de novo ARG. We concluded that HA mice have an activated whole-body ARG pathway, which may be associated with regulating PA levels via increased NO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Z. Granados
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Biology of Physical Activity Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Gabriella A. M. Ten Have
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Ayland C. Letsinger
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Biology of Physical Activity Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - John J. Thaden
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Marielle P. K. J. Engelen
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - J. Timothy Lightfoot
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Biology of Physical Activity Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Nicolaas E. P. Deutz
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
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Breidenbach BM, Letsinger AC, Granados JZ, Castro Padavoni TN, Vellers HL, Lightfoot JT. Dopaminergic Receptor and Transporter Densities in Nucleus Accumbens Are Not Altered by a Western Diet. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000560813.47742.9b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Granados JZ, Ten Have GAM, Letsinger AC, Thaden JJ, Lightfoot JT, Deutz NEP. High-active Mice Have Elevated Clearance Rate Of Bcaas Compared To Low-active Mice. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000563492.54331.6c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Letsinger AC, Menon R, Granados JZ, Breidenbach BM, Nagel EC, Castro TN, Little SA, Jayaraman A, Lightfoot JT. The Gut Microbiome Modulates Diet’s Effect on the Regulation of Physical Activity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000563501.38191.2e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Letsinger AC, Granados JZ, Little SE, Lightfoot JT. Alleles associated with physical activity levels are estimated to be older than anatomically modern humans. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216155. [PMID: 31034533 PMCID: PMC6488090 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the estimated mutation age and conservation of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with physical activity (PA) in humans. All human SNPs found to be significantly associated with PA levels in the literature were cross-referenced with the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s Grand Opportunity Exome Sequencing Project to find estimated African-American (AA) and European-American (EA) mutation age. As a secondary measure of mutation age, SNPs were searched for in Hawk’s mutation age prediction database which utilizes linkage equilibrium. To determine conservation among hominids, all SNPs were searched in the University of California, Santa Cruz Genome Browser, which contains Neanderthal and chimpanzee reference genomes. Six of the 104 SNPs associated with PA regulation were exon-located missense variants found in IFNAR2, PPARGC1A, PML, CTBP2, IL5RA, and APOE genes. The remaining 98 SNPs were located in non-protein coding regions. Average AA and EA estimated mutation age of the exon-located SNPs were 478.4 ± 327.5 kya and 542.1 ± 369.4 kya, respectively. There were four selective sweeps (suggestive of strong positive selection) of SNPs in humans when compared to Neanderthal or chimpanzee genomes. Exon-located PA candidate SNPs are older than the hypothesized emergence of anatomically modern humans. However, 95% of PA associated SNPs are found in intron and intergenic location. Across all SNPs, there seems to be a high level of conservation of alleles between humans, Neanderthals, and chimpanzees. However, the presence of four selective sweeps suggests there were selection pressures or drift unique to Homo sapiens that influenced the development of mutations associated with PA regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayland C. Letsinger
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Jorge Z. Granados
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Sarah E. Little
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - J. Timothy Lightfoot
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Granados JZ, Letsinger AC, Vellers HL, Garcia VA, Velasco JD, Nagle EC, Perez LC, Spier M, Lambertz I, Fuchs-Young R, Lightfoot JT. Calorie Restriction Promotes Constant Physical Activity Levels Throughout Total Lifetime of Female Mice. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000538470.54307.a8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Stiegel KA, Letsinger AC, Granados JZ, Cerda C, Lightfoot JT. Acute Exposure to a High-Fat High-Sugar Diet Alters Wheel Running Activity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000538703.37746.a1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Vellers HL, Letsinger AC, Walker NR, Granados JZ, Lightfoot JT. High Fat High Sugar Diet Reduces Voluntary Wheel Running in Mice Independent of Sex Hormone Involvement. Front Physiol 2017; 8:628. [PMID: 28890701 PMCID: PMC5575154 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Indirect results in humans suggest that chronic overfeeding decreases physical activity with few suggestions regarding what mechanism(s) may link overfeeding and decreased activity. The primary sex hormones are known regulators of activity and there are reports that chronic overfeeding alters sex hormone levels. Thepurpose of this study was to determine if chronic overfeeding altered wheel running through altered sex hormone levels. Materials and Methods: C57BL/6J mice were bred and the pups were weaned at 3-weeks of age and randomly assigned to either a control (CFD) or high fat/high sugar (HFHS) diet for 9-11 weeks depending on activity analysis. Nutritional intake, body composition, sex hormone levels, and 3-day and 2-week wheel-running activity were measured. Additionally, groups of HFHS animals were supplemented with testosterone (males) and 17β-estradiol (females) to determine if sex hormone augmentation altered diet-induced changes in activity. Results: 117 mice (56♂, 61♀) were analyzed. The HFHS mice consumed significantly more calories per day than CFD mice (male: p < 0.0001; female: p < 0.0001) and had significantly higher body fat (male: p < 0.0001; female: p < 0.0001). The HFHS diet did not reduce sex hormone levels, but did significantly reduce acute running-wheel distance in male (p = 0.05, 70 ± 28%) and female mice (p = 0.02, 57 ± 26%). In animals that received hormone supplementation, there was no significant effect on activity levels. Two-weeks of wheel access was not sufficient to alter HFHS-induced reductions in activity or increases in body fat. Conclusion: Chronic overfeeding reduces wheel running, but is independent of the primary sex hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Vellers
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station, TX, United States
| | - Ayland C Letsinger
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station, TX, United States
| | - Nicholas R Walker
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station, TX, United States
| | - Jorge Z Granados
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station, TX, United States
| | - J Timothy Lightfoot
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station, TX, United States
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Joubert DP, Granados JZ, Rowe JR, Crouse SF. Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Augmented Following Aquatic Treadmill Exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000516999.59074.e5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Letsinger AC, Granados JZ, Vellers HL, Garcia VA, Velasco JD, Walker NR, Spier M, Lambertz I, Fuchs-Young R, Lightfoot JT. The Importance Of Accurate Measurements In Voluntary Wheel Running In Mice. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000519880.68910.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Granados JZ, Letsinger AC, Vellers HL, Garcia VA, Velasco JD, Walker NR, Spier M, Lambertz I, Fuchs-Young R, Lightfoot JT. 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)-anthracene (DMBA) & High Fat High Sugar Diet Decrease Physical Activity in Female Mice. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000517612.54486.ce] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Noack BL, Granados JZ, Nguyen D, Crouse SF. Daily Caloric Intake and Energy Expenditure Among D1 Collegiate Female Soccer Players and Non-Athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2016. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000486139.27621.c2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Letsinger AC, Vellers HL, Granados JZ, Walker NR, Spier ME, Lambertz I, Fuchs-Young R, Lightfoot JT. The Effect Of A High Fat/high Sugar Diet And Physical Activity On Body Fat Percentage And Bone Mineral Density. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2016. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000486578.47720.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Granados JZ, Vellers HL, Letzinger AC, Walker NR, Spier ME, Lambertz I, Fuchs-Young R, Lightfoot JT. Effect of High Fat/High Sugar Diet & Physical Activity on Sex Hormone Concentrations. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2016. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000486900.61220.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Vellers HL, Granados JZ, Letzinger AC, Walker NR, Spier ME, Lambertz I, Fuchs-Young R, Lightfoot JT. The Effect of a High Fat/High Sugar Diet on Physical Activity in Female Mice. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2016. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000486166.24049.fa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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McLaughlin K, Noack B, Granados JZ, Sperling R, Roltsch M, Crouse SF. Energy Expenditure Overestimation Bias in Elliptical Trainer Machine. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2016. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000486320.33850.ca] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Joubert DP, Granados JZ, Grandjean PW, Crouse SF. Augmented Flow-Mediated Dilation Following Aquatic Treadmill Compared to Land Treadmill Exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2016. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000485586.38467.d1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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