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Henriques M, Buij R, Monteiro H, Sá J, Wambar F, Tavares JP, Botha A, Citegetse G, Lecoq M, Catry P, Ogada D. Deliberate poisoning of Africa's vultures. Science 2020; 370:304. [PMID: 33060355 DOI: 10.1126/science.abd1862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Henriques
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Ralph Buij
- The Peregrine Fund, Boise, ID 83709, USA.,Wageningen University & Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Hamilton Monteiro
- Organização para a Defesa e Desenvolvimento das Zonas Húmidas (ODZH), Bairro de Belém, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.,Instituto da Biodiversidade e Áreas Protegidas, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
| | - Joãozinho Sá
- Organização para a Defesa e Desenvolvimento das Zonas Húmidas (ODZH), Bairro de Belém, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.,Gabinete de Planificação Costeira (GPC), Bairro de Belém, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
| | - Francisco Wambar
- Organização para a Defesa e Desenvolvimento das Zonas Húmidas (ODZH), Bairro de Belém, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
| | | | - Andre Botha
- Endangered Wildlife Trust, Modderfontein, 1645, South Africa
| | - Geoffroy Citegetse
- BirdLife International, Conservation of Migratory Birds Project, Dakar, Senegal
| | | | - Paulo Catry
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA - Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas Sociais e da Vida, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Darcy Ogada
- The Peregrine Fund, Boise, ID 83709, USA.,National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
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Silva CV, Mantilla TF, Engel Y, Tavares JP, Freitas PM, Rechmann P. The effect of CO 2 9.3 μm short-pulsed laser irradiation in enamel erosion reduction with and without fluoride applications-a randomized, controlled in vitro study. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 35:1213-1222. [PMID: 32030555 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-02979-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the protective effect of short-pulsed CO2 9.3 μm laser irradiation against erosion in human enamel without and combined with TiF4 and AmF/NaF/SnCl2 applications, respectively, as well as compared to the protective effect of these fluoride treatments alone. After polishing, ninety enamel samples (3 × 3mm) were used for 9 different treatment groups: 4% TiF4 gel (pH 1.5, 24,533 ppm F-); AmF/NaF/SnCl2 rinse (pH 4.5; 500 ppm F-, 800 ppm Sn2); CO2 laser (average power 0.58 W); CO2 laser (0.58 W) + TiF4; CO2 laser (0.58 W) + AmF/NaF/SnCl2; CO2 laser (0.69 W); CO2 laser (0.69 W) + TiF4; CO2 laser (0.69 W) + AmF/NaF/SnCl2; negative control (deionized water). TiF4 gel was brushed on only once before the first erosive cycling, while samples treated with AmF/NaF/SnCl2 were daily immersed in 5 ml of the solution before cycling. Laser treatment occurred with a CO2 laser (wavelength 9.3 μm, pulse repetition rate 100 Hz, pulse duration 14.6 μs/18 μs, average power 0.58 W/0.69 W, fluence 1.9 J/cm2/2.2 J/cm2, beam diameter 0.63 mm, irradiation time 10 s, air cooling). TiF4 was applied only once, while AmF/NaF/SnCl2 was applied once daily before the erosive challenge. Surface loss (in μm) was measured with optical profilometry immediately after treatment, and after 5 and 10 days of erosive cycling (0.5% citric acid, pH 2.3, 6 × 2 min/day). Additionally, scanning electron microscopy investigations were performed. All application measures resulted in loss of surface height immediately after treatment. After 5 days, significantly reduced surface loss was observed after applying laser irradiation (both power settings) followed by applications of TiF4 or AmF/NaF/SnCl2 solution (p < 0.05; 2-way ANOVA and Tukey test) compared to fluoride application alone. After 10 days, compared to after 5 days, a reduced tissue loss was observed in all groups treated with AmF/NaF/SnCl2 solution. This tissue gain occurred with the AmF/NaF/SnCl2 application alone and was significantly higher when the application was combined with the laser use (p < 0.05). Short-pulsed CO2 9.3 μm laser irradiation followed by additional application of AmF/NaF/SnCl2 solution significantly reduces the progression of dental enamel erosion in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- C V Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227 - Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - T F Mantilla
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227 - Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Y Engel
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227 - Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - J P Tavares
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227 - Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - P M Freitas
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227 - Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - P Rechmann
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California at San Francisco, 707 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
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Vilarinho C, Tavares JP, Rossetti RJF. A Conceptual MAS Model for Real-Time Traffic Control. Progress in Artificial Intelligence 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-23485-4_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ponces MJ, Tavares JP, Lopes JD, Ferreira AP. Comparison of condylar displacement between three biotypological facial groups by using mounted models and a mandibular position indicator. Korean J Orthod 2014; 44:312-9. [PMID: 25473647 PMCID: PMC4250665 DOI: 10.4041/kjod.2014.44.6.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Facial-type-associated variations in diagnostic features have several implications in orthodontics. For example, in hyperdivergent craniofacial types, growth imbalances are compensated by displacement of the condyle. When diagnosis and treatment planning involves centric relation (CR), detailed knowledge of the condylar position is desirable. The present study aimed to measure condylar displacement (CD) between CR and maximum intercuspation in three facial types of an asymptomatic orthodontic population. Methods The study was conducted in 108 patients classified into three groups of 36 individuals each (27 women and 9 men; mean age, 20.5 years), based on the following facial patterns: hyperdivergent, hypodivergent, and intermediate. To quantify CD along the horizontal and vertical axes, the condylar position was analyzed using mounted casts on a semi-adjustable articulator and a mandibular position indicator. The Student t-test was used to compare CD between the groups. Results Vertical displacement was found to be significantly different between the hyperdivergent and hypodivergent groups (p < 0.0002) and between the hyperdivergent and intermediate groups (p < 0.0006). The differences in horizontal displacement were not significant between the groups. In each group, vertical CD was more evident than horizontal displacement was. Conclusions All facial types, especially the hyperdivergent type, carried a significantly high risk of CD. Therefore, the possibility of CD should be carefully evaluated and considered in the assessment of all orthodontic cases in order to accurately assess jaw relationships and avoid possible misdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Ponces
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Tavares
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Dias Lopes
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Afonso Pinhão Ferreira
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Azevedo T, Tavares JP, Silva S, Coelho C. In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial effect of a commercial tablet for prosthesis disinfection. Bull Group Int Rech Sci Stomatol Odontol 2011; 50:19-24. [PMID: 22750595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Azevedo
- Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde - Norte, Gandra, Portugal.
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Costa CH, Pereira HF, Pereira FC, Tavares JP, Araújo MV, Gonçalves MJ. Is the household dog a risk factor for American visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil? Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1999; 93:464. [PMID: 10696398 DOI: 10.1016/s0035-9203(99)90340-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C H Costa
- Hospital de Doenças Infecto-Contagiosas, Universidade Federal do Piaui, Brazil.
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Vexenat JA, Olliaro PL, Fonseca de Castro JA, Cavalcante R, Furtado Campos JH, Tavares JP, Miles MA. Clinical recovery and limited cure in canine visceral leishmaniasis treated with aminosidine (paromomycin). Am J Trop Med Hyg 1998; 58:448-53. [PMID: 9574790 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1998.58.448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Three groups of three, six, and 12 dogs with parasitologically proven clinical visceral leishmaniasis (Leishmania chagasi infection) were treated with intramuscular aminosidine sulfate at doses of 20 mg/kg/day for 15 days; 80 mg/kg/day for 20 days, and 40 mg/kg/day for 30 days, respectively. Follow-up was by parasitologic examination of bone marrow and skin, serology using the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test, and clinical examination for signs of visceral leishmaniasis or adverse effects of treatment. In animals treated with 20 mg/kg/day, for 15 days, there was dramatic clinical improvement with disappearance of conjunctivitis, increase in appetite, weight gain, and recovery of normal skin condition and a healthy coat, but parasitologic relapse occurred between 50 and 100 days after initiation of treatment. Adverse effects were seen with treatment with 80 mg/kg/day for 20 days; three dogs died during or just after treatment, two showed temporary recovery, and one showed total clinical and parasitologic cure that was maintained for four years. Although adverse effects and relapses were seen in some dogs treated with 40 mg/kg/day for 30 days, three of 12 dogs showed complete parasitologic and clinical cure that was sustained for at least four years. Aminosidine treatment cannot be recommended as an alternative to the humane destruction of dogs for the control of canine visceral leishmaniasis because ineffective treatment may prolong carrier status or encourage development of drug resistance. This drug may be a therapeutic option if there is no danger of a dog acting as a reservoir of infection. Achievement of clinical recovery and limited cure with aminosidine suggests that further trials would be of value, possibly in combination with other anti-leishmanial drugs and with supportive measures to reduce adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Vexenat
- Medical Parasitology Laboratory, University of Brasilia, Brazil
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Vexenat JA, de Castro JA, Cavalcante R, Tavares JP, da Silva MR, Batista WH, Campos JH, Howard MK, Frame I, McNerney R. Visceral leishmaniasis in Teresina, State of Piauí, Brazil: preliminary observations on the detection and transmissibility of canine and sandfly infections. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1994; 89:131-5. [PMID: 7885238 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02761994000200001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A Leishmania donovani-complex specific DNA probe was used to confirm the widespread dissemination of amastigotes in apparently normal skin of dogs with canine visceral leishmaniasis. When Lutzomyia longipalpis were fed on abnormal skin of five naturally infected dogs 57 of 163 (35%) flies became infected: four of 65 flies (6%) became infected when fed on apparently normal skin. The bite of a single sandfly that had fed seven days previously on a naturally infected dog transmitted the infection to a young dog from a non-endemic area. Within 22 days a lesion had developed at the site of the infective bite (inner ear): 98 days after infection organisms had not disseminated throughout the skin, bone marrow, spleen or liver and the animal was still serologically negative by indirect immunofluorescence and dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. When fed Lu. longipalpis were captured from a kennel with a sick dog known to be infected, 33 out of 49 (67%) of flies contained promastigotes. In contrast only two infections were detected among more than 200 sandflies captured in houses. These observations confirm the ease of transmissibility of L. chagasi from dog to sandfly to dog in Teresina. It is likely that canine VL is the major source of human VL by the transmission route dog-sandfly-human. The Lmet2 DNA probe was a useful epidemiological tool for detecting L. chagasi in sandflies.
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Vexenat JA, Fonseca de Castro JA, Cavalcante R, da Silva MR, Batista WH, Campos JH, Pereira FC, Tavares JP, Miles MA. Preliminary observations on the diagnosis and transmissibility of canine visceral leishmaniasis in Teresina, n.e. Brazil. Arch Inst Pasteur Tunis 1993; 70:467-72. [PMID: 7802502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A pilot group of 49 dogs and control groups from non-endemic areas were examined serologically for the presence of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) by direct agglutination test (DAT), indirect immunofluorescence (IFAT) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and DOT-ELISA. Results indicated that DAT is less sensitive than the other assays and that serology with filter paper blood samples is less sensitive than with serum. Promastigote infections were common in fed Lutzomyia longipalpis taken from a dog kennel inhabited by a dog carrying Leishmania chagasi. Colony-bred Lu. longipalpis readily acquired L. chagasi infection when fed on skin lesions of dogs naturally infected with L. chagasi: a small proportion of flies also became infected when fed on apparently normal skin. Widespread distribution of amastigotes in normal skin of asymptomatic animals was shown both by intensive microscopy and by probing skin biopsy samples with the Lmet2 L. donovani-complex specific DNA probe. It was demonstrated that an immunologically naive dog could be infected by a single experimentally infected sand fly. Abundant amastigotes present within the resultant lesion 22 days later were transmissible to sand flies but serology remained negative at least 45 days after the infective bite. Experimental transmission of canine VL by sand fly bite is a valuable approach for determining which diagnostic procedures are most sensitive, specific and suitable for field application in suburban households.
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