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Swan M, Doan N, Ortega RA, Barrett M, Nichols W, Ozelius L, Soto-Valencia J, Boschung S, Deik A, Sarva H, Cabassa J, Johannes B, Raymond D, Marder K, Giladi N, Miravite J, Severt W, Sachdev R, Shanker V, Bressman S, Saunders-Pullman R. Neuropsychiatric characteristics of GBA-associated Parkinson disease. J Neurol Sci 2016; 370:63-69. [PMID: 27772789 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in GBA1 are a well-established risk factor for Parkinson disease (PD). GBA-associated PD (GBA-PD) may have a higher burden of nonmotor symptoms than idiopathic PD (IPD). We sought to characterize the relationship between GBA-PD and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Subjects were screened for common GBA1 mutations. GBA-PD (n=31) and non-carrier (IPD; n=55) scores were compared on the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the State-Trait Anxiety Index (STAI). In univariate comparisons, GBA-PD had a greater prevalence of depression (33.3%) versus IPD (13.2%) (p<0.05). In regression models controlling for age, sex, disease duration, motor disability, and MoCA score, GBA-PD had an increased odds of depression (OR 3.66, 95% CI 1.13-11.8) (p=0.03). Post-hoc analysis stratified by sex showed that, among men, GBA-PD had a higher burden of trait anxiety and depression than IPD; this finding was sustained in multivariate models. Among women, GBA-PD did not confer greater psychiatric morbidity than IPD. These results suggest that GBA1 mutations confer greater risk of neuropsychiatric morbidity in PD, and that sex may affect this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Swan
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, and Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Nancy Doan
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, and Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert A Ortega
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, and Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew Barrett
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
| | - William Nichols
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Laurie Ozelius
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jeannie Soto-Valencia
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, and Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarah Boschung
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, and Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andres Deik
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, and Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Harini Sarva
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, and Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Jose Cabassa
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, and Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Brooke Johannes
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, and Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Deborah Raymond
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, and Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karen Marder
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Taub Institute, and Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Nir Giladi
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Joan Miravite
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, and Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - William Severt
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, and Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rivka Sachdev
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, and Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vicki Shanker
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, and Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Susan Bressman
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, and Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel Saunders-Pullman
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, and Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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Alcalay RN, Mirelman A, Saunders-Pullman R, Tang MX, Mejia Santana H, Raymond D, Roos E, Orbe-Reilly M, Gurevich T, Bar Shira A, Gana Weisz M, Yasinovsky K, Zalis M, Thaler A, Deik A, Barrett MJ, Cabassa J, Groves M, Hunt AL, Lubarr N, San Luciano M, Miravite J, Palmese C, Sachdev R, Sarva H, Severt L, Shanker V, Swan MC, Soto-Valencia J, Johannes B, Ortega R, Fahn S, Cote L, Waters C, Mazzoni P, Ford B, Louis E, Levy O, Rosado L, Ruiz D, Dorovski T, Pauciulo M, Nichols W, Orr-Urtreger A, Ozelius L, Clark L, Giladi N, Bressman S, Marder KS. Parkinson disease phenotype in Ashkenazi Jews with and without LRRK2 G2019S mutations. Mov Disord 2013; 28:1966-71. [PMID: 24243757 DOI: 10.1002/mds.25647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenotype of Parkinson's disease (PD) in patients with and without leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) G2019S mutations reportedly is similar; however, large, uniformly evaluated series are lacking. The objective of this study was to characterize the clinical phenotype of Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) PD carriers of the LRRK2 G2019S mutation. We studied 553 AJ PD patients, including 65 patients who were previously reported, from three sites (two in New York and one in Tel-Aviv). Glucocerebrosidase (GBA) mutation carriers were excluded. Evaluations included the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and the Non-Motor Symptoms (NMS) questionnaire. Regression models were constructed to test the association between clinical and demographic features and LRRK2 status (outcome) in 488 newly recruited participants. LRRK2 G2019S carriers (n = 97) and non-carriers (n = 391) were similar in age and age at onset of PD. Carriers had longer disease duration (8.6 years vs. 6.1 years; P < 0.001), were more likely to be women (51.5% vs. 37.9%; P = 0.015), and more often reported first symptoms in the lower extremities (40.0% vs. 19.2%; P < 0.001). In logistic models that were adjusted for age, disease duration, sex, education, and site, carriers were more likely to have lower extremity onset (P < 0.001), postural instability and gait difficulty (PIGD) (P = 0.043), and a persistent levodopa response for >5 years (P = 0.042). Performance on the UPDRS, MoCA, GDS, and NMS did not differ by mutation status. PD in AJ LRRK2 G2019S mutation carriers is similar to idiopathic PD but is characterized by more frequent lower extremity involvement at onset and PIGD without the associated cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy N Alcalay
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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Rawls SM, Cabassa J, Geller EB, Adler MW. CB1 receptors in the preoptic anterior hypothalamus regulate WIN 55212-2 [(4,5-dihydro-2-methyl-4(4-morpholinylmethyl)-1-(1-naphthalenyl-carbonyl)-6H-pyrrolo[3,2,1ij]quinolin-6-one]-induced hypothermia. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2002; 301:963-8. [PMID: 12023525 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.301.3.963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of the selective cannabinoid agonist, WIN 55212-2 [(4,5-dihydro-2-methyl-4(4-morpholinylmethyl)-1-(1-naphthalenyl-carbonyl)-6H-pyrrolo[3,2,1ij]quinolin-6-one], on body temperature. WIN 55212-2 (1, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg, i.m.) induced hypothermia in a dose-dependent manner. The peak hypothermia occurred 60 to 180 min postinjection. Body temperature was still suppressed 5 h after the injection of the highest dose of WIN 55212-2. The selective CB(1) antagonist, SR141716A [N-(piperidin-1-yl)-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide hydrochloride] (5 and 10 mg/kg, i.m.), blocked the WIN 55212-2-induced hypothermia, suggesting that CB(1) receptor activation mediated the hypothermia. In contrast, the selective CB(2) antagonist, SR144528 [N-((1S)-endo-1,3,3-trimethyl bicyclo heptan-2-yl]-5-(4-chloro-3-methylphenyl)-1-(4-methylbenzyl)-pyrazole-3-carboxamide)] (5 mg/kg, i.m.), did not alter the WIN 55212-2-induced hypothermia. Neither SR141716A nor SR144528 alone altered body temperature. WIN 55212-2 (1-30 microg/microl) injected directly into the preoptic anterior hypothalamic nucleus (POAH) induced hypothermia in an immediate and dose-dependent fashion. The hypothermia produced by intra-POAH injection of WIN 55212-2 was brief, with body temperature returning to baseline 60 min postinjection. SR141716A (5 mg/kg, i.m.) abolished the hypothermia induced by intra-POAH injection of WIN 55212-2 (30 microg/microl), indicating that CB(1) receptors in the POAH mediated the hypothermia. The present results confirm the idea that CB(1) receptors mediate the hypothermic response to cannabinoid agonists. Moreover, the present data suggest that 1) the POAH is the central locus for thermoregulation, and 2) CB(1) receptors within the POAH are the primary mediators of cannabinoid-induced hypothermia.
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MESH Headings
- Analgesics/administration & dosage
- Analgesics/pharmacology
- Animals
- Benzoxazines
- Body Temperature/drug effects
- Body Temperature/physiology
- Cannabinoids/metabolism
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Hypothermia/chemically induced
- Hypothermia/physiopathology
- Injections, Intramuscular
- Injections, Intraventricular
- Male
- Morpholines/administration & dosage
- Morpholines/pharmacology
- Naphthalenes/administration & dosage
- Naphthalenes/pharmacology
- Preoptic Area/drug effects
- Preoptic Area/physiology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2
- Receptors, Cannabinoid
- Receptors, Drug/agonists
- Receptors, Drug/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Drug/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M Rawls
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Substance Abuse Research, Temple University School of Medicine, 3420 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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