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Ruiz-Solaní N, Salguero-Linares J, Armengot L, Santos J, Pallarès I, van Midden KP, Phukkan UJ, Koyuncu S, Borràs-Bisa J, Li L, Popa C, Eisele F, Eisele-Bürger AM, Hill SM, Gutiérrez-Beltrán E, Nyström T, Valls M, Llamas E, Vilchez D, Klemenčič M, Ventura S, Coll NS. Arabidopsis metacaspase MC1 localizes in stress granules, clears protein aggregates, and delays senescence. Plant Cell 2023; 35:3325-3344. [PMID: 37401663 PMCID: PMC10473220 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Stress granules (SGs) are highly conserved cytoplasmic condensates that assemble in response to stress and contribute to maintaining protein homeostasis. These membraneless organelles are dynamic, disassembling once the stress is no longer present. Persistence of SGs due to mutations or chronic stress has been often related to age-dependent protein-misfolding diseases in animals. Here, we find that the metacaspase MC1 is dynamically recruited into SGs upon proteotoxic stress in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Two predicted disordered regions, the prodomain and the 360 loop, mediate MC1 recruitment to and release from SGs. Importantly, we show that MC1 has the capacity to clear toxic protein aggregates in vivo and in vitro, acting as a disaggregase. Finally, we demonstrate that overexpressing MC1 delays senescence and this phenotype is dependent on the presence of the 360 loop and an intact catalytic domain. Together, our data indicate that MC1 regulates senescence through its recruitment into SGs and this function could potentially be linked to its remarkable protein aggregate-clearing activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Ruiz-Solaní
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Jose Salguero-Linares
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Laia Armengot
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Jaime Santos
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Irantzu Pallarès
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Katarina P van Midden
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Ujjal J Phukkan
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Seda Koyuncu
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Júlia Borràs-Bisa
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Liang Li
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Crina Popa
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Frederik Eisele
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41390, Sweden
| | - Anna Maria Eisele-Bürger
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41390, Sweden
| | - Sandra Malgrem Hill
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41390, Sweden
| | - Emilio Gutiérrez-Beltrán
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis (Universidad de Sevilla and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), 41092 Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla 41012, Spain
| | - Thomas Nyström
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41390, Sweden
| | - Marc Valls
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Ernesto Llamas
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne D-50674, Germany
| | - David Vilchez
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Marina Klemenčič
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Salvador Ventura
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Nuria S Coll
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona 08001, Spain
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Pitsili E, Rodriguez-Trevino R, Ruiz-Solani N, Demir F, Kastanaki E, Dambire C, de Pedro-Jové R, Vercammen D, Salguero-Linares J, Hall H, Mantz M, Schuler M, Tuominen H, Van Breusegem F, Valls M, Munné-Bosch S, Holdsworth MJ, Huesgen PF, Rodriguez-Villalon A, Coll NS. A phloem-localized Arabidopsis metacaspase (AtMC3) improves drought tolerance. New Phytol 2023. [PMID: 37320971 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Increasing drought phenomena pose a serious threat to agricultural productivity. Although plants have multiple ways to respond to the complexity of drought stress, the underlying mechanisms of stress sensing and signaling remain unclear. The role of the vasculature, in particular the phloem, in facilitating inter-organ communication is critical and poorly understood. Combining genetic, proteomic and physiological approaches, we investigated the role of AtMC3, a phloem-specific member of the metacaspase family, in osmotic stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. Analyses of the proteome in plants with altered AtMC3 levels revealed differential abundance of proteins related to osmotic stress pointing into a role of the protein in water-stress-related responses. Overexpression of AtMC3 conferred drought tolerance by enhancing the differentiation of specific vascular tissues and maintaining higher levels of vascular-mediated transportation, while plants lacking the protein showed an impaired response to drought and inability to respond effectively to the hormone abscisic acid. Overall, our data highlight the importance of AtMC3 and vascular plasticity in fine-tuning early drought responses at the whole plant level without affecting growth or yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Pitsili
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ricardo Rodriguez-Trevino
- Group of Plant Vascular Development, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nerea Ruiz-Solani
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fatih Demir
- Central Institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics, ZEA-3, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Institute of Biochemistry, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Kastanaki
- Group of Plant Vascular Development, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Charlene Dambire
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Roger de Pedro-Jové
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dominique Vercammen
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jose Salguero-Linares
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hardy Hall
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Melissa Mantz
- Central Institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics, ZEA-3, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Institute of Biochemistry, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Schuler
- Group of Plant Vascular Development, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hannele Tuominen
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marc Valls
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Genetics, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Munné-Bosch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Research in Biodiversity (IRBio-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Pitter F Huesgen
- Central Institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics, ZEA-3, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Institute of Biochemistry, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Antia Rodriguez-Villalon
- Group of Plant Vascular Development, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nuria S Coll
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 08001, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Eukaryotes are endowed with sophisticated innate immune systems to recognize non-self and halt pathogen proliferation. Activation of cell death at the site of attempted pathogen ingress is a common strategy used by plants and animals to restrict pathogen proliferation and trigger immune responses in the surrounding tissues. As such, immunogenic cell death shares several features in both plants and animals that will be discussed in this article, namely: (i) it is triggered by activation of NLR immune receptors-often through oligomerization; (ii) it results in disruption of the plasma membrane (PM)/endomembrane integrity driving an imbalance in ion fluxes; and (iii) it results in the release of signaling molecules from dying cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Salguero-Linares
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria S Coll
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
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Salguero-Linares J, Serrano I, Ruiz-Solani N, Salas-Gómez M, Phukan UJ, González VM, Bernardo-Faura M, Valls M, Rengel D, Coll NS. Robust transcriptional indicators of immune cell death revealed by spatiotemporal transcriptome analyses. Mol Plant 2022; 15:1059-1075. [PMID: 35502144 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2022.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Recognition of a pathogen by the plant immune system often triggers a form of regulated cell death traditionally known as the hypersensitive response (HR). This type of cell death occurs precisely at the site of pathogen recognition, and it is restricted to a few cells. Extensive research has shed light on how plant immune receptors are mechanistically activated. However, two central key questions remain largely unresolved: how does cell death zonation take place, and what are the mechanisms that underpin this phenomenon? Consequently, bona fide transcriptional indicators of HR are lacking, which prevents deeper insight into its mechanisms before cell death becomes macroscopic and precludes early or live observation. In this study, to identify the transcriptional indicators of HR we used the paradigmatic Arabidopsis thaliana-Pseudomonas syringae pathosystem and performed a spatiotemporally resolved gene expression analysis that compared infected cells that will undergo HR upon pathogen recognition with bystander cells that will stay alive and activate immunity. Our data revealed unique and time-dependent differences in the repertoire of differentially expressed genes, expression profiles, and biological processes derived from tissue undergoing HR and that of its surroundings. Furthermore, we generated a pipeline based on concatenated pairwise comparisons between time, zone, and treatment that enabled us to define 13 robust transcriptional HR markers. Among these genes, the promoter of an uncharacterized AAA-ATPase was used to obtain a fluorescent reporter transgenic line that displays a strong spatiotemporally resolved signal specifically in cells that will later undergo pathogen-triggered cell death. This valuable set of genes can be used to define cells that are destined to die upon infection with HR-triggering bacteria, opening new avenues for specific and/or high-throughput techniques to study HR processes at a single-cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Salguero-Linares
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Serrano
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, 84195 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Nerea Ruiz-Solani
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Salas-Gómez
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ujjal Jyoti Phukan
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victor Manuel González
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martí Bernardo-Faura
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Valls
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, 84195 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - David Rengel
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, 84195 Castanet-Tolosan, France; INRAE, GeT-PlaGe, Genotoul, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France.
| | - Nuria S Coll
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Genetics, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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5
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Salguero-Linares J, Lema-Asqui S, Salas-Gómez M, Froilán-Soares A, Coll NS. Detection and Quantification of the Hypersensitive Response Cell Death in Arabidopsis thaliana. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2447:193-204. [PMID: 35583783 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2079-3_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In plants, the hypersensitive response (HR) is a programmed cell death modality that occurs upon recognition of harmful non-self. It occurs at the site of pathogen infection, thus preventing pathogens to live off plant tissue and proliferate. Shedding light on the molecular constituents underlying this process requires robust and quantitative methods that can determine whether plants lacking functional genes are defective in HR execution compared to wild-type controls. In this chapter, we provide two quantitative protocols in which we measure cell death from Arabidopsis thaliana leaves infected with avirulent HR-causing bacterial strains. Firstly, we use trypan blue staining to quantify the stained area of leaves upon bacterial infection using a personalized macro in the Image J (Fiji) software. Alternately, we incorporate an electrolyte leakage protocol in order to measure HR caused by different avirulent bacterial strains at different bacterial titers. We encourage users to perform a combination of both methods when assessing HR in different plant genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Salguero-Linares
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain, 08193
| | - Saul Lema-Asqui
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador, 170513
| | - Marta Salas-Gómez
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain, 08193
| | - Andrea Froilán-Soares
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain, 08193
| | - Núria S Coll
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain, 08193.
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Salguero-Linares J, Coll NS. Plant proteases in the control of the hypersensitive response. J Exp Bot 2019; 70:2087-2095. [PMID: 30715462 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The hypersensitive response (HR) is a plant defence reaction triggered by activation of immune receptors upon pathogen recognition. It results in rapid cell death at the attempted invasion site, confining the pathogen and sending signals to distal parts of the plant that can in turn activate defences for subsequent attacks. HR cell death is a highly controlled phenomenon, requiring the concerted action of diverse plant proteases and regulatory mechanisms to keep it efficient yet confined. Research in the last decade has significantly contributed to a better understanding of the mechanisms leading to HR, although our knowledge about the pathways that regulate this form of programmed cell death (PCD) still remains incomplete. In this review, we explore current knowledge of plant proteases as HR regulators. Proteases are key regulatory enzymes that not only serve degradative purposes, but also have very important signalling roles. In animals, caspases have been shown to be the major regulators and executioners of PCD. Plants do not have caspases, and instead PCD is carried out by the activities of caspase-like and other protease belonging to different protease classes. We summarise the mechanistic roles of plant proteases whose roles in HR regulation are relatively well understood, which includes members of the cysteine, threonine, and serine protease families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Salguero-Linares
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria S Coll
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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