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Subhani M, Dhanda A, Olaru A, Dunford L, Ahmad N, Wragg A, Frost K, Greenwood J, King M, Jones KA, Rosenberg W, Sinclair J, Rennick-Egglestone S, Morling JR, Patel K, Ryder SD. Top ten research priorities for alcohol use disorder and alcohol-related liver disease: results of a multistakeholder research priority setting partnership. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 9:400-402. [PMID: 38330981 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(24)00009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsan Subhani
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK; National Institutes of Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Ashwin Dhanda
- Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Adina Olaru
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK; School of Medicine, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Louise Dunford
- James Lind Alliance, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Warwick, UK
| | - Nahid Ahmad
- James Lind Alliance, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Andrew Wragg
- National Institutes of Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kate Frost
- National Institutes of Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Melinda King
- National Institutes of Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Katy A Jones
- School of Medicine, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - William Rosenberg
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, University College London, London, UK
| | - Julia Sinclair
- National Institutes of Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Stefan Rennick-Egglestone
- Institute of Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Joanne R Morling
- Nottingham Centre for Public Health and Epidemiology, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | | | - Stephen D Ryder
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK; National Institutes of Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Worboys HM, Broomfield J, Smith A, Stannard R, Tyrer F, Vounzoulaki E, Czyznikowska B, Grewal-Santini G, Greenwood J, Gray LJ. Incorporation of patient and public involvement in statistical methodology research: development of an animation. Res Involv Engagem 2023; 9:102. [PMID: 37941086 PMCID: PMC10631193 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-023-00513-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement (PPIE) is important to all aspects of health research. However, there are few examples of successful PPIE in statistical methodology research. One of the reasons for this relates to challenges in the identification of individuals interested in statistical methodology research projects, and ambiguities over the importance of PPIE to these projects. METHODS This project was conducted between August 2022 and August 2023. The aim is to report the process of the development of an accessible animation to describe what statistical methodology is and the importance of PPIE in statistical methodology research projects. For this, we combined storyboarding and scriptwriting with feedback from PPIE members and researchers. RESULTS After three stages that incorporated feedback from the relevant stakeholders, we produced a final animation about PPIE in statistical methodology. The resulting animation used minimal text, simple animation techniques and was of short duration (< 3 min) to optimise the communication of the key messages clearly and effectively. CONCLUSIONS The resulting animation provides a starting point for members of the public to learn about PPIE in statistical methodology research and for methodologists who wish to conduct PPIE. We recommend further work to explore ways in which members of the public can be more meaningfully involved in methodology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Worboys
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
| | - Jonathan Broomfield
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Aiden Smith
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Rachael Stannard
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Freya Tyrer
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Elpida Vounzoulaki
- Leicester Real World Evidence Unit, Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | | | - Justin Greenwood
- Public Contributor, PPI-SMART (Public and Patient Involvement in Statistical Methods and Research Techniques), University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Laura J Gray
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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3
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Jarvis MS, Blackburn J, Hailstone C, Small CL, Dixon C, Rook W, Maniar R, Graham J, Sengar T, Dunn SJ, Tooley L, Blurton E, Mak K, Dunham R, Baker R, Lacey V, Basheer N, Freeman A, Delahunt S, Gurung S, Akhtar N, Parmar R, Whitney D, Shatananda L, Wallengren C, Pilsbury J, Cochran D, Sandur N, Girotra V, Greenwood J, Baines D, Olojede B, Bhat A, Baxendale L, Porter M, Whapples A, Kumar A, Ramamoorthy M, Perry R, Magill L. A survey in the West Midlands of the United Kingdom of current practice in managing hypotension in lower segment caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia. Int J Obstet Anesth 2023; 55:103899. [PMID: 37329691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2023.103899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal anaesthesia, the most common form of anaesthesia for caesarean section, leads to sympathetic blockade and profound maternal hypotension resulting in adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Hypotension, nausea and vomiting remain common but until the publication of the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) 2021 guidance, no national guideline existed on how best to manage maternal hypotension following spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section. A 2017 international consensus statement recommended prophylactic vasopressor administration to maintain a systolic blood pressure of >90% of an accurate pre-spinal value, and to avoid a drop to <80% of this value. This survey aimed to assess regional adherence to these recommendations, the presence of local guidelines for management of hypotension during caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia, and the individual clinician's treatment thresholds for maternal hypotension and tachycardia. METHODS The West Midlands Trainee-led Research in Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Network co-ordinated surveys of obstetric anaesthetic departments and consultant obstetric anaesthetists across 11 National Health Service Trusts in the Midlands, England. RESULTS One-hundred-and-two consultant obstetric anaesthetists returned the survey and 73% of sites had a policy for vasopressor use; 91% used phenylephrine as the first-line drug but a wide range of recommended delivery methods was noted and target blood pressure was only listed in 50% of policies. Significant variation existed in both vasopressor delivery methods and target blood pressures. CONCLUSIONS Although NICE has since recommended prophylactic phenylephrine infusion and a target blood pressure, the previous international consensus statement was not adhered to routinely.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Jarvis
- University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, UK.
| | - J Blackburn
- Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - C Hailstone
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | | | - W Rook
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - R Maniar
- Kettering General Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - J Graham
- Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - T Sengar
- Kettering General Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - S J Dunn
- Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, UK
| | - L Tooley
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - E Blurton
- University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - K Mak
- University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, UK
| | - R Dunham
- Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - R Baker
- The Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | | | - A Freeman
- Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - S Delahunt
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - S Gurung
- University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - N Akhtar
- University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, UK
| | - R Parmar
- Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - D Whitney
- Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | | | | | - J Pilsbury
- Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - N Sandur
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - V Girotra
- Kettering General Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - J Greenwood
- Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - D Baines
- Kettering General Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - A Bhat
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - L Baxendale
- University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - M Porter
- University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, UK
| | - A Whapples
- Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - A Kumar
- University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, UK
| | | | - R Perry
- University of Birmingham, UK
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Chowdhary A, Cubbon R, Thirunavukarasu S, Jex N, Kotha S, Xue H, Kellman P, Greenwood J, Plein S, Levelt E. Body mass index associated differences in cardiac stress energetics in type 2 diabetes. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Patients with T2D and heart disease have normal body mass index (BMI), suggesting that diabetes and obesity mediate cardiovascular change by different mechanisms. Changes in cardiac energy metabolism in lean diabetic patients during exercise stress have not been previously reported.
Objectives
We aimed to assess if there are BMI-associated differences in cardiac stress metabolism in patients with T2D.
Methods
Twenty-five overweight T2D patients (O-T2D) and eleven lean T2D patients (LnT2D), age- and ethnicity-matched and with no other comorbidities were studied. Patients were on oral hypoglycaemics only and were free of diabetes complications. Participants underwent rest and dobutamine stress phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) at 3T for the assessment of myocardial phosphocreatine to ATP ratio (PCr/ATP) as a measure of myocardial energetics, biventricular volumes, rest and stress left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction, global longitudinal shortening, and mitral in-flow E/A ratio for assessment of diastolic function and perfusion.
Intravenous Dobutamine was administered at a dose of 10μg/kg/min, increasing at 90 second intervals up to a maximum of 40 μg/kg/min to achieve a target heart rate of 65% of the age-predicted maximal heart rate. Mean rate pressure product (RPP) was recorded at rest and stress. Heart rate was maintained at target for the duration of the 31P-MRS and stress CMR cine, mitral in-flow and perfusion acquisitions.
Results
The cardiac volumes, systolic or diastolic function and LV mass were similar between LnT2D and O-T2D. Although the O-T2D patients had a numerically lower rest and stress PCr/ATP ratio, this did not reach statistical significance. Resting PCr/ATP was reduced in LnT2D and O-T2D patients similarly. However, LnT2D showed a greater reduction in PCr/ATP (stress PCr/ATP LnT2D 1.51±0.2 vs O-T2D 1.41±0.25, p=0.02) despite similar increases in RPP. Stress myocardial blood flow (MBF) was also significantly lower in the O-T2D patients. There were significant correlations of BMI with LV mass (r=0.35, p=0.03); stress LVEF (r=−0.34, p=0.04); stress MBF stress (r=−0.53, p=0.001) and stress E/A (r=0.46, p=0.01) (figure 1).
Conclusions
Despite their better stress perfusion and similar glycaemic control, LnT2D show worse metabolic reserve characterised by more significant decrements in energetics in response to hemodynamic stress compared to overweight patients with T2D. Higher BMI correlates inversely with stress myocardial blood flow and with stress left ventricular ejection fraction. The presence of these subtle alterations in measures of stress metabolism and perfusion might signify a distinct metabolic phenotype of “lean diabetic cardiomyopathy”. Future studies are needed to further delineate alterations in cardiac energy metabolism in lean and overweight/obese type 2 diabetes patients, and their role in the development of cardiac dysfunction.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Wellcome TrustBHF
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chowdhary
- University of Leeds , Leeds , United Kingdom
| | - R Cubbon
- University of Leeds , Leeds , United Kingdom
| | | | - N Jex
- University of Leeds , Leeds , United Kingdom
| | - S Kotha
- University of Leeds , Leeds , United Kingdom
| | - H Xue
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute , Bethesda , United States of America
| | - P Kellman
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute , Bethesda , United States of America
| | - J Greenwood
- University of Leeds , Leeds , United Kingdom
| | - S Plein
- University of Leeds , Leeds , United Kingdom
| | - E Levelt
- University of Leeds , Leeds , United Kingdom
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Evans RA, Leavy OC, Richardson M, Elneima O, McAuley HJC, Shikotra A, Singapuri A, Sereno M, Saunders RM, Harris VC, Houchen-Wolloff L, Aul R, Beirne P, Bolton CE, Brown JS, Choudhury G, Diar-Bakerly N, Easom N, Echevarria C, Fuld J, Hart N, Hurst J, Jones MG, Parekh D, Pfeffer P, Rahman NM, Rowland-Jones SL, Shah AM, Wootton DG, Chalder T, Davies MJ, De Soyza A, Geddes JR, Greenhalf W, Greening NJ, Heaney LG, Heller S, Howard LS, Jacob J, Jenkins RG, Lord JM, Man WDC, McCann GP, Neubauer S, Openshaw PJM, Porter JC, Rowland MJ, Scott JT, Semple MG, Singh SJ, Thomas DC, Toshner M, Lewis KE, Thwaites RS, Briggs A, Docherty AB, Kerr S, Lone NI, Quint J, Sheikh A, Thorpe M, Zheng B, Chalmers JD, Ho LP, Horsley A, Marks M, Poinasamy K, Raman B, Harrison EM, Wain LV, Brightling CE, Abel K, Adamali H, Adeloye D, Adeyemi O, Adrego R, Aguilar Jimenez LA, Ahmad S, Ahmad Haider N, Ahmed R, Ahwireng N, Ainsworth M, Al-Sheklly B, Alamoudi A, Ali M, Aljaroof M, All AM, Allan L, Allen RJ, Allerton L, Allsop L, Almeida P, Altmann D, Alvarez Corral M, Amoils S, Anderson D, Antoniades C, Arbane G, Arias A, Armour C, Armstrong L, Armstrong N, Arnold D, Arnold H, Ashish A, Ashworth A, Ashworth M, Aslani S, Assefa-Kebede H, Atkin C, Atkin P, Aung H, Austin L, Avram C, Ayoub A, Babores M, Baggott R, Bagshaw J, Baguley D, Bailey L, Baillie JK, Bain S, Bakali M, Bakau M, Baldry E, Baldwin D, Ballard C, Banerjee A, Bang B, Barker RE, Barman L, Barratt S, Barrett F, Basire D, Basu N, Bates M, Bates A, Batterham R, Baxendale H, Bayes H, Beadsworth M, Beckett P, Beggs M, Begum M, Bell D, Bell R, Bennett K, Beranova E, Bermperi A, Berridge A, Berry C, Betts S, Bevan E, Bhui K, Bingham M, Birchall K, Bishop L, Bisnauthsing K, Blaikely J, Bloss A, Bolger A, Bonnington J, Botkai A, Bourne C, Bourne M, Bramham K, Brear L, Breen G, Breeze J, Bright E, Brill S, Brindle K, Broad L, Broadley A, Brookes C, Broome M, Brown A, Brown A, Brown J, Brown J, Brown M, Brown M, Brown V, Brugha T, Brunskill N, Buch M, Buckley P, Bularga A, Bullmore E, Burden L, Burdett T, Burn D, Burns G, Burns A, Busby J, Butcher R, Butt A, Byrne S, Cairns P, Calder PC, Calvelo E, Carborn H, Card B, Carr C, Carr L, Carson G, Carter P, Casey A, Cassar M, Cavanagh J, Chablani M, Chambers RC, Chan F, Channon KM, Chapman K, Charalambou A, Chaudhuri N, Checkley A, Chen J, Cheng Y, Chetham L, Childs C, Chilvers ER, Chinoy H, Chiribiri A, Chong-James K, Choudhury N, Chowienczyk P, Christie C, Chrystal M, Clark D, Clark C, Clarke J, Clohisey S, Coakley G, Coburn Z, Coetzee S, Cole J, Coleman C, Conneh F, Connell D, Connolly B, Connor L, Cook A, Cooper B, Cooper J, Cooper S, Copeland D, Cosier T, Coulding M, Coupland C, Cox E, Craig T, Crisp P, Cristiano D, Crooks MG, Cross A, Cruz I, Cullinan P, Cuthbertson D, Daines L, Dalton M, Daly P, Daniels A, Dark P, Dasgin J, David A, David C, Davies E, Davies F, Davies G, Davies GA, Davies K, Dawson J, Daynes E, Deakin B, Deans A, Deas C, Deery J, Defres S, Dell A, Dempsey K, Denneny E, Dennis J, Dewar A, Dharmagunawardena R, Dickens C, Dipper A, Diver S, Diwanji SN, Dixon M, Djukanovic R, Dobson H, Dobson SL, Donaldson A, Dong T, Dormand N, Dougherty A, Dowling R, Drain S, Draxlbauer K, Drury K, Dulawan P, Dunleavy A, Dunn S, Earley J, Edwards S, Edwardson C, El-Taweel H, Elliott A, Elliott K, Ellis Y, Elmer A, Evans D, Evans H, Evans J, Evans R, Evans RI, Evans T, Evenden C, Evison L, Fabbri L, Fairbairn S, Fairman A, Fallon K, Faluyi D, Favager C, Fayzan T, Featherstone J, Felton T, Finch J, Finney S, Finnigan J, Finnigan L, Fisher H, Fletcher S, Flockton R, Flynn M, Foot H, Foote D, Ford A, Forton D, Fraile E, Francis C, Francis R, Francis S, Frankel A, Fraser E, Free R, French N, Fu X, Furniss J, Garner L, Gautam N, George J, George P, Gibbons M, Gill M, Gilmour L, Gleeson F, Glossop J, Glover S, Goodman N, Goodwin C, Gooptu B, Gordon H, Gorsuch T, Greatorex M, Greenhaff PL, Greenhalgh A, Greenwood J, Gregory H, Gregory R, Grieve D, Griffin D, Griffiths L, Guerdette AM, Guillen Guio B, Gummadi M, Gupta A, Gurram S, Guthrie E, Guy Z, H Henson H, Hadley K, Haggar A, Hainey K, Hairsine B, Haldar P, Hall I, Hall L, Halling-Brown M, Hamil R, Hancock A, Hancock K, Hanley NA, Haq S, Hardwick HE, Hardy E, Hardy T, Hargadon B, Harrington K, Harris E, Harrison P, Harvey A, Harvey M, Harvie M, Haslam L, Havinden-Williams M, Hawkes J, Hawkings N, Haworth J, Hayday A, Haynes M, Hazeldine J, Hazelton T, Heeley C, Heeney JL, Heightman M, Henderson M, Hesselden L, Hewitt M, Highett V, Hillman T, Hiwot T, Hoare A, Hoare M, Hockridge J, Hogarth P, Holbourn A, Holden S, Holdsworth L, Holgate D, Holland M, Holloway L, Holmes K, Holmes M, Holroyd-Hind B, Holt L, Hormis A, Hosseini A, Hotopf M, Howard K, Howell A, Hufton E, Hughes AD, Hughes J, Hughes R, Humphries A, Huneke N, Hurditch E, Husain M, Hussell T, Hutchinson J, Ibrahim W, Ilyas F, Ingham J, Ingram L, Ionita D, Isaacs K, Ismail K, Jackson T, James WY, Jarman C, Jarrold I, Jarvis H, Jastrub R, Jayaraman B, Jezzard P, Jiwa K, Johnson C, Johnson S, Johnston D, Jolley CJ, Jones D, Jones G, Jones H, Jones H, Jones I, Jones L, Jones S, Jose S, Kabir T, Kaltsakas G, Kamwa V, Kanellakis N, Kaprowska S, Kausar Z, Keenan N, Kelly S, Kemp G, Kerslake H, Key AL, Khan F, Khunti K, Kilroy S, King B, King C, Kingham L, Kirk J, Kitterick P, Klenerman P, Knibbs L, Knight S, Knighton A, Kon O, Kon S, Kon SS, Koprowska S, Korszun A, Koychev I, Kurasz C, Kurupati P, Laing C, Lamlum H, Landers G, Langenberg C, Lasserson D, Lavelle-Langham L, Lawrie A, Lawson C, Lawson C, Layton A, Lea A, Lee D, Lee JH, Lee E, Leitch K, Lenagh R, Lewis D, Lewis J, Lewis V, Lewis-Burke N, Li X, Light T, Lightstone L, Lilaonitkul W, Lim L, Linford S, Lingford-Hughes A, Lipman M, Liyanage K, Lloyd A, Logan S, Lomas D, Loosley R, Lota H, Lovegrove W, Lucey A, Lukaschuk E, Lye A, Lynch C, MacDonald S, MacGowan G, Macharia I, Mackie J, Macliver L, Madathil S, Madzamba G, Magee N, Magtoto MM, Mairs N, Majeed N, Major E, Malein F, Malim M, Mallison G, Mandal S, Mangion K, Manisty C, Manley R, March K, Marciniak S, Marino P, Mariveles M, Marouzet E, Marsh S, Marshall B, Marshall M, Martin J, Martineau A, Martinez LM, Maskell N, Matila D, Matimba-Mupaya W, Matthews L, Mbuyisa A, McAdoo S, Weir McCall J, McAllister-Williams H, McArdle A, McArdle P, McAulay D, McCormick J, McCormick W, McCourt P, McGarvey L, McGee C, Mcgee K, McGinness J, McGlynn K, McGovern A, McGuinness H, McInnes IB, McIntosh J, McIvor E, McIvor K, McLeavey L, McMahon A, McMahon MJ, McMorrow L, Mcnally T, McNarry M, McNeill J, McQueen A, McShane H, Mears C, Megson C, Megson S, Mehta P, Meiring J, Melling L, Mencias M, Menzies D, Merida Morillas M, Michael A, Milligan L, Miller C, Mills C, Mills NL, Milner L, Misra S, Mitchell J, Mohamed A, Mohamed N, Mohammed S, Molyneaux PL, Monteiro W, Moriera S, Morley A, Morrison L, Morriss R, Morrow A, Moss AJ, Moss P, Motohashi K, Msimanga N, Mukaetova-Ladinska E, Munawar U, Murira J, Nanda U, Nassa H, Nasseri M, Neal A, Needham R, Neill P, Newell H, Newman T, Newton-Cox A, Nicholson T, Nicoll D, Nolan CM, Noonan MJ, Norman C, Novotny P, Nunag J, Nwafor L, Nwanguma U, Nyaboko J, O'Donnell K, O'Brien C, O'Brien L, O'Regan D, Odell N, Ogg G, Olaosebikan O, Oliver C, Omar Z, Orriss-Dib L, Osborne L, Osbourne R, Ostermann M, Overton C, Owen J, Oxton J, Pack J, Pacpaco E, Paddick S, Painter S, Pakzad A, Palmer S, Papineni P, Paques K, Paradowski K, Pareek M, Parfrey H, Pariante C, Parker S, Parkes M, Parmar J, Patale S, Patel B, Patel M, Patel S, Pattenadk D, Pavlides M, Payne S, Pearce L, Pearl JE, Peckham D, Pendlebury J, Peng Y, Pennington C, Peralta I, Perkins E, Peterkin Z, Peto T, Petousi N, Petrie J, Phipps J, Pimm J, Piper Hanley K, Pius R, Plant H, Plein S, Plekhanova T, Plowright M, Polgar O, Poll L, Porter J, Portukhay S, Powell N, Prabhu A, Pratt J, Price A, Price C, Price C, Price D, Price L, Price L, Prickett A, Propescu J, Pugmire S, Quaid S, Quigley J, Qureshi H, Qureshi IN, Radhakrishnan K, Ralser M, Ramos A, Ramos H, Rangeley J, Rangelov B, Ratcliffe L, Ravencroft P, Reddington A, Reddy R, Redfearn H, Redwood D, Reed A, Rees M, Rees T, Regan K, Reynolds W, Ribeiro C, Richards A, Richardson E, Rivera-Ortega P, Roberts K, Robertson E, Robinson E, Robinson L, Roche L, Roddis C, Rodger J, Ross A, Ross G, Rossdale J, Rostron A, Rowe A, Rowland A, Rowland J, Roy K, Roy M, Rudan I, Russell R, Russell E, Saalmink G, Sabit R, Sage EK, Samakomva T, Samani N, Sampson C, Samuel K, Samuel R, Sanderson A, Sapey E, Saralaya D, Sargant J, Sarginson C, Sass T, Sattar N, Saunders K, Saunders P, Saunders LC, Savill H, Saxon W, Sayer A, Schronce J, Schwaeble W, Scott K, Selby N, Sewell TA, Shah K, Shah P, Shankar-Hari M, Sharma M, Sharpe C, Sharpe M, Shashaa S, Shaw A, Shaw K, Shaw V, Shelton S, Shenton L, Shevket K, Short J, Siddique S, Siddiqui S, Sidebottom J, Sigfrid L, Simons G, Simpson J, Simpson N, Singh C, Singh S, Sissons D, Skeemer J, Slack K, Smith A, Smith D, Smith S, Smith J, Smith L, Soares M, Solano TS, Solly R, Solstice AR, Soulsby T, Southern D, Sowter D, Spears M, Spencer LG, Speranza F, Stadon L, Stanel S, Steele N, Steiner M, Stensel D, Stephens G, Stephenson L, Stern M, Stewart I, Stimpson R, Stockdale S, Stockley J, Stoker W, Stone R, Storrar W, Storrie A, Storton K, Stringer E, Strong-Sheldrake S, Stroud N, Subbe C, Sudlow CL, Suleiman Z, Summers C, Summersgill C, Sutherland D, Sykes DL, Sykes R, Talbot N, Tan AL, Tarusan L, Tavoukjian V, Taylor A, Taylor C, Taylor J, Te A, Tedd H, Tee CJ, Teixeira J, Tench H, Terry S, Thackray-Nocera S, Thaivalappil F, Thamu B, Thickett D, Thomas C, Thomas S, Thomas AK, Thomas-Woods T, Thompson T, Thompson AAR, Thornton T, Tilley J, Tinker N, Tiongson GF, Tobin M, Tomlinson J, Tong C, Touyz R, Tripp KA, Tunnicliffe E, Turnbull A, Turner E, Turner S, Turner V, Turner K, Turney S, Turtle L, Turton H, Ugoji J, Ugwuoke R, Upthegrove R, Valabhji J, Ventura M, Vere J, Vickers C, Vinson B, Wade E, Wade P, Wainwright T, Wajero LO, Walder S, Walker S, Walker S, Wall E, Wallis T, Walmsley S, Walsh JA, Walsh S, Warburton L, Ward TJC, Warwick K, Wassall H, Waterson S, Watson E, Watson L, Watson J, Welch C, Welch H, Welsh B, Wessely S, West S, Weston H, Wheeler H, White S, Whitehead V, Whitney J, Whittaker S, Whittam B, Whitworth V, Wight A, Wild J, Wilkins M, Wilkinson D, Williams N, Williams N, Williams J, Williams-Howard SA, Willicombe M, Willis G, Willoughby J, Wilson A, Wilson D, Wilson I, Window N, Witham M, Wolf-Roberts R, Wood C, Woodhead F, Woods J, Wormleighton J, Worsley J, Wraith D, Wrey Brown C, Wright C, Wright L, Wright S, Wyles J, Wynter I, Xu M, Yasmin N, Yasmin S, Yates T, Yip KP, Young B, Young S, Young A, Yousuf AJ, Zawia A, Zeidan L, Zhao B, Zongo O. Clinical characteristics with inflammation profiling of long COVID and association with 1-year recovery following hospitalisation in the UK: a prospective observational study. Lancet Respir Med 2022; 10:761-775. [PMID: 35472304 PMCID: PMC9034855 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(22)00127-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No effective pharmacological or non-pharmacological interventions exist for patients with long COVID. We aimed to describe recovery 1 year after hospital discharge for COVID-19, identify factors associated with patient-perceived recovery, and identify potential therapeutic targets by describing the underlying inflammatory profiles of the previously described recovery clusters at 5 months after hospital discharge. METHODS The Post-hospitalisation COVID-19 study (PHOSP-COVID) is a prospective, longitudinal cohort study recruiting adults (aged ≥18 years) discharged from hospital with COVID-19 across the UK. Recovery was assessed using patient-reported outcome measures, physical performance, and organ function at 5 months and 1 year after hospital discharge, and stratified by both patient-perceived recovery and recovery cluster. Hierarchical logistic regression modelling was performed for patient-perceived recovery at 1 year. Cluster analysis was done using the clustering large applications k-medoids approach using clinical outcomes at 5 months. Inflammatory protein profiling was analysed from plasma at the 5-month visit. This study is registered on the ISRCTN Registry, ISRCTN10980107, and recruitment is ongoing. FINDINGS 2320 participants discharged from hospital between March 7, 2020, and April 18, 2021, were assessed at 5 months after discharge and 807 (32·7%) participants completed both the 5-month and 1-year visits. 279 (35·6%) of these 807 patients were women and 505 (64·4%) were men, with a mean age of 58·7 (SD 12·5) years, and 224 (27·8%) had received invasive mechanical ventilation (WHO class 7-9). The proportion of patients reporting full recovery was unchanged between 5 months (501 [25·5%] of 1965) and 1 year (232 [28·9%] of 804). Factors associated with being less likely to report full recovery at 1 year were female sex (odds ratio 0·68 [95% CI 0·46-0·99]), obesity (0·50 [0·34-0·74]) and invasive mechanical ventilation (0·42 [0·23-0·76]). Cluster analysis (n=1636) corroborated the previously reported four clusters: very severe, severe, moderate with cognitive impairment, and mild, relating to the severity of physical health, mental health, and cognitive impairment at 5 months. We found increased inflammatory mediators of tissue damage and repair in both the very severe and the moderate with cognitive impairment clusters compared with the mild cluster, including IL-6 concentration, which was increased in both comparisons (n=626 participants). We found a substantial deficit in median EQ-5D-5L utility index from before COVID-19 (retrospective assessment; 0·88 [IQR 0·74-1·00]), at 5 months (0·74 [0·64-0·88]) to 1 year (0·75 [0·62-0·88]), with minimal improvements across all outcome measures at 1 year after discharge in the whole cohort and within each of the four clusters. INTERPRETATION The sequelae of a hospital admission with COVID-19 were substantial 1 year after discharge across a range of health domains, with the minority in our cohort feeling fully recovered. Patient-perceived health-related quality of life was reduced at 1 year compared with before hospital admission. Systematic inflammation and obesity are potential treatable traits that warrant further investigation in clinical trials. FUNDING UK Research and Innovation and National Institute for Health Research.
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6
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Aguilar-Arevalo AA, Alves DSM, Biedron S, Boissevain J, Borrego M, Chavez-Estrada M, Chavez A, Conrad JM, Cooper RL, Diaz A, Distel JR, D'Olivo JC, Dunton E, Dutta B, Elliott A, Evans D, Fields D, Greenwood J, Gold M, Gordon J, Guarincerri E, Huang EC, Kamp N, Kelsey C, Knickerbocker K, Lake R, Louis WC, Mahapatra R, Maludze S, Mirabal J, Moreno R, Neog H, deNiverville P, Pandey V, Plata-Salas J, Poulson D, Ray H, Renner E, Schaub TJ, Shaevitz MH, Smith D, Sondheim W, Szelc AM, Taylor C, Thompson WH, Thornton RT, Tripathi M, Van Berg R, Van de Water RG, Verma S, Walker K. First Leptophobic Dark Matter Search from the Coherent-CAPTAIN-Mills Liquid Argon Detector. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:021801. [PMID: 35867467 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.021801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report the first results of a search for leptophobic dark matter (DM) from the Coherent-CAPTAIN-Mills (CCM) liquid argon (LAr) detector. An engineering run with 120 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) and 17.9×10^{20} protons on target (POT) was performed in fall 2019 to study the characteristics of the CCM detector. The operation of this 10-ton detector was strictly light based with a threshold of 50 keV and used coherent elastic scattering off argon nuclei to detect DM. Despite only 1.5 months of accumulated luminosity, contaminated LAr, and nonoptimized shielding, CCM's first engineering run has already achieved sensitivity to previously unexplored parameter space of light dark matter models with a baryonic vector portal. With an expected background of 115 005 events, we observe 115 005+16.5 events which is compatible with background expectations. For a benchmark mediator-to-DM mass ratio of m_{V_{B}}/m_{χ}=2.1, DM masses within the range 9 MeV≲m_{χ}≲50 MeV are excluded at 90% C. L. in the leptophobic model after applying the Feldman-Cousins test statistic. CCM's upgraded run with 200 PMTs, filtered LAr, improved shielding, and 10 times more POT will be able to exclude the remaining thermal relic density parameter space of this model, as well as probe new parameter space of other leptophobic DM models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D S M Alves
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S Biedron
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - J Boissevain
- Bartoszek Engineering, Aurora, Illinois 60506, USA
| | - M Borrego
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | | | - A Chavez
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J M Conrad
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - R L Cooper
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - A Diaz
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J R Distel
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J C D'Olivo
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX 04510, México
| | - E Dunton
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - B Dutta
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - A Elliott
- Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Prescott, Arizona 86301, USA
| | - D Evans
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D Fields
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - J Greenwood
- Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Prescott, Arizona 86301, USA
| | - M Gold
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - J Gordon
- Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Prescott, Arizona 86301, USA
| | - E Guarincerri
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - E C Huang
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - N Kamp
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C Kelsey
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - K Knickerbocker
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - R Lake
- Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Prescott, Arizona 86301, USA
| | - W C Louis
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - R Mahapatra
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - S Maludze
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - J Mirabal
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - R Moreno
- Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Prescott, Arizona 86301, USA
| | - H Neog
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P deNiverville
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - V Pandey
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - J Plata-Salas
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX 04510, México
| | - D Poulson
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - H Ray
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - E Renner
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - T J Schaub
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - M H Shaevitz
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - D Smith
- Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Prescott, Arizona 86301, USA
| | - W Sondheim
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - A M Szelc
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - C Taylor
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - W H Thompson
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - R T Thornton
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M Tripathi
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - R Van Berg
- Bartoszek Engineering, Aurora, Illinois 60506, USA
| | - R G Van de Water
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S Verma
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - K Walker
- Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Prescott, Arizona 86301, USA
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Oud MS, Smits RM, Smith HE, Mastrorosa FK, Holt GS, Houston BJ, de Vries PF, Alobaidi BKS, Batty LE, Ismail H, Greenwood J, Sheth H, Mikulasova A, Astuti GDN, Gilissen C, McEleny K, Turner H, Coxhead J, Cockell S, Braat DDM, Fleischer K, D’Hauwers KWM, Schaafsma E, Nagirnaja L, Conrad DF, Friedrich C, Kliesch S, Aston KI, Riera-Escamilla A, Krausz C, Gonzaga-Jauregui C, Santibanez-Koref M, Elliott DJ, Vissers LELM, Tüttelmann F, O’Bryan MK, Ramos L, Xavier MJ, van der Heijden GW, Veltman JA. A de novo paradigm for male infertility. Nat Commun 2022; 13:154. [PMID: 35013161 PMCID: PMC8748898 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27132-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
De novo mutations are known to play a prominent role in sporadic disorders with reduced fitness. We hypothesize that de novo mutations play an important role in severe male infertility and explain a portion of the genetic causes of this understudied disorder. To test this hypothesis, we utilize trio-based exome sequencing in a cohort of 185 infertile males and their unaffected parents. Following a systematic analysis, 29 of 145 rare (MAF < 0.1%) protein-altering de novo mutations are classified as possibly causative of the male infertility phenotype. We observed a significant enrichment of loss-of-function de novo mutations in loss-of-function-intolerant genes (p-value = 1.00 × 10-5) in infertile men compared to controls. Additionally, we detected a significant increase in predicted pathogenic de novo missense mutations affecting missense-intolerant genes (p-value = 5.01 × 10-4) in contrast to predicted benign de novo mutations. One gene we identify, RBM5, is an essential regulator of male germ cell pre-mRNA splicing and has been previously implicated in male infertility in mice. In a follow-up study, 6 rare pathogenic missense mutations affecting this gene are observed in a cohort of 2,506 infertile patients, whilst we find no such mutations in a cohort of 5,784 fertile men (p-value = 0.03). Our results provide evidence for the role of de novo mutations in severe male infertility and point to new candidate genes affecting fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. S. Oud
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - R. M. Smits
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - H. E. Smith
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - F. K. Mastrorosa
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - G. S. Holt
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - B. J. Houston
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSchool of BioSciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC Australia
| | - P. F. de Vries
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - B. K. S. Alobaidi
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - L. E. Batty
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - H. Ismail
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - J. Greenwood
- grid.420004.20000 0004 0444 2244Department of Genetic Medicine, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - H. Sheth
- Foundation for Research in Genetics and Endocrinology, Institute of Human Genetics, Ahmedabad, India
| | - A. Mikulasova
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - G. D. N. Astuti
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands ,grid.412032.60000 0001 0744 0787Division of Human Genetics, Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - C. Gilissen
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - K. McEleny
- grid.420004.20000 0004 0444 2244Newcastle Fertility Centre, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - H. Turner
- grid.420004.20000 0004 0444 2244Department of Cellular Pathology, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - J. Coxhead
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Genomics Core Facility, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - S. Cockell
- Bioinformatics Support Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences New, castle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - D. D. M. Braat
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - K. Fleischer
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - K. W. M. D’Hauwers
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Urology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - E. Schaafsma
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Pathology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - L. Nagirnaja
- grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690Division of Genetics, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR USA
| | - D. F. Conrad
- grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690Division of Genetics, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR USA
| | - C. Friedrich
- grid.5949.10000 0001 2172 9288Institute of Reproductive Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - S. Kliesch
- grid.16149.3b0000 0004 0551 4246Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, Department of Clinical and Surgical Andrology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - K. I. Aston
- grid.223827.e0000 0001 2193 0096Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT USA
| | - A. Riera-Escamilla
- grid.418813.70000 0004 1767 1951Andrology Department, Fundació Puigvert, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
| | - C. Krausz
- grid.8404.80000 0004 1757 2304Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - C. Gonzaga-Jauregui
- grid.418961.30000 0004 0472 2713Regeneron Genetics Center, Tarrytown, NY USA
| | - M. Santibanez-Koref
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - D. J. Elliott
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - L. E. L. M. Vissers
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - F. Tüttelmann
- grid.5949.10000 0001 2172 9288Institute of Reproductive Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - M. K. O’Bryan
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSchool of BioSciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC Australia
| | - L. Ramos
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - M. J. Xavier
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - G. W. van der Heijden
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands ,grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J. A. Veltman
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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8
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Keenan N, Captur G, McCann G, Berry C, Myerson S, Fairbairn T, Hudsmith L, O'Regan D, Westwood M, Greenwood J. UK national and regional trends in cardiovascular magnetic resonance usage – the British Society of CMR survey results. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
CMR is an imaging modality recommended for multiple indications. Access to CMR is a key issue for its clinical use. We surveyed all CMR units in the UK.
Methods
An online survey of CMR units in the UK, with responses analysed by region and compared with population data.
Results
Response rate was 100% (Table). The UK performed a total of 102,886 scans in 2017, and 117,967 in 2018 representing a 1-year 14.7% increase and a 10-year increase of 573% compared to 2008 data (20,597).By head of population in 2018 there were 1,776 CMR scans per million people, with significant variation nationally and regionally, e.g. 4,256 per million in London vs. 396 per million in Wales (Figure). Mean number of scans per unit was 1,404, (range 98–10,000) with wide variation in referral to diagnostic times (mean 45.7 days, range 5–180) (Figure).
Clinical indications for CMR were: heart failure 21%, cardiomyopathy 27%, function and viability 22%, stress 24%, vascular disease 5%, valvular 5%, myocarditis/pericardial 10%, paediatric /congenital 10%, others e.g. transplant/masses 4%, with overlap. There were 358 consultants reporting CMR in 2018 (234 (65%) cardiologists and 124 (35%) radiologists). 81% of units had a CMR service for patients with pacemakers and defibrillators.
Conclusion
The survey shows the state of CMR in the UK. The 10-year growth has been remarkable, but there are wide disparities in terms of use, access and wait times with potential implications for clinical care. Action is needed to make access equitable across the UK.
Figure 1
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- N Keenan
- West Hertfordshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Greater London, United Kingdom
| | - G Captur
- University College London, Cardiology, London, United Kingdom
| | - G McCann
- University of Leicester, Cardiology, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - C Berry
- University of Glasgow, Cardiology, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - S Myerson
- University of Oxford, Cardiology, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - T Fairbairn
- Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Cardiology, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - L Hudsmith
- University Hospital Birmingham, Cardiology, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - D O'Regan
- Imperial College London, Radiology, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Westwood
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiology, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Greenwood
- University of Leeds, Cardiology, Leeds, United Kingdom
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Kwak S, Everett R, Ko T, Lee H, Lee W, Treibel T, Chin C, Captur G, Schulz-Menger J, Newby D, Greenwood J, Moon J, Dweck M, Lee S. Stratifying the prognostic capability of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in severe aortic stenosis: a machine learning approach. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) demonstrates promise in improving patient risk stratification in aortic stenosis (AS). We explored whether machine learning might provide further insights into the prognostic capability of CMR parameters.
Methods
Severe AS patients (n=440) undergoing AVR were prospectively enrolled across 10 international sites, and CMR performed prior to AVR. A machine learning prediction model using a random survival forest (RSF) was trained with 29 variables, including 13 CMR, 4 echocardiography, and 12 clinical parameters, using post-AVR mortality as an outcome. The impact of the important variables on the outcome (partial dependency) was examined.
Results
The most predictive CMR parameters in the RSF model were the extracellular volume fraction (ECV%), followed by right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF), late gadolinium enhancement (LGE%), and indexed left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDVi). Regarding the partial effects, the predicted mortality increased strongly once the ECV% exceeded 26.5% (Figure 1A). The LGE% was associated with an increased risk of mortality, which reached a plateau beyond the level of 2% (Figure 1C). There were U-shaped relationships between mortality and both RVEF and LVEDVi, with the lowest mortality seen at RVEF 70% and LVEDVi 68ml/m2 (Figure 1B, D). These trends of predicted outcomes by each variable were verified in the Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox analyses (Table). In both Cox and RSF models, the predictability was substantially increased when these four CMR parameters were added to conventional clinical risk factors. An AS-CMR risk score comprised of these four parameters presented a stepwise increase in mortality with increasing adverse CMR features (p<0.001).
Conclusions
Our machine learning analysis using RSF has identified ECV%, RVEF, LGE%, and LVEDVi as key prognostic markers in severe AS with a nonlinear influence of each parameter on mortality post-AVR.
Figure 1
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): This study was supported by grants from the Korean Health Technology R & D Project, Ministry of Health, Welfare & Family Affairs, Republic of Korea (HI16C0225 and HI15C0399) and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) infrastructure at Leeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kwak
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - R Everett
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - T Ko
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - W Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - T Treibel
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - C Chin
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - G Captur
- Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Newby
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - J Moon
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - M.R Dweck
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - S.P Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
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Dumitru RB, Bissell LA, Erhayiem B, Fent G, Kidambi A, Abignano G, Greenwood J, Biglands J, Del Galdo F, Plein S, Buch MH. THU0342 DECLINE IN SUBCLINICAL SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS PRIMARY HEART INVOLVEMENT ASSOCIATES WITH POOR PROGNOSTIC FACTORS AND ACTIVE INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Primary systemic sclerosis heart involvement (pSSc-HI) is described in the majority of SSc patients when sensitive methods such as cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) are used1. The natural history of these subclinical findings are unknown.Objectives:To evaluate for interval change in subclinical pSSc-HI, the association between change in CMR abnormalities and disease phenotype and whether disease modifying antirheumatic (DMARD) and/or vasodilator treatment influence the CMR course.Methods:SSc patients, fulfilling the 2013 ACR/EULAR criteria, with no cardiovascular (CV) disease, diabetes and no more than 2 CV risk factors had two CMRs performed (V1 & V2; minimum 1 year apart). A 3T CMR with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), T1 mapping for extracellular volume (ECV of diffuse fibrosis) quantification and stress perfusion was undertaken.Results:31 SSc patients were evaluated, with median (IQR) follow up (between the 2 CMR scans) of 33 (17, 37) months. Median (IQR) age was 52 (47,60), 32% had diffuse cutaneous SSc, 52% interstitial lung disease (ILD), 29% Scl70+.4/31 patients had a non-ischaemic LGE pattern suggesting focal fibrosis at V1, with no change in the pattern, distribution, or median (IQR) LGE scar mass between V1 and V2 [1.88 (1.01, 6.34) vs 1.70 (1.21, 4.18)]. At V2, 2 additional patients showed focal fibrosis, of which one had an episode of clinically diagnosed myocarditis. No significant change in ECV, T1 native, myocardial perfusion reserve (MPR) or left ventricle (LV) volumes and function were noted at V2 compared with V1 (p>0.01).SSc patients with either increase in pre-existing LGE scar mass (n=1) or new fibrosis were all dcSSc, with ILD, 2 Scl70+. A reduction in forced vital capacity and total lung capacity associated with a reduction in LV ejection fraction (LVEF) (rho=0.413, p=0.021; rho-0.335, p=0.07) and MPR (rho=0.543, p=0.007; rho=0.627, p=0.002).Patients receiving DMARD treatment had higher baseline LV end-diastolic volume compared to those with no DMARD treatment [mean (SD) 78 (19) vs 69 (10), p=0.167]. A decrease in LV stroke volume and an increase in T1 native at V1 vs V2 was noted for those on DMARD [mean (SD) 49 (8) vs 46 (8), p =0.023; 1208 (65) vs 1265 (56), p=0.008 respectively] (Figure 1). No significant change in CMR measures in those receiving vasodilator or angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor treatment was noted (p>0.01).Figure 1.Mean (SD) of T1 native, LVSV/BSA, LVEF, and LVEDV/BSA at V1 compared to V2 in those with and without DMARD treatment. BSA, body surface area; DMARD, disease modifying antirheumatic drugs; EDV, end-diastolic volume; SV, stroke volume; LV left ventricular; EF, ejection fraction.Conclusion:This first, pilot longitudinal study of CMR-defined subclinical pSSc-HI suggests largely stable appearances with follow-up. Progression of new focal fibrosis and decline in LV function and MPR, where observed, associated with poor prognostic factors of SSc and ILD progression. Consistent with this, individuals on DMARD appeared to show interval decline. Larger longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm these findings and inform on utility of CMR monitoring of subclinical pSSc-HI in poor prognosis SSc.References:[1]Ntusi NA et al, J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2014Disclosure of Interests:Raluca-Bianca Dumitru: None declared, Lesley Anne Bissell: None declared, Bara Erhayiem: None declared, Graham Fent: None declared, Ananth Kidambi: None declared, Giuseppina Abignano: None declared, John Greenwood: None declared, John Biglands: None declared, Francesco Del Galdo: None declared, Sven Plein: None declared, Maya H Buch Grant/research support from: Pfizer, Roche, and UCB, Consultant of: Pfizer; AbbVie; Eli Lilly; Gilead Sciences, Inc.; Merck-Serono; Sandoz; and Sanofi
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Sivaprasad S, Raman R, Conroy D, Mohan, Wittenberg R, Rajalakshmi R, Majeed A, Krishnakumar S, Prevost T, Parameswaran S, Turowski P, Maheswari U, Khobragade R, Netuveli G, Sadanandan R, Greenwood J, Ramasamy K, Rao M, Bergeles C, Das T. The ORNATE India Project: United Kingdom-India Research Collaboration to tackle visual impairment due to diabetic retinopathy. Eye (Lond) 2020; 34:1279-1286. [PMID: 32398841 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-020-0854-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The ORNATE India project is funded by the UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) through the Global Challenges Research Fund. The aim is to build research capacity and capability in India and the UK to tackle global burden of diabetes-related visual impairment. As there are over 77 million people with diabetes in India, it is challenging to screen every person with diabetes annually for sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (DR). Therefore, alternate safe approaches need to be developed so that those at-risk of visual impairment due to DR is identified promptly and treated. METHODS The project team utilised diverse global health strategies and research methods to co-design work packages to build research capacity and capability to ensure effective, affordable and efficient DR services are made available for the population. The strategies and methods employed included health system strengthening; implementation science; establishing care pathways; co-designing collaborative studies on affordable technologies, developing quality standards and guidelines to decrease variations in care; economic analysis; risk modelling and stratification. Five integrated work packages have been developed to deal with all aspects of DR care. These included implementation of a DR screening programme in the public health system in a district in Kerala, evaluating regional prevalence of diabetes and DR and assessing ideal tests for holistic screening for diabetes and its complications in 20 areas in India, utilising artificial intelligence on retinal images to facilitate DR screening, exploring biomarker and biosensor research to detect people at risk of diabetes complications, estimating cost of blindness in India and risk modelling to develop risk-based screening models for diabetes and its complications. A large collaborative network will be formed to propagate research, promote shared learning and bilateral exchanges between high- and middle-income countries to tackle diabetes-related blindness.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sivaprasad
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - R Raman
- Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - D Conroy
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - Mohan
- Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | | | | | - A Majeed
- Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - S Krishnakumar
- Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | | | - S Parameswaran
- Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - P Turowski
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - K Ramasamy
- Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, India
| | - M Rao
- Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - T Das
- Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
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Greenwood J, Ferguson D, Buchanan E. Achieving a definition and mechanism of evaluation for spinal surgical conversion within the national back and radicular pain pathway. Physiotherapy 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2020.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Angus M, Dickens V, Greenwood J, Yasin N, Siddique I. The value of a consultant physiotherapist within a primary care musculoskeletal interface services: part of the spinal multi-disciplinary team. Physiotherapy 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2020.03.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Maznyczka A, McCartney P, Oldroyd KG, McEntegart M, Lindsay M, Eteiba H, Rocchiccioli P, Good R, Shaukat A, Kodoth V, Greenwood J, Robertson K, Cotton J, McConnachie A, Berry C. P2707Invasive coronary physiology during primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients treated with intracoronary alteplase or placebo: the double-blind T-TIME physiology substudy. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.1024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Impaired microcirculatory reperfusion worsens prognosis post-primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Intracoronary (IC) alteplase targets persisting thrombus post-reperfusion & distal embolisation. In the T-TIME trial microvascular obstruction on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) did not differ with IC alteplase vs placebo.
Purpose
To prospectively determine if index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) is lower & coronary flow reserve (CFR) or resistive reserve ratio (RRR) are higher (improved) with IC alteplase, & to provide mechanistic insights.
Methods
A pre-planned substudy of the main protocol. From 2016–2017, STEMI patients from 3 UK hospitals ≤6 hrs ischaemic time were randomised in a 1:1:1 dose-ranging, double-blind design. Following standard care reperfusion, alteplase (10 or 20mg) or placebo was infused over 5–10 mins proximal to the culprit lesion pre-stenting. IMR (primary outcome), CFR & RRR (secondary outcomes) were measured in the culprit artery post-PCI. Physiology results were obscured from clinicians acquiring the data, to maintain blinding. CMR was performed 2 days & 3 months post-STEMI. Subgroup analyses were prespecified including by ischaemic time (<2 hours, 2–4 hrs, >4 hrs) & IMR threshold >32.
Results
In 144 patients (mean age 59 yrs, 80% male), IMR, CFR or RRR post-PCI did not differ with alteplase vs placebo (Table). Patients with ischaemic time <2 hrs had a dose related increase in CFR (placebo 1.2 [IQR 1.1–1.7], alteplase 10mg 1.4 [IQR 1.0–1.8], alteplase 20mg 2.0 [IQR 1.8–2.3] p=0.01 for interaction) & RRR (placebo 1.5 [IQR 1.3–1.9], alteplase 10mg 1.6 [1.1–2.2], alteplase 20mg 2.2 [2.0–2.6], p=0.03 for interaction). In subjects with post-PCI IMR>32, % ST-resolution at 60 mins was worse with alteplase 10mg vs placebo (23.1±53.9 vs 50.9±31.5) & in those with IMR≤32% ST-resolution at 60 mins was better with alteplase 20mg vs placebo (68.0±30.7 vs 39.1±43.2), p=0.002 for interaction. The CMR findings in the substudy & overall trial populations were consistent.
Main results Placebo Alteplase 10mg Alteplase 20mg (n=53) (n=41) (n=50) IMR, median (IQR) 33.0 (17.0–57.0) 22.0 (17.0–42.0) 37.0 (20.0–57.8) p=0.15 p=0.78 CFR, median (IQR) 1.3 (1.1–1.8) 1.4 (1.1–1.9) 1.5 (1.1–2.0) p=0.92 p=0.74 RRR, median (IQR) 1.6 (1.3–2.2) 1.6 (1.4–2.6) 1.8 (1.3–2.4) p=0.69 p=0.81 P-values for comparison of alteplase with placebo.
Conclusions
In acute STEMI with ischaemic time ≤6 hrs, IMR, CFR or RRR post-PCI did not differ with alteplase vs placebo. In those with shorter ischaemic times (<2 hrs) CFR & RRR, but not IMR, were improved with alteplase. We observed interactions between alteplase dose, ischaemic time & mechanisms of effect.
Acknowledgement/Funding
Dr Maznyczka is funded by a fellowship from the British Heart Foundation (FS/16/74/32573). T-TIME was funded by grant 12/170/4 from NIHR-EME
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Affiliation(s)
- A Maznyczka
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - P McCartney
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - K G Oldroyd
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - M McEntegart
- Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - M Lindsay
- Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - H Eteiba
- Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - P Rocchiccioli
- Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - R Good
- Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - A Shaukat
- Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - V Kodoth
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - J Greenwood
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - K Robertson
- Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - J Cotton
- New Cross Hospital, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - C Berry
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Yioe V, Frost F, Heaton J, Walshaw M, Nazareth D, Wat D, Greenwood J, Ledson M. P417 Exploring medication adherence at a large adult cystic fibrosis centre. J Cyst Fibros 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(19)30709-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Penfold R, Frost F, Nazareth D, Walshaw M, Wat D, Greenwood J, Ledson M. P130 Does ivacaftor influence antibiotic resistance in people with cystic fibrosis? J Cyst Fibros 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(19)30424-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Trabattoni A, Galli M, Lara-Astiaso M, Palacios A, Greenwood J, Tavernelli I, Decleva P, Nisoli M, Martín F, Calegari F. Charge migration in photo-ionized aromatic amino acids. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2019; 377:20170472. [PMID: 30929627 PMCID: PMC6452047 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2017.0472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Attosecond pump-probe spectroscopy is a unique tool for the direct observation of the light-activated electronic motion in molecules and it offers the possibility to capture the first instants of a chemical reaction. Recently, advances in attosecond technology allowed the charge migration processes to be revealed in biochemically relevant molecules. Although this purely electronic process might be key for a future chemistry at the electron time scale, the influence of this ultrafast charge flow on the reactivity of a molecule is still debated. In this work, we exploit extreme ultraviolet attosecond pulses to activate charge migration in two aromatic amino acids, namely phenylalanine and tryptophan. Advanced numerical calculations are performed to interpret the experimental data and to discuss the effects of the nuclear dynamics on the activated quantum coherences. By comparing the experimental results obtained in the two molecules, we show that the presence of different functional groups strongly affects the fragmentation pathways, as well as the charge rearrangement. The observed charge dynamics indeed present peculiar aspects, including characteristic periodicities and decoherence times. Numerical results indicate that, even for a very large molecule such as tryptophan, the quantum coherences can survive the nuclear dynamics for several femtoseconds. These results open new and important perspectives for a deeper understanding of the photo-induced charge dynamics, as a promising tool to control the reactivity of bio-relevant molecules via photo-excitation. This article is part of the theme issue 'Measurement of ultrafast electronic and structural dynamics with X-rays'.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Trabattoni
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL), DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- e-mail:
| | - M. Galli
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, IFN-CNR, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - M. Lara-Astiaso
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Palacios
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Greenwood
- School of Maths and Physics, Queen's University, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
| | - I. Tavernelli
- IBM Research GmbH, Zurich Research Laboratory, 8803 Rueschlikon, Switzerland
| | - P. Decleva
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Universitá di Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - M. Nisoli
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, IFN-CNR, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - F. Martín
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - F. Calegari
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL), DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, IFN-CNR, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Department of Physics, Hamburg Universität, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
- e-mail:
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Williams E, John NA, Blackstone J, Brownlee W, Frost C, Greenwood J, Chataway J. TP1-11 MS-STAT2: a phase 3 trial of high dose simvastatin in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2019. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2019-abn.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
ObjectivesDisease modifying treatment for secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) represents a major unmet need. We outline here the rationale for the MS-STAT2 trial – a phase 3 study of simvastatin in decreasing clinical progression in SPMS. MS-STAT2 will be a landmark study not only for patients with SPMS, but also for the area of drug repurposing and academically led clinical trials as a whole.DesignMulticentre, double blind, parallel group randomised placebo-controlled trial. It follows the positive outcome from the phase 2 MS-STAT1 trial, which demonstrated a 43% reduction in the annualised rate of brain atrophy compared to placebo.1Subjects1180 patients with SPMS with an expanded disability status scale (EDSS) score of 4.0–6.5. Patients need to show evidence of disease progression over the preceding 2 years.MethodsSubject will be recruited at 28 sites across the UK, and randomised to simvastatin 80 mg or matched placebo and assessed every 6 months over the 3 year trial.ResultsThe primary outcome measure is time to 6 month confirmed disability progression, based on change in Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores compared to baseline. Secondary outcomes include assessments of cognition, walking, upper limb function and vision. Sub-studies will include advanced imaging outcomes, ocular coherence tomography and fluid biomarkers.ConclusionsMS-STAT2 is set to be a pivotal trial for SPMS. Recruitment has now commenced and further sites are welcome.ReferenceChataway J, et al. MS-STAT. Lancet2014;383:2213–21.
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Abstract
The Laryngeal Mask Airway is a reusable device for maintaining the patency of a patient's airway during general anaesthesia. The device can be reused after it has been cleaned and sterilized. Protein contamination of medical instruments is a concern and has been found to occur despite standard sterilization techniques. The reason for the concern relates to the possibility of the transmission of prions and the risk of developing a neurodegenerative disorder such as Creutzveldt-Jacob disease. The purpose of this study was to quantify the amount of protein contamination that occurs, and to relate this to the number of times the Laryngeal Mask Airway has been used. Fifty previously used Classic Laryngeal Masks were collected after routine sterilization and packaging. The devices were immersed in protein detecting stain and then visual inspection performed to assess the degree and distribution of the staining. The researcher was blinded to the number of times the Laryngeal Mask Airway had been used. Linear regression analysis of the degrees of staining of the airway revealed that protein contamination occurs after the first use of the device and this increases with each subsequent use. This finding highlights the concern that the currently used cleaning and sterilization methods do not prevent the accumulation of proteinaceous material on Laryngeal Mask Airways. Consideration should be given to the search for more efficient cleaning and sterilization techniques or the use of disposable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Greenwood
- Department of Anaesthetics, Southern Medical School University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
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Brockelsby C, Frost F, Griffiths P, Greenwood J, Walshaw M. P234 Transplant eligibility perceptions amongst a cystic fibrosis multidisciplinary team. J Cyst Fibros 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(18)30529-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sivabalah K, Frost F, Greenwood J, Walshaw M. P169 Improved clinical outcomes following Nissen fundoplication in cystic fibrosis patients: experience in a large adult CF centre. J Cyst Fibros 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(18)30464-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Wright L, Chatterley L, Walshaw M, Ledson M, Greenwood J, Nazareth D, O'brien S, Winstanley C, Fothergill J. EPS4.07 Interactions of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with other bacterial species in an artificial sputum model. J Cyst Fibros 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(18)30259-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Gamble J, Pearce M, Kopparapu P, Jang HS, Tanguay R, Greenwood J, Kolluri S. Abstract P3-06-04: Bcl-2 functional converters inhibit tumor growth and metastatic potential in zebrafish xenografts. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p3-06-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
While potential therapies might have pronounced success in the simplified settings in cell culture medium, many drugs fail or underperform when cancer cells are encased in a complex 3D microenvironment. Although, rat and mouse models will continue to be the gold standard for in vivo data in drug discovery, zebrafish xenograft models have emerged as a powerful model that can quickly and efficiently deliver in vivo drug efficacy data before commitment to expensive and time consuming rodent models. We have discovered several compounds that work as B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) functional converters and activate Bcl-2 into a killer instead of its native anti-apoptotic role. In this study, we use a zebrafish xenograft model to evaluate the ability of these compounds to inhibit xenograft tumor growth of Bcl-2 expressing cancer cells, including triple negative breast cancers. Live fluorescent imaging of cancer cells within zebrafish embryos revealed a decrease in cancer cell growth while under treatment of compounds. Furthermore, the agents that converted Bcl-2 into pro-apoptotic protein also inhibited the metastatic potential of the cancer cells. Therefore, this study demonstrates zebrafish xenograft techniques that can be used to quickly and efficiently obtain in vivo drug discovery data. Moreover, we report novel Bcl-2 functional converter compounds that can effectively reduce xenograft tumor growth and its ability to invade tissue in a living 3D environment and establish the role of Bcl-2 in cancer progression.
Citation Format: Gamble J, Pearce M, Kopparapu P, Jang HS, Tanguay R, Greenwood J, Kolluri S. Bcl-2 functional converters inhibit tumor growth and metastatic potential in zebrafish xenografts [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-06-04.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gamble
- Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - M Pearce
- Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | | | - HS Jang
- Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - R Tanguay
- Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | | | - S Kolluri
- Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
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Frost F, Dyce P, Nazareth D, Malone V, Tidsbury N, Browning N, Ledson M, Greenwood J, Walshaw M, Jones G. EPS3.2 Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (DPP4) levels in cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(17)30293-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Frost F, Trafford R, Greenwood J, Ledson M, Nazareth D, Walshaw M. EPS6.5 Detecting changes in health in cystic fibrosis – a role for smartphones? J Cyst Fibros 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(17)30326-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Frost F, Sapina-Vivo R, Nazareth D, Greenwood J, Ledson M, Walshaw M. 187 Long-term continuous inhaled aztreonam (Cayston) BD. J Cyst Fibros 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(17)30551-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Frost F, Fothergill J, Shaw M, Ledson M, Greenwood J, Winstanley C, Walshaw M. 135 Is CF related diabetes associated with increased prevalence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia? J Cyst Fibros 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(17)30499-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Frost F, Jones G, Ledson M, Nazareth D, Walshaw M, Greenwood J. EPS3.8 Non-invasive liver tests in cystic fibrosis-related liver disease (CFLD). J Cyst Fibros 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(17)30299-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Criquet A, Mai E, Saucourt C, Vogt S, Giganti P, Baron S, Roncalli J, Lairez O, Lagente C, Lebrin M, Ioannides K, Manrique A, Saloux E, Leroux L, Goin V, Roubille F, Lefèvre T, Hovasse T, Vanzetto G, Derenne S, Tertrais K, Newby D, Cruden N, Mills N, Greenwood J, Wheatcroft S, Dickinson A, Black A, Henon P. Challenges between clinical sites and cell therapy facilities in the excellent trial (expanded cell endocardiac transplantation), a phase I/IIb clinical trial. Cytotherapy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Brockbank L, Hilal E, Holemans J, Greenwood J, Walshaw M, Mohan K. P164 Changing patterns of the use of lung biopsy in interstitial lung disease. Thorax 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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31
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Sepetis A, O'Connor M, Dowsett L, Hoeh A, Gourlaouen M, Moss S, Greenwood J. The role of LRG1 in vessel normalization. Acta Ophthalmol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2016.0645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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32
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Greenwood J. The pathogenic role of LRG1 in ocular neovascularisation: From discovery to targeted therapy. Acta Ophthalmol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2016.0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hoyle ND, Stewart NJ, Wilson D, Baschant M, Merz H, Sikorski S, Greenwood J, Small GD. Development of a Low Toxicity PMR-type Polyimide for Advanced Composite Applications. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095400838900100403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The thermosetting polyimide, PMR-15, is the leading contender for use in polymer matrix composites intended for high temperature applications. Although the properties of PMR-15 are generally good, its widespread use in aircraft and aeroengines has been hampered by a number of drawbacks. Among these are microcracking due to thermal cycling, irreproducibility of processing and the toxicity of the methylene diamine comonomer. The aim of the work reported here was to develop a PMR-type polyimide with properties equivalent to conventional PMR-15 but with none of the drawbacks. A key target of the work was to reduce the hazards associated with the use of methylene dianiline (MDA). Consequently, much of the work involved screening formulations in which MDA was replaced by a diamine of reduced toxicity. One formulation, coded B1, has been identified of which initial results look extremely promising. This formulation uses a partially fluorinated, four-ring diamine of low toxicity. This material was synthesized in-house and subsequently scaled-up in a semi-commercial process. Prepreg was manufactured on commercial equipment. Cure cycles were developed using mechanical spectrometry (RDS). Laminates were made by autoclave molding, and mechanical properties before and after high temperature ageing were determined. Preliminary results show that the B1 formulation compares favorably with conventional PMR-15.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - D. Wilson
- BP Chemicals (Hitco) Inc., Santa Ana, CA, USA
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Morris A, Hilton N, Greenwood J, Ledson M, Walshaw M. ePS04.7 A survey of activity levels and sedentary time in adult CF patients. J Cyst Fibros 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(16)30220-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Fent G, Garg P, Dobson L, Musa TA, Foley J, Greenwood J, Plein S, Swoboda P. 9 Global longitudinal strain using feature tracking identifies the presence of chronic myocardial infarction in patients with normal LV ejection fraction. Heart 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2016-309668.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Fent G, Garg P, Dobson L, Musa TA, Foley J, Swoboda P, Greenwood J, Plein S. 10 Quantitative myocardial perfusion and longitudinal strain by feature tracking in newly diagnosed, treatment naïve rheumatoid arthritis. Heart 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2016-309668.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Marlow JE, Delisle K, Ajab S, Ledson M, Greenwood J, Walshaw M. P229 Use of Inhaled Antibiotics in CF Burkholderia spp Chronic Infection: Abstract P229 Table 1. Thorax 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207770.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Erhayiem B, McDiarmid A, Swoboda P, Kidambi A, Ripley D, Musa T, Dobson L, Garg P, Horton S, Dumitru R, Andrews J, Greenwood J, Emery P, Plein S, Buch M. OP0163 Treatment-Naïve, Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Demonstrate Vascular and Myocardial Abnormalities on Cardiac MRI. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.5279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Muggeridge N, Lloyd E, Walshaw M, Greenwood J. 169 The use of Airvo™ high flow humidification with cystic fibrosis patients – development of the service. J Cyst Fibros 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(15)30346-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hilton N, Morris A, Walshaw M, Greenwood J, Ledson M. WS21.5 The use of serum creatinine to estimate skeletal muscle mass in cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(15)30125-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Barber K, Jones G, Ledson M, Greenwood J, Walshaw M. ePS02.6 Rising prevalence of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in CF – an unforeseen result of climate change? J Cyst Fibros 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(15)30143-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Jones G, Dyce P, Tidbury N, Greenwood J, Ledson M, Walshaw M. WS04.1 Hypersecretion of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) in cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(15)30021-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Jones G, Dyce P, Tidbury N, Greenwood J, Ledson M, Walshaw M. 181 Loss of the incretin effect in cystic fibrosis related diabetes (CFRD). J Cyst Fibros 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(15)30358-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Frost F, Jones G, Greenwood J, Ledson M, Walshaw M. P78 Can Pet Standard Uptake Variable (suv) Predict Disease Progression In Early-stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (nsclc)? Thorax 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206260.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Greenwood J, Broadbent J, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz M. Restrained eaters consume more food only if they are impulsive and male. Eat Behav 2014; 15:582-5. [PMID: 25218355 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2014.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study utilised the preload paradigm to evaluate whether dietary restraint, impulsivity, or their interaction significantly predicts heightened food consumption among male and/or female participants. Following a high calorie preload, 79 participants aged 18 to 40 (53 females and 26 males) completed a deceptive taste test and questionnaires measuring restraint and impulsivity levels. A series of hierarchical regressions were run, controlling for self-rated hunger levels. A significant negative association between level of restraint and food consumption post-preload was found for males, but this relationship was not significant for female participants. The hypothesis that impulsivity would directly predict heightened food consumption was not supported for either gender. However, impulsivity was found to significantly moderate the relationship between restraint and food intake in the male sample, but not the female, providing partial support for this hypothesis. Potential reasons for this gender-specific interaction effect of impulsivity and restraint for food consumption are discussed. More broadly, present findings highlight the need for further consideration of the role of impulsivity in undermining food intake of restrained eaters. Future research should also consider how preload effects may differ across gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Greenwood
- Deakin University, School of Psychology, Australia
| | - J Broadbent
- Deakin University, School of Psychology, Australia.
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Frost F, Jones G, Lloyd E, Hunt N, Greenwood J, Ledson M, Walshaw M. 277 Can imprisonment be good for patients with CF? J Cyst Fibros 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(14)60412-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Hunt N, Jones G, Phitidis E, Murthy M, Greenwood J, Ledson M, Walshaw M. 295 CF patients diagnosed in adulthood: spectrum of referral source. J Cyst Fibros 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(14)60430-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Phitidis M, Murthy M, Hunt N, Jones G, Fox J, Ledson M, Greenwood J, Walshaw M. 168 Cystic fibrosis: an ageing condition. J Cyst Fibros 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(14)60304-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Fox J, Jones G, Sapina-Vivo R, Phitidis E, Ledson M, Walshaw M, Greenwood J. WS10.3 Adherence with ivacaftor in cystic fibrosis patients with the G551D mutation. J Cyst Fibros 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(14)60066-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Hunt N, Phitidis E, Murthy M, Jones G, Greenwood J, Ledson M, Walshaw M. 296 Adult CF diagnosis – missed childhood opportunities or forme fruste disease? J Cyst Fibros 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(14)60431-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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