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Natu K, Dutta S, Bose K. cFLIP - An interacting partner and a novel substrate for pro-apoptotic serine protease HtrA2. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 38:101682. [PMID: 38511187 PMCID: PMC10950699 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background HtrA2, a pro-apoptotic protease, plays a crucial role in apoptosis by cleaving inhibitory and anti-apoptotic proteins by translocating from mitochondria to the cytosol. Prior studies in ischemic cells have indicated that cytosolic HtrA2 triggers cFLIP degradation, plausibly through direct interaction. In this study, we have characterized the cFLIP protein, validated its interaction with HtrA2, and demonstrated that cFLIP is also a substrate of HtrA2. Methods We have identified the probable cleavage sites of cFLIP through gel-based assays and mass spectrometric analysis of the cleaved fragments. Results Our findings shed light on a key protein-protein interaction involving pro-apoptotic HtrA2, confirming cFLIP as its interacting partner and substrate. Conclusion Understanding the nuances of HtrA2's interaction with cFLIP (a decoy protein of the initiator procaspase-8 in the extrinsic apoptotic pathway) and deciphering the cFLIP's mode of cleavage, would provide an excellent alternative to modulate the pathway for therapeutic benefits toward diseases like ischemia and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Natu
- Integrated Biophysics and Structural Biology Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, 410210, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Shubhankar Dutta
- Integrated Biophysics and Structural Biology Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, 410210, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Kakoli Bose
- Integrated Biophysics and Structural Biology Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, 410210, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Mumbai, 400094, India
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McColl-Carboni A, Dollive S, Laughlin S, Lushi R, MacArthur M, Zhou S, Gagnon J, Smith CA, Burnham B, Horton R, Lata D, Uga B, Natu K, Michel E, Slater C, DaSilva E, Bruccoleri R, Kelly T, McGivney JB. Analytical characterization of full, intermediate, and empty AAV capsids. Gene Ther 2024:10.1038/s41434-024-00444-2. [PMID: 38374348 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-024-00444-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Manufacturing of recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors produces three types of capsids: full, intermediate, and empty. While there are different opinions about the impact of intermediate and empty capsids on safety and efficacy of AAV products, they are generally considered impurities because they are not the intended fully intact vector product. The presence of these impurities could impact product efficacy due to potential competition with fully packaged AAVs for cellular transduction, as well as have potential implications to patient safety due to increased capsid load during dosing. To determine the impact of intermediate capsids on potency, an AAV preparation was separated into fractions enriched for full, intermediate, or empty capsids. Using a matrix of in vitro (infectivity, gene expression, biological activity) and in vivo potency assays to determine potency as a function of capsid content, our results indicate that while intermediate capsids contribute to the vector genome titer of the product and are equally as infectious as full capsids, they do not contribute to the potency of the AAV product. This study confirms the criticality of reducing and controlling the level of intermediate capsids to ensure a more efficacious AAV product.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Serena Dollive
- Oxford Biomedica (US) LLC, 1 Patriots Park, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
| | - Sarah Laughlin
- Oxford Biomedica (US) LLC, 1 Patriots Park, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
| | - Rudenc Lushi
- Oxford Biomedica (US) LLC, 1 Patriots Park, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
| | | | - Shanshan Zhou
- Oxford Biomedica (US) LLC, 1 Patriots Park, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
| | - Jeffrey Gagnon
- Oxford Biomedica (US) LLC, 1 Patriots Park, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
| | | | - Brenda Burnham
- Oxford Biomedica (US) LLC, 1 Patriots Park, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
| | - Robert Horton
- Oxford Biomedica (US) LLC, 1 Patriots Park, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
| | - Dimpal Lata
- Oxford Biomedica (US) LLC, 1 Patriots Park, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
| | - Brianna Uga
- Oxford Biomedica (US) LLC, 1 Patriots Park, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
| | - Kalyani Natu
- Oxford Biomedica (US) LLC, 1 Patriots Park, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
| | - Emmanuela Michel
- Oxford Biomedica (US) LLC, 1 Patriots Park, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
| | - Celia Slater
- Oxford Biomedica (US) LLC, 1 Patriots Park, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
| | - Evan DaSilva
- Oxford Biomedica (US) LLC, 1 Patriots Park, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
| | | | - Tim Kelly
- Oxford Biomedica (US) LLC, 1 Patriots Park, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
| | - James B McGivney
- Oxford Biomedica (US) LLC, 1 Patriots Park, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA.
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