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Ameti A, Chouchane K, Fontana E, Papadakis GE. [Endocrinology: what's new in 2023]. Rev Med Suisse 2024; 20:36-41. [PMID: 38231097 DOI: 10.53738/revmed.2024.20.856-7.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
This overview provides a selection of studies published in 2023 with an impact on clinical practice. In reproductive endocrinology, important studies have addressed fertility preservation in men with Klinefelter's syndrome, the cardiovascular safety of testosterone replacement therapy, and a novel therapy, fezolinetant, for vasomotor symptoms of menopause. The updated European recommendations concerning adrenal incidentalomas will considerably modify current clinical practice. Based on a solid epidemiological work, the prevalence of pituitary adenomas has been confirmed to affect about 1 per 1000 individuals. Finally, a large British study allows to refine the benefit-risk profile of the three options available for the treatment of hyperthyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelina Ameti
- Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et métabolisme, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
| | - Karim Chouchane
- Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et métabolisme, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
| | - Enzo Fontana
- Service de diabétologie-endocrinologie, HFR Fribourg, Hôpital cantonal, 1752 Villars-sur-Glâne
| | - Georgios E Papadakis
- Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et métabolisme, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
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Chouchane K, Di Zenzo G, Pitocco D, Calabrese L, De Simone C. Bullous pemphigoid in diabetic patients treated by gliptins: the other side of the coin. J Transl Med 2021; 19:520. [PMID: 34930319 PMCID: PMC8691092 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03192-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is the most common autoimmune bullous skin disease that affects primarily patients older than 60 years. The majority of BP cases are spontaneous, but BP can also be triggered by certain drugs’ exposures. Since 2011, a growing number of observations has been reporting cases of BP in Type 2 diabetic patients. These forms have been linked to the use of a new category of anti-diabetic drugs called dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors (DPP-4i) or gliptins, but to date, the exact pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this association are not completely elucidated. Although conventional and gliptin-associated BP are thought to share similar clinical and histopathological features, our thorough review of the most recent literature, shows that these 2 forms are quite distinct: DPP-4-i-associated BP seems to appear at an earlier age than spontaneous BP, it may manifest either as a noninflammatory or inflammatory phenotype, while the conventional form presents with a typical inflammatory phenotype. Additionally, an important distinctive histological feature was recently shown in Gliptin-associated BP: these forms may present a less significant eosinophils infiltrate in the upper dermis of peri-blister lesions compared to the skin of patients with spontaneous BP, and this seems a specific feature of the clinically non-inflammatory forms. In accordance with previous literature, we found that the direct immunofluorescence (DIF) gives identical findings in both DPP-4i-associated and conventional forms of BP which is an IgG and complement C3 deposition as a linear band at the dermal–epidermal junction in perilesional skin. Indirect immunofluorescence shows the presence of IgG circulating autoantibodies in the patient's serum which titer does not differ between spontaneous and DPP-4i-associated BP, while the specificity of these autoantibodies, may be different in spontaneous, induced non-inflammatory and induced inflammatory forms, epitope spreading phenomenon seems to play a role in determining these specificities. Further research, based on integrated epidemiological, clinical, histo-immunological and pharmacogenomic approaches, may give more insight into these forms of BP. This combined approach will allow to better define BP endotypes and to unveil the mechanism of spontaneous or drug-induced breakage of the immunotolerance to skin self-antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Chouchane
- Whittington Health NHS Trust, Magdala Ave, London, N19 5NF, UK.
| | - Giovanni Di Zenzo
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata (IDI) IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Pitocco
- Diabetes Care Unit, Endocrinology, University Hospital "A. Gemelli", Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Calabrese
- Institute of Dermatology, University Hospital "A. Gemelli", Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.,Department of Dermatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Clara De Simone
- Institute of Dermatology, University Hospital "A. Gemelli", Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy. .,Department of Dermatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
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D'Amario D, Cappetta D, Cappannoli L, Princi G, Migliaro S, Diana G, Chouchane K, Borovac JA, Restivo A, Arcudi A, De Angelis A, Vergallo R, Montone RA, Galli M, Liuzzo G, Crea F. Colchicine in ischemic heart disease: the good, the bad and the ugly. Clin Res Cardiol 2021; 110:1531-1542. [PMID: 33713178 PMCID: PMC8484100 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-021-01828-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is the main pathophysiological process involved in atherosclerotic plaque formation, progression, instability, and healing during the evolution of coronary artery disease (CAD). The use of colchicine, a drug used for decades in non-ischemic cardiovascular (CV) diseases and/or systemic inflammatory conditions, stimulated new perspectives on its potential application in patients with CAD. Previous mechanistic and preclinical studies revealed anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of colchicine exerted through its principal mechanism of microtubule polymerization inhibition, however, other pleiotropic effects beneficial to the CV system were observed such as inhibition of platelet aggregation and suppression of endothelial proliferation. In randomized double-blinded clinical trials informing our clinical practice, low doses of colchicine were associated with the significant reduction of cardiovascular events in patients with stable CAD and chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) while in patients with a recent acute coronary syndrome (ACS), early initiation of colchicine treatment significantly reduced major adverse CV events (MACE). On the other hand, the safety profile of colchicine and its potential causal relationship to the observed increase in non-CV deaths warrants further investigation. For these reasons, postulates of precision medicine and patient-tailored approach with regards to benefits and harms of colchicine treatment should be employed at all times due to potential toxicity of colchicine as well as the currently unresolved signal of harm concerning non-CV mortality. The main goal of this review is to provide a balanced, critical, and comprehensive evaluation of currently available evidence with respect to colchicine use in the setting of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico D'Amario
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Cardiovascolari E Toraciche, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A.Gemelli 8, Rome, 00168, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, 00168, Italy
| | - Donato Cappetta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Giovanni Diana
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, 00168, Italy
| | | | - Josip A Borovac
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, 21000, Croatia
| | | | | | - Antonella De Angelis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | - Rocco Vergallo
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Cardiovascolari E Toraciche, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A.Gemelli 8, Rome, 00168, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, 00168, Italy
| | - Rocco A Montone
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Cardiovascolari E Toraciche, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A.Gemelli 8, Rome, 00168, Italy
| | - Mattia Galli
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, 00168, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Giovanna Liuzzo
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Cardiovascolari E Toraciche, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A.Gemelli 8, Rome, 00168, Italy.
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, 00168, Italy.
| | - Filippo Crea
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Cardiovascolari E Toraciche, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A.Gemelli 8, Rome, 00168, Italy.
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, 00168, Italy.
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Chouchane K, Pignot-Paintrand I, Bruckert F, Weidenhaupt M. Visible light-induced insulin aggregation on surfaces via photoexcitation of bound thioflavin T. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Shan J, Al-Rumaihi K, Chouchane K, Al-Bozom I, Rabah D, Farhat K, Chouchane L. Prostate cancer small non-coding RNA transcriptome in Arabs. J Transl Med 2017; 15:260. [PMID: 29268752 PMCID: PMC5740966 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1362-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is a complex disorder resulting from the combined effects of multiple environmental and genetic factors. Small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs), particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), regulate several cellular processes and have an important role in many human malignancies including PCa. We assessed the sRNA profiles associated with PCa in Arabs, a population that has rarely been studied. METHODS We used next generation sequencing technology to obtain the entire sRNA transcriptome of primary prostate tumor formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues, and their paired non-tumor tissues, collected from Bedouin patients (Qatari and Saudi). The miRNA and the target gene expression were evaluated by real-time quantitative PCR. miRNA KEGG pathway and miRNA target genes were subsequently analyzed by starBase and TargetScan software. RESULTS Different expression patterns of several sRNA and miRNA editing were revealed between PCa tumor and their paired non-tumor tissues. Our study identified four miRNAs that are strongly associated with prostate cancer, which have not been reported previously. Differentially expressed miRNAs significantly affect various biological pathways, such as cell cycle, endocytosis, adherence junction and pathways involved in cancer. Prediction of potential targets for the identified miRNAs indicates the overexpression of KRAS, BCL2 and down-regulation of PTEN in PCa tumor tissues. CONCLUSION These miRNAs, newly associated with prostate cancer, may represent not only markers for the increased risk of PCa in Arabs, but may also reflect the clinical and pathological diversity as well as the ethno-specific heterogeneity of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Shan
- Laboratory of Genetic Medicine and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Karim Chouchane
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Issam Al-Bozom
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Danny Rabah
- Department of Surgery, Cancer Research Chair, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karim Farhat
- Department of Surgery, Cancer Research Chair, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lotfi Chouchane
- Laboratory of Genetic Medicine and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
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Chouchane K, Vendrely C, Amari M, Moreaux K, Bruckert F, Weidenhaupt M. Dual Effect of (LK)nL Peptides on the Onset of Insulin Amyloid Fiber Formation at Hydrophobic Surfaces. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:10543-53. [PMID: 26234630 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b07365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Soluble proteins are constantly in contact with material or cellular surfaces, which can trigger their aggregation and therefore have a serious impact on the development of stable therapeutic proteins. In contact with hydrophobic material surfaces, human insulin aggregates readily into amyloid fibers. The kinetics of this aggregation can be accelerated by small peptides, forming stable beta-sheets on hydrophobic surfaces. Using a series of (LK)nL peptides with varying length, we show that these peptides, at low, substoichiometric concentrations, have a positive, cooperative effect on insulin aggregation. This effect is based on a cooperative adsorption of (LK)nL peptides at hydrophobic surfaces, where they form complexes that help the formation of aggregation nuclei. At higher concentrations, they interfere with the formation of an aggregative nucleus. These effects are strictly dependent on the their adsorption on hydrophobic material surfaces and highlight the importance of the impact of materials on protein stability. (LK)nL peptides prove to be valuable tools to investigate the mechanism of HI aggregation nuclei formation on hydrophobic surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charlotte Vendrely
- ‡Cergy Pontoise University, ERRMECe, I-MAT FD4122, F-95302 Cergy Pontoise, France
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