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de Oliveira PR, Scopinho Furquim KC, Bechara GH, Camargo-Mathias MI. Morpho-histochemical characterization of the salivary glands of semi-engorged Amblyomma triste (Koch, 1844) (Acari: Ixodidae) female ticks. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2015; 3:92-99. [PMID: 30023188 PMCID: PMC6014189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmau.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study presents the morphological and physiological characterization of the salivary glands of semi-engorged Amblyomma triste females. Unfed individuals were placed on New Zealand White rabbits for feeding and the females, after 4 days, were collected, dissected and the salivary glands were submitted to the application of histological (hematoxylin–eosin technique) and histochemical tests for the detection of protein (bromophenol blue technique, polysaccharides (periodic acid–Schiff technique), lipid (Nile blue technique) and calcium (von Kossa technique). The histological results show that the glandular tissue is composed by a system of ducts and three types of acini (I, II and III). The acini I are formed by a large central cell surrounded by several smaller agranular peripheral cells. Acini II are formed by cells a, c1, c2, c3 and c5, which are full of secretion granules. Acini III are constituted by cells d, e and f; the former two contain secretion granules, the latter is agranular. The glandular histochemical composition was also verified. Data obtained here will certainly help in the understanding of the cellular morphology and of the general physiology of these organs in this specie, providing important information for the creation of scientific bases which will contribute for the development of more specific and efficient methods of control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gervásio Henrique Bechara
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Castellane, s/n, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
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Christina Scopinho Furquim K. Morphological Plasticity of Ticks’ Salivary Glands and the Meaning of Hematophagy in Hosts Immunized with Glandular Extract of Females Fed for 4 Days. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.11648/j.avs.20140206.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Bozzatto V, Oliveira PRD, Furquim KCS, Camargo-Mathias MI. The occurrence of autophagic cell death in the tegument of rabbits pre-infested with Rhipicephalus sanguineus and exposed to selamectin (active principle of acaricide Pfizer Revolution®). Microsc Res Tech 2013; 76:1171-6. [PMID: 23983162 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 07/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Ticks of Rhipicephalus sanguineus species have great medical and veterinary importance for being a vector of various diseases. In an attempt to minimize their action on the host, people have resorted to chemical control by using various acaricides, such as selamectin. Although previous studies have demonstrated its toxic action in domestic animals, no studies focused on the detection of cell death when exposed to selamectin. For this reason, the technique for detecting autophagic cell death was used in order to demonstrate the responses of rabbits' skin tissues pre-infested with R. sanguineus and exposed to different concentrations of selamectin. The obtained results when exposed to 100 and 80% concentrations of selamectin showed a strong mark of acid phosphatase on the cells of the connective tissue of the dermis and hair follicles, whereas the ones exposed to the 50% concentration had a weak mark on the cells of the connective tissue of the dermis and moderate staining in hair follicles. It became clear that, when used at high concentrations (100 and 80%), selamectin is capable to induce a large scale occurrence of the autophagic cell death process. On the other hand, the concentration of 50% causes minor morphophysiological changes in the skin of rabbit hosts when evaluated the cell death process. Therefore, the data confirms that selamectin is a powerful dose-dependent toxic agent causes increased activity of the enzyme acid phosphatase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlamir Bozzatto
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Avenida 24A, 1515, Bela Vista, CEP 13506-900, CP 199, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
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Roma GC, Mathias MIC, De Faria AU, De Oliveira PR, Furquim KCS, Bechara GH. Morphological and cytochemical changes in synganglion ofRhipicephalus sanguineus(Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae) female ticks from exposure of andiroba oil (Carapa guianensis). Microsc Res Tech 2013; 76:687-96. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gislaine Cristina Roma
- Departamento de Biologia; Instituto de Biociências, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista; São Paulo; Brazil
| | | | - Adriano Uemura De Faria
- Departamento de Biologia; Instituto de Biociências, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista; São Paulo; Brazil
| | - Patrícia Rosa De Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia; Instituto de Biociências, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista; São Paulo; Brazil
| | | | - Gervásio Henrique Bechara
- Departamento de Biologia; Instituto de Biociências, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista; São Paulo; Brazil
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Sampieri BR, Arnosti A, Furquim KCS, Chierice GO, Bechara GH, de Carvalho PLPF, Nunes PH, Camargo-Mathias MI. Effect of ricinoleic acid esters from castor oil (Ricinus communis) on the oocyte yolk components of the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae). Vet Parasitol 2013; 191:315-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Revised: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Vendramini MCR, Mathias MIC, De Faria AU, Furquim KCS, De Souza LP, Bechara GH, Roma GC. Action of andiroba oil (Carapa guianensis) on Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae) semi-engorged females: morphophysiological evaluation of reproductive system. Microsc Res Tech 2012; 75:1745-54. [PMID: 22972770 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Because of the increasing medical-veterinary importance of ticks, the development of alternative control methods, less aggressive to the host and the environment has become the target of several researches. In this sense, the present study analyzed the action of different concentrations (5, 10, and 20%) of andiroba seed oil (Carapa guianensis) on the reproductive system of Rhipicephalus sanguineus females, through histochemical techniques and the quantification of the reproductive efficiency index. The results showed that andiroba oil is a potent natural agent, able to cause several changes in the oocytes of this species, impairing the reproductive success, once this natural product induces great physiological changes in the oocytes in all development stages, such as drastic reduction in proteins, polysaccharides, and lipids in these cells, and these components are essential for the viability of the embryo. In addition, it was observed that this product stimulate the oviposition, mainly at the concentration of 20%. This higher production of eggs represents a defense mechanism developed by the organism in order to ensure the reproductive success of the species, even in the presence of the toxic agent. However, the results obtained suggested that the laid eggs would not be viable, due to the great changes undergone by the oocytes. Thus, the present study showed that the use of this vegetal product would be an alternative way to control the ticks, bringing benefits similar to the ones obtained through the use of synthetic acaricides; however, with less damage to nontarget organisms and the environment as well.
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Hebling LMGF, Furquim KCS, Bechara GH, Camargo-Mathias MI. Inoculation of salivary gland extracts obtained from female of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari, Ixodidae) with 2, 4, and 6 days of feeding in rabbit: I--histopathology of the feeding lesion. Parasitol Res 2012; 112:577-84. [PMID: 23229316 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-012-3169-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study analyzed the histopathology of rabbit skin, previously immunized with SGE2, SGE4, and SGE6 gland extracts prepared from salivary glands of Rhipicephalus sanguineus female with 2, 4, and 6 days of feeding, at the region of the R. sanguineus female feeding lesion 2, 4, and 6 days after tick attachment. In this work, infestation-naïve New Zealand White rabbits were inoculated either with the extracts (test group (TG)) or with phosphate buffer and complete Freund's adjuvant mixture (control group 2 (CG2)). Each extract-inoculated- (TG and CG2) and non-inoculated (CG1) rabbit was subsequently infested with R. sanguineus. Skin biopsies were collected from the rabbit at the tick feeding lesion at 2, 4, and 6 days of feeding. Results revealed that rabbit immunization with gland extracts induced acquisition of resistance against this species. It should be stated that the SGE4 extract was the most effective in developing an immune-inflammatory response against ectoparasites, being this process characterized by the presence of an early and intense inflammatory cell infiltrate. On the other hand, SGE6 extract caused a later appearance of resistance with less infiltrate occurrence and intense edema at the feeding lesion site. As to the inflammatory process deriving from SGE2 extract inoculation, it was the less intense. It was concluded that immunization with different extracts from R. sanguineus female salivary glands did not change microscope features of the inflammatory process, although an earlier or more intense and later response, which was also dependent on the inoculate extract, was noticed.
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Nodari EF, Roma GC, Furquim KCS, Bechara GH, Camargo-Mathias MI. Action of permethrin on Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae) semi-engorged females: morpho-physiological evaluation of salivary glands. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2012; 3:219-26. [PMID: 22749738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2012.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Revised: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Currently the most effective method of tick control is the use of acaricides, among which stands out permethrin (active ingredient of acaricide Advantage(®) Max3, Bayer), a neurotoxic pyrethroid. However, assessments of their effects on other tick systems such as glandular are still scarce. Thus, this study provides information, through histochemical techniques, about the toxic effect of this pyrethroid on the morphophysiology of salivary glands of semi-engorged Rhipicephalus sanguineus females exposed to different concentrations of permethrin (206, 1031, and 2062 ppm). The results showed that permethrin caused significant changes in the salivary gland metabolism accelerating the process of glandular degeneration, an event which would occur naturally and with great intensity only in the final engorgement stage. Furthermore, this study pointed out that permethrin reduces the salivary gland secretion ability through a drastic reduction of proteins, lipids, and polysaccharides in acinar cells. These changes impair the females to finalize the feeding process, what indirectly affects the reproductive process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elen Fernanda Nodari
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, UNESP, Avenida 24 A, 1515, CP 199, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
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Sampieri BR, Arnosti A, Nunes PH, Furquim KCS, Chierice GO, Mathias MIC. Ultrastructural changes in the ovary cells of engorged Rhipicephalus sanguineus female ticks treated with esters of ricinoleic acid from castor oil (Ricinus communis). Microsc Res Tech 2012; 75:683-90. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.21112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 10/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Roma GC, de Souza LP, Brienza PD, Furquim KCS, Bechara GH, Camargo-Mathias MI. Ecdysteroid levels changed by permethrin action in female Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae) ticks. Exp Parasitol 2012; 131:153-6. [PMID: 22483974 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2012.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Revised: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As recent studies have shown that ecdysteroids may play a major role in the regulation of vitellogenesis in Ixodidae, the present study quantified, by means of a radioimmunoassay, the levels of ecdysteroids present in the hemolymph of semi-engorged females of Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks obtained from control females (exposed to distilled water) and those exposed to increasing concentrations of permethrin. The levels of ecdysteroids decreased significantly as the concentration of permethrin increased, suggesting that this compound could be an inhibitor of ecdysteroids secretion, and consequently interfering with the reproductive ability of these ticks, since this hormone is responsible for the synthesis and incorporation of vitellogenin by oocytes. This study complements the previous results with R. sanguineus semi-engorged females, showing that permethrin is a potent agent causing major morphological changes in tick oocytes, such as the appearance of large vacuoles in the cytoplasm, reduction in the amount of yolk granules and a decrease in oocyte size, thus culminating in cell death and consequently reducing or preventing reproduction in treated females. The findings that permethrin leads to a decrease in ecdysteroid titers could represent an entry step into this scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gislaine Cristina Roma
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, UNESP, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
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Nodari EF, Roma GC, Furquim KCS, De Oliveira PR, Bechara GH, Camargo-Mathias MI. Degenerative process and cell death in salivary glands of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae) semi-engorged female exposed to the acaricide permethrin. Microsc Res Tech 2012; 75:1012-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Denardi SE, Furquim KCS, Bechara GH, Camargo-Mathias MI. Salivary glands of Amblyomma cajennense (Acari: Ixodidae): a histological and an ultrastructural overview. Exp Appl Acarol 2011; 54:177-189. [PMID: 21301932 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-010-9421-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The present study on the salivary glands of semi-engorged Amblyomma cajennense females has identified the various cell types present in this tissue and allowed its morphohistochemical characterization. Marking techniques were applied to detect polysaccharides (PAS), proteins (bromophenol blue), lipids (Nile blue) and calcium (von Kossa), as well as those of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results obtained by TEM showed and confirmed that these individuals' glands are also formed by round acini that are connected to the common excretory duct through acinar and intermediate ducts. Histological data as well as ultrastructural ones showed that the glands are formed by types I, II and III acini. In this study with salivary glands polysaccharides, proteins, lipids and calcium were observed in the cytoplasm and/or cell secretion granules-both free or forming complexes, as the intensity of the marking varied according to the cell as well as the type of acini analyzed, showing the structural and functional complexity of the tick salivary glands, characteristics that give the multifunctional character to this organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Eloisi Denardi
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP, Av. 24 A, no. 1515, Cx. Postal 199, CEP 13506-900, SP, Rio Claro, Brazil
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Roma GC, Furquim KCS, Bechara GH, Camargo Mathias MI. Cytotoxic effects of permethrin in oocytes of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) fully engorged females: I. Direct or indirect action of the acaricide in germ cells? Exp Appl Acarol 2011; 53:287-299. [PMID: 20960224 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-010-9401-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2010] [Accepted: 10/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Given the wide use of synthetic chemicals to control ticks, this study evaluated the effects of the permethrin pyrethroid on oocytes of Rhipicephalus sanguineus fully engorged females in order to examine whether this compound, in addition to the proven neurotoxic effect, also acts directly on germ cells. The results revealed that permethrin effectively inhibits and/or interrupts the reproductive process of R. sanguineus. Exposed oocytes exhibited prominent structural changes such as altered shape of cells and germ vesicle (oocyte nucleus), cytoplasmic vacuolation, and decrease of yolk granules. The composition of the latter, however, was not altered. These findings confirm those already reported by Roma et al. (Food Chem Toxicol 48:825-830, 2010) demonstrating that permethrin acts on germ cells of R. sanguineus via direct absorption from the hemolymph by pedicel cells, or by the oocyte plasmic membrane. On the other hand, these results contradict studies reporting that acaricides act exclusively on the nervous systems of ticks and that all the changes in other organs are a result from the indirect action of these chemical compounds, because blocking of the nervous system would compromise the normal metabolism of other organs (dependent on sensory information).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gislaine Cristina Roma
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, UNESP, Avenida 24 A, 1515, CP 199, Rio Claro, SP 13506-900, Brazil
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Nodari EF, Roma GC, Furquim KCS, Bechara GH, Mathias MIC. Cytotoxic effects of permethrin in salivary glands of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae) semi-engorged females. Exp Parasitol 2011; 128:151-8. [PMID: 21352824 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2011.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Revised: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Because of the medical and veterinary importance of ticks and the wide use of synthetic chemical substances such as permethrin (active ingredient of Advantage® Max3 - Bayer)for their control, this study evaluated the effects of different concentrations (206, 1031 and 2062 ppm) of the acaricide on the salivary glands of Rhipicephalus sanguineus semi-engorged females. Results showed that permethrin is a potent substance that acts morpho-physiologically in the tick glandular tissue, causing changes in the acini shape intense vacuolation in acinar cells, and disruption of the tissue by cell death process, with subsequent formation of apoptotic bodies, especially at higher concentrations, thus precluding the accurate identification of different types of acini. Importantly, it is demonstrated that permethrin acts on salivary gland tissue, as well as affecting the nervous system, accelerating the process of glandular degeneration, and interfering with the engorgement process of female ticks, preventing them from completing the feeding process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elen Fernanda Nodari
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, UNESP, Avenida 24 A, 1515, 13506-900-Rio Claro, CP 199, SP, Brazil
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Pereira CPM, de Oliveira PR, Furquim KCS, Bechara GH, Camargo-Mathias MI. Fipronil-induced cell death in salivary glands of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae) semi-engorged females. Exp Parasitol 2011; 127:481-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2010.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2010] [Revised: 06/16/2010] [Accepted: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Arnosti A, Brienza PD, Furquim KCS, Chierice GO, Neto SC, Bechara GH, Sampieri BR, Camargo-Mathias MI. Effects of Ricinus communis oil esters on salivary glands of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae). Exp Parasitol 2011; 127:569-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2010.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2010] [Revised: 08/10/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Arnosti A, Brienza PD, Furquim KCS, Chierice GO, Bechara GH, Calligaris IB, Camargo-Mathias MI. Effects of ricinoleic acid esters from castor oil of Ricinus communis on the vitellogenesis of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae) ticks. Exp Parasitol 2011; 127:575-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2010.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2009] [Revised: 08/23/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Nunes ET, Furquim KCS, Bechara GH, Camargo-Mathias MI. Cell death in salivary glands of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini, 1887) (Acari: Ixodidae) females at semi-engorged feeding stage. Ultrastruct Pathol 2011; 34:288-300. [PMID: 20568983 DOI: 10.3109/01913123.2010.484288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The ultrastructure of the salivary glands of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus females is described during feeding. In beginning of feeding, individuals show acini I with many mitochondria and wide basal labyrinth in peripheral cells; glycoprotein granules only in b and c3 cells (acini II); and epithelial interstitial cells with developed basal labyrinth between f cells (acini III). Semi-engorged females show cells in degeneration, with autophagic vacuoles, lysosomes, myelin figures, and irregular, condensed, and/or fragmented nuclei, in addition to apoptotic bodies. R. B. microplus points to apoptosis in these organs before the detachment from the host, in contrast to others tick species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Takagi Nunes
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
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Furquim KCS, Mathias MIC, Hebling LMGF, Roma GC, Bechara GH. Ticks’ response to feeding on host immunized with glandular extracts of Rhipicephalus sanguineus females fed for 2, 4, and 6 days. I. Inactivity or early degeneration of salivary glands? Parasitol Res 2011; 109:147-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-010-2238-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Mathias MIC, Arnosti A, Brienza PD, Furquim KCS, Oliveira PRD, Denardi SE, Bechara GH. The dynamics of RNA participation in the vitellogenesis of Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks Latreille 1806 (Acari:Ixodidae). I. Nucleoli or Cajal bodies? Micron 2010; 41:870-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2010.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2010] [Revised: 04/08/2010] [Accepted: 04/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Roma GC, Furquim KCS, Bechara GH, Camargo-Mathias MI. Permethrin-induced morphological changes in oocytes of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) semi-engorged females. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48:825-30. [PMID: 20035820 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2009.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2009] [Revised: 11/17/2009] [Accepted: 12/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gislaine Cristina Roma
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, UNESP, Avenida 24 A, 1515, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP CP 199, Brazil
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Furquim KCS, Bechara GH, Camargo Mathias MI. Morpho-histochemical characterization of salivary gland cells of males of the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) at different feeding stages: description of new cell types. Exp Appl Acarol 2010; 50:59-70. [PMID: 19582584 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-009-9282-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2009] [Accepted: 06/05/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the changes undergone by cells of the salivary glands of unfed and feeding (at day two and four post-attachment) Rhipicephalus sanguineus males, as well as new cell types. In unfed males, types I and II acini are observed with cells "undifferentiated", undefined 1 and 2 (the latter, with atypical granules), a, c1 and c3; type III is composed of cells d and e; and type IV present cells g. In males at day two post-attachment, type I acini exhibit the same morphology of unfed individuals. An increase in size is observed in types II, III, and IV, as cells are filled with secretion granules. Some granules are still undergoing maturation. In type II acinus, cells a, b and c1-c8 are observed. Cells c7 and c8 are described for the first time. Cells c7 are termed as such due to the addition of polysaccharides in the composition of the secretion granules (in unfed individuals, they are termed undefined 1). Type III acini exhibit cells d and e completely filled with granules, and in type IV, cells g contain granules in several stages of maturation. In males at day four post-attachment, type I acini do not exhibit changes. Granular acini exhibit cells with fewer secretion granules, which are already mature. In type II acini, cells a, b, c1-c5 are present, type III exhibit cells d and e, and type IV contain cells g with little or no secretion. This study shows that in the salivary glands of R. sanguineus males, cells a, c1, and c3 of type II acinus, and cells d and e of type III do not exhibit changes in granular content, remaining continuously active during the entire feeding period. This indicates that during the intervals among feeding stages, gland cells reacquire the same characteristics found in unfed individuals, suggesting that they undergo reprogramming to be active in the next cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Christina Scopinho Furquim
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP, Av. 24 A, no. 1515, Cx. Postal 199, CEP: 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
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Furquim KCS, Bechara GH, Camargo Mathias MI. Markers of cell death in salivary glands of males of the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari, Ixodidae). Parasitol Int 2008; 57:396-404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2008.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2007] [Revised: 04/10/2008] [Accepted: 04/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Scopinho Furquim KC, Bechara GH, Camargo Mathias MI. Death by apoptosis in salivary glands of females of the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae). Exp Parasitol 2008; 119:152-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2008.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2007] [Revised: 12/11/2007] [Accepted: 01/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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