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Caetano RL, Vizzoni VF, Bitencourth K, Carriço C, Sato TP, Pinto ZT, De Oliveira SV, Amorim M, Voloch CM, Gazeta GS. Ultrastructural Morphology and Molecular Analyses of Tropical and Temperate "Species" of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (Acari: Ixodidae) in Brazil. J Med Entomol 2017; 54:1201-1212. [PMID: 28399274 PMCID: PMC5850649 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjx066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille) complex (Acari:Ixodidae) is composed of species with intra- and interspecific morphological variation that make their diagnosis difficult. In the present study, male specimens of the R. sanguineus complex were collected from dogs in six districts of three regions of Brazil and submitted to molecular and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. Analysis of COX1 gene, 12S rDNA, and D-loop rDNA shows that ticks classified as R. sanguineus form two different clades. Morphological comparisons using SEM found adult males to exhibit morphological differences in Haller's organ, festoons, and adanal, spiracular, and genital plates, with the last having potential usefulness in distinguishing male specimens of the complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Leal Caetano
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IOC/FIOCRUZ), Laboratório de Referência Nacional em Vetores das Riquetsioses, Avenida Brasil, 4365, CEP 21040-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil (; ; ; ; ; ; )
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IOC/FIOCRUZ), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Saúde, Avenida Brasil, 4365, CEP 21040-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Universidade Estácio de Sá (UNESA), Rua Bingen, 50 – Bingen, CEP 25660-004, Petrópolis, RJ, Brazil
- Corresponding author, e-mail:
| | - Vinicius Figueiredo Vizzoni
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IOC/FIOCRUZ), Laboratório de Referência Nacional em Vetores das Riquetsioses, Avenida Brasil, 4365, CEP 21040-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil (; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Karla Bitencourth
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IOC/FIOCRUZ), Laboratório de Referência Nacional em Vetores das Riquetsioses, Avenida Brasil, 4365, CEP 21040-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil (; ; ; ; ; ; )
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IOC/FIOCRUZ), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Saúde, Avenida Brasil, 4365, CEP 21040-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cesar Carriço
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IOC/FIOCRUZ), Laboratório de Referência Nacional em Vetores das Riquetsioses, Avenida Brasil, 4365, CEP 21040-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil (; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Tayra Pereira Sato
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IOC/FIOCRUZ), Laboratório de Referência Nacional em Vetores das Riquetsioses, Avenida Brasil, 4365, CEP 21040-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil (; ; ; ; ; ; )
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comportamento e Biologia Animal, MG, Brazil
| | - Zeneida Teixeira Pinto
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IOC/FIOCRUZ), Laboratório de Educação em Ambiente e Saúde, Avenida Brasil, 4365, CEP 21040-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil ()
| | - Stefan Vilges De Oliveira
- Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde/Ministério da Saúde (SVS/MS), Unidade técnica de vigilância de zoonoses, SCS - Quadra 04 Bloco “A” Edifício Principal - 3º Andar, CEP: 70.304-000, DF, Brazil ()
| | - Marinete Amorim
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IOC/FIOCRUZ), Laboratório de Referência Nacional em Vetores das Riquetsioses, Avenida Brasil, 4365, CEP 21040-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil (; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Carolina Moreira Voloch
- Laboratório de Biologia Evolutiva Teórica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Genética, Av. Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco s/n CCS, Bloco A, A2-097, Ilha do Fundão - Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP: 21941-901, Brazil ()
| | - Gilberto Salles Gazeta
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IOC/FIOCRUZ), Laboratório de Referência Nacional em Vetores das Riquetsioses, Avenida Brasil, 4365, CEP 21040-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil (; ; ; ; ; ; )
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Coimbra-Dores MJ, Nunes T, Dias D, Rosa F. Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) species complex: morphometric and ultrastructural analyses. Exp Appl Acarol 2016; 70:455-468. [PMID: 27812830 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-016-0095-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Although some studies have already been performed on Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille) populations, there is still much disarray around its taxonomic classification. Rhipicephalus sanguineus, which is also known as " (brown dog tick) is a three-host tick that parasitizes many vertebrates, including occasional human hosts. It presents a worldwide distribution and is a vector of zoonosis with acknowledged public health importance. In Western Europe, R. turanicus (Pomerantsev) share many phenotypic features and is genetically closely related to R. sanguineus. Additionally, as these species are sympatric, they can be easily misidentified. However, by means of a thorough morphological traits analysis, it is possible to distinguish both species, especially resorting to scanning electron microscopy. This study was conducted using stereoscopic and SEM analyses, both associated with morphometric analysis, in order to help clarify the taxonomic status of this species complex. For that purpose, specimens resembling R. sanguineus were collected from dogs of the Midwestern Iberian Peninsula. Identification was performed based on taxonomical key characteristics. The obtained results allowed the authors to agree that a great morphological variability is found within R. sanguineus-like Iberian populations. Nevertheless, R. turanicus is easily identified by morphologic analysis, especially using reference specimens, and its presence in Portugal is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Coimbra-Dores
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal.
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Telmo Nunes
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Deodália Dias
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Rosa
- Faculty of Agronomy, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal
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Feitosa APS, Alves LC, Chaves MM, Veras DL, Silva EM, Aliança ASS, França IRS, Gonçalves GGA, Lima-Filho JL, Brayner FA. Hemocytes of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae): Characterization, Population Abundance, and Ultrastructural Changes Following Challenge with Leishmania infantum. J Med Entomol 2015; 52:1193-1202. [PMID: 26336264 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjv125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have examined the cellular immune response of ticks, and further research on the characterization of the hemocytes of ticks is required, particularly on those of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille) because of the medical and veterinary importance of this tick. The aims of this study were to characterize the morphology and the ultrastructure of the different types of hemocytes of adult R. sanguineus and to determine the population abundance and the ultrastructural changes in the hemocytes of ticks infected with Leishmania infantum. The hemocytes were characterized through light and transmission electron microscopy. Within the variability of circulating cells in the hemolymph of adult R. sanguineus, five cell types were identified, which were the prohemocytes, plasmatocytes, granulocytes, spherulocytes, and adipohemocytes. The prohemocytes were the smallest cells found in the hemolymph. The plasmatocytes had polymorphic morphology with vesicles and cytoplasmic projections. The granulocytes had an elliptical shape with the cytoplasm filled with granules of different sizes and electrodensities. The spherulocytes were characterized by several spherules of uniform shapes and sizes that filled the entire cytoplasm, whereas the adipohemocytes had an irregular shape with multiple lipid inclusions that occupied almost the entire cytoplasmic space. The total counts of the hemocyte population increased in the group that was infected with L. infantum. Among the different cell types, the numbers increased and the ultrastructural changes occurred in the granulocytes and the plasmatocytes in the infected group of ticks.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P S Feitosa
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Parasitology, Aggeu Magalhães Research Center (FIOCRUZ), Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n - Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universitária, Recife-PE, Brazil, - CEP:50.740-465. Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, Recife-PE, Brazil - CEP: 50670-901. Post Graduate Program in Tropical Medicine (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, Recife-PE, Brazil - CEP: 50670-901.
| | - L C Alves
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Parasitology, Aggeu Magalhães Research Center (FIOCRUZ), Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n - Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universitária, Recife-PE, Brazil, - CEP:50.740-465. Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, Recife-PE, Brazil - CEP: 50670-901. Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), University of Pernambuco, Rua Arnóbio Marques, 310 - Santo Amaro - Recife-PE, Brazil -CEP 50.100-130
| | - M M Chaves
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Parasitology, Aggeu Magalhães Research Center (FIOCRUZ), Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n - Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universitária, Recife-PE, Brazil, - CEP:50.740-465
| | - D L Veras
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Parasitology, Aggeu Magalhães Research Center (FIOCRUZ), Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n - Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universitária, Recife-PE, Brazil, - CEP:50.740-465. Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, Recife-PE, Brazil - CEP: 50670-901
| | - E M Silva
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Parasitology, Aggeu Magalhães Research Center (FIOCRUZ), Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n - Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universitária, Recife-PE, Brazil, - CEP:50.740-465. Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, Recife-PE, Brazil - CEP: 50670-901
| | - A S S Aliança
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Parasitology, Aggeu Magalhães Research Center (FIOCRUZ), Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n - Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universitária, Recife-PE, Brazil, - CEP:50.740-465. Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, Recife-PE, Brazil - CEP: 50670-901. Post Graduate Program in Tropical Medicine (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, Recife-PE, Brazil - CEP: 50670-901
| | - I R S França
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Parasitology, Aggeu Magalhães Research Center (FIOCRUZ), Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n - Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universitária, Recife-PE, Brazil, - CEP:50.740-465. Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), University of Pernambuco, Rua Arnóbio Marques, 310 - Santo Amaro - Recife-PE, Brazil -CEP 50.100-130
| | - G G A Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Parasitology, Aggeu Magalhães Research Center (FIOCRUZ), Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n - Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universitária, Recife-PE, Brazil, - CEP:50.740-465. Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, Recife-PE, Brazil - CEP: 50670-901
| | - J L Lima-Filho
- Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, Recife-PE, Brazil - CEP: 50670-901
| | - F A Brayner
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Parasitology, Aggeu Magalhães Research Center (FIOCRUZ), Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n - Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universitária, Recife-PE, Brazil, - CEP:50.740-465. Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, Recife-PE, Brazil - CEP: 50670-901. Post Graduate Program in Tropical Medicine (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, Recife-PE, Brazil - CEP: 50670-901
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Soares SF, Louly CCB, Marion-Poll F, Ribeiro MFB, Borges LMF. Study on cheliceral sensilla of the brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae) involved in taste perception of phagostimulants. Acta Trop 2013; 126:75-83. [PMID: 23352572 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Phagostimulants are chemical compounds that stimulate feeding. Some tick species are known to have pores in their inner cheliceral digits, called pit sensillum (ps), which are involved in taste perception. This study investigated the existence of ps in chelicerae of Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and their involvement in the perception of phagostimulatory substances, such as the salts potassium chloride and sodium chloride (KCl and NaCl), sugars (glucose, sucrose and fructose), purines (guanine and hypoxanthine), the nucleotide adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and the tripeptide reduced glutathione (GSH), as well as their combinations at different concentrations. By means of scanning electron microscopy, a ps was observed at the expected location. Using a single-sensillum recording technique, strong activity by R. sanguineus cheliceral sensilla in response to glucose, ATP, GSH and high concentrations of salts was recorded. The responses to ATP and to KCl at 1M were multicellular, while the responses to the other stimulant compounds were monocellular. Glucose and GSH stimulated different neurons. The taste response of R. sanguineus chelicerae seemed to be selective, given that substances that were not expected to participate in this tick's biology were not perceived.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Fernandes Soares
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) Campus II, Samambaia, Cx. Postal 131, CEP: 74001-970, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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Furquim KCS, Bechara GH, Camargo Mathias MI. Morpho-histochemical characterization of salivary gland cells of males of the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) at different feeding stages: description of new cell types. Exp Appl Acarol 2010; 50:59-70. [PMID: 19582584 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-009-9282-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2009] [Accepted: 06/05/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the changes undergone by cells of the salivary glands of unfed and feeding (at day two and four post-attachment) Rhipicephalus sanguineus males, as well as new cell types. In unfed males, types I and II acini are observed with cells "undifferentiated", undefined 1 and 2 (the latter, with atypical granules), a, c1 and c3; type III is composed of cells d and e; and type IV present cells g. In males at day two post-attachment, type I acini exhibit the same morphology of unfed individuals. An increase in size is observed in types II, III, and IV, as cells are filled with secretion granules. Some granules are still undergoing maturation. In type II acinus, cells a, b and c1-c8 are observed. Cells c7 and c8 are described for the first time. Cells c7 are termed as such due to the addition of polysaccharides in the composition of the secretion granules (in unfed individuals, they are termed undefined 1). Type III acini exhibit cells d and e completely filled with granules, and in type IV, cells g contain granules in several stages of maturation. In males at day four post-attachment, type I acini do not exhibit changes. Granular acini exhibit cells with fewer secretion granules, which are already mature. In type II acini, cells a, b, c1-c5 are present, type III exhibit cells d and e, and type IV contain cells g with little or no secretion. This study shows that in the salivary glands of R. sanguineus males, cells a, c1, and c3 of type II acinus, and cells d and e of type III do not exhibit changes in granular content, remaining continuously active during the entire feeding period. This indicates that during the intervals among feeding stages, gland cells reacquire the same characteristics found in unfed individuals, suggesting that they undergo reprogramming to be active in the next cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Christina Scopinho Furquim
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP, Av. 24 A, no. 1515, Cx. Postal 199, CEP: 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
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de Oliveira PR, Bechara GH, Denardi SE, Saito KC, Nunes ET, Szabó MPJ, Mathias MIC. Comparison of the external morphology of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae) ticks from Brazil and Argentina. Vet Parasitol 2005; 129:139-47. [PMID: 15817214 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In the present study the external morphology of semi-engorged Rhipicephalus sanguineus females ticks from Brazil and Argentina were compared by scanning electron microscopy. Many differences were detected among the R. sanguineus collected at the two localities, such as body size, shape of the genital pore, and morphology of the sensory structures. All these characteristics are fundamental for the diagnosis of species of the genus Rhipicephalus and thus indicate the need for further comparisons and, the taxonomical revision of this species of tick in the Neotropics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Rosa de Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia, I.B., Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, UNESP, Av. 24A 1515, Cx. Postal 199, CEP 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
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