1
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Bilal A, Muhammad K, Riaz S, Altaf S. Demographic correlates of paternal postpartum depression in Pakistani males. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.03.457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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2
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Rehman SU, Muhammad K, Novaes E, Que Y, Din A, Islam M, Porto ACM, Inamullah M, Sajid M, Ullah N, Iqsa S. Expression analysis of transcription factors in sugarcane during cold stress. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e242603. [PMID: 34932612 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.242603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors (TF) are a wide class of genes in plants, and these can regulate the expression of other genes in response to various environmental stresses (biotic and abiotic). In the current study, transcription factor activity in sugarcane was examined during cold stress. Initially, RNA transcript reads of two sugarcane cultivars (ROC22 and GT08-1108) under cold stress were downloaded from SRA NCBI database. The reads were aligned into a reference genome and the differential expression analyses were performed with the R/Bioconductor edgeR package. Based on our analyses in the ROC22 cultivar, 963 TF genes were significantly upregulated under cold stress among a total of 5649 upregulated genes, while 293 TF genes were downregulated among a total of 3,289 downregulated genes. In the GT08-1108 cultivar, 974 TF genes were identified among 5,649 upregulated genes and 283 TF genes were found among 3,289 downregulated genes. Most transcription factors were annotated with GO categories related to protein binding, transcription factor binding, DNA-sequence-specific binding, transcription factor complex, transcription factor activity in RNA polymerase II, the activity of nucleic acid binding transcription factor, transcription corepressor activity, sequence-specific regulatory region, the activity of transcription factor of RNA polymerase II, transcription factor cofactor activity, transcription factor activity from plastid promoter, transcription factor activity from RNA polymerase I promoter, polymerase II and RNA polymerase III. The findings of above results will help to identify differentially expressed transcription factors during cold stress. It also provides a comprehensive analysis of the regulation of the transcription activity of many genes. Therefore, this study provides the molecular basis for improving cold tolerance in sugarcane and other economically important grasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- S U Rehman
- Hazara University, Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - K Muhammad
- Hazara University, Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - E Novaes
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Natural Scincey Institute, Department of Biology, Lavras, MG, Brasil
| | - Y Que
- Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - A Din
- Hazara University, Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M Islam
- Hazara University, Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - A C M Porto
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Natural Scincey Institute, Department of Biology, Lavras, MG, Brasil
| | - M Inamullah
- Hazara University, Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M Sajid
- Department of Agriculture, Hazara University, Mansehra, 21300- Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan
| | - N Ullah
- Hazara University, Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Iqsa
- Hazara University, Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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3
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O'Connor A, Sabri S, Muhammad K. The use of methylene blue to aid identification of ileal conduit anatomy during subsequent surgery. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2021; 104:1. [PMID: 34894716 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2021.0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - S Sabri
- Tameside General Hospital, UK
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4
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Waqar W, Ismail S, Jamil Z, Al-Shehhi A, Imran M, Hetta HF, Muhammad K, Waheed Y. SARS-CoV-2 associated pathogenesis, immune dysfunction and involvement of host factors: a comprehensive review. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:7526-7542. [PMID: 34919255 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202112_27453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases, especially viral infections, have emerged as a major concern for public health in recent years. Recently emerged COVID-19, caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been declared a pandemic by World Health Organization since March 2020. It was first identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and has since claimed more than a million lives. Complicated symptoms are associated with rising incidence and fatality rates, while many of the vaccine candidates are in the final stages of clinical trials. This review encompasses a summary of existing literature on COVID-19, including the basics of the disease such as the causative agent's genome characterization, modes of transmission of the virus, pathogenesis, and clinical presentations like associated immune responses, neurological manifestations, the variety of host genetic factors influencing the disease and the vulnerability of different groups being affected by COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Waqar
- Foundation University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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5
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Muhammad K, Al-Khaffaf H. 1186 Audit Driven Standardisation Of Perioperative Risk Profiling in Carotid Endarterectomy. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
It is a fundamental good clinical practice in our medicolegal rights era to obtain standard, adequate, and transparent informed consent before any planned intervention. Currently, there are neither national approved vascular intervention-specific consents nor explicit guidelines for it. We aim to achieve a standardisation of perioperative risk profiling of carotid endarterectomy consents and produce a model one.
Method
A retrospective analysis of 65 carotid endarterectomy consents (audit/reaudit) between (2016-2019) retrieved to evaluate quality and completeness against GMC 2008 guidance: "Consent: patients and doctors making decisions together". Data included basic consent requirements according to guidelines and specific risks of carotid endarterectomy. It was registered with the Trust Clinical Audit Department.
Results
(90%) audit vs (87%) reaudit consents documented the intended benefits of surgery. Inclusion into the National Vascular Registry (NVR) was achieved (0%) in audit vs (60%) in reaudit forms. Of the 14 documented postoperative complications, reaudit significant improvement observed in % of documenting 12 items with 6 complications recorded above 50%. The maximum number of audit documented risks was 11 (79%), the median 6 (43%), and the least was 3 (21%) compared to maximum 13 (93%), the median 7 (50%) and the least was 5 (36%) when reaudited, respectively.
Conclusions
Deficiencies in performing and adequately completing surgical consents still occur. Introducing a national pre-printed vascular intervention-specific consent is vital for accomplishing and maintaining a good clinical practice. It should include all complications with relative % risk to minimise errors, provide good quality consent, and promote clinical practice at a national level.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Muhammad
- Royal Stoke University Hospital, University Hospitals of North Midlands, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - H Al-Khaffaf
- Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital, East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Blackburn, United Kingdom
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6
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Muhammad K, Al-Khaffaf H. 1230 Infrainguinal Bypass Informed Consent: An Audit Driven Standardisation Of Perioperative Risk Profiling. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
It is a fundamental good clinical practice in our medicolegal rights era to obtain standard, adequate, and transparent informed consent before any planned intervention. Currently, there are neither national approved vascular intervention-specific consents nor explicit guidelines for it. We aim to achieve a standardisation of perioperative risk profiling of infrainguinal bypass surgical consents and produce a model one.
Method
A retrospective analysis of 45 infrainguinal bypass consents (audit/reaudit) between (2013-2019) retrieved to evaluate quality and completeness against GMC 2008 guidance: "Consent: patients and doctors making decisions together". Data included basic consent requirements according to guidelines and specific risks of infrainguinal bypass. It was registered with the Trust Clinical Audit Department.
Results
(100%) of audit and reaudit consents documented the intended benefits of surgery. Inclusion into the National Vascular Registry (NVR) was achieved (0%) in audit vs (80%) in reaudit forms. Of the 19 documented postoperative complications, reaudit significant improvement observed in % of documenting 16 items with 9 complications recorded above 50%. The maximum number of audit documented risks was 15 (79%), the median 8 (42%), and the least was 3 (16%) compared to maximum 16 (84%), the median 10 (53%) and the least was 4 (21%) when reaudited, respectively.
Conclusions
Deficiencies in performing and adequately completing surgical consents still occur. Introducing a national pre-printed vascular intervention-specific consent is vital for accomplishing and maintaining a good clinical practice. It should include all complications with relative % risk to minimise errors, provide good quality consent, and promote clinical practice at a national level.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Muhammad
- Royal Stoke University Hospital, University Hospitals of North Midlands, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - H Al-Khaffaf
- Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital, East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Blackburn, United Kingdom
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7
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Luqman L, Saeed K, Muhammad K, Ahmad MS, Akbar F, Rasool A, Israr M, Jabeen H, Mehmood SA, Ahmed S, Alam A, Ullah S, Saeed N, Usman K, Hussain I, El Halim HMA, Khan W, Shah M. Biodiversity of orb-web spiders (family: araneidae) of buner valley, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e238339. [PMID: 34161423 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.238339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present research was carried out to explore the spider fauna of Buner valley with taxonomic study from February 2018 to January 2019. For this purpose samples were collected, four times at each month from 4 tehsils: Daggar, Gagra, Mandan and Totalai. Two methods were used, hand picking and sweep net for collection of samples. During day and night, three habitats, arid area, agriculture land and building area were search for collection. A total of 534 samples of spider were collected from four sampling sites, in which 379 were belonging to family Araniedae. After confirmation, the identified species were belonging to 8 genera (Neoscona, Argiope, Cyclosa, Araneus, Cyrtophora, Larinia, Erivoxia and Poltys) and 19 species. 18 of them were identified to specie level while a single specie to its generic level. The genus Neoscona was the dominant genus 26.31% having 5 species while the genus Argiope 21.05% is the second dominant having 4 species followed by Cyclosa 15.78% having 3 species followed by Cyrtophora and Araneus 10.52% having two species both. The Poltys and Larinia 5.26% are the rarest genera represent single-single specie both. Statistical analysis show that specie richness (D) = 5.77, Simpson index (1-D) = 0.87, Shannon index (H) = 2.33. Diversity of spiders was evenly distributed and calculated Evenness value was H/InS = 0.5408. There is also few atypical species and Fisher alpha estimate high value (Fisher α) = 4.42. Chao-1 estimated we have reported 22 species.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Luqman
- Department of Zoology, University of Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - K Saeed
- Department of Zoology, University of Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - K Muhammad
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakista
| | - M S Ahmad
- Department of Zoology, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - F Akbar
- Centre for Biotechnology & Microbiology, University of Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - A Rasool
- Centre for Biotechnology & Microbiology, University of Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M Israr
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - H Jabeen
- Department of Microbiology, Women University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S A Mehmood
- Department of Zoology, Hazara University Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Ahmed
- Department of Zoology, Hazara University Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - A Alam
- Department of Zoology, Hazara University Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Ullah
- Department of Zoology, Hazara University Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - N Saeed
- Department of Zoology, Hazara University Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - K Usman
- Department of Zoology, Hazara University Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - I Hussain
- Department of Zoology, Hazara University Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | | | - W Khan
- Department of Zoology, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M Shah
- Centre for Animal Sciences & Fisheries, University of Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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8
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Hetta HF, Muhammad K, Algammal AM, Ramadan H, Abdel-Rahman MS, Mabrok M, Koneru G, Elkady AA, El-Saber Batiha G, Waheed Y, Munawar N, Farghaly HSM. Mapping the effect of drugs on ACE2 as a novel target site for COVID-19 therapy. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:3923-3932. [PMID: 34109607 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202105_25963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has potentially conflicting roles in health and disease. COVID-19 coronavirus binds to human cells via ACE2 receptor, which is expressed on almost all body organs. Boosting the ACE2 receptor levels on heart and lung cells may provide more cellular enter to virus thereby worsening the infection. Therefore, among the drug targets, ACE2 is suggested as a vital target of COVID-19 therapy. This hypothesis is based on the protective role of the drugs acting on ACE2. Therefore, this review discusses the impact and challenges of using ACE2 as a target in the current therapy of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Hetta
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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9
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Hetta HF, Muhammad K, El-Masry EA, Taha AE, Ahmed EA, Phares C, Kader HA, Waheed Y, Zahran AM, Yahia R, Meshaal AK, El-Saber Batiha G. The interplay between vitamin D and COVID-19: protective or bystander? Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:2131-2145. [PMID: 33660833 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202102_25119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The world is currently facing the COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Due to a lack of specific treatment and prophylaxis, protective health measures that can reduce infection severity and COVID-19 mortality are urgently required. Clinical and epidemiological studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency can be linked to an increased risk of viral infection, including COVID-19. Therefore, in this review, we looked at various possible roles of vitamin D in reducing the risk of COVID-19 infection and severity. We describe in this article that individuals at high risk of vitamin D deficiency should consider taking vitamin D supplements to keep optimal concentrations. Moreover, we discuss different possible mechanisms by which vitamin D can efficiently reduce the risk of infections through modulation of innate and adaptive immunity against various types of infections. It is advisable to perform further studies addressing the observed influence of vitamin D levels to reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Hetta
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
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10
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Elufisan TO, Rodríguez-Luna IC, Oyedara OO, Sánchez-Varela A, Hernández-Mendoza A, Dantán Gonzalez E, Paz-González AD, Muhammad K, Rivera G, Villalobos-Lopez MA, Guo X. The Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) degradation activities and genome analysis of a novel strain Stenotrophomonas sp. Pemsol isolated from Mexico. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8102. [PMID: 31934497 PMCID: PMC6951288 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stenotrophomonas are ubiquitous gram-negative bacteria, which can survive in a wide range of environments. They can use many substances for their growth and are known to be intrinsically resistant to many antimicrobial agents. They have been tested for biotechnological applications, bioremediation, and production of antimicrobial agents. Method Stenotrophomonas sp. Pemsol was isolated from a crude oil contaminated soil. The capability of this isolate to tolerate and degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) such as anthraquinone, biphenyl, naphthalene, phenanthrene, phenanthridine, and xylene was evaluated in Bushnell Hass medium containing PAHs as the sole carbon sources. The metabolites formed after 30-day degradation of naphthalene by Pemsol were analyzed using Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopic (FTIR), Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The genome of Pemsol was also sequenced and analyzed. Results Anthraquinone, biphenyl, naphthalene, phenanthrene, and phenanthridine except xylene can be used as sole carbon sources for Pemsol’s growth in Bushnell Hass medium. The degradation of naphthalene at a concentration of 1 mg/mL within 30 days was tested. A newly formed catechol peak and the disappearance of naphthalene peak detected on the UPLC-MS, and GC-MS analyses spectra respectively confirmed the complete degradation of naphthalene. Pemsol does not produce biosurfactant and neither bio-emulsify PAHs. The whole genome was sequenced and assembled into one scaffold with a length of 4,373,402 bp. A total of 145 genes involved in the degradation of PAHs were found in its genome, some of which are Pemsol-specific as compared with other 11 Stenotrophomonas genomes. Most specific genes are located on the genomic islands. Stenotrophomonas sp. Pemsol’s possession of few genes that are associated with bio-emulsification gives the genetic basis for its inability to bio-emulsify PAH. A possible degradation pathway for naphthalene in Pemsol was proposed following the analysis of Pemsol’s genome. ANI and GGDH analysis indicated that Pemsol is likely a new species of Stenotrophomonas. It is the first report on a complete genome sequence analysis of a PAH-degrading Stenotrophomonas. Stenotrophomonas sp. Pemsol possesses features that make it a good bacterium for genetic engineering and will be an excellent tool for the remediation of crude oil or PAH-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temidayo O Elufisan
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Genomica, Centro de Biotecnologia Genomica, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico, Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico.,Science Policy and Innovation Studies (SPIS), National Center for Technology Management Obafemi Awolowo University campus Ile-Ife, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria
| | - Isabel C Rodríguez-Luna
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Genomica, Centro de Biotecnologia Genomica, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico, Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | | | - Alejandro Sánchez-Varela
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Genomica, Centro de Biotecnologia Genomica, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico, Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | - Armando Hernández-Mendoza
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Edgar Dantán Gonzalez
- Laboratorio de Estudios Ecogenómicos (UAEM), Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Alma D Paz-González
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Famaceutica, Centro de Biotecnologia Genomica, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico, Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | - Kashif Muhammad
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Famaceutica, Centro de Biotecnologia Genomica, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico, Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | - Gildardo Rivera
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Famaceutica, Centro de Biotecnologia Genomica, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico, Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | | | - Xianwu Guo
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Genomica, Centro de Biotecnologia Genomica, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico, Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico
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Shin SS, Hwang B, Muhammad K, Gho Y, Song JH, Kim WJ, Kim G, Moon SK. Nimbolide Represses the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Bladder Carcinoma Cells via Chk2-Mediated G2/M Phase Cell Cycle Arrest, Altered Signaling Pathways, and Reduced Transcription Factors-Associated MMP-9 Expression. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2019; 2019:3753587. [PMID: 31391858 PMCID: PMC6662486 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3753587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nimbolide, an active chemical constituent of Azadirachta indica, reportedly has several physiological effects. Here, we assessed novel anticancer effects of nimbolide against bladder cancer EJ and 5637 cells. Nimbolide treatment inhibited the proliferation of both bladder cancer cell lines with an IC50 value of 3 μM. Treatment of cells with nimbolide induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest via both Chk2-Cdc25C-Cdc2/cyclin B1-Wee1 pathway and Chk2-p21WAF1-Cdc2/cyclin B1-Wee1 pathway. Nimbolide increased JNK phosphorylation and decreased p38MAPK and AKT phosphorylation. Additionally, nimbolide impeded both wound healing migration and invasion abilities by suppressing matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity. Finally, nimbolide repressed the binding activity of NF-κB, Sp-1, and AP-1 motifs, which are key transcription factors for MMP-9 activity regulation. Overall, our study indicates that nimbolide is a potential chemotherapeutic agent for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Shick Shin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungdoo Hwang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Kashif Muhammad
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujeong Gho
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hui Song
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Wun-Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Gonhyung Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Kwon Moon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
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12
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Howell S, Hoeks S, West R, Wheatcroft S, Hoeft A, Leva B, Plichon B, Damster S, Momeni M, Watremez C, Kahn D, Dincq AS, Danila A, Wittmann M, Struck R, Rüddel T, Kessler F, Rasche S, Matsota P, Hasani A, Gudaityte J, Karbonskiene A, Ferreira R, Carvalho S, Tomescu D, Martac C, Grintescu I, Mirea L, Serrano L, Serrano L, Sierra P, Sabaté S, Hernando D, Matute P, Trashorras M, Suñé M, Sarmiento L, Hervias A, González O, Hermina A, González O, Hermina A, Navarro Perez R, Orts M, Fernandez-Garcia R, Sanchez Pérez D, Sepulveda Gil I, Monedero P, Hidalgo F, Mbongo C, Pont A, Reyes H, Bartolo C, Galera S, Valentijn T, Stolker R, Tugrul M, Emre Demirel E, Hough M, Griffiths K, Birch S, Beardow Z, Elliot S, Thompson J, Bowrey S, Northey M, Melson H, Telford R, Nadolski M, Potter A, Fuller D, Rose A, Varma S, Simeson K, Pettit J, Smith N, Martinson V, Sleight L, Naylor C, Watt P, Raymode P, Dunk N, Twohey L, Hollos L, Davies S, Gibson A, Coleman Z, Tamm T, Joscak J, Zsisku L, Zuleika M, Carvalho P, Collyer T, Ryan J, Colling K, Dharmarajah S, Krishnan A, Paddle J, Fouracres A, Arnell K, Muhammad K. Prospective observational cohort study of the association between antiplatelet therapy, bleeding and thrombosis in patients with coronary stents undergoing noncardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth 2019; 122:170-179. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2018.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Kashif S, Muhammad K, Siyal N, Adhi MI. Outcome of focal treatment to residual retinoblastoma after chemotherapy (Experience with Focal Treatment of Retinoblastoma). J PAK MED ASSOC 2017; 67:1109-1115. [PMID: 28770899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report a prospective case series on the anatomical, and functional outcomes, and complications of focal treatment of retinoblastoma to residual tumors in patients who had already received chemotherapy. We examined the patients of retinoblastoma under general anaesthesia with Ret Cam II. Patients with lesions from Group 1 to Group 5 of Reese Ellsworth classification at presentation. They were first given chemotherapy according to VEC (Vincristine, Etoposide and Carboplatin) protocol and then focal treatment. Solid State Green laser photocoagulation and/or cryotherapy were applied to the lesions with help of indirect ophthalmoscope. Thirty one eyes of 26 children were treated. The mean age at presentation was 35.5 ± 6.4 (median = 24, IQR = 36) months. Fourteen (57.7%) were male and 12 (42.3%) were female. Twenty three (88.5%) children had bilateral retinoblastoma and 3 (11.5%) had unilateral involvement. Complete regression was achieved in 25 (80.6%) eyes. Only 6 (19.4%) eyes had to be enucleated. Final mean LogMAR visual acuity after treatment was0.6 ± 0.64. Transient Corneal oedema was the most commonly observed adverse effect seen immediately after laser photocoagulation in 12 (38.7%) eyes. Focal treatment is a good and effective adjuvant to systemic treatment and ophthalmologists should be aware of this modality of treatment and competent enough to use these modalities appropriately to improve the outcome of RB patients in our population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kashif Muhammad
- Ophthalmology Unit 2, Dow University of Health Sciences and Civil Hospital, Karachi
| | - Nisar Siyal
- Ophthalmology Unit 2, Dow University of Health Sciences and Civil Hospital, Karachi
| | - Mohammed Idrees Adhi
- Professor (Rtd) of Ophthalmology at Dow University of Health Sciences and Civil Hospital, Karachi
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Akbar N, Ahmad H, Nadeem MS, Hemphill BE, Muhammad K, Ahmad W, Ilyas M. HVSI polymorphism indicates multiple origins of mtDNA in the Hazarewal population of Northern Pakistan. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr7167. [PMID: 27420957 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15027167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is an important tool used to explore ethnogenetics and the evolutionary history of human populations. In this study, hypervariable segment I (HVSI) from mtDNA was analyzed to establish the genetic lineage of the Hazarewal populations residing in the Mansehra and Abbottabad districts of Northern Pakistan. HVSI was extracted from genetic specimens obtained from 225 unrelated male and female individuals belonging to seven distinct Pakistani ethnic groups (31 Abbassis, 44 Awans, 38 Gujars, 16 Jadoons, 23 Karlals, 33 Syeds, and 40 Tanolis). Eighty-three haplogroups, 39 of which were unique, were identified; haplogroup H was predominantly represented (in 40% of the people), followed by haplogroups M (21.78%), R (16.89%), N (15.56%), L (3.11%), and HV (2.67%). The results revealed a sex-biased genetic contribution from putative West Eurasian, South Asian, and Sub-Saharan populations to the genetic lineage of Hazarewal ancestry, with the effect of Eurasians being predominant. The HVSI nucleotide sequences exhibited some characteristic deletion mutations between 16,022 and 16,193 bp, which is characteristic of specific ethnic groups. HVSI sequence homology showed that Hazarewal populations fall into three major clusters: Syeds and Awans sorted out into cluster I; Tanolis, Gujars, and Karlals segregated in cluster II; and Abbassis and Jadoons in cluster III. Here, we have reported the firsthand genetic information and evolutionary sketch of the selected populations residing alongside the historical Silk Route, which provides a baseline for collating the origin, route of migration, and phylogenetics of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Akbar
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Garden Campus, Mansehra, Pakistan.,Center for Human Genetics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - H Ahmad
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Garden Campus, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - M S Nadeem
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Garden Campus, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - B E Hemphill
- Department of Anthropology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | - K Muhammad
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Garden Campus, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - W Ahmad
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Garden Campus, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - M Ilyas
- Center for Human Genetics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
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Ud-Din A, Rauf M, Ghafoor S, Khattak MNK, Hameed MW, Shah H, Jan S, Muhammad K, Rehman A, Inamullah. Efficient use of artificial micro-RNA to downregulate the expression of genes at the post-transcriptional level in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr7439. [PMID: 27173203 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15027439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Micro-RNAs are cellular components regulating gene expression at the post-transcription level. In the present study, artificial micro-RNAs were used to decrease the transcript level of two genes, AtExpA8 (encoding an expansin) and AHL25 (encoding an AT-hook motif nuclear localized protein) in Arabidopsis thaliana. The backbone of the Arabidopsis endogenous MIR319a micro-RNA was used in a site-directed mutagenesis approach for the generation of artificial micro-RNAs targeting two genes. The recombinant cassettes were expressed under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter in individual A. thaliana plants. Transgenic lines of the third generation were tested by isolating total RNA and by subsequent cDNA synthesis using oligo-dT18 primers and mRNAs as templates. The expression of the two target genes was checked through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to confirm reduced transcript levels for AtExpA8 and AHL25. Downregulation of AtExpA8 resulted in the formation of short hypocotyls compared with those of the wild-type control in response to low pH and high salt concentration. This technology could be used to prevent the expression of exogenous and invading genes posing a threat to the normal cellular physiology of the host plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ud-Din
- Department of Genetics, Garden Campus, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - M Rauf
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - S Ghafoor
- Department of Genetics, Garden Campus, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - M N K Khattak
- Department of Zoology, Garden Campus, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - M W Hameed
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - H Shah
- National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - S Jan
- Department of Genetics, Garden Campus, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - K Muhammad
- Department of Genetics, Garden Campus, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - A Rehman
- Department of Zoology, Garden Campus, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Inamullah
- Department of Genetics, Garden Campus, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
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Asghar S, Arif M, Nawaz M, Muhammad K, Ali MA, Ahmad MD, Iqbal S, Anjum AA, Khan M, Nazir J. Selection, characterisation and evaluation of potential probiotic Lactobacillus spp. isolated from poultry droppings. Benef Microbes 2015; 7:35-44. [PMID: 26565086 DOI: 10.3920/bm2015.0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Aim of the present study was to characterise and evaluate probiotic potential of lactobacilli isolated from indigenous poultry. Lactobacilli were isolated from poultry droppings and identified by genus specific polymerase chain reaction and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Isolates were characterised in vitro by their ability to tolerate low pH and bile salts, phytase activity, antimicrobial activity, antibiotic susceptibility profile, and autoaggregation and coaggregation with poultry gut pathogens. In vivo evaluation of selected isolates was done by their effect on the body weight gain and immune response of broiler chicks. Total of 90, one-day old chicks, were randomly divided in 9 groups and given selected lactobacilli alone and in combinations (108 cfu/bird, daily) from day 7 to day 35. Body weight gain and humoral immune response to New Castle Disease Virus (NDV) vaccine were determined weekly. Three lactobacilli isolates (SMP52, SMP64 and SMP70) were selected as potentially probiotic bacteria on the basis of in vitro characterisation and identified as Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus casei and L. crispatus, respectively. Chicks supplemented with 'SMP52', 'SMP64', 'SMP70' and 'SMP64+SMP70' and a commercial probiotic product (Protexin) showed significantly higher mean weight gain per bird (1,584±35.2, 1,629±30.6, 1,668±34.7, 1,619±29.5 and 1,576±31.7 g/bird, respectively) as compared to negative control group (1,394±26.7 g/bird), on day 35. SMP 70 also showed significantly higher geometric mean titre against NDV vaccine at day 21 as compared to negative control. It is concluded that L. crispatus SMP52, L. casei SMP64 and L. crispatus SMP70 are potential probiotic candidates which alone or in different combinations may increase body weight of broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Asghar
- 1 Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Out-Fall Road Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Arif
- 1 Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Out-Fall Road Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Nawaz
- 1 Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Out-Fall Road Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - K Muhammad
- 1 Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Out-Fall Road Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M A Ali
- 1 Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Out-Fall Road Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M D Ahmad
- 2 Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Out-Fall Road Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Iqbal
- 3 Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Out-Fall Road Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A A Anjum
- 1 Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Out-Fall Road Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Khan
- 1 Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Out-Fall Road Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - J Nazir
- 1 Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Out-Fall Road Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
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Muhammad ZI, Maria KS, Mohammad A, Muhammad S, Zia-ur-Rehman F, Muhammad K. Effect of Mercury on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Mungbean ( Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v19i2.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Khan RU, Anwar K, Muhammad K, Raza H. Visceral phaeohyphomycosis caused by Alternaria alternata offering a diagnostic as well as a therapeutic challenge. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2015; 26:339-43. [DOI: 10.4103/1319-2442.152503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Porter J, Mohamad A, Khanbhai M, Muhammad K. Developing an in-house simulated surgical skills course for foundation doctors. Int J Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2014.08.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Foo KL, Hashim U, Muhammad K, Voon CH. Sol-gel synthesized zinc oxide nanorods and their structural and optical investigation for optoelectronic application. Nanoscale Res Lett 2014; 9:429. [PMID: 25221458 PMCID: PMC4150024 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods (NRs) with hexagonal wurtzite structures were synthesized using an easy and low-cost bottom-up hydrothermal growth technique. ZnO thin films were prepared with the use of four different solvents, namely, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and 2-methoxyethanol, and then used as seed layer templates for the subsequent growth of the ZnO NRs. The influences of the different solvents on the structural and optical properties were investigated through scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and photoluminescence. The obtained X-ray diffraction patterns showed that the synthesized ZnO NRs were single crystals and exhibited a preferred orientation along the (002) plane. In addition, the calculated results from the specific models of the refractive index are consistent with the experimental data. The ZnO NRs that grew from the 2-methoxyethanol seeded layer exhibited the smallest grain size (39.18 nm), largest diffracted intensities on the (002) plane, and highest bandgap (3.21 eV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Loong Foo
- Nano Biochip Research Group, Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering (INEE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kangar, Perlis 01000, Malaysia
| | - Uda Hashim
- Nano Biochip Research Group, Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering (INEE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kangar, Perlis 01000, Malaysia
| | - Kashif Muhammad
- Nano Biochip Research Group, Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering (INEE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kangar, Perlis 01000, Malaysia
| | - Chun Hong Voon
- Nano Biochip Research Group, Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering (INEE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kangar, Perlis 01000, Malaysia
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Fasahat P, Muhammad K, Abdullah A, Wickneswari R. Identification of introgressed alien chromosome segments associated with grain quality in Oryza rufipogon x MR219 advanced breeding lines using SSR markers. Genet Mol Res 2012; 11:3534-46. [PMID: 23079848 DOI: 10.4238/2012.september.26.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
A limited backcross procedure was utilized to introgress genes associated with grain quality traits from Oryza rufipogon (Accession No. IRGC 105491), a wild rice from Malaysia, to the cultivated rice O. sativa cv. MR219, a popular high yielding Malaysian rice cultivar. A set of 10 BC(2)F(7) progenies were selected based on the field performance and phenotypic appearance in BC(2)F(5) and BC(2)F(6) generations, which initially started with 266 progenies in the BC(2)F(2) generation. These 10 advanced breeding lines are similar to each other but differ in several important grain quality traits, which can be traced to O. rufipogon introgressions. Phenotyping and genotyping of BC(2)F(7) variants were considered for QTL analysis. The introgressed lines did not show any significant changes compared to the recurrent parent MR219 for the traits grain density and milled rice percentage. All 10 progenies showed significantly higher head rice percentages (70-88%) than the recurrent parent MR219. Variants G13 and G15 had higher amylose contents than MR219. All variants were analyzed using polymorphic SSR markers. Of the 34 SSR markers, only 18 showed introgression from O. rufipogon for chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, and 11. Graphical genotypes were prepared for each variant, and association between the introgression regions and the traits that increased grain quality was visualized. Based on marker trait association, some of the QTLs are stable across environments and genetic backgrounds and could be used universally.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Fasahat
- School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Adhi M, Aziz S, Muhammad K, Adhi MI. Macular thickness by age and gender in healthy eyes using spectral domain optical coherence tomography. PLoS One 2012; 7:e37638. [PMID: 22629435 PMCID: PMC3357395 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine normal macular thickness and its variation by age and gender in healthy eyes using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Methods In this cross-sectional analysis, two hundred and twenty eyes of 220 healthy subjects underwent raster scanning using Topcon SD-OCT system, at the Department of Ophthalmology, Dow University of Health Sciences and Civil Hospital Karachi, Pakistan. Macular thickness from all 9 regions of the ETDRS map was documented for each subject. Variations in macular thickness measurements by age and gender were determined. Results The 220 subjects had a mean age of 45.3 years (16–80 years). Using the ETDRS map, foveal thickness for all subjects was measured to be 229±20.46 µm. Mean macular thickness for all subjects was 262.8±13.34 µm. Male gender was associated with greater foveal (p<0.0001) and mean macular (p<0.0001) thickness compared to females. There was no association of mean macular thickness (r2 = 0.01; p>0.05) and foveal thickness (r2 = 0.00004; p>0.05) with age. Conclusion We have provided normative data for macular thickness using Topcon SD-OCT system. Our results are comparable to some and vary from other reports using the similar OCT system. Our results suggest that male gender is associated with greater macular thickness, while macular thickness has no association with age in healthy eyes. This is the first normative data for macular thickness from Pakistan; benchmark for diagnosing and monitoring macular pathologies. The values obtained in this study may be useful for comparison with other populations, other SD-OCT systems and future imaging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehreen Adhi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dow University of Health Sciences and Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
- New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sumbul Aziz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dow University of Health Sciences and Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Muhammad
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dow University of Health Sciences and Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad I. Adhi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dow University of Health Sciences and Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
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Hameed U, Pan YB, Muhammad K, Afghan S, Iqbal J. Use of simple sequence repeat markers for DNA fingerprinting and diversity analysis of sugarcane (Saccharum spp) cultivars resistant and susceptible to red rot. Genet Mol Res 2012; 11:1195-204. [PMID: 22614346 DOI: 10.4238/2012.may.8.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Red rod is an economically important disease of sugarcane caused by the fungus Colletotrichum falcatum. We used a simple sequence repeat (SSR)-based marker system to identify and analyze genetic relationships of red rot resistant and susceptible sugarcane cultivars grown in Pakistan. Twenty-one highly polymorphic SSR markers were used for DNA fingerprinting and genetic diversity analysis of 20 sugarcane cultivars. These SSR markers were found to be highly robust; we identified 144 alleles, with 3-11 alleles per marker and a mean of 6.8. Three SSR markers were able to identify all 20 cultivars. DNAMAN(®)-generated homology tree was used to analyze genetic diversity among these cultivars; all cultivars shared 58% or more similarity. We correlated polymorphism information content and resolving power values with marker effectiveness in the process of sugarcane cultivar identification. We concluded that a small number of SSR-derived DNA markers will allow breeders to identify red rot resistant and susceptible cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Hameed
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Roll P, Muhammad K, Schumann M, Kleinert S, Tony HP. RF positivity has substantial influence on the peripheral memory B-cell compartment and its modulation by TNF inhibition. Scand J Rheumatol 2012; 41:180-5. [DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2011.645056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Kodali S, Kancharla PV, Naik SG, Sangal A, Rathnasabapathy C, Muhammad K, Berger B, He Z, Kalavar M. Cancer in patients with HIV infection: A new epidemiology. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.11108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Kabeir BM, Abd-Aziz S, Muhammad K, Shuhaimi M, Yazid AM. Growth of Bifidobacterium longum BB536 in medida (fermented cereal porridge) and their survival during refrigerated storage. Lett Appl Microbiol 2005; 41:125-31. [PMID: 16033508 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2005.01735.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To develop medida, a Sudanese fermented thin porridge as a probiotic dietary adjunct with high total solids. METHODS AND RESULTS Fifteen per cent brown rice flour of 2-day-old malted paddy and skim milk were used for formulation. Levels of 2.25, 4.5 and 10% of added skim milk were studied. The initial pH was 6.7 and fermentation was run to a final pH of 4.4 using culture of Bifidobacterium longum BB 536. The highest count of 9.9 +/- 0.07 log CFU ml(-1) was obtained with 10% of added skim milk. The total solids at this level was 21%, 11.1 times more compared with the traditionally prepared medida using un-malted brown rice. The viscosity was low and the flowing characteristic was stable. The final productions of lactic and acetic acids were 56.8 +/- 0.80 and 56.3 +/- 2.00 mumol ml(-1) respectively. The high ratio of acetate to lactate decreased as fermentation continues due to the increase in the rate of lactate production. Under refrigerated storage the count of B. longum BB 536 remained relatively stable during the first week (9.7 +/- 0.10 log CFU ml(-1)) then subsequently decreased by 0.9 log CFU ml(-1) in the following week. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study demonstrated that fermented medida made from malted brown rice is a suitable food system for the delivery of B. longum BB 536 with a relatively stable shelf life. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The present study is the first attempt to prepare fermented medida from malted flour with bifidobacteria having the highest total solids while still maintaining the flowing characteristics. Previous studies on medida did not go beyond the use of alpha amylase enzyme and pure lactic acid bacteria isolates from spontaneously fermented dough.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Kabeir
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Muhammad K, Ventura HO, Stapleton DD, Smart FW. Difficult cases in heart failure: Bridge to beta blockade in severe heart failure: the use of phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Congest Heart Fail 2000; 6:164-166. [PMID: 12029185 DOI: 10.1111/j.1527-5299.2000.80154.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The authors describe the use of milrinone as a bridge to beta blockade in a patient with severe heart failure. This case is clinically important because in patients with severe heart failure phosphodiesterase inhibitors, unlike beta agonists, will retain their positive inotropic and vasodilator effects in the presence of beta blockade and, in addition, these agents will attenuate the negative inotropic side effects of beta blockers. Conversely, a beta blocker associated with a phosphodiesterase inhibitor will protect against myocyte loss and arrhythmias, may prevent sudden death, and will improve long-term symptoms and exercise tolerance. This combination is being investigated in a large, multicenter, double-blind, randomized trial of intravenous milrinone vs. placebo as a therapeutic tool to allow the initiation of carvedilol orally in patients hospitalized with class III/IV heart failure. (c)2000 by CHF, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Muhammad
- Tulane University Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70112
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Muhammad K, Ventura HO, Stapleton DD, Smart FW. Difficult cases in heart failure: beneficial effects of aldosterone blockade in heart failure. Congest Heart Fail 2000; 6:115-117. [PMID: 12029197 DOI: 10.1111/j.1527-5299.2000.80143.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The authors describe the use of spironolactone, an aldosterone receptor blocker, in a patient with heart failure refractory to conventional therapy. The clinical importance of this case is that not only does spironolactone improve symptoms, but its use also improves survival in patients with severe heart failure. Clinicians should be aware that this therapy has to be added to the medical armamentarium for patients with severe heart failure. In addition, it is important to point out that the use of the aldosterone receptor blockers and their beneficial effects in morbidity and mortality in heart failure has helped to understand more clearly the relationship between aldosterone and its importance in the pathophysiology of heart failure. (c)2000 by CHF, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Muhammad
- Tulane University Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70112
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Muhammad K. Comparison of a competitive binding assay with Lactobacillus leichmannii A.T.C.C. 7830 assay for the determination of vitamin B12 in foods. Food Chem 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0308-8146(93)90331-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Muhammad K. The appropriateness of using cyanocobalamin as calibration standards in Lactobacillus leichmannii A.T.C.C. 7830 assay of vitamin B12. Food Chem 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0308-8146(93)90330-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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