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Isles HM, Loynes CA, Alasmari S, Kon FC, Henry KM, Kadochnikova A, Hales J, Muir CF, Keightley MC, Kadirkamanathan V, Hamilton N, Lieschke GJ, Renshaw SA, Elks PM. Pioneer neutrophils release chromatin within in vivo swarms. eLife 2021; 10:68755. [PMID: 34292151 PMCID: PMC8298094 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are rapidly recruited to inflammatory sites where their coordinated migration forms clusters, a process termed neutrophil swarming. The factors that modulate early stages of neutrophil swarming are not fully understood, requiring the development of new in vivo models. Using transgenic zebrafish larvae to study endogenous neutrophil migration in a tissue damage model, we demonstrate that neutrophil swarming is a conserved process in zebrafish immunity, sharing essential features with mammalian systems. We show that neutrophil swarms initially develop around an individual pioneer neutrophil. We observed the violent release of extracellular cytoplasmic and nuclear fragments by the pioneer and early swarming neutrophils. By combining in vitro and in vivo approaches to study essential components of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), we provide in-depth characterisation and high-resolution imaging of the composition and morphology of these release events. Using a photoconversion approach to track neutrophils within developing swarms, we identify that the fate of swarm-initiating pioneer neutrophils involves extracellular chromatin release and that the key NET components gasdermin, neutrophil elastase, and myeloperoxidase are required for the swarming process. Together our findings demonstrate that release of cellular components by pioneer neutrophils is an initial step in neutrophil swarming at sites of tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Isles
- The Bateson Centre and Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine A Loynes
- The Bateson Centre and Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Sultan Alasmari
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Fu Chuen Kon
- The Bateson Centre and Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine M Henry
- The Bateson Centre and Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Anastasia Kadochnikova
- Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Hales
- The Bateson Centre and Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Clare F Muir
- The Bateson Centre and Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Visakan Kadirkamanathan
- Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Noémie Hamilton
- The Bateson Centre and Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Graham J Lieschke
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Stephen A Renshaw
- The Bateson Centre and Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Philip M Elks
- The Bateson Centre and Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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2
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Foulkes MJ, Tolliday FH, Henry KM, Renshaw SA, Jones S. Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effects of synthesised tanshinone I and isotanshinone I analogues in zebrafish. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240231. [PMID: 33022012 PMCID: PMC7537861 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
During inflammation, dysregulated neutrophil behaviour can play a major role in a range of chronic inflammatory diseases, for many of which current treatments are generally ineffective. Recently, specific naturally occurring tanshinones have shown promising anti-inflammatory effects by targeting neutrophils in vivo, yet such tanshinones, and moreover, their isomeric isotanshinone counterparts, are still a largely underexplored class of compounds, both in terms of synthesis and biological effects. To explore the anti-inflammatory effects of isotanshinones, and the tanshinones more generally, a series of substituted tanshinone and isotanshinone analogues was synthesised, alongside other structurally similar molecules. Evaluation of these using a transgenic zebrafish model of neutrophilic inflammation revealed differential anti-inflammatory profiles in vivo, with a number of compounds exhibiting promising effects. Several compounds reduce initial neutrophil recruitment and/or promote resolution of neutrophilic inflammation, of which two also result in increased apoptosis of human neutrophils. In particular, the methoxy-substituted tanshinone 39 specifically accelerates resolution of inflammation without affecting the recruitment of neutrophils to inflammatory sites, making this a particularly attractive candidate for potential pro-resolution therapeutics, as well as a possible lead for future development of functionalised tanshinones as molecular tools and/or chemical probes. The structurally related β-lapachones promote neutrophil recruitment but do not affect resolution. We also observed notable differences in toxicity profiles between compound classes. Overall, we provide new insights into the in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of several novel tanshinones, isotanshinones, and structurally related compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Foulkes
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- The Bateson Centre, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Faith H. Tolliday
- The Bateson Centre, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine M. Henry
- The Bateson Centre, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen A. Renshaw
- The Bateson Centre, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Jones
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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3
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Rahman A, Henry KM, Herman KD, Thompson AA, Isles HM, Tulotta C, Sammut D, Rougeot JJ, Khoshaein N, Reese AE, Higgins K, Tabor C, Sabroe I, Zuercher WJ, Savage CO, Meijer AH, Whyte MK, Dockrell DH, Renshaw SA, Prince LR. Inhibition of ErbB kinase signalling promotes resolution of neutrophilic inflammation. eLife 2019; 8:50990. [PMID: 31613219 PMCID: PMC6839918 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophilic inflammation with prolonged neutrophil survival is common to many inflammatory conditions, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There are few specific therapies that reverse neutrophilic inflammation, but uncovering mechanisms regulating neutrophil survival is likely to identify novel therapeutic targets. Screening of 367 kinase inhibitors in human neutrophils and a zebrafish tail fin injury model identified ErbBs as common targets of compounds that accelerated inflammation resolution. The ErbB inhibitors gefitinib, CP-724714, erbstatin and tyrphostin AG825 significantly accelerated apoptosis of human neutrophils, including neutrophils from people with COPD. Neutrophil apoptosis was also increased in Tyrphostin AG825 treated-zebrafish in vivo. Tyrphostin AG825 decreased peritoneal inflammation in zymosan-treated mice, and increased lung neutrophil apoptosis and macrophage efferocytosis in a murine acute lung injury model. Tyrphostin AG825 and knockdown of egfra and erbb2 by CRISPR/Cas9 reduced inflammation in zebrafish. Our work shows that inhibitors of ErbB kinases have therapeutic potential in neutrophilic inflammatory disease. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (or COPD) is a serious condition that causes the lungs to become inflamed for long periods of time, leading to permanent damage of the airways. Immune cells known as neutrophils promote inflammation after an injury, or during an infection, to aid the healing process. However, if they are active for too long, they may also cause tissue damage and drive inflammatory diseases including COPD. To limit damage to the body, neutrophils usually have a very short lifespan and die by a regulated process known as apoptosis. Finding ways to stimulate apoptosis in neutrophils may be key to developing better treatments for inflammatory diseases. Cells contain many enzymes known as kinases that control apoptosis and other cell processes. Drugs that inhibit specific kinases are effective treatments for some types of cancer and other conditions, and new kinase-inhibiting drugs are currently being developed. However, it remains unclear which kinases regulate apoptosis in neutrophils or which kinase-inhibiting drugs may have the potential to treat COPD and other inflammatory diseases. To address these questions, Rahman et al. tested over 350 kinase-inhibiting drugs to identify ones that promote apoptosis in neutrophils. The experiments showed that human neutrophils treated with drugs that inhibit the ErbB family of kinases died by apoptosis more quickly than untreated neutrophils. Next, Rahman et al. used zebrafish with injured tail fins as models to study inflammation. Zebrafish treated with one of these drugs – known as Tyrphostin AG825 – had lower levels of inflammation and their neutrophils underwent apoptosis more frequently than untreated zebrafish. Since drugs can have off-target effects, Rahman et al. went on to show using gene-editing technology that reducing the activity of two genes that encode ErbB kinases in zebrafish also decreased the levels of inflammation in the fish. Further experiments used mice that develop inflammation in the lungs similar to COPD in humans. As expected, neutrophils in the lungs of mice treated with Tyrphostin AG825 underwent apoptosis more frequently than those in untreated mice. These dead neutrophils were effectively cleared by other immune cells called macrophages, which also helps limit damage caused by neutrophils. Together, these findings show that Tyrphostin AG825 and other drugs that inhibit ErbB kinases help to reduce inflammation by promoting the death of neutrophils. Since several of these drugs are already used to treat human cancers, it may be possible in the future to repurpose them for use in people with COPD and other long-term inflammatory diseases. Determining whether this is possible is an aim for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiqur Rahman
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Katherine M Henry
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.,The Bateson Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Kimberly D Herman
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.,The Bateson Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Alfred Ar Thompson
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah M Isles
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.,The Bateson Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Tulotta
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.,The Bateson Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - David Sammut
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nika Khoshaein
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Abigail E Reese
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Kathryn Higgins
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Tabor
- The Bateson Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Sabroe
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - William J Zuercher
- SGC-UNC, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Caroline O Savage
- Immuno-Inflammation Therapy Area Unit, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development Ltd, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | | | - Moira Kb Whyte
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - David H Dockrell
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.,MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen A Renshaw
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.,The Bateson Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Lynne R Prince
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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4
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Robertson AL, Ogryzko NV, Henry KM, Loynes CA, Foulkes MJ, Meloni MM, Wang X, Ford C, Jackson M, Ingham PW, Wilson HL, Farrow SN, Solari R, Flower RJ, Jones S, Whyte MKB, Renshaw SA. Identification of benzopyrone as a common structural feature in compounds with anti-inflammatory activity in a zebrafish phenotypic screen. Dis Model Mech 2016; 9:621-32. [PMID: 27079522 PMCID: PMC4920152 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.024935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are essential for host defence and are recruited to sites of inflammation in response to tissue injury or infection. For inflammation to resolve, these cells must be cleared efficiently and in a controlled manner, either by apoptosis or reverse migration. If the inflammatory response is not well-regulated, persistent neutrophils can cause damage to host tissues and contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases, which respond poorly to current treatments. It is therefore important to develop drug discovery strategies that can identify new therapeutics specifically targeting neutrophils, either by promoting their clearance or by preventing their recruitment. Our recent in vivo chemical genetic screen for accelerators of inflammation resolution identified a subset of compounds sharing a common chemical signature, the bicyclic benzopyrone rings. Here, we further investigate the mechanisms of action of the most active of this chemical series, isopimpinellin, in our zebrafish model of neutrophilic inflammation. We found that this compound targets both the recruitment and resolution phases of the inflammatory response. Neutrophil migration towards a site of injury is reduced by isopimpinellin and this occurs as a result of PI3K inhibition. We also show that isopimpinellin induces neutrophil apoptosis to drive inflammation resolution in vivo using a new zebrafish reporter line detecting in vivo neutrophil caspase-3 activity and allowing quantification of flux through the apoptotic pathway in real time. Finally, our studies reveal that clinically available ‘cromones’ are structurally related to isopimpinellin and have previously undescribed pro-resolution activity in vivo. These findings could have implications for the therapeutic use of benzopyrones in inflammatory disease. Summary: Zebrafish inflammation screen identifies a new series of structurally related compounds with combined anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution activity, and reveals a previously unknown mechanism of action of clinical cromones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne L Robertson
- The Bateson Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115 MA, USA
| | - Nikolay V Ogryzko
- The Bateson Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Katherine M Henry
- The Bateson Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Catherine A Loynes
- The Bateson Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Matthew J Foulkes
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Marco M Meloni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Xingang Wang
- Wishtech Medical Technology, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, China
| | - Christopher Ford
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 9TX, UK MRC Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 9TX, UK
| | - Malcolm Jackson
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 9TX, UK MRC Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 9TX, UK
| | - Philip W Ingham
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Heather L Wilson
- The Bateson Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Stuart N Farrow
- Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Roberto Solari
- Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1NY, UK
| | - Roderick J Flower
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Simon Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Moira K B Whyte
- MRC/UoE Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Stephen A Renshaw
- The Bateson Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK MRC Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 9TX, UK
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5
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Schiebler M, Brown K, Hegyi K, Newton SM, Renna M, Hepburn L, Klapholz C, Coulter S, Obregón-Henao A, Henao Tamayo M, Basaraba R, Kampmann B, Henry KM, Burgon J, Renshaw SA, Fleming A, Kay RR, Anderson KE, Hawkins PT, Ordway DJ, Rubinsztein DC, Floto RA. Functional drug screening reveals anticonvulsants as enhancers of mTOR-independent autophagic killing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis through inositol depletion. EMBO Mol Med 2015; 7:127-39. [PMID: 25535254 PMCID: PMC4328644 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201404137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) remains a major challenge to global health made worse by the spread of multidrug resistance. We therefore examined whether stimulating intracellular killing of mycobacteria through pharmacological enhancement of macroautophagy might provide a novel therapeutic strategy. Despite the resistance of MTB to killing by basal autophagy, cell-based screening of FDA-approved drugs revealed two anticonvulsants, carbamazepine and valproic acid, that were able to stimulate autophagic killing of intracellular M. tuberculosis within primary human macrophages at concentrations achievable in humans. Using a zebrafish model, we show that carbamazepine can stimulate autophagy in vivo and enhance clearance of M. marinum, while in mice infected with a highly virulent multidrug-resistant MTB strain, carbamazepine treatment reduced bacterial burden, improved lung pathology and stimulated adaptive immunity. We show that carbamazepine induces antimicrobial autophagy through a novel, evolutionarily conserved, mTOR-independent pathway controlled by cellular depletion of myo-inositol. While strain-specific differences in susceptibility to in vivo carbamazepine treatment may exist, autophagy enhancement by repurposed drugs provides an easily implementable potential therapy for the treatment of multidrug-resistant mycobacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Schiebler
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Karen Brown
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Cambridge Centre for Lung Infection, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Krisztina Hegyi
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sandra M Newton
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Allergy, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Maurizio Renna
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lucy Hepburn
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Catherine Klapholz
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah Coulter
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andres Obregón-Henao
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Marcela Henao Tamayo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Randall Basaraba
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Beate Kampmann
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Allergy, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Katherine M Henry
- Department of Infection and Immunity, University of Sheffield Western Bank, Sheffield, UK
| | - Joseph Burgon
- Department of Infection and Immunity, University of Sheffield Western Bank, Sheffield, UK
| | - Stephen A Renshaw
- Department of Infection and Immunity, University of Sheffield Western Bank, Sheffield, UK
| | - Angeleen Fleming
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Robert R Kay
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Karen E Anderson
- The Inositide Laboratory, Babraham Institute Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Phillip T Hawkins
- The Inositide Laboratory, Babraham Institute Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Diane J Ordway
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - David C Rubinsztein
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rodrigo Andres Floto
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Cambridge Centre for Lung Infection, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Henry KM, Pase L, Ramos-Lopez CF, Lieschke GJ, Renshaw SA, Reyes-Aldasoro CC. PhagoSight: an open-source MATLAB® package for the analysis of fluorescent neutrophil and macrophage migration in a zebrafish model. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72636. [PMID: 24023630 PMCID: PMC3758287 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil migration in zebrafish larvae is increasingly used as a model to study the response of these leukocytes to different determinants of the cellular inflammatory response. However, it remains challenging to extract comprehensive information describing the behaviour of neutrophils from the multi-dimensional data sets acquired with widefield or confocal microscopes. Here, we describe PhagoSight, an open-source software package for the segmentation, tracking and visualisation of migrating phagocytes in three dimensions. The algorithms in PhagoSight extract a large number of measurements that summarise the behaviour of neutrophils, but that could potentially be applied to any moving fluorescent cells. To derive a useful panel of variables quantifying aspects of neutrophil migratory behaviour, and to demonstrate the utility of PhagoSight, we evaluated changes in the volume of migrating neutrophils. Cell volume increased as neutrophils migrated towards the wound region of injured zebrafish. PhagoSight is openly available as MATLAB® m-files under the GNU General Public License. Synthetic data sets and a comprehensive user manual are available from http://www.phagosight.org.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M. Henry
- MRC Centre for Developmental and Biomedical Genetics, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Luke Pase
- Cancer and Haematology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | | | - Graham J. Lieschke
- Cancer and Haematology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Stephen A. Renshaw
- MRC Centre for Developmental and Biomedical Genetics, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Constantino Carlos Reyes-Aldasoro
- Biomedical Engineering Research Group, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom
- Information Engineering and Medical Imaging Group, City University London, London, United Kingdom
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Abstract
To understand inflammation and immunity, we need to understand the biology of the neutrophil. Whereas these cells can readily be extracted from peripheral blood, their short lifespan makes genetic manipulations impractical. Murine knockout models have been highly informative, and new imaging techniques are allowing neutrophils to be seen during inflammation in vivo for the first time. However, there is a place for a new model of neutrophil biology, which readily permits imaging of individual neutrophils during inflammation in vivo, combined with the ease of genetic and chemical manipulation. The zebrafish has long been the model of choice for the developmental biology community, and the availability of genomic resources and tools for gene manipulation makes this an attractive model. Zebrafish innate immunity shares many features with mammalian systems, including neutrophils with morphological, biochemical, and functional features, also shared with mammalian neutrophils. Transgenic zebrafish with neutrophils specifically labeled with fluorescent proteins have been generated, and this advance has led to the adoption of zebrafish, alongside existing models, by a number of groups around the world. The use of these models has underpinned a number of key advances in the field, including the identification of a tissue gradient of hydrogen peroxide for neutrophil recruitment following tissue injury and direct evidence for reverse migration as a regulatable mechanism of inflammation resolution. In this review, we discuss the importance of zebrafish models in neutrophil biology and describe how the understanding of neutrophil biology has been advanced by the use of these models.
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Ekiri AB, MacKay RJ, Gaskin JM, Freeman DE, House AM, Giguère S, Troedsson MR, Schuman CD, von Chamier MM, Henry KM, Hernandez JA. Epidemiologic analysis of nosocomial Salmonella infections in hospitalized horses. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2009; 234:108-19. [PMID: 19119974 DOI: 10.2460/javma.234.1.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between abdominal surgery and nosocomial Salmonella infections and the relationship between high caseload in combination with abdominal surgery and nosocomial Salmonella infections in hospitalized horses with signs of gastrointestinal tract disease. ANIMALS 140 horses. DESIGN Case-control study. PROCEDURES To accomplish the first objective, 1 to 4 control horses were matched with each nosocomial case horse on the basis of admission date of a primary case horse. The frequency of abdominal surgery and other investigated exposure factors were compared between nosocomial case horses and control horses. For the second objective, 4 control horses were matched with each nosocomial case horse on the basis of year of admission. The frequency of high caseload (>or=26 inpatients), abdominal surgery, and other factors was compared between nosocomial case horses and control horses. RESULTS The odds of nosocomial Salmonella infection were 8 times as high (odds ratio=8.2; 95% confidence interval=1.11, 60.24) in horses that underwent abdominal surgery, compared with the odds for horses that did not undergo surgery. High caseload alone or in combination with abdominal surgery was not associated with increased risk of nosocomial Salmonella infection. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Abdominal surgery was identified as a risk factor for nosocomial Salmonella infections in horses. Horses that undergo abdominal surgery require enhanced infection control and preventative care. Risk of nosocomial Salmonella infections may be reduced by implementation of biosecurity measures (such as the use of plastic boots, gloves, and footbaths) immediately after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel B Ekiri
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610-0136, USA
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Abstract
Rickettsia typhi and R. felis, etiologic agents of murine typhus and fleaborne spotted fever, respectively, were detected in Oriental rat fleas (Xenopsylla cheopis) collected from rodents and shrews in Java, Indonesia. We describe the first evidence of R. felis in Indonesia and naturally occurring R. felis in Oriental rat fleas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Jiang
- US Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
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10
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Jiang J, Soeatmadji DW, Henry KM, Ratiwayanto S, Bangs MJ, Richards AL. Rickettsia felis inXenopsylla cheopis, Java, Indonesia. Emerg Infect Dis 2006. [DOI: 10.3201/eid1708.060327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Henry KM, Jiang J, Rozmajzl PJ, Azad AF, Macaluso KR, Richards AL. Development of quantitative real-time PCR assays to detect Rickettsia typhi and Rickettsia felis, the causative agents of murine typhus and flea-borne spotted fever. Mol Cell Probes 2006; 21:17-23. [PMID: 16893625 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2006.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2006] [Accepted: 06/28/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Rickettsia typhi and Rickettsia felis are the etiologic agents of murine typhus and flea-borne spotted fever, respectively. We have constructed two quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays to detect these pathogenic rickettsiae. The qPCR assays were developed utilizing unique sequences of the R. typhi and R. felis outer membrane protein B genes (ompB) to design the specific primers and molecular beacon probes. The assays were found to be species-specific and did not yield false-positive reactions with nucleic acid from other rickettsiae, orientiae, neorickettsiae or unrelated bacteria. In addition, the assays were sensitive enough to detect three target sequence copies per reaction and were capable of detecting R. typhi and R. felis nucleic acid in the cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis. These results demonstrate that two sensitive and specific qPCR assays have been successfully developed to detect and enumerate R. typhi and R. felis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M Henry
- Rickettsial Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910-7500, USA
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Henry
- The National Institute for Research in Dairying, University of Reading
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Henry
- The National Institute for Research in Dairying, University of Reading
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14
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Booth RG, Henry KM, Kon SK. A study of the antirachitic effect of fat on rats receiving high calcium-low phosphorus rachitogenic diets. Biochem J 2006; 36:445-55. [PMID: 16747546 PMCID: PMC1265720 DOI: 10.1042/bj0360445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R G Booth
- The National Institute for Research in Dairying, University of Reading
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Henry
- The National Institute for Research in Dairying, University of Reading
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Kon
- The National Institute for Research in Dairying, University of Reading
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Henry
- The National Institute for Research in Dairying, University of Reading
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- T F Macrae
- The R.A.F. Institute of Pathology and Tropical Medicine and the National Institute for Research in Dairying, University of Reading
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- R Braude
- The National Institute for Research in Dairying, University of Reading, and the Research Laboratories, The British Drug Houses Ltd., London, N. 1
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20
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Henry KM, Kon SK. The retention of calcium and phosphorus by the rat from wholemeal bread, with and without added calcium, and from white bread fortified with calcium and vitamin B(1). Biochem J 2006; 39:117-22. [PMID: 16747869 PMCID: PMC1258184 DOI: 10.1042/bj0390117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K M Henry
- The National Institute for Research in Dairying, University of Reading
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21
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Bartlett S, Henry KM, Kon SK, Osborne LW, Thompson SY, Tinsley J. The effect of different methods of drying on the biological value and digestibility of the proteins and on the carotene content of grass. Biochem J 2006; 32:2024-30. [PMID: 16746842 PMCID: PMC1264289 DOI: 10.1042/bj0322024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Bartlett
- The National Institute for Research in Dairying, University of Reading
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22
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Henry KM, Kon SA. Studies on the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus and on the availability of these elements from milk and from an inorganic source. Biochem J 2006; 33:173-91. [PMID: 16746896 PMCID: PMC1264355 DOI: 10.1042/bj0330173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K M Henry
- The National Institute for Research in Dairying, University of Reading
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Campion
- The National Institute for Research in Dairying, University of Reading
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Henry
- National Institute for Research in Dairying, University of Reading
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27
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Greiner TC, Burns CP, Dick FR, Henry KM, Mahmood I. Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II diagnosed in a 69-year-old patient with iron overload. Am J Clin Pathol 1992; 98:522-5. [PMID: 1485605 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/98.5.522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II is a rare disorder that is often diagnosed in patients before age 20 years. Patients with this disorder, which is also called hereditary erythroblastic multinuclearity associated with a positive acidified serum lysis test, may have symptoms of iron overload. The purpose of this case report is to alert physicians to consider the diagnosis of congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II in elderly patients who have anemia and iron overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Greiner
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City
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Bacharach AL, Cruickshank EM, Henry KM, Kon SK, Lovern JA, Moore T, Morton RA. The Herring as Source of Vitamins A and D. Br Med J 1942; 2:691-3. [PMID: 20784582 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.4275.691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Kon
- The National Institute for Research in Dairying, University of Reading
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