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Takada R, Toritsuka M, Yamauchi T, Ishida R, Kayashima Y, Nishi Y, Ishikawa M, Yamamuro K, Ikehara M, Komori T, Noriyama Y, Kamikawa K, Saito Y, Okano H, Makinodan M. Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor-induced macrophages of individuals with autism spectrum disorder adversely affect neuronal dendrites through the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Mol Autism 2024; 15:10. [PMID: 38383466 PMCID: PMC10882766 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-024-00589-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of evidence suggests that immune dysfunction and inflammation in the peripheral tissues as well as the central nervous system are associated with the neurodevelopmental deficits observed in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Elevated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the plasma, serum, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of ASD has been reported. These cytokine expression levels are associated with the severity of behavioral impairments and symptoms in ASD. In a prior study, our group reported that tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-induced macrophages (GM-CSF MΦ) and the TNF-α expression ratio in GM-CSF MΦ/M-CSF MΦ (macrophage colony-stimulating factor-induced macrophages) was markedly higher in individuals with ASD than in typically developed (TD) individuals. However, the mechanisms of how the macrophages and the highly expressed cytokines affect neurons remain to be addressed. METHODS To elucidate the effect of macrophages on human neurons, we used a co-culture system of control human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons and differentiated macrophages obtained from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of five TD individuals and five individuals with ASD. All participants were male and ethnically Japanese. RESULTS Our results of co-culture experiments showed that GM-CSF MΦ affect the dendritic outgrowth of neurons through the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1α and TNF-α. Macrophages derived from individuals with ASD exerted more severe effects than those derived from TD individuals. LIMITATIONS The main limitations of our study were the small sample size with a gender bias toward males, the use of artificially polarized macrophages, and the inability to directly observe the interaction between neurons and macrophages from the same individuals. CONCLUSIONS Our co-culture system revealed the non-cell autonomous adverse effects of GM-CSF MΦ in individuals with ASD on neurons, mediated by interleukin-1α and TNF-α. These results may support the immune dysfunction hypothesis of ASD, providing new insights into its pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Takada
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Michihiro Toritsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Takahira Yamauchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Rio Ishida
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kayashima
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yuki Nishi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Ishikawa
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Minobu Ikehara
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Takashi Komori
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yuki Noriyama
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Kohei Kamikawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Saito
- Department of Neurophysiology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
- Osaka Psychiatric Research Center, 3-16-21 Miyanosaka, Hirakata City, Osaka, 573-0022, Japan
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Komori T, Okamura K, Ikehara M, Yamamuro K, Endo N, Okumura K, Yamauchi T, Ikawa D, Ouji-Sageshima N, Toritsuka M, Takada R, Kayashima Y, Ishida R, Mori Y, Kamikawa K, Noriyama Y, Nishi Y, Ito T, Saito Y, Nishi M, Kishimoto T, Tanaka KF, Hiroi N, Makinodan M. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor from microglia regulates neuronal development in the medial prefrontal cortex and its associated social behavior. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02413-y. [PMID: 38243072 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02413-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Microglia and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are essential for the neuroplasticity that characterizes critical developmental periods. The experience-dependent development of social behaviors-associated with the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)-has a critical period during the juvenile period in mice. However, whether microglia and BDNF affect social development remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the effects of microglia-derived BDNF on social behaviors and mPFC development. Mice that underwent social isolation during p21-p35 had increased Bdnf in the microglia accompanied by reduced adulthood sociability. Additionally, transgenic mice overexpressing microglial Bdnf-regulated using doxycycline at different time points-underwent behavioral, electrophysiological, and gene expression analyses. In these mice, long-term overexpression of microglial BDNF impaired sociability and excessive mPFC inhibitory neuronal circuit activity. However, administering doxycycline to normalize BDNF from p21 normalized sociability and electrophysiological function in the mPFC, whereas normalizing BDNF from later ages (p45-p50) did not normalize electrophysiological abnormalities in the mPFC, despite the improved sociability. To evaluate the possible role of BDNF in human sociability, we analyzed the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and BDNF expression in human macrophages, a possible proxy for microglia. Results show that adverse childhood experiences positively correlated with BDNF expression in M2 but not M1 macrophages. In summary, our study demonstrated the influence of microglial BDNF on the development of experience-dependent social behaviors in mice, emphasizing its specific impact on the maturation of mPFC function, particularly during the juvenile period. Furthermore, our results propose a translational implication by suggesting a potential link between BDNF secretion from macrophages and childhood experiences in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Komori
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Kazuya Okamura
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Minobu Ikehara
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Nozomi Endo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Kazuki Okumura
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Takahira Yamauchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ikawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | | | - Michihiro Toritsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Ryohei Takada
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kayashima
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Rio Ishida
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Yuki Mori
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Kohei Kamikawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Yuki Noriyama
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Yuki Nishi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Ito
- Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Saito
- Department of Neurophysiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Mayumi Nishi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Kenji F Tanaka
- Division of Brain Sciences, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Noboru Hiroi
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan.
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3
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Makinodan M, Komori T, Okamura K, Ikehara M, Yamamuro K, Endo N, Okumura K, Yamauchi T, Ikawa D, Ouji-Sageshima N, Toritsuka M, Takada R, Kayashima Y, Ishida R, Mori Y, Kamikawa K, Noriyama Y, Nishi Y, Ito T, Saito Y, Nishi M, Kishimoto T, Tanaka K, Hiroi N. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor from microglia regulates neuronal development in the medial prefrontal cortex and its associated social behavior. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-3094335. [PMID: 37461488 PMCID: PMC10350236 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3094335/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Microglia and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are essential for the neuroplasticity that characterizes critical developmental periods. The experience-dependent development of social behaviors-associated with the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)-has a critical period during the juvenile period in mice. However, whether microglia and BDNF affect social development remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the effects of microglia-derived BDNF on social behaviors and mPFC development. Mice that underwent social isolation during p21-p35 had increased Bdnf in the microglia accompanied by reduced adulthood sociability. Additionally, transgenic mice overexpressing microglia Bdnf-regulated using doxycycline at different time points-underwent behavioral, electrophysiological, and gene expression analyses. In these mice, long-term overexpression of microglia BDNF impaired sociability and excessive mPFC inhibitory neuronal circuit activity. However, administration of doxycycline to normalize BDNF from p21 normalized sociability and electrophysiological functions; this was not observed when BDNF was normalized from a later age (p45-p50). To evaluate the possible role of BDNF in human sociability, we analyzed the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and BDNF expression in human macrophages, a possible substitute for microglia. Results show that adverse childhood experiences positively correlated with BDNF expression in M2 but not M1 macrophages. Thus, microglia BDNF might regulate sociability and mPFC maturation in mice during the juvenile period. Furthermore, childhood experiences in humans may be related to BDNF secretion from macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - T Ito
- Keio University School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | - Noboru Hiroi
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
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4
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Okamura K, Yoshino H, Ogawa Y, Yamamuro K, Kimoto S, Yamaguchi Y, Nishihata Y, Ikehara M, Makinodan M, Saito Y, Kishimoto T. Juvenile social isolation immediately affects the synaptic activity and firing property of fast-spiking parvalbumin-expressing interneuron subtype in mouse medial prefrontal cortex. Cereb Cortex 2022; 33:3591-3606. [PMID: 35945688 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A lack of juvenile social experience causes various behavioral impairments and brain dysfunction, especially in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Our previous studies revealed that juvenile social isolation for 2 weeks immediately after weaning affects the synaptic inputs and intrinsic excitability of fast-spiking parvalbumin-expressing (FSPV) interneurons as well as a specific type of layer 5 (L5) pyramidal cells, which we termed prominent h-current (PH) cells, in the mPFC. However, since these changes were observed at the adult age of postnatal day 65 (P65), the primary cause of these changes to neurons immediately after juvenile social isolation (postnatal day 35) remains unknown. Here, we investigated the immediate effects of juvenile social isolation on the excitability and synaptic inputs of PH pyramidal cells and FSPV interneurons at P35 using whole-cell patch-clamp recording. We observed that excitatory inputs to FSPV interneurons increased immediately after juvenile social isolation. We also found that juvenile social isolation increases the firing reactivity of a subtype of FSPV interneurons, whereas only a fractional effect was detected in PH pyramidal cells. These findings suggest that juvenile social isolation primarily disturbs the developmental rebuilding of circuits involving FSPV interneurons and eventually affects the circuits involving PH pyramidal cells in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Okamura
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yoshino
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan.,Mie Prefectural Mental Medical Center, Tsu, Mie 514-0818, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ogawa
- Department of Neurophysiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Sohei Kimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Wakayama Medical University, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Yasunari Yamaguchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Wakayama Medical University, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Yosuke Nishihata
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Minobu Ikehara
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Saito
- Department of Neurophysiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
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5
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Toritsuka M, Yoshino H, Makinodan M, Ikawa D, Kimoto S, Yamamuro K, Okamura K, Akamatsu W, Okada Y, Matsumoto T, Hashimoto K, Ogawa Y, Saito Y, Watanabe K, Aoki C, Takada R, Fukami SI, Hamano-Iwasa K, Okano H, Kishimoto T. Developmental dysregulation of excitatory-to-inhibitory GABA-polarity switch may underlie schizophrenia pathology: A monozygotic-twin discordant case analysis in human iPS cell-derived neurons. Neurochem Int 2021; 150:105179. [PMID: 34500023 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a major psychiatric disorder, but the molecular mechanisms leading to its initiation or progression remain unclear. To elucidate the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, we used an in vitro neuronal cell culture model involving human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) derived from a monozygotic-twin discordant schizophrenia pair. The cultured neurons differentiated from hiPSCs were composed of a mixture of glutamatergic excitatory neurons and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic inhibitory neurons. In the electrophysiological analysis, a different pattern of spontaneous neuronal activity was observed under the condition without any stimulants. The frequency of spontaneous excitatory post-synaptic currents (sEPSCs) was significantly higher in the hiPSC-derived neurons of the patient with schizophrenia than in the control sibling at day-in-vitro 30. However, the synaptic formation was not different between the patient with schizophrenia and the control sibling during the same culture period. To explain underlying mechanisms of higher excitability of presynaptic cells, we focused on the potassium-chloride co-transporter KCC2, which contributes to excitatory-to-inhibitory GABA polarity switch in developing neurons. We also revealed the altered expression pattern of KCC2 in hiPSC-derived neurons from the patient with schizophrenia, which could contribute to understanding the pathology of schizophrenia in the developing nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michihiro Toritsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Yoshino
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ikawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan; Sakai Municipal Mental Health Center, 4-3-1 Asahigaoka-naka-machi, Sakai-ku, Sakai-shi, Osaka, 590-0808, Japan
| | - Sohei Kimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Kazuya Okamura
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Wado Akamatsu
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan; Center for Genomic and Regenerative Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Yohei Okada
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan; Department of Neurology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Takuya Matsumoto
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kazumichi Hashimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Tenri Hospital Shirakawa Branch, 604 Iwaya-cho, Tenri, Nara, 632-0003, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ogawa
- Department of Neurophysiology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Saito
- Department of Neurophysiology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Watanabe
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Chieko Aoki
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Ryohei Takada
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Fukami
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Kaori Hamano-Iwasa
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
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Yamauchi T, Makinodan M, Toritsuka M, Okumura K, Kayashima Y, Ishida R, Kishimoto N, Takahashi M, Komori T, Yamaguchi Y, Takada R, Yamamuro K, Kimoto S, Yasuda Y, Hashimoto R, Kishimoto T. Tumor necrosis factor-α expression aberration of M1/M2 macrophages in adult high-functioning autism spectrum disorder. Autism Res 2021; 14:2330-2341. [PMID: 34374213 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is complex, and its pathobiology is characterized by enhanced inflammatory activities; however, the precise pathobiology and underlying causes of ASD remain unclear. This study was performed to identify inflammatory indicators useful for diagnosing ASD. The mRNA expression of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), was measured in cultured M1 and M2 macrophages from patients with ASD (n = 29) and typically developed (TD) individuals (n = 30). Additionally, TNF-α expression in the monocytes of patients with ASD (n = 7), showing aberrations in TNF-α expression in M1/M2 macrophages and TD individuals (n = 6), was measured. TNF-α expression in M1 macrophages and the TNF-α expression ratio in M1/M2 macrophages were markedly higher in patients with ASD than in TD individuals; however, this increase was not observed in M2 macrophages (M1: sensitivity = 34.5%, specificity = 96.7%, area under the curve = 0.74, positive likelihood ratio = 10.34; ratio of M1/M2: sensitivity = 55.2%, specificity = 96.7%, area under the curve = 0.79, positive likelihood ratio = 16.55). Additionally, TNF-α expression in monocytes did not significantly differ between patients with ASD and TD individuals. In conclusion, further studies on TNF-α expression in cultured macrophages may improve the understanding of ASD pathobiology. LAY SUMMARY: TNF-α expression in differentiated M1 macrophages and TNF-α expression ratio in differentiated M1/M2 macrophages were markedly higher in patients with ASD than in TD individuals, while no difference in TNF-α expression was found in pre-differentiation cells such as monocytes. These measurements allow elucidation of the novel pathobiology of ASD and can contribute to biomarker implementation for the diagnosis of adult high-functioning ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahira Yamauchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Michihiro Toritsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Kazuki Okumura
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kayashima
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Rio Ishida
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Naoko Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Masato Takahashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Takashi Komori
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Yasunari Yamaguchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Ryohei Takada
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Sohei Kimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Yuka Yasuda
- Life Grow Brilliant Mental Clinic, Medical Corporation Foster, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Hashimoto
- Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
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7
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Ota T, Yamamuro K, Okazaki K, Kishimoto T. Evaluating Guanfacine Hydrochloride in the Treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Adult Patients: Design, Development and Place in Therapy. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:1965-1969. [PMID: 34007156 PMCID: PMC8123957 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s221126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by age-inappropriate and impairing levels of inattention, hyperactivity, or impulsivity, or a combination of these characteristics. It is estimated to affect around 4% of adults worldwide. In the past few decades, prescriptions for ADHD drugs (psychostimulants and non-psychostimulants) have increased significantly. However, the efficacy and safety of adult ADHD medications remains controversial. Guanfacine extended-release (GXR) is a non-psychostimulant ADHD drug that is a selective α2A-adrenergic receptor agonist, first approved for treatment of adult ADHD in Japan in June 2019. Our aim was to provide an overview of GXR pharmacology and review the studies on efficacy and safety that have been conducted in adults with ADHD. The beneficial actions of guanfacine are thought to be attributed to the strengthening of prefrontal cortical network connections, which regulate attention, emotion, and behavior via the activity at post-synaptic α2A receptors. Current evidence of GXR efficacy and safety suggests that GXR is an effective monotherapy treatment option for adults with ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toyosaku Ota
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.,Faculty of Nursing, School of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | | | - Kosuke Okazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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8
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Norman KJ, Riceberg JS, Koike H, Bateh J, McCraney SE, Caro K, Kato D, Liang A, Yamamuro K, Flanigan ME, Kam K, Falk EN, Brady DM, Cho C, Sadahiro M, Yoshitake K, Maccario P, Demars MP, Waltrip L, Varga AW, Russo SJ, Baxter MG, Shapiro ML, Rudebeck PH, Morishita H. Post-error recruitment of frontal sensory cortical projections promotes attention in mice. Neuron 2021; 109:1202-1213.e5. [PMID: 33609483 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The frontal cortex, especially the anterior cingulate cortex area (ACA), is essential for exerting cognitive control after errors, but the mechanisms that enable modulation of attention to improve performance after errors are poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that during a mouse visual attention task, ACA neurons projecting to the visual cortex (VIS; ACAVIS neurons) are recruited selectively by recent errors. Optogenetic manipulations of this pathway collectively support the model that rhythmic modulation of ACAVIS neurons in anticipation of visual stimuli is crucial for adjusting performance following errors. 30-Hz optogenetic stimulation of ACAVIS neurons in anesthetized mice recapitulates the increased gamma and reduced theta VIS oscillatory changes that are associated with endogenous post-error performance during behavior and subsequently increased visually evoked spiking, a hallmark feature of visual attention. This frontal sensory neural circuit links error monitoring with implementing adjustments of attention to guide behavioral adaptation, pointing to a circuit-based mechanism for promoting cognitive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Norman
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Justin S Riceberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Koike
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Julia Bateh
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sarah E McCraney
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Keaven Caro
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Daisuke Kato
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ana Liang
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Meghan E Flanigan
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Korey Kam
- Mount Sinai Integrative Sleep Center, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Elisa N Falk
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Daniel M Brady
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Christina Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Masato Sadahiro
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kohei Yoshitake
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Priscilla Maccario
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Michael P Demars
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Leah Waltrip
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Andrew W Varga
- Mount Sinai Integrative Sleep Center, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Scott J Russo
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Mark G Baxter
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Matthew L Shapiro
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA; Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Peter H Rudebeck
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Hirofumi Morishita
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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9
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Okazaki K, Ota T, Makinodan M, Kishimoto N, Yamamuro K, Ishida R, Takahashi M, Yasuda Y, Hashimoto R, Iida J, Kishimoto T. Associations of childhood experiences with event-related potentials in adults with autism spectrum disorder. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13447. [PMID: 32778726 PMCID: PMC7417533 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70409-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood maltreatment is defined as experiencing of physical, emotional and sexual abuse and neglect in childhood. Maltreatment in childhood leads to substantial psychosocial problems later in life in the general population. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have a higher risk of experiencing stressful and traumatic events, such as maltreatment, during childhood. Although childhood maltreatment reportedly leads to psychosocial problems in adults with ASD, the biological associations between childhood experiences and brain function in this population remain understudied. Here, we evaluated the relationships between childhood experiences and event-related potential (ERP) components during the auditory odd-ball task in adults with ASD (N = 21) and typically developed (TD) individuals (N = 22). We found that the higher the severity of sexual abuse, the larger the amplitude of P300 at Fz, Cz, C3, and C4 in individuals with ASD. Conversely, the severity of child maltreatment was associated with P300 latency at Cz and C3 in TD individuals. Moreover, full IQ was significantly associated with the MMN amplitude at Fz, Cz, C3, and C4 in TD individuals. These findings provide the first evidence that ERPs could be used to study the impacts childhood experiences on the brain of individuals with ASD and that childhood sexual abuse has salient impacts on brain function in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Okazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Toyosaku Ota
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Naoko Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Rio Ishida
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Masato Takahashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yuka Yasuda
- Life Grow Brilliant Mental Clinic, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Pathology of Mental Disease, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Hashimoto
- Department of Pathology of Mental Disease, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.,Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junzo Iida
- Faculty of Nursing, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
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10
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Nakagawa K, Yoshino H, Ogawa Y, Yamamuro K, Kimoto S, Noriyama Y, Makinodan M, Yamashita M, Saito Y, Kishimoto T. Maternal Immune Activation Affects Hippocampal Excitatory and Inhibitory Synaptic Transmission in Offspring From an Early Developmental Period to Adulthood. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:241. [PMID: 32903758 PMCID: PMC7438877 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the risk factors for schizophrenia is maternal infection. We have previously shown that Polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid (poly I:C) induced maternal immune activation in mice caused histological changes in the hippocampal CA1 area of offspring during the developmental period and impaired sensorimotor gating in offspring during adulthood, resulting in behavioral changes. However, it remains unclear how maternal immune activation functionally impacts the hippocampal neuronal activity of offspring. We studied the effect of prenatal poly I:C treatment on synaptic transmission of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells in postnatal and adult offspring. Treatment with poly I:C diminished excitatory and enhanced inhibitory (GABAergic) synaptic transmission on pyramidal cells in adult offspring. During the early developmental period, we still observed that treatment with poly I:C decreased excitatory synaptic transmission and potentially increased GABAergic synaptic transmission, which was uncovered under a condition of high extracellular potassium-activated neurons. In conclusion, we demonstrate that maternal immune activation decreased excitatory and increased inhibitory synaptic transmission on hippocampal pyramidal cells from an early developmental period to adulthood, which could result in net inhibition in conjunction with poor functional organization and integration of hippocampal circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiju Nakagawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yoshino
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ogawa
- Department of Neurophysiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | | | - Sohei Kimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | | | - Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamashita
- Center for Medical Science, International University of Health and Welfare, Otawara, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Saito
- Department of Neurophysiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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11
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Ota T, Iida J, Okazaki K, Ishida R, Takahashi M, Okamura K, Yamamuro K, Kishimoto N, Kimoto S, Yasuda Y, Hashimoto R, Makinodan M, Kishimoto T. Delayed prefrontal hemodynamic response associated with suicide risk in autism spectrum disorder. Psychiatry Res 2020; 289:112971. [PMID: 32408192 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Adults diagnosed with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at high risk of experiencing suicidality compared with other clinical groups. Recently, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) studies have investigated the association between frontotemporal functional abnormalities and suicidality in patients with mood disorders. However, whether these prefrontal hemodynamic responses are associated with suicide vulnerability in individuals with ASD remains unclear. Here, we used 24-channel NIRS to examine the characteristics of prefrontal hemodynamic responses during a verbal fluency task in 20 adults with ASD and in age-, sex-, and intelligence quotient-matched healthy controls. In addition, we used Spearman's correlation analysis to identify the relationship between the time-course of prefrontal hemodynamic activation and the current suicide risk in patients with ASD. We found no significant differences between the verbal fluency task-induced prefrontal hemodynamic responses in the ASD vs. control group. However, we found a significant positive correlation between the current suicide risk score and the time-course of prefrontal hemodynamic activation in the ASD group. Thus, the 24-channel NIRS system appears to be useful in assessing suicide risk in individuals with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toyosaku Ota
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
| | - Junzo Iida
- Faculty of Nursing, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kosuke Okazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Rio Ishida
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Masato Takahashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kazuya Okamura
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | | | - Naoko Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Sohei Kimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yuka Yasuda
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan; Life Grow Brilliant Mental Clinic, Medical Corporation Foster, Osaka, Japan; Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Ryota Hashimoto
- Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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12
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Yamamuro K, Yoshino H, Ogawa Y, Okamura K, Nishihata Y, Makinodan M, Saito Y, Kishimoto T. Juvenile Social Isolation Enhances the Activity of Inhibitory Neuronal Circuits in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:105. [PMID: 32477068 PMCID: PMC7235301 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During brain development, the design of primary neural networks is primarily determined by environmental stimuli after their formation. In particular, the juvenile period is critical, during which neuronal circuits that consist of both excitatory and inhibitory neurons are remodeled by experience. Social isolation during the juvenile period profoundly affects brain development and contributes to the development of psychiatric disorders. We previously reported that 2 weeks of social isolation after weaning reduced excitatory synaptic inputs and intrinsic excitability in a subtype of layer 5 pyramidal cells, which we defined as prominent h-current (PH) cells, in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in mice. However, it remains unclear how juvenile social isolation affects inhibitory neuronal circuits that consist of pyramidal cells and interneurons. We found that 2 weeks of social isolation after weaning increased inhibitory synaptic inputs exclusively onto PH cells with a concomitant deterioration of action potential properties. Although social isolation did not alter the inhibitory synaptic release mechanisms or the number of inhibitory functional synapses on PH cells, we found that it increased the intrinsic excitability of fast-spiking (FS) interneurons with less excitatory synaptic inputs and more h-current. Our findings indicate that juvenile social isolation enhances the activity of inhibitory neuronal circuits in the mPFC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroki Yoshino
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ogawa
- Department of Neurophysiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kazuya Okamura
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yosuke Nishihata
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Saito
- Department of Neurophysiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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13
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Bicks LK, Yamamuro K, Flanigan ME, Kim JM, Kato D, Lucas EK, Koike H, Peng MS, Brady DM, Chandrasekaran S, Norman KJ, Smith MR, Clem RL, Russo SJ, Akbarian S, Morishita H. Prefrontal parvalbumin interneurons require juvenile social experience to establish adult social behavior. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1003. [PMID: 32081848 PMCID: PMC7035248 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14740-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Social isolation during the juvenile critical window is detrimental to proper functioning of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and establishment of appropriate adult social behaviors. However, the specific circuits that undergo social experience-dependent maturation to regulate social behavior are poorly understood. We identify a specific activation pattern of parvalbumin-positive interneurons (PVIs) in dorsal-medial PFC (dmPFC) prior to an active bout, or a bout initiated by the focal mouse, but not during a passive bout when mice are explored by a stimulus mouse. Optogenetic and chemogenetic manipulation reveals that brief dmPFC-PVI activation triggers an active social approach to promote sociability. Juvenile social isolation decouples dmPFC-PVI activation from subsequent active social approach by freezing the functional maturation process of dmPFC-PVIs during the juvenile-to-adult transition. Chemogenetic activation of dmPFC-PVI activity in the adult animal mitigates juvenile isolation-induced social deficits. Therefore, social experience-dependent maturation of dmPFC-PVI is linked to long-term impacts on social behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy K Bicks
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Meghan E Flanigan
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Julia Minjung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Daisuke Kato
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Elizabeth K Lucas
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Koike
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Michelle S Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Daniel M Brady
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Sandhya Chandrasekaran
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Kevin J Norman
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Milo R Smith
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Roger L Clem
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Scott J Russo
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Schahram Akbarian
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Hirofumi Morishita
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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14
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Matsuura H, Iwasaka H, Nezu S, Ota T, Okazaki K, Yamamuro K, Nakanishi Y, Kishimoto N, Iida J, Kishimoto T. Influence of Self-Esteem and Psychiatric Diagnosis on Health-Related Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents with School Refusal Behavior. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:847-858. [PMID: 32280226 PMCID: PMC7127844 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s246651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND School refusal behavior (SRB), which is the refusal to attend or remain in school, has been associated with emotional, psychological, and other behavioral problems, as well as a lower health-related quality of life (HRQOL). However, the effects of self-esteem and a psychiatric diagnosis in students with SRB on HRQOL are not yet known. Understanding these relationships could help to develop more effective therapeutic interventions. METHODS A total of 175 young people (aged 8-18 years old) who visited our medical centers and outpatient clinics participated in the study. This comprised the SRB group (n = 70) and an age- and sex-matched control group (n = 105). Information about any psychiatric diagnosis was collected from medical records, HRQOL was measured using the J-KIDSCREEN-52, SRB was assessed using the School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised for Japanese Attendance at School, self-esteem was measured using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, children's mental health status was measured using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and social support was measured using the Oslo 3-item Social Support Scale. We performed between-group comparisons and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS The SRB had a significantly lower HRQOL than the control group in several of the KIDSCREEN-52 dimensions. In the SRB group, 35.7% had chronic disease and 35.7% of their parents had health problems and were receiving treatment. The multiple regression analysis revealed that, within the SRB group, a psychiatric diagnosis was associated with a lower HRQOL. However, this was not the case for a diagnosis of autistic spectrum disorder. Self-esteem positively affected HRQOL in six dimensions of the KIDSCREEN-52 within the SRB group. CONCLUSION Our results could inform the development of support strategies for young people with SRB. Namely, support that enhances self-esteem could be used to increase HRQOL in young people with SRB. Furthermore, the presence of psychiatric disorders should be assessed as early as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Matsuura
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Prefecture General Rehabilitation Center, Shiki-Gun, Nara, Japan
| | - Hidemi Iwasaka
- Developmental Center for Child and Adult, Shigisan Hospital, Ikoma-Gun, Nara, Japan
| | - Satoko Nezu
- Department of Epidemiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Toyosaku Ota
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Kosuke Okazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yoko Nakanishi
- Department of Psychiatry, Akitsu Kounoike Hospital, Gose, Nara, Japan
| | - Naoko Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Junzo Iida
- Faculty of Nursing, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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15
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Yoshino H, Aoki C, Kitamura S, Yamamuro K, Tanaka S, Kishimoto T. A case report of mania with abnormal cerebral blood flow and cognitive impairment 24 years after head trauma. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2020; 19:32. [PMID: 32426021 PMCID: PMC7218518 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-020-00282-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mania usually occurs secondary to organic etiologies such as head trauma within a short time of the primary condition's onset; however, there have been a few cases reported in the literature of long time spans before the manifestation of mania. The orbitofrontal cortex has been reported to be associated with manic states in bipolar disorder and with mania-inducing lesions. Head trauma commonly disrupts various cognitive functions, including attention and information processing. Traumatic brain injury patients have been shown to have greater posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus functional connectivity to the rest of the default mode network. We describe a case of secondary mania after head trauma 24 years ago with low blood flow in the orbitofrontal cortex, high blood flow in the posterior cingulate cortex, and impaired cognitive functioning, including impaired attention and lowered processing speed. CASE PRESENTATION We describe a 30-year-old Japanese man with secondary mania and a medical history of head trauma 24 years ago. After head trauma at 6 years of age, the patient first showed apathy as a sign of frontal lobe impairment. After recovering, he experienced no psychiatric problems during adolescence, although he did show disinhibited behavior. At the onset of mania, low blood flow in the OFC and high blood flow in the PCC were observed as well as impaired cognitive function, including inattention and lowered processing speed. Abnormal cerebral blood flow was less prominent and cognitive dysfunction was partially recovered following recovery from mania, but his processing speed remained low. CONCLUSIONS Although functional recovery from head trauma in childhood is better than that in adulthood, the brain may remain vulnerable for a long time. The risk of psychotic symptoms such as mania should be considered, even if sufficient superficial brain functional recovery is shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Yoshino
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijocho Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522 Japan
| | - Chieko Aoki
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijocho Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522 Japan
| | - Soichiro Kitamura
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijocho Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522 Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijocho Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522 Japan
| | - Shohei Tanaka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijocho Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522 Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijocho Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522 Japan
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16
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Kana V, Desland FA, Casanova-Acebes M, Ayata P, Badimon A, Nabel E, Yamamuro K, Sneeboer M, Tan IL, Flanigan ME, Rose SA, Chang C, Leader A, Le Bourhis H, Sweet ES, Tung N, Wroblewska A, Lavin Y, See P, Baccarini A, Ginhoux F, Chitu V, Stanley ER, Russo SJ, Yue Z, Brown BD, Joyner AL, De Witte LD, Morishita H, Schaefer A, Merad M. CSF-1 controls cerebellar microglia and is required for motor function and social interaction. J Exp Med 2019; 216:2265-2281. [PMID: 31350310 PMCID: PMC6781012 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20182037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia, the brain resident macrophages, critically shape forebrain neuronal circuits. However, their precise function in the cerebellum is unknown. Here we show that human and mouse cerebellar microglia express a unique molecular program distinct from forebrain microglia. Cerebellar microglial identity was driven by the CSF-1R ligand CSF-1, independently of the alternate CSF-1R ligand, IL-34. Accordingly, CSF-1 depletion from Nestin+ cells led to severe depletion and transcriptional alterations of cerebellar microglia, while microglia in the forebrain remained intact. Strikingly, CSF-1 deficiency and alteration of cerebellar microglia were associated with reduced Purkinje cells, altered neuronal function, and defects in motor learning and social novelty interactions. These findings reveal a novel CSF-1-CSF-1R signaling-mediated mechanism that contributes to motor function and social behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Kana
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Fiona A Desland
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Maria Casanova-Acebes
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Pinar Ayata
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Ana Badimon
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Elisa Nabel
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Marjolein Sneeboer
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - I-Li Tan
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Meghan E Flanigan
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Samuel A Rose
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Christie Chang
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Andrew Leader
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Hortense Le Bourhis
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Eric S Sweet
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Navpreet Tung
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Aleksandra Wroblewska
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Yonit Lavin
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Peter See
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore
| | - Alessia Baccarini
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore
| | - Violeta Chitu
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - E Richard Stanley
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Scott J Russo
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Zhenyu Yue
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Brian D Brown
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Alexandra L Joyner
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Lotje D De Witte
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Hirofumi Morishita
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Anne Schaefer
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Miriam Merad
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY .,Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
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17
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Schrode N, Ho SM, Yamamuro K, Dobbyn A, Huckins L, Matos MR, Cheng E, Deans PJM, Flaherty E, Barretto N, Topol A, Alganem K, Abadali S, Gregory J, Hoelzli E, Phatnani H, Singh V, Girish D, Aronow B, Mccullumsmith R, Hoffman GE, Stahl EA, Morishita H, Sklar P, Brennand KJ. Synergistic effects of common schizophrenia risk variants. Nat Genet 2019; 51:1475-1485. [PMID: 31548722 PMCID: PMC6778520 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0497-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms by which common risk variants of small effect interact to contribute to complex genetic disorders are unclear. Here, we apply a genetic approach, using isogenic human induced pluripotent stem cells, to evaluate the effects of schizophrenia (SZ)-associated common variants predicted to function as SZ expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs). By integrating CRISPR-mediated gene editing, activation and repression technologies to study one putative SZ eQTL (FURIN rs4702) and four top-ranked SZ eQTL genes (FURIN, SNAP91, TSNARE1 and CLCN3), our platform resolves pre- and postsynaptic neuronal deficits, recapitulates genotype-dependent gene expression differences and identifies convergence downstream of SZ eQTL gene perturbations. Our observations highlight the cell-type-specific effects of common variants and demonstrate a synergistic effect between SZ eQTL genes that converges on synaptic function. We propose that the links between rare and common variants implicated in psychiatric disease risk constitute a potentially generalizable phenomenon occurring more widely in complex genetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Schrode
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Seok-Man Ho
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amanda Dobbyn
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura Huckins
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marliette R Matos
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Esther Cheng
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - P J Michael Deans
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Erin Flaherty
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Natalie Barretto
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aaron Topol
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Khaled Alganem
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute in the College of Medicine & Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Sonya Abadali
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - James Gregory
- Center for Genomics of Neurodegenerative Disease, New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily Hoelzli
- Center for Genomics of Neurodegenerative Disease, New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hemali Phatnani
- Center for Genomics of Neurodegenerative Disease, New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vineeta Singh
- UC Department of Pediatrics Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Deeptha Girish
- UC Department of Pediatrics Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Bruce Aronow
- UC Department of Pediatrics Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Robert Mccullumsmith
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute in the College of Medicine & Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Gabriel E Hoffman
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eli A Stahl
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hirofumi Morishita
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pamela Sklar
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kristen J Brennand
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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Uratani M, Ota T, Iida J, Okazaki K, Yamamuro K, Nakanishi Y, Kishimoto N, Kishimoto T. Reduced prefrontal hemodynamic response in pediatric autism spectrum disorder measured with near-infrared spectroscopy. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2019; 13:29. [PMID: 31297147 PMCID: PMC6599245 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-019-0289-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional neuroimaging studies suggest that prefrontal cortex dysfunction is present in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Near-infrared spectroscopy is a noninvasive optical tool for examining oxygenation and hemodynamic changes in the cerebral cortex by measuring changes in oxygenated hemoglobin. METHODS Twelve drug-naïve male participants, aged 7-15 years and diagnosed with ASD according to DSM-5 criteria, and 12 age- and intelligence quotient (IQ)-matched healthy control males participated in the present study after giving informed consent. Relative concentrations of oxyhemoglobin were measured with frontal probes every 0.1 s during the Stroop color-word task, using 24-channel near-infrared spectroscopy. RESULTS Oxyhemoglobin changes during the Stroop color-word task in the ASD group were significantly smaller than those in the control group at channels 12 and 13, located over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (FDR-corrected P: 0.0021-0.0063). CONCLUSION The results suggest that male children with ASD have reduced prefrontal hemodynamic responses, measured with near-infrared spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Toyosaku Ota
- 0000 0004 0372 782Xgrid.410814.8Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijyo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522 Japan
| | - Junzo Iida
- 0000 0004 0372 782Xgrid.410814.8Faculty of Nursing, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kosuke Okazaki
- 0000 0004 0372 782Xgrid.410814.8Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijyo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522 Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- 0000 0004 0372 782Xgrid.410814.8Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijyo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522 Japan
| | - Yoko Nakanishi
- 0000 0004 0372 782Xgrid.410814.8Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijyo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522 Japan
| | - Naoko Kishimoto
- 0000 0004 0372 782Xgrid.410814.8Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijyo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522 Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- 0000 0004 0372 782Xgrid.410814.8Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijyo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522 Japan
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Kimoto S, Yamamuro K, Kishimoto T. Acute psychosis in patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2019; 73:348-349. [PMID: 30968493 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sohei Kimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
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Yamamuro K, Yoshino H, Ogawa Y, Makinodan M, Toritsuka M, Yamashita M, Corfas G, Kishimoto T. Social Isolation During the Critical Period Reduces Synaptic and Intrinsic Excitability of a Subtype of Pyramidal Cell in Mouse Prefrontal Cortex. Cereb Cortex 2019; 28:998-1010. [PMID: 28158488 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Juvenile social experience is crucial for the functional development of forebrain regions, especially the prefrontal cortex (PFC). We previously reported that social isolation for 2 weeks after weaning induces prefrontal cortex dysfunction and hypomyelination. However, the effect of social isolation on physiological properties of PFC neuronal circuit remained unknown. Since hypomyelination due to isolation is prominent in deep-layer of medial PFC (mPFC), we focused on 2 types of Layer-5 pyramidal cells in the mPFC: prominent h-current (PH) cells and nonprominent h-current (non-PH) cells. We found that a 2-week social isolation after weaning leads to a specific deterioration in action potential properties and reduction in excitatory synaptic inputs in PH cells. The effects of social isolation on PH cells, which involve reduction in functional glutamatergic synapses and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid/N-methyl-d-aspartate charge ratio, are specific to the 2 weeks after weaning and to the mPFC. We conclude that juvenile social experience plays crucial roles in the functional development in a subtype of Layer-5 pyramidal cells in the mPFC. Since these neurons project to subcortical structures, a deficit in social experience during the critical period may result in immature neural circuitry between mPFC and subcortical targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yoshino
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ogawa
- Department of Physiology I, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Michihiro Toritsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamashita
- Center for Medical Science, International University of Health and Welfare, Ohtawara, Tochigi 324-8501, Japan
| | - Gabriel Corfas
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
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21
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Takahashi M, Yasuno F, Yamamuro K, Matsuoka K, Kitamura S, Yoshikawa H, Yamamoto A, Iida H, Fukuda T, Ihara M, Nagatsuka K, Kishimoto T. Detection of brain amyloid-β deposits due to the repetitive head trauma in a former karate player. Psychogeriatrics 2019; 19:276-281. [PMID: 30565811 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Head trauma is a well-established epidemiological risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, but a study of early detection of its pathology has not yet been performed in human patients in vivo. To address this issue, we performed 11 C-labelled Pittsburgh compound B-positron emission tomography on a right-handed 30-year-old man with cognitive deterioration after repetitive head trauma during karate matches. Structural magnetic resonance imaging was also performed on this patient. The same positron emission tomography analysis was performed on elderly healthy controls (15 men, mean age: 70.7 ± 6.2 years). To analyze grey matter volume, structural magnetic resonance imaging was performed on age-matched healthy controls (15 men, mean age: 28.5 ± 3.6 years). The cognitive deterioration in our patient was fixed and partially improved in the 10 years after the repetitive head trauma. However, Pittsburgh compound B-non-displaceable binding potential was significantly elevated in the patient. Volume reduction was shown in the medial temporal region, cerebellum, and the basal frontal cortex, while amyloid-β increase was shown in the bilateral prefrontal cortex. This is the first study to show an early degenerative process due to head trauma in the prefrontal cortex, where structural damage is not yet visible. Early recognition of the degenerative pathology due to repetitive head trauma by amyloid and possibly tau imaging would help clinicians determine how to treat those with early symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Takahashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Yasuno
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.,Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | | | - Kiwamu Matsuoka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | | | | | - Akihide Yamamoto
- Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Iida
- Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Fukuda
- Department of Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ihara
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Nagatsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
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22
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Okazaki K, Yamamuro K, Iida J, Kishimoto T. Guanfacine monotherapy for ADHD/ASD comorbid with Tourette syndrome: a case report. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2019; 18:2. [PMID: 30899317 PMCID: PMC6410501 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-019-0226-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often experience comorbid conditions, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Tourette syndrome (TS). Although pharmacotherapies are effective for treating ADHD, they are likely to elicit a variety of adverse effects. It is, thus, important to select an effective and well-tolerated pharmacotherapeutic treatment for patients with ADHD/ASD comorbid with TS. CASE PRESENTATION We report the case of a 10-year-old boy with ADHD/ASD comorbid with TS who was treated with guanfacine (GUAN). He experienced several side effects of atomoxetine (ATX) and methylphenidate (MPH) before being treated with GUAN. In the presented case, symptoms of ADHD as well as tic symptoms were improved by treatment with GUAN. CONCLUSION GUAN might be effective and well tolerated in the treatment of patients with ADHD/ASD comorbid with TS who experience side effects of ATX and MPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Okazaki
- 1Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521 Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- 1Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521 Japan
| | - Junzo Iida
- 2Faculty of Nursing, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- 1Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521 Japan
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23
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Yamamuro K, Kimoto S, Iida J, Kishimoto N, Tanaka S, Toritsuka M, Ikawa D, Yamashita Y, Ota T, Makinodan M, Yoshino H, Kishimoto T. Distinct patterns of blood oxygenation in the prefrontal cortex in clinical phenotypes of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2018. [PMID: 29522943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) are characterized by different clinical symptoms, and have previously been considered as categorically separate. However, several lines of evidence controversially suggest that these two disorders may run on a continuum. While it is therefore important to evaluate the subtle differences between SZ and BD, few studies have investigated the difference of brain functioning between the two by focusing on the common symptoms of cognitive functioning and impulsivity, rather than positive/negative and mood symptoms. Recent developments in near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology have enabled noninvasive assessment of brain function in people with psychiatric disorders. METHODS Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) using 24-channels was conducted during the verbal fluency task (VFT) and Stroop color-word task (SCWT) in 38 patients diagnosed with SZ, 34 patients with BD, and 26 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. RESULTS Oxyhemoglobin changes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) were significantly lower particularly in the SZ compared to control group during the VFT. On the other hand, these were significantly lower particularly in the BD and SZ group to control group during the SCWT. Regression analysis showed that hemodynamic changes were significantly correlated with verbal memory and impulsivity in both disorders. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that different hemodynamic responses in the prefrontal cortex might reflect cognitive functioning and impulsivity, providing a greater insight into SZ and BD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan.
| | - Sohei Kimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Junzo Iida
- Faculty of Nursing, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Naoko Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Shohei Tanaka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Michihiro Toritsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ikawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yasunori Yamashita
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toyosaku Ota
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yoshino
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
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24
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Okazaki K, Yamamuro K, Iida J, Ota T, Nakanishi Y, Matsuura H, Uratani M, Sawada S, Azechi T, Kishimoto N, Kishimoto T. Intra-individual variability across cognitive task in drug-naïve pediatric patients with obsessive compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Res 2018; 264:421-426. [PMID: 29702436 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Attention deficit is commonly observed in several psychiatric conditions. In particular, patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder exhibit not only attention deficit, but also intra-individual variability in response times (IIV-RT) during the performance of cognitive tasks related to attention span and sustained attention. Although obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is commonly observed across childhood, little is known about abnormalities in IIV-RT during the auditory odd-ball task, and how these changes relate to event-related potentials (ERPs) components. In the present study, we compared the ERPs of 15 adolescent and pediatric patients with OCD with 15 healthy age, sex, and IQ-matched controls. We found that tau of IIV-TR was not significantly different between the OCD group and controls, whereas the OCD group exhibited lower mu and sigma compared to controls. Furthermore, we revealed that P300 amplitude was significantly attenuated in the OCD group at Fz, C3, and C4, compared with controls. The present study thereby provided the first evidence that individuals with pediatric or adolescent OCD exhibit lower variability in reaction time in IIV-RT during an auditory odd-ball task than controls. These results suggest that there are no impairments in attention span and sustained attention in pediatric and adolescent patients with OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Okazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan.
| | - Junzo Iida
- Faculty of Nursing, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toyosaku Ota
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yoko Nakanishi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Hiroki Matsuura
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Prefectural General Rehabilitation Center, Shiki, Japan
| | | | - Satomi Sawada
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Takahiro Azechi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Naoko Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
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25
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Ueda S, Ota T, Iida J, Yamamuro K, Yoshino H, Kishimoto N, Kishimoto T. Reduced prefrontal hemodynamic response in adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2018; 72:380-390. [PMID: 29405508 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Recent developments in near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) have enabled non-invasive clarification of brain functions in psychiatric disorders. In pediatric attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), reduced prefrontal hemodynamic responses have been observed with NIRS repeatedly. However, there are few studies of adult ADHD by multi-channel NIRS. Therefore, in this study, we used multi-channel NIRS to examine the characteristics of prefrontal hemodynamic responses during the Stroop Color-Word Task (SCWT) in adult ADHD patients and in age- and sex-matched control subjects. METHODS Twelve treatment-naïve adults with ADHD and 12 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects participated in the present study after giving consent. We used 24-channel NIRS to measure the oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) changes at the frontal lobes of participants during the SCWT. We compared the oxy-Hb changes between adults with ADHD and control subjects by t-tests with Bonferroni correction. RESULTS During the SCWT, the oxy-Hb changes observed in the ADHD group were significantly smaller than those in the control group in channels 11, 16, 18, 21, 22, 23, and 24, corresponding to the prefrontal cortex. At channels 16, 21, 23, and 24 of the ADHD group, there were negative correlations between the symptomatic severity and the oxy-Hb changes. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that adults with ADHD have reduced prefrontal hemodynamic response as measured by NIRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Ueda
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toyosaku Ota
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Junzo Iida
- Faculty of Nursing, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | | | - Hiroki Yoshino
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Naoko Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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Abstract
PURPOSE Antipsychotic drug treatment can potentially lead to adverse events such as extrapyramidal symptoms (EPSs). If these events persist, they lower patient quality of life. The purpose of this report is to present our experience with such a case, as an example to encourage further study. PATIENTS AND METHODS The patient was a 64-year-old male who had been diagnosed with schizophrenia that had been treated with oral antipsychotics for over 40 years. Due to lack of compliance, he was treated with the long-acting injectable antipsychotic, paliperidone palmitate, but developed persistent EPSs after 6 months. He was subsequently treated and monitored in our inpatient facility. RESULTS Antipsychotic treatment was stopped. After 6 weeks, the patient's psychosis had worsened, but his EPSs remained unchanged. Levodopa treatment was then started (up to 400 mg/d), which improved his EPSs, so he was restarted on oral antipsychotic therapy (aripiprazole, 6-18 mg/d). His psychotic symptoms improved over 2 months. The improvements in both psychosis and EPSs remained stable. Dopamine transporter scans revealed moderate dopamine transporter loss in the striatum, and computed tomography revealed no sign of brain abnormalities, suggesting that the patient was susceptible to dopamine reductions. CONCLUSION Paliperidone palmitate can induce EPSs, even if injected only a few times. Although the characteristics of the drug are potential causes, the patient's predisposition to dopamine perturbations can also influence the outcome. Therefore, adequate awareness is required before injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Takada
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan,
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan,
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan,
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27
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Makinodan M, Okumura K, Ikawa D, Yamashita Y, Yamamuro K, Toritsuka M, Kimoto S, Yamauchi T, Komori T, Kayashima Y, Yoshino H, Wanaka A, Kishimoto T. Effects of cross-rearing with social peers on myelination in the medial prefrontal cortex of a mouse model with autism spectrum disorder. Heliyon 2017; 3:e00468. [PMID: 29234739 PMCID: PMC5717317 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction, poor communication skills, and repetitive/restrictive behaviors. Recent studies have indicated that early rehabilitative intervention can alleviate the symptoms of individuals with ASD. However, it remains unknown whether rehabilitative intervention can restore brain structures such as myelin, which generally shows abnormalities in individuals with ASD. Therefore, in the present study, we used a mouse model of ASD (BTBR mice) that demonstrated asocial behaviors and hypomyelination in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) to investigate whether interaction with social peers (C57BL/6J mice) has an effect on myelination. We found that housing with C57BL/6J mice after weaning through adulthood increased the myelin thickness in mPFC, but not in the motor cortex, of BTBR mice. There was no effect of cross-rearing with C57BL/6J mice on axon diameter in mPFC of BTBR mice. This finding suggests that early rehabilitative intervention may alleviate myelin abnormalities in mPFC as well as clinical symptoms in individuals with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Kazuki Okumura
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ikawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yasunori Yamashita
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Michihiro Toritsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Sohei Kimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Takahira Yamauchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Takashi Komori
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kayashima
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yoshino
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Akio Wanaka
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
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Yamamuro K, Tsujii N, Ota T, Kishimoto T, Iida J. Pharmacotherapy for the treatment of aggression in pediatric and adolescent patients with autism spectrum disorder comorbid with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A questionnaire survey of 571 psychiatrists. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2017; 71:554-561. [PMID: 28317224 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM Both attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are frequently accompanied by serious aggression that requires psychiatric treatment. However, little is known about the experiences psychiatrists have had using pharmacotherapy to treat aggression in patients who have both ASD and ADHD (ASD/ADHD). The purpose of this study was to examine the experiences of Japanese child and adolescent psychiatrists in prescribing medication for aggression in patients with ASD/ADHD. METHODS A prospective questionnaire was mailed to 2001 psychiatrists affiliated with the Japanese Society for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors predicting the outcome of pharmacotherapeutic treatment of aggression in pediatric and adolescent patients with ASD/ADHD. RESULTS Of 2001 psychiatrists, 571 (28.5%) completed the full questionnaire (final sample). Of these, 488 (85.4%) prescribed psychotropic medication in treating pediatric and adolescent patients with ASD/ADHD, 299 (61.3%) of them doing so to treat aggression. Prescribers' duration of practice (odds ratio, 1.055; P = 0.038) and patient symptoms of residual impulsivity (odds ratio, 2.479; P = 0.039) increased the odds of prescribing psychotropic medications to treat aggression in these patients. The respondents reported a similar effect for patients with ADHD/ASD compared with those with ADHD only in treating aggression. CONCLUSION Japanese psychiatrists tended to prescribe psychotropic medication for aggression in pediatric and adolescent patients with ASD/ADHD. Future studies examining aggression in pediatric and adolescent patients with ASD/ADHD should aim to accumulate evidence for the use of psychotropic medications, which could help clinicians make better decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Noa Tsujii
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toyosaku Ota
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Junzo Iida
- Faculty of Nursing, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
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Makinodan M, Ikawa D, Yamamuro K, Yamashita Y, Toritsuka M, Kimoto S, Yamauchi T, Okumura K, Komori T, Fukami SI, Yoshino H, Kanba S, Wanaka A, Kishimoto T. Effects of the mode of re-socialization after juvenile social isolation on medial prefrontal cortex myelination and function. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5481. [PMID: 28710465 PMCID: PMC5511224 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05632-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Social isolation is an important factor in the development of psychiatric disorders. It is necessary to develop an effective psychological treatment, such as cognitive rehabilitation, for children who have already suffered from social isolation, such as neglect and social rejection. We used socially isolated mice to validate whether elaborate re-socialization after juvenile social isolation can restore hypomyelination in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the attendant functions manifested in socially isolated mice. While mice who underwent re-socialization with socially isolated mice after juvenile social isolation (Re-IS mice) demonstrated less mPFC activity during exposure to a strange mouse, as well as thinner myelin in the mPFC than controls, mice who underwent re-socialization with socially housed mice after juvenile social isolation (Re-SH mice) caught up with the controls in terms of most mPFC functions, as well as myelination. Moreover, social interaction of Re-IS mice was reduced as compared to controls, but Re-SH mice showed an amount of social interaction comparable to that of controls. These results suggest that the mode of re-socialization after juvenile social isolation has significant effects on myelination in the mPFC and the attendant functions in mice, indicating the importance of appropriate psychosocial intervention after social isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Ikawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Yasunori Yamashita
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Michihiro Toritsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Sohei Kimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Takahira Yamauchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Kazuki Okumura
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Takashi Komori
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Fukami
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yoshino
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Kanba
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyusyu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akio Wanaka
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
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Yamamoto H, Ogawa K, Huaman H, Yamamuro K, Ishitake T. USEFULNESS OF THE NEW SHORT COGNITIVE SCREENING TEST (STMT-R) IN ACUTELY ILL GERIATRIC PATIENTS. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.4031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H. Yamamoto
- Yamamoto Memorial Hospital, Imari-city, Saga-ken, Japan,
| | - K. Ogawa
- Yamamoto Memorial Hospital, Imari-city, Saga-ken, Japan,
| | - H. Huaman
- Yamamoto Memorial Hospital, Imari-city, Saga-ken, Japan,
| | - K. Yamamuro
- Yamamoto Memorial Hospital, Imari-city, Saga-ken, Japan,
| | - T. Ishitake
- Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume-city, Japan
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31
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Nakanishi Y, Ota T, Iida J, Yamamuro K, Kishimoto N, Okazaki K, Kishimoto T. Differential therapeutic effects of atomoxetine and methylphenidate in childhood attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2017; 11:26. [PMID: 28507595 PMCID: PMC5429516 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-017-0163-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stimulant methylphenidate (MPH) and the nonstimulant atomoxetine (ATX) are the most commonly-prescribed pharmacological treatments for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the drug-specific mechanism of action on brain function in ADHD patients is not well known. This study examined differences in prefrontal hemodynamic activity between MPH and ATX in children with ADHD as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) using the Stroop color-word task. METHODS Thirty children with ADHD participated in the present study. We used 24-channel NIRS (ETG-4000) to measure the relative concentrations of oxyhemoglobin in the frontal lobes of participants in the drug-naïve condition and those who had received MPH (n = 16) or ATX (n = 14) for 12 weeks. Measurements were conducted every 0.1 s during the Stroop color-word task. We used the ADHD RS-IV-J (Home Version) to evaluate ADHD symptoms. RESULTS Treatment with either MPH or ATX significantly reduced ADHD symptoms, as measured by the ADHD RS-IV-J, and improved performance on the Stroop color-word task in terms of number of correct words. We found significantly higher levels of oxyhemoglobin changes in the prefrontal cortex of participants in the ATX condition compared with the values seen at baseline (pre-ATX). In contrast, we found no oxyhemoglobin changes between pre- and post-treatment with MPH. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that MPH and ATX have differential effects on prefrontal hemodynamic activity in children with ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Nakanishi
- 0000 0004 0372 782Xgrid.410814.8Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522 Japan
| | - Toyosaku Ota
- 0000 0004 0372 782Xgrid.410814.8Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522 Japan
| | - Junzo Iida
- 0000 0004 0372 782Xgrid.410814.8Faculty of Nursing, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522 Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- 0000 0004 0372 782Xgrid.410814.8Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522 Japan
| | - Naoko Kishimoto
- 0000 0004 0372 782Xgrid.410814.8Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522 Japan
| | - Kosuke Okazaki
- 0000 0004 0372 782Xgrid.410814.8Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522 Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- 0000 0004 0372 782Xgrid.410814.8Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522 Japan
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Ikawa D, Makinodan M, Iwata K, Ohgidani M, Kato TA, Yamashita Y, Yamamuro K, Kimoto S, Toritsuka M, Yamauchi T, Fukami SI, Yoshino H, Okumura K, Tanaka T, Wanaka A, Owada Y, Tsujii M, Sugiyama T, Tsuchiya K, Mori N, Hashimoto R, Matsuzaki H, Kanba S, Kishimoto T. Microglia-derived neuregulin expression in psychiatric disorders. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 61:375-385. [PMID: 28089559 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have revealed that neuregulins (NRGs) are involved in brain function and psychiatric disorders. While NRGs have been regarded as neuron- or astrocyte-derived molecules, our research has revealed that microglia also express NRGs, levels of which are markedly increased in activated microglia. Previous studies have indicated that microglia are activated in the brains of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Therefore, we investigated microglial NRG mRNA expression in multiple lines of mice considered models of ASD. Intriguingly, microglial NRG expression significantly increased in BTBR and socially-isolated mice, while maternal immune activation (MIA) mice exhibited identical NRG expression to controls. Furthermore, we observed a positive correlation between NRG expression in microglia and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in mice, suggesting that NRG expression in human PBMCs may mirror microglia-derived NRG expression in the human brain. To translate these findings for application in clinical psychiatry, we measured levels of NRG1 splice-variant expression in clinically available PBMCs of patients with ASD. Levels of NRG1 type III expression in PBMCs were positively correlated with impairments in social interaction in children with ASD (as assessed using the Autistic Diagnostic Interview-Revised test: ADI-R). These findings suggest that immune cell-derived NRGs may be implicated in the pathobiology of psychiatric disorders such as ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Ikawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan.
| | - Keiko Iwata
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Japan; Department of Development of Functional Brain Activities, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University and University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ohgidani
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyusyu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takahiro A Kato
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyusyu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasunori Yamashita
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Sohei Kimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Michihiro Toritsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Takahira Yamauchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Fukami
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yoshino
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Kazuki Okumura
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Tatsuhide Tanaka
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Akio Wanaka
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Yuji Owada
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | | | | | - Kenji Tsuchiya
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Norio Mori
- Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryota Hashimoto
- Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideo Matsuzaki
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Japan; Department of Development of Functional Brain Activities, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University and University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Kanba
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyusyu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
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Yamamuro K, Ota T, Iida J, Nakanishi Y, Suehiro Y, Matsuura H, Uratani M, Okazaki K, Kishimoto N, Tanaka S, Iwasaka H, Kishimoto T. Event-Related Potentials Correlate with the Severity of Child and Adolescent Patients with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Neuropsychobiology 2017; 73:131-8. [PMID: 27055108 DOI: 10.1159/000444490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms can continue through adolescence and adulthood, including difficulty in staying focused, paying attention, and controlling behavior, as well as hyperactivity. While children and adolescents with ADHD have functional impairments at multiple dimensions, there are no objective biological indicators to assess the severity of ADHD. Event-related potentials (ERPs) are widely used as a noninvasive method for evaluating sensory and cognitive processes involved in attention tasks. Previous studies have shown that P300 amplitude or latency, a main component in ERPs, is altered in patients with ADHD. However, little is known about the relationship between P300 and the severity of ADHD symptoms. METHOD We sought to measure both P300 amplitude and latency in ERPs during auditory oddball tasks in 44 patients with ADHD (mean age ± SD 10.28 ± 3.43 years) and 15 age- and gender-matched normally developing children (11.40 ± 3.02 years). In ADHD patients, we also assessed symptom severity using the ADHD rating scale-IV-Japanese version. RESULT In ADHD groups, P300 amplitude and latency were attenuated and prolonged compared to controls at the frontocentral, centroparietal, and parietal positions. Furthermore, levels of P300 latency at these positions are positively correlated with the inattention subscale scores measured by the ADHD rating scale-IV-Japanese version. CONCLUSIONS The present study revealed that the degree of P300 latency might reflect the severity of ADHD symptoms with children and adolescents, suggesting that ERPs are a useful technique to evaluate the severity of ADHD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
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Okazaki K, Yamamuro K, Kishimoto T. Reversal of olanzapine-induced weight gain in a patient with schizophrenia by switching to asenapine: a case report. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2017; 13:2837-2840. [PMID: 29200857 PMCID: PMC5701559 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s148616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Antipsychotics are effective for treating schizophrenia, but atypical antipsychotics can cause several adverse side effects including weight gain, hyperprolactinemia, and extrapyramidal symptoms. Moreover, weight gain increases the risk of metabolic diseases. METHODS We treated a case of olanzapine-induced weight gain in a 41-year-old man with schizophrenia by switching his medication from olanzapine to asenapine. RESULTS The weight gain improved after switching the medication, from 80.3 to 75.0 kg, a weight loss of 6.6%, and there was no significant worsening of psychological symptoms or other adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS Asenapine might be effective for treating patients with schizophrenia who experience olanzapine-induced weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Okazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
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35
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Yamamuro K, Ota T, Iida J, Kishimoto N, Nakanishi Y, Kishimoto T. Persistence of impulsivity in pediatric and adolescent patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2017; 71:36-43. [PMID: 27701796 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Increasing clinical evidence points to impulsivity as a symptom of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, little is known about its persistence over time. METHODS In this study, we evaluated the performance of 12 pediatric patients with OCD on the Stroop color-word task, which assesses impulsivity, and compared this with age- and sex-matched controls. In parallel, we measured changes in hemodynamic responses during the task, using near-infrared spectroscopy. As patients in the OCD group were naïve to treatment, we compared results before and after 3-year medication with serotonin reuptake inhibitors. RESULTS We report that, compared with controls, the OCD group had significantly poorer performance and less activation in the prefrontal cortex during the Stroop color-word task. Surprisingly, while serotonin-reuptake-inhibitors treatment reduced OCD symptomology, it did not improve the diminished hemodynamic responses or task performance of these patients. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that a persistent deficit exists in the inhibitory control of pediatric patients with OCD; they also provide insight into the pathophysiology of OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toyosaku Ota
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Junzo Iida
- Faculty of Nursing, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Naoko Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yoko Nakanishi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
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36
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Kayashima Y, Yamamuro K, Makinodan M, Nakanishi Y, Wanaka A, Kishimoto T. Effects of Canon chord progression on brain activity and motivation are dependent on subjective feelings, not the chord progression per se. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2017; 13:1499-1508. [PMID: 28652751 PMCID: PMC5476716 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s136815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of studies have indicated that relaxing and pleasant melodies are useful for the treatment of patients with psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, depression, and dementia. However, few studies have investigated what constitutive elements of the music had an effect on brain activity. As Canon chord progression is one of critical elements for pleasant melodies, we sought to examine the effects of Canon chord progression and pitch-shifted Canon chord progression on brain activity using performance on the auditory oddball task during event-related potentials (ERPs) in 30 healthy subjects. Unexpectedly, we found no differences in ERP components between subjects listening to Canon chord progression (n=15) or pitch-shifted Canon chord progression (n=15). Next, we divided participants into two groups: those who found the melody pleasant (n=17) and those who did not (n=13), for both Canon chord progression and pitch-shifted Canon chord progression. The average of P300 amplitude was higher at Fz in subjects found the music pleasant versus those finding it unpleasant. Moreover, subjects who found it pleasant exhibited higher motivation scores than those who felt it was unpleasant, whereas listening to Canon chord progression did not matter. These findings suggest that the effects of Canon chord progression on brain activity and motivation depend on subjective feelings, not the chord progression per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Kayashima
- Department of Psychiatry.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Akio Wanaka
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
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37
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Makinodan M, Iwata K, Ikawa D, Yamashita Y, Yamamuro K, Toritsuka M, Kimoto S, Okumura K, Yamauchi T, Yoshino H, Tsujii M, Sugiyama T, Tsuchiya K, Mori N, Matsuzaki H, Kishimoto T. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells correlates with early childhood social interaction in autism spectrum disorder. Neurochem Int 2016; 104:1-5. [PMID: 28007470 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction, poor communication skills, and repetitive/restrictive behaviors. Elevated blood levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines have been reported in subjects with autism spectrum disorder. On the other hand, early childhood adverse experience also increases blood levels of these cytokines. Since social experience of children with autism spectrum disorder is generally unlike to typically developing children, we hypothesized that social interaction during childhood contribute to pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in subjects with autism spectrum disorder. We compared revised Autism Diagnostic Interview scores and expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of subjects with autism spectrum disorder (n = 30). The score of domain A on the revised Autism Diagnostic Interview, indicating social interaction impairment in early childhood, was negatively correlated with tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA expression level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells but not interleukin-1β or -6. Consistently, tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA expression was markedly low in subjects with autism spectrum disorder compared to typically developing children who presumably experienced the regular levels of social interaction. These findings suggest that the low blood levels of tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA in subjects with autism spectrum disorder might be due to impaired social interaction in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Keiko Iwata
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Japan; Department of Development of Functional Brain Activities, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University and University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ikawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yasunori Yamashita
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Michihiro Toritsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Sohei Kimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Kazuki Okumura
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Takahira Yamauchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yoshino
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Tsujii
- Department of Faculty of Sociology, Chukyo University, Toyota, Japan
| | | | - Kenji Tsuchiya
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Norio Mori
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hideo Matsuzaki
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Japan; Department of Development of Functional Brain Activities, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University and University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
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Yamamuro K, Ota T, Iida J, Kishimoto N, Nakanishi Y, Matsuura H, Uratani M, Okazaki K, Kishimoto T. A longitudinal event-related potential study of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor therapy in treatment-naïve pediatric obsessive compulsive disorder patients. Psychiatry Res 2016; 245:217-223. [PMID: 27552672 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by obsessive thoughts and/or compulsive behaviors, involving specific cognition and/or information processing disorders. Event-related potentials (ERPs) are commonly used as physiological measures of cognitive function. In conscious patients, ERPs are easily and non-invasively measured. Previous ERP studies have revealed differences between OCD patients and control subjects. Whether ERPs reflect the pharmacological effects of OCD treatment, particularly in treatment-naïve pediatric patients, remains unknown. We used the Child's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) to evaluate the symptomatic severity of 12 treatment-naïve pediatric OCD patients. Comparisons were made with 12 age-, sex-, and intelligence-matched controls. The P300 and mismatch negativity (MMN) components were measured during an auditory odd-ball task at baseline in both groups and after the 3-year serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment in OCD patients. Compared with controls, P300 amplitudes were smaller n the OCD group at Fz, Cz, Pz, C3, and C4. After SSRI treatment, P300 amplitudes increased partly at Fz and C4 in association with symptomatic improvements. We found a significant positive correlation between P300 amplitude in C4 and CY-BOCS scores. Our findings confirm the utility of SSRIs in pediatric OCD, and suggest the utility of ERPs for evaluating pharmacological effects in treatment-naïve pediatric OCD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan.
| | - Toyosaku Ota
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Junzo Iida
- Faculty of Nursing, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Naoko Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yoko Nakanishi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | | | - Mitsuhiro Uratani
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Prefectural General Rehabilitation Center, Shiki, Japan
| | - Kosuke Okazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
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Makinodan M, Ikawa D, Miyamoto Y, Yamauchi J, Yamamuro K, Yamashita Y, Toritsuka M, Kimoto S, Okumura K, Yamauchi T, Fukami SI, Yoshino H, Wanaka A, Kishimoto T. Social isolation impairs remyelination in mice through modulation of IL-6. FASEB J 2016; 30:4267-4274. [PMID: 27613805 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600537r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that social experience affects myelination. These findings have important implications for disorders that feature abnormal myelination, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), as previous studies have shown that psychosocial stress exacerbates the pathobiology of MS. However, most studies have focused on psychosocial stress during the demyelination phase of MS and have not investigated the effects of social experience on remyelination. Thus, the current study sought to determine whether social experience can alter remyelination after myelin depletion. Myelin in the mouse medial prefrontal cortex was depleted with cuprizone, and the effects of subsequent social isolation on remyelination were evaluated. Remyelination was severely impaired in socially isolated mice. Social isolation also increased IL-6 levels in the medial prefrontal cortex, and administration of an IL-6 inhibitor (ND50 = 0.01-0.03 μg for 0.25 ng/ml IL-6) ameliorated remyelination impairments. Consistent with this result, IL-6 administration (ED50 = 0.02-0.06 ng/ml) disturbed remyelination. In addition, neuron-oligodendrocyte coculture experiments showed that IL-6 treatment (ED50 ≤ 0.02 ng/ml) markedly impeded myelination, which was recovered with IL-6 inhibitor administration (ND50 = 0.01-0.03 μg for 0.25 ng/ml IL-6). This study provides the first direct evidence, to our knowledge, that social experience influences remyelination via modulation of IL-6 expression. These findings indicate that psychosocial stress may disturb remyelination through regulation of IL-6 expression in patients with such demyelinating diseases that involve remyelination as MS.-Makinodan, M., Ikawa, D., Miyamoto, Y., Yamauchi, J., Yamamuro, K., Yamashita, Y., Toritsuka, M., Kimoto, S., Okumura, K., Yamauchi, T., Fukami, S., Yoshino, H., Wanaka, A., Kishimoto, T. Social isolation impairs remyelination in mice through modulation of IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan;
| | - Daisuke Ikawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Yuki Miyamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Junji Yamauchi
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Yasunori Yamashita
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Michihiro Toritsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Sohei Kimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Kazuki Okumura
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Takahira Yamauchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Fukami
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yoshino
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Akio Wanaka
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
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Yamamuro K, Ota T, Iida J, Nakanishi Y, Matsuura H, Uratani M, Okazaki K, Kishimoto N, Tanaka S, Kishimoto T. Event-related potentials reflect the efficacy of pharmaceutical treatments in children and adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Psychiatry Res 2016; 242:288-294. [PMID: 27318633 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Few objective biological measures of pharmacological treatment efficacy exist for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Although we have previously demonstrated that event-related potentials (ERPs) reflect the effects of osmotic-release methylphenidate in treatment of naïve pediatric patients with ADHD, whether this is true for the therapeutic effects of atomoxetine (ATX) is unknown. Here, we used the Japanese version of the ADHD rating-scale IV to evaluate 14 patients with ADHD, and compared their ERP data with 14 age- and sex-matched controls. We measured P300 and mismatch negativity (MMN) components during an auditory oddball task before treatment (treatment naïve) and after 2 months of ATX treatment. Compared with controls, P300 components at baseline were attenuated and prolonged in the ADHD group at Fz (fronto-central), Cz (centro-parietal), Pz (parietal regions), C3 and C4 electrodes. ATX treatment reduced ADHD symptomology, and after 2 months of treatment, P300 latencies at Fz, Cz, Pz, C3, and C4 electrodes were significantly shorter than those at baseline. Moreover, MMN amplitudes at Cz and C3 electrodes were significantly greater than those at baseline. Thus, ERPs may be useful for evaluating the pharmacological effects of ATX in pediatric and adolescent patients with ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toyosaku Ota
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan.
| | - Junzo Iida
- Faculty of Nursing, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yoko Nakanishi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | | | - Mitsuhiro Uratani
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Prefectural General Rehabilitation Center, Shiki, Japan
| | - Kosuke Okazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Naoko Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Shohei Tanaka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
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Yamamuro K, Kimoto S, Iida J, Kishimoto N, Nakanishi Y, Tanaka S, Ota T, Makinodan M, Kishimoto T. Reduced Prefrontal Cortex Hemodynamic Response in Adults with Methamphetamine Induced Psychosis: Relevance for Impulsivity. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152373. [PMID: 27050450 PMCID: PMC4822936 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with methamphetamine abuse/dependence often exhibit high levels of impulsivity, which may be associated with the structural abnormalities and functional hypoactivities observed in the frontal cortex of these subjects. Although near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a simple and non-invasive method for characterizing the clinical features of various psychiatric illnesses, few studies have used NIRS to directly investigate the association between prefrontal cortical activity and inhibitory control in patients with methamphetamine-induced psychosis (MAP). Using a 24-channel NIRS system, we compared hemodynamic responses during the Stroop color-word task in 14 patients with MAP and 21 healthy controls matched for age, sex and premorbid IQ. In addition, we used the Barrett Impulsivity Scale-11 (BIS-11) to assess impulsivity between subject groups. The MAP group exhibited significantly less activation in the anterior and frontopolar prefrontal cortex accompanied by lower Stroop color-word task performance, compared with controls. Moreover, BIS-11 scores were significantly higher in the MAP group, and were negatively correlated with the hemodynamic responses in prefrontal cortex. Our data suggest that reduced hemodynamic responses in the prefrontal cortex might reflect higher levels of impulsivity in patients with MAP, providing new insights into disrupted inhibitory control observed in MAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Sohei Kimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Junzo Iida
- Faculty of Nursing, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Naoko Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yoko Nakanishi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Shohei Tanaka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toyosaku Ota
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
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Kishimoto N, Yamamuro K, Iida J, Ota T, Tanaka S, Kyo M, Kimoto S, Kishimoto T. Distinctive Rorschach profiles of young adults with schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2016; 12:2403-2410. [PMID: 27703357 PMCID: PMC5036560 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s116223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The differential diagnosis of schizophrenia (SZ) versus autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be clinically challenging because accumulating evidence suggests both clinical and biological overlaps between them. The aim of this study was to compare Rorschach profiles between young adults with SZ and those with ASD. METHODS We evaluated quantitative tendencies on the Rorschach test among 20 patients diagnosed with SZ and 20 diagnosed with ASD. Both groups were matched for age, sex, and intelligence quotient. RESULTS We found significant differences in six response variables on the Rorschach comprehensive system. Those with SZ had significantly higher scores on D score, adjusted D score (Adj D), developmental quality code reflecting ordinary response (DQo), and form quality minus (FQ -) than those with ASD. In contrast, those with SZ had significantly lower scores on the active and developmental quality code reflecting synthesized response (DQ+) subscales than those with ASD. CONCLUSION The present findings reveal that individuals with SZ might have more stress tolerance, stronger perception distortions, and simpler and poorer recognition than those with ASD. We suggest that the Rorschach test might be a useful tool for differentiating between SZ and ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Junzo Iida
- Faculty of Nursing, Nara Medical University School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Masanori Kyo
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyo Mental Clinic, Nara, Japan
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Yamamuro K, Okada K, Kishimoto N, Ota T, Iida J, Kishimoto T. A longitudinal, event-related potential pilot study of adult obsessive-compulsive disorder with 1-year follow-up. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2016; 12:2463-2471. [PMID: 27713631 PMCID: PMC5045237 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s117100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Earlier brain imaging research studies have suggested that brain abnormalities in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) normalize as clinical symptoms improve. However, although many studies have investigated event-related potentials (ERPs) in patients with OCD compared with healthy control subjects, it is currently unknown whether ERP changes reflect pharmacological and psychotherapeutic effects. As such, the current study examined the neurocognitive components of OCD to elucidate the pathophysiological abnormalities involved in the disorder, including the frontal-subcortical circuits. METHODS The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale was used to evaluate 14 adult patients with OCD. The present study also included ten age-, sex-, and IQ-matched controls. The P300 and mismatch negativity (MMN) components during an auditory oddball task at baseline for both groups and after 1 year of treatment for patients with OCD were measured. RESULTS Compared with controls, P300 amplitude was attenuated in the OCD group at Cz and C4 at baseline. Pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy treatment for 1 year reduced OCD symptomology. P300 amplitude after 1 year of treatment was significantly increased, indicating normalization compared with baseline at Fz, Cz, C3, and C4. We found no differences in P300 latency, MMN amplitude, or MMN latency between baseline and after one year of treatment. CONCLUSION ERPs may be a useful tool for evaluating pharmacological and cognitive behavioral therapy in adult patients with OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Koji Okada
- Department of Psychiatry, Jingumaecocorono-Clinic
| | - Naoko Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Toyosaku Ota
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Junzo Iida
- Faculty of Nursing, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
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Yamamuro K, Ota T, Iida J, Nakanishi Y, Kishimoto N, Kishimoto T. Associations between the mismatch-negativity component and symptom severity in children and adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2016; 12:3183-3190. [PMID: 28003754 PMCID: PMC5161404 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s120540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Cognitive impairment is an important predictor of functional outcome in patients with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the neurophysiology of ADHD-related cognitive impairments remains unclear. Event-related potentials (ERPs) represent the noninvasive measurement of neural correlates of cognitive function. Mismatch negativity (MMN) is an ERP component that is presumed to index the preattentive monitoring of changes in the auditory environment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Previous studies have shown altered MMN amplitude and latency in patients with ADHD. However, little is known about the relationship between MMN and ADHD-symptom severity. To address this, we measured the amplitude and latency of MMN in ERPs and assessed correlations with the clinical severity of ADHD, as measured by the ADHD Rating Scale IV - Japanese version. Participants were 51 treatment-naïve children and adolescents with ADHD (mean age 10.42±3.35 years) and 15 normally developing age- and sex-matched children (mean age 11.8±3.36 years). RESULTS In the ADHD group, MMN amplitudes were attenuated at the central electrode and MMN latencies prolonged at the parietal electrode (Pz) relative to those in the control group. Furthermore, MMN amplitudes at Pz were negatively correlated with ADHD full-scale and hyperactivity-impulsivity and inattention subscale scores, and MMN latency at Pz was positively correlated with ADHD hyperactivity-impulsivity subscale scores. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that MMN reflects the severity of ADHD symptoms in children and adolescents, and provides support for the use of ERPs in evaluating ADHD symptoms in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Junzo Iida
- Faculty of Nursing, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
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Yamamuro K. [The Pharmacotherapy of Autism Spectrum Disorder with ADHD Symptoms]. Seishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi 2016; 118:391-398. [PMID: 30620498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Diagnostic and treatment guidelines for childhood attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were first released in Japan in 2003. Since then, there has been numerous changes in how ADHD is treated, such as the approval of slow-release methylphenidate and atomoxetine for use from childhood to adulthood. Demand regarding adult ADHD has also risen, as the symptoms of ADHD can persist into adulthood, and due to problems with high prevalence rates and comorbidities. Moreover, the DSM-5 recognized the coexistence of ADHD and autis- tic spectrum disorder (ASD), which further raised the level of concern. Yet at present, treat- ment guidelines have not been established for ASD with ADHD symptoms, so it is hoped such guidelines will be created quickly. This article provides a brief summary of recent findings on pharmacological therapy for ASD with ADHD symptoms.
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Okazaki K, Makinodan M, Yamamuro K, Takata T, Kishimoto T. Blonanserin treatment in patients with methamphetamine-induced psychosis comorbid with intellectual disabilities. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2016; 12:3195-3198. [PMID: 28008256 PMCID: PMC5167479 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s120374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Methamphetamine (MA) use has recently been associated with high levels of psychiatric hospitalization and serious social dysfunction. MA use causes frequent psychotic symptoms, which can be treated with antipsychotics. However, people with intellectual disabilities (ID) are vulnerable to adverse effects resulting from treatment with antipsychotic medications. METHOD We report two cases of MA-induced psychosis (MAP) in patients with ID who were treated with the antipsychotic blonanserin. RESULTS In both the cases presented, symptoms of psychosis were improved by switching medications from other antipsychotic drugs to blonanserin. Despite the presence of ID in these patients, no significant adverse effects, such as sedation, were detected after treatment with blonanserin. CONCLUSION Blonanserin may be an effective and well-tolerated pharmacotherapeutical treatment for patients with MAP comorbid with ID. However, further work is necessary to validate this claim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Okazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Takata
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
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Yamamuro K, Ota T, Nakanishi Y, Matsuura H, Okazaki K, Kishimoto N, Takahashi H, Iwasaka H, Iida J, Kishimoto T. Event-related potentials in drug-naïve pediatric patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Res 2015; 230:394-9. [PMID: 26410771 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is one of the most common mental health disorders, characterized by obsessive thoughts and/or compulsive behaviors, which may involve specific disorders in cognition and/or information processing. Event-related potentials (ERPs) are commonly used as physiological measures of cognitive function as they are easily measured and noninvasive. In the present study, 20 drug-naïve pediatric patients with OCD were compared with 20 healthy control participants who were age- and sex-matched to perform the ERP. Based on the guidelines for evoked potential measurement, the P300 and mismatch negativity (MMN) were obtained by auditory odd-ball tasks. We found that the amplitudes of the P300 components in the Fz, Cz, Pz, C3, and C4 regions were significantly smaller in the OCD group compared with the control group. There were no between-group differences in P300 latency, MMN amplitude, or MMN latency. Moreover, we found significant correlations between scores on the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) and P300 amplitudes at Cz, Pz, and C3. The present study is the first to report smaller P300s and the associations between P300 abnormalities and CY-BOCS scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toyosaku Ota
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan.
| | - Yoko Nakanishi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | | | - Kosuke Okazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Naoko Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | | | - Hidemi Iwasaka
- Department of Education, Nara University of Education, Nara, Japan
| | - Junzo Iida
- Faculty of Nursing, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
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Yamamuro K, Kimoto S, Rosen KM, Kishimoto T, Makinodan M. Potential primary roles of glial cells in the mechanisms of psychiatric disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:154. [PMID: 26029044 PMCID: PMC4432872 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
While neurons have long been considered the major player in multiple brain functions such as perception, emotion, and memory, glial cells have been relegated to a far lesser position, acting as merely a “glue” to support neurons. Multiple lines of recent evidence, however, have revealed that glial cells such as oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and microglia, substantially impact on neuronal function and activities and are significantly involved in the underlying pathobiology of psychiatric disorders. Indeed, a growing body of evidence indicates that glial cells interact extensively with neurons both chemically (e.g., through neurotransmitters, neurotrophic factors, and cytokines) and physically (e.g., through gap junctions), supporting a role for these cells as likely significant modifiers not only of neural function in brain development but also disease pathobiology. Since questions have lingered as to whether glial dysfunction plays a primary role in the biology of neuropsychiatric disorders or a role related solely to their support of neuronal physiology in these diseases, informative and predictive animal models have been developed over the last decade. In this article, we review recent findings uncovered using glia-specific genetically modified mice with which we can evaluate both the causation of glia dysfunction and its potential role in neuropsychiatric disorders such as autism and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara Japan
| | - Sohei Kimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara Japan
| | | | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara Japan
| | - Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara Japan
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Yamamuro K, Ota T, Iida J, Nakanishi Y, Uratani M, Matsuura H, Kishimoto N, Tanaka S, Negoro H, Kishimoto T. Prefrontal dysfunction in pediatric Tourette's disorder as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy. BMC Psychiatry 2015; 15:102. [PMID: 25934008 PMCID: PMC4422308 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-015-0472-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tourette's disorder (TD) is a chronic childhood-onset disorder characterized by the presence of multiple motor and vocal tics. Despite strong evidence that the pathophysiology of TD involves structural and functional disturbances of the basal ganglia and cortical frontal areas, in vivo imaging studies have produced conflicting results. Recent developments in near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology have enabled noninvasive assessment of brain function in people with psychiatric disorders. METHODS We asked 10 individuals with pediatric TD and 10 healthy controls who were age- and sex- matched to perform the Stroop color-word task during NIRS. We used prefrontal probes and a 24-channel NIRS machine to measure the relative concentrations of oxyhemoglobin (oxy-Hb) every 0.1 s during the task. RESULTS We found that oxy-Hb changes in the prefrontal cortex were significantly smaller in the TD group compared with the control group, especially in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that individuals with pediatric TD have a reduced prefrontal hemodynamic response as measured by NIRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijyou-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Toyosaku Ota
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijyou-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Junzo Iida
- Faculty of Nursing, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
| | - Yoko Nakanishi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijyou-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiro Uratani
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Prefectural General Rehabilitation Center, Shiki, Nara, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Matsuura
- Department of Psychiatry, Tenri Hospital, Tenri, Nara, Japan.
| | - Naoko Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijyou-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Shohei Tanaka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijyou-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Hideki Negoro
- Department of Education, Nara University of Education, Nara, Japan.
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijyou-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
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Ota T, Iida J, Nakanishi Y, Sawada S, Matsuura H, Yamamuro K, Ueda S, Uratani M, Kishimoto N, Negoro H, Kishimoto T. Increased prefrontal hemodynamic change after atomoxetine administration in pediatric attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2015; 69:161-70. [PMID: 25359429 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Atomoxetine, approved in Japan for the treatment of pediatric attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in April 2009, is a nonstimulant that is thought to act presynaptically via the inhibition of norepinephrine reuptake. Near-infrared spectroscopy is a non-invasive optical tool that can be used to study oxygenation and hemodynamic changes in the cerebral cortex. The present study examined the effects of a clinical dose of atomoxetine on changes in prefrontal hemodynamic activity in children with ADHD, as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy using the Stroop Color-Word Task. METHODS Ten children with ADHD participated in the present study. We used 24-channel near-infrared spectroscopy to measure the relative concentrations of oxyhemoglobin in the frontal lobes of participants in the drug-naïve condition and those who had received atomoxetine for 8 weeks. Measurements were conducted every 0.1 s during the Stroop Color-Word Task. We used the ADHD Rating Scale-IV-Japanese version (Home Version) to evaluate ADHD symptoms. RESULTS We found a significant decrease in ADHD Rating Scale-IV-Japanese version scores, from 30.7 to 22.6 (P=0.003). During the Stroop Color-Word Task, we found significantly higher levels of oxyhemoglobin changes in the prefrontal cortex of participants in the atomoxetine condition compared with those in the drug-naïve condition. CONCLUSIONS This increase in oxyhemoglobin changes might indicate an intensified prefrontal hemodynamic response induced by atomoxetine. Near-infrared spectroscopy is a sensitive tool for measuring the pharmacological effects of atomoxetine in children with ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toyosaku Ota
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
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