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Roehrig S, Ackerstaff J, Jiménez Núñez E, Teller H, Ellerbrock P, Meier K, Heitmeier S, Tersteegen A, Stampfuss J, Lang D, Schlemmer KH, Schaefer M, Gericke KM, Kinzel T, Meibom D, Schmidt M, Gerdes C, Follmann M, Hillisch A. Design and Preclinical Characterization Program toward Asundexian (BAY 2433334), an Oral Factor XIa Inhibitor for the Prevention and Treatment of Thromboembolic Disorders. J Med Chem 2023; 66:12203-12224. [PMID: 37669040 PMCID: PMC10510402 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Activated coagulation factor XI (FXIa) is a highly attractive antithrombotic target as it contributes to the development and progression of thrombosis but is thought to play only a minor role in hemostasis so that its inhibition may allow for decoupling of antithrombotic efficacy and bleeding time prolongation. Herein, we report our major efforts to identify an orally bioavailable, reversible FXIa inhibitor. Using a protein structure-based de novo design approach, we identified a novel micromolar hit with attractive physicochemical properties. During lead modification, a critical problem was balancing potency and absorption by focusing on the most important interactions of the lead series with FXIa while simultaneously seeking to improve metabolic stability and the cytochrome P450 interaction profile. In clinical trials, the resulting compound from our extensive research program, asundexian (BAY 2433334), proved to possess the desired DMPK properties for once-daily oral dosing, and even more importantly, the initial pharmacological hypothesis was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Roehrig
- Pharmaceuticals, Research
and Development, Bayer AG, 42133 Wuppertal, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Stefan Heitmeier
- Pharmaceuticals, Research
and Development, Bayer AG, 42133 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Adrian Tersteegen
- Pharmaceuticals, Research
and Development, Bayer AG, 42133 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Jan Stampfuss
- Pharmaceuticals, Research
and Development, Bayer AG, 42133 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Dieter Lang
- Pharmaceuticals, Research
and Development, Bayer AG, 42133 Wuppertal, Germany
| | | | | | - Kersten M. Gericke
- Pharmaceuticals, Research
and Development, Bayer AG, 42133 Wuppertal, Germany
| | | | - Daniel Meibom
- Pharmaceuticals, Research
and Development, Bayer AG, 42133 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Martina Schmidt
- Pharmaceuticals, Research
and Development, Bayer AG, 42133 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Christoph Gerdes
- Pharmaceuticals, Research
and Development, Bayer AG, 42133 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Markus Follmann
- Pharmaceuticals, Research
and Development, Bayer AG, 42133 Wuppertal, Germany
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2
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Hillisch A, Gericke KM, Allerheiligen S, Roehrig S, Schaefer M, Tersteegen A, Schulz S, Lienau P, Gnoth M, Puetter V, Hillig RC, Heitmeier S. Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Characterization of a Neutral, Non-Prodrug Thrombin Inhibitor with Good Oral Pharmacokinetics. J Med Chem 2020; 63:12574-12594. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hillisch
- Research and Development, Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, 42103 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Kersten M. Gericke
- Research and Development, Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, 42103 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Swen Allerheiligen
- Research and Development, Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, 42103 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Susanne Roehrig
- Research and Development, Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, 42103 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Martina Schaefer
- Research and Development, Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Adrian Tersteegen
- Research and Development, Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, 42103 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Simone Schulz
- Research and Development, Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, 42103 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Philip Lienau
- Research and Development, Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mark Gnoth
- Research and Development, Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, 42103 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Vera Puetter
- Research and Development, Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Roman C. Hillig
- Research and Development, Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Heitmeier
- Research and Development, Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, 42103 Wuppertal, Germany
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3
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Beck H, Thaler T, Meibom D, Meininghaus M, Jörißen H, Dietz L, Terjung C, Bairlein M, von Bühler CJ, Anlauf S, Fürstner C, Stellfeld T, Schneider D, Gericke KM, Buyck T, Lovis K, Münster U, Anlahr J, Kersten E, Levilain G, Marossek V, Kast R. Potent and Selective Human Prostaglandin F (FP) Receptor Antagonist (BAY-6672) for the Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF). J Med Chem 2020; 63:11639-11662. [PMID: 32969660 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rare and devastating chronic lung disease of unknown etiology. Despite the approved treatment options nintedanib and pirfenidone, the medical need for a safe and well-tolerated antifibrotic treatment of IPF remains high. The human prostaglandin F receptor (hFP-R) is widely expressed in the lung tissue and constitutes an attractive target for the treatment of fibrotic lung diseases. Herein, we present our research toward novel quinoline-based hFP-R antagonists, including synthesis and detailed structure-activity relationship (SAR). Starting from a high-throughput screening (HTS) hit of our corporate compound library, multiple parameter improvements-including increase of the relative oral bioavailability Frel from 3 to ≥100%-led to a highly potent and selective hFP-R antagonist with complete oral absorption from suspension. BAY-6672 (46) represents-to the best of our knowledge-the first reported FP-R antagonist to demonstrate in vivo efficacy in a preclinical animal model of lung fibrosis, thus paving the way for a new treatment option in IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hartmut Beck
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Tobias Thaler
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Daniel Meibom
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Mark Meininghaus
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Hannah Jörißen
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Lisa Dietz
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Carsten Terjung
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Michaela Bairlein
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | | | - Sonja Anlauf
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Chantal Fürstner
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Timo Stellfeld
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dirk Schneider
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Kersten M Gericke
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Thomas Buyck
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Kai Lovis
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Uwe Münster
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Johanna Anlahr
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kersten
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Guillaume Levilain
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Virginia Marossek
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Raimund Kast
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
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Abstract
A method for the coupling of aryl chlorides and thiophenols using an air-stable nickel(0) catalyst is described. This thioetherification procedure can be effectively applied to a range of electronically diverse aryl/heteroaryl chlorides without more expensive metal catalysts such as palladium, iridium, or ruthenium. This investigation also illustrates both, a variety of thiol coupling partners and, in certain cases, the use of Cs2CO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran D Jones
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia (M310) , 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009, Australia.,Bayer AG , Pharmaceuticals Division, Drug Discovery, Aprather Weg 18a, Elberfeld, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Dennis J Power
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia (M310) , 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009, Australia
| | - Donald Bierer
- Bayer AG , Pharmaceuticals Division, Drug Discovery, Aprather Weg 18a, Elberfeld, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Kersten M Gericke
- Bayer AG , Pharmaceuticals Division, Drug Discovery, Aprather Weg 18a, Elberfeld, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Scott G Stewart
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia (M310) , 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009, Australia
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Jones KD, Rixson JE, Skelton BW, Gericke KM, Stewart SG. The Total Synthesis of Heraclemycin B through β-Ketosulfoxide and Aldehyde Annulation. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201500184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kieran D. Jones
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; The University of Western Australia (M310); 35 Stirling Highway Crawley WA 6009 (Australia)
| | - James E. Rixson
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; The University of Western Australia (M310); 35 Stirling Highway Crawley WA 6009 (Australia)
| | - Brian W. Skelton
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis; The University of Western Australia; Crawley WA 6009 Australia
| | | | - Scott G. Stewart
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; The University of Western Australia (M310); 35 Stirling Highway Crawley WA 6009 (Australia)
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Rixson JE, Skelton BW, Koutsantonis GA, Gericke KM, Stewart SG. Domino Reactions for the Synthesis of Anthrapyran-2-ones and the Total Synthesis of the Natural Product (±)-BE-26554A. Org Lett 2013; 15:4834-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol402240v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- James E. Rixson
- The School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia, and Bayer Pharma AG, Medicinal Chemistry, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Brian W. Skelton
- The School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia, and Bayer Pharma AG, Medicinal Chemistry, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - George A. Koutsantonis
- The School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia, and Bayer Pharma AG, Medicinal Chemistry, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Kersten M. Gericke
- The School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia, and Bayer Pharma AG, Medicinal Chemistry, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Scott G. Stewart
- The School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia, and Bayer Pharma AG, Medicinal Chemistry, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
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Gericke KM, Chai DI, Lautens M. The versatile role of norbornene in C–H functionalization processes: concise synthesis of tetracyclic fused pyrroles via a threefold domino reaction. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.01.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Tietze LF, Singidi RR, Gericke KM, Böckemeier H, Laatsch H. Isolation, Enantioselective Total Synthesis and Structure Determination of the Anthrapyran Metabolite SS 43405-e. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Abstract
The first total synthesis of the proposed structure of delta-indomycinone has been accomplished. The key steps involve the Diels-Alder reaction of a bromonaphthoquinone (6) and 1-methoxy-3-methyl-1-trimethylsiloxy-1,3-butadiene (7) to access the anthraquinone skeleton, representing a common building block of other naturally occurring anthraquinone antibiotics, regioselective bromination of anthraquinone (14) and a highly diastereoselective alkylation of enantiomerically pure dioxolanone 8. The reported synthetic approach has the advantage of high yields, excellent selectivity and a remarkable general applicability for the total synthesis of other anthrapyran natural products. The spectroscopic data obtained for the synthetic compounds 2 and 36 are not in agreement with those reported for the natural product, and therefore revision of the assigned structure is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz F Tietze
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, Göttingen, Germany.
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Tietze LF, Gericke KM, Schuberth I. Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Anthraquinones and Evaluation of Their Antitumor Activity. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Tietze LF, Gericke KM, Singidi RR, Schuberth I. Novel strategies for the synthesis of anthrapyran antibiotics: discovery of a new antitumor agent and total synthesis of (S)-espicufolin. Org Biomol Chem 2007; 5:1191-200. [PMID: 17406717 DOI: 10.1039/b700838d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two high-yielding strategies for the synthesis of 4H-anthra[1,2-b]pyran antibiotics have been developed giving access to novel antitumor agent (ED(50) 1.5 microm) and to (S)-espicufolin (3). A key step for the assembly of the tetracyclic 4H-anthra[1,2-b]pyran-4,7,12-trione skeleton is the nucleophilic addition of an aryl lithium species onto an aldehyde which allows the introduction of either an ynone or 1,3-diketo side chain, serving as precursors for an acid-catalysed cyclisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz F Tietze
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
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Tietze LF, Singidi RR, Gericke KM. First Enantioselective Total Synthesis and Structure Determination of the Anthrapyran Metabolite γ-Indomycinone. Org Lett 2006; 8:5873-6. [PMID: 17134294 DOI: 10.1021/ol062492b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The first total synthesis of (R)-gamma-indomycinone has been achieved which allowed the determination of the configuration of the stereogenic center of natural gamma-indomycinone as (S). The approach stands out for its generality and efficiency. [reaction: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz F Tietze
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-University, Tammannstrasse 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Tietze LF, Gericke KM, Güntner C. First Total Synthesis of the Bioactive Anthraquinone Kwanzoquinone C and Related Natural Products by a Diels–Alder Approach. European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200600634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Tietze LF, Gericke KM, Singidi RR. Enantioselektive Totalsynthese und Strukturaufklärung des antiherpetischen Anthrapyran-Antibiotikums AH-1763 IIa. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200601992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Tietze LF, Gericke KM, Singidi RR. Enantioselective Total Synthesis and Structure Determination of the Antiherpetic Anthrapyran Antibiotic AH-1763 IIa. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:6990-3. [PMID: 17009355 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200601992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lutz F Tietze
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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Tietze LF, Güntner C, Gericke KM, Schuberth I, Bunkoczi G. A Diels-Alder Reaction for the Total Synthesis of the Novel Antibiotic Antitumor Agent Mensacarcin. European J Org Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200400826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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