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Hashmi S, Shaheen M, Adil S, Ahmed P, Ahmed S, Ben Abdeljelil N, Alabdulwahab A, Albeihany A, Aldaama S, Al-Khabori M, Alkindi S, Almohareb F, Alsaeed A, Alseraihy A, Alshemari S, Ayas M, Chaudhri N, Da'na W, Dennison D, ElQuessar A, Elhaddad A, Ibrahim A, Hashem H, Jastaniah W, Mawardi H, Nassar A, Satti T, Torjemane L, Tabbara K, El Solh H, Albeirouti B, Aljurf M. Unique aspects of Graft-versus-host-disease management in the Eastern Mediterranean region: Report from the Eastern Mediterranean blood and marrow transplantation group: Special report. Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Ther 2023; 16:303-306. [PMID: 32413418 DOI: 10.1016/j.hemonc.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shahrukh Hashmi
- Department of Adult Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, KFSHRC, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marwan Shaheen
- Department of Adult Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, KFSHRC, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman Adil
- Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Parvez Ahmed
- Quaid-e-Azam International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ahmed
- Department of Adult Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, KFSHRC, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Saad Aldaama
- King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Fahad Almohareb
- Department of Adult Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, KFSHRC, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alsaeed
- King Abdulaziz Medical City-National Guard Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Alseraihy
- Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, KFSHRC, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mouhab Ayas
- Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, KFSHRC, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naeem Chaudhri
- Department of Adult Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, KFSHRC, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Asma ElQuessar
- Hematology, pediatric oncology, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | | | - Ahmad Ibrahim
- Makassed Hospital, Lebanese University, Lebanon
- Middle East Hospital, Lebanese University, Lebanon
| | | | - Wasil Jastaniah
- King Abdulaziz Medical City-National Guard Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Mawardi
- King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Dentistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Nassar
- Prince Sultan Military Medical Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Satti
- National Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplant, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Hassan El Solh
- Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, KFSHRC, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bassim Albeirouti
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Aljurf
- Department of Adult Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, KFSHRC, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Farid E, Mumtaz M, Hajji F, Ebrahim RA, Abdulla H, Tabbara K. T Regulatory Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis with Reference to Anti-Citrullinated Peptide Antibody and TNF-alpha Inhibitor Therapy. Egypt J Immunol 2020; 27:55-63. [PMID: 33180388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
T regulatory cells (Tregs) plays an important role in maintaining self-tolerance and preventing autoimmune diseases by inhibiting proliferation and cytokine production of self-reactive T cells. Controversy was reported regarding the frequency of CD4+CD25+ Tregs in the peripheral circulation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients compared to normal controls. Also, some showed that treatment with TNF-α inhibitor restored the capacity of Tregs. This work aimed to study Tregs in the peripheral blood of RA patients versus control in addition to those on TNF-α inhibitor therapy compared to those who have not received it and to correlate with status of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA). Two groups of RA patients were studied; one on TNF-α inhibitor therapy and the other not. Additionally, age-matched apparently healthy controls were studied. The percentage of CD4+CD25+ T cells in the total lymphocytic cell population was determined by flow cytometry analysis while ACPA concentration was measured by a second-generation peptide-based ELISA. Mean level of Tregs was significantly lower in the studied RA patients compared to the control group. Patients in early disease (0-5 years) had low mean Tregs percentage compared to patients with long duration of disease (> 10 years) (P=0.044). Patients on TNF-α blocker therapy had elevated Tregs percentage relative to patients on methotrexate (MTX) (P=0.022) and other therapies. No effect of gender or age was found on Tregs levels. In RA patients, 85.4% were ACPA seropositive and 65.9% of seropositive patients have concentration of > 100U/ml. The mean Treg percentage was significantly lower in ACPA seronegative group compared to the seropositive group (P=0.013). In conclusion, the studied RA patients have low Treg, and TNF-α blocker therapy increased its number, compared to other therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Farid
- Department of Pathology, Immunology Section, Salmanyia Medical Complex Hospital, Ministry of Health, Bahrain
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Student Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| | - Mariam Mumtaz
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Student Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| | - Fatima Hajji
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Salmanyia Medical Complex Hospital, Ministry of Health, Bahrain
| | - Reda A Ebrahim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Salmanyia Medical Complex Hospital, Ministry of Health, Bahrain
| | - Heba Abdulla
- Department of Medica, College of Medicine, Student Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| | - Khalid Tabbara
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Student Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
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3
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Inamoto Y, Petriček I, Burns L, Chhabra S, DeFilipp Z, Hematti P, Rovó A, Schears R, Shah A, Agrawal V, Ahmed A, Ahmed I, Ali A, Aljurf M, Alkhateeb H, Beitinjaneh A, Bhatt N, Buchbinder D, Byrne M, Callander N, Fahnehjelm K, Farhadfar N, Gale RP, Ganguly S, Hashmi S, Hildebrandt GC, Horn E, Jakubowski A, Kamble RT, Law J, Lee C, Nathan S, Penack O, Pingali R, Prasad P, Pulanic D, Rotz S, Shreenivas A, Steinberg A, Tabbara K, Tichelli A, Wirk B, Yared J, Basak GW, Battiwalla M, Duarte R, Savani BN, Flowers MED, Shaw BE, Valdés-Sanz N. Non-Graft-versus-Host Disease Ocular Complications after Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: Expert Review from the Late Effects and Quality of Life Working Committee of the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research and the Transplant Complications Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2018; 25:e145-e154. [PMID: 30521975 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2018.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Non-graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) ocular complications are generally uncommon after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) but can cause prolonged morbidity affecting activities of daily living and quality of life. Here we provide an expert review of non-GVHD ocular complications in a collaboration between transplantation physicians and ophthalmologists through the Late Effects and Quality of Life Working Committee of the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research and the Transplant Complications Working Party of the European Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Complications discussed in this review include cataracts, glaucoma, ocular infections, ocular involvement with malignancy, ischemic microvascular retinopathy, central retinal vein occlusion, retinal hemorrhage, retinal detachment and ocular toxicities associated with medications. We summarize the incidence, risk factors, screening, prevention, and treatment of individual complications and generate evidence-based recommendations. Baseline ocular evaluation before HCT should be considered in all patients who undergo HCT. Follow-up evaluations should be considered according to clinical signs and symptoms and risk factors. Better preventive strategies and treatments remain to be investigated for individual ocular complications after HCT. Both transplantation physicians and ophthalmologists should be knowledgeable about non-GVHD ocular complications and provide comprehensive collaborative team care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Inamoto
- Division of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Igor Petriček
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zagreb University Clinical Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Linda Burns
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, National Marrow Donor Program/Be the Match, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Saurabh Chhabra
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Zachariah DeFilipp
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peiman Hematti
- Division of Hematology/Oncology/Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Alicia Rovó
- Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Raquel Schears
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Ami Shah
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Lucille Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| | - Vaibhav Agrawal
- Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Aisha Ahmed
- University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Ibrahim Ahmed
- Department of Hematology Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, The Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Asim Ali
- Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mahmoud Aljurf
- Department of Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Alkhateeb
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Neel Bhatt
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Dave Buchbinder
- Division of Pediatrics Hematology, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California
| | - Michael Byrne
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | - Kristina Fahnehjelm
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, St Erik Eye Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nosha Farhadfar
- University of Florida Health Shands Hospital, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Robert Peter Gale
- Hematology Research Centre, Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Siddhartha Ganguly
- Division of Hematological Malignancy and Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Health System, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Shahrukh Hashmi
- Department of Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Erich Horn
- University of Florida Health Shands Hospital, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Ann Jakubowski
- Division of Hematologic Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Rammurti T Kamble
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Jason Law
- Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Catherine Lee
- Utah Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Olaf Penack
- Divison of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Charité University Medicine, Campus Rudolf Virchow, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Pinki Prasad
- Lousiana State University Children's Hospital, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Drazen Pulanic
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Seth Rotz
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Aditya Shreenivas
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Amir Steinberg
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Khalid Tabbara
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - André Tichelli
- Hematology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Baldeep Wirk
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jean Yared
- Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Grzegorz W Basak
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Minoo Battiwalla
- Hematology Branch, Sarah Cannon Center for Blood Cancer, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Rafael Duarte
- Hematopoietic Transplantation and Hemato-oncology Section, Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bipin N Savani
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Mary E D Flowers
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Bronwen E Shaw
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Nuria Valdés-Sanz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lacrimal and salivary gland with subsequent keratoconjunctivitis sicca and xerostomia. Histopathologic findings include damaged acini of the lacrimal and salivary glands with mononuclear cell infiltrates of lymphocytic and plasma cell type. The cause of the damage is cell-mediated cytotoxicity. The pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome is still unknown. The role of viral infections failed to show a causative effect. On the other hand, tissue destruction was shown to be mediated by activated T cells of CD4+ type that home into the lacrimal gland. This process is signal-mediated through the T-cell receptor that interacts with class II antigen on the epithelial cells of exocrine glands. This, in turn, induces the expression of Fas/APO-1 and Fas-mediated apoptosis of acinar cells. Granzyme A and perforin are cytolytic enzymes secreted by activated T lymphocytes that seem to participate in acinar cell destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Tabbara
- Ophthalmology Department, College of
Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh
- Eye Center, The Eye Foundation for
Research in Ophthalmology, Riyadh - Saudi Arabia
| | - N. Sharara
- Eye Center, The Eye Foundation for
Research in Ophthalmology, Riyadh - Saudi Arabia
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5
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Chiambaretta F, Garraffo R, Elena P, Pouliquen P, Delval L, Rigal D, Dubray C, Goldschmidt P, Tabbara K, Cochereau I. Tear Concentrations of Azithromycin following Topical Administration of a Single Dose of Azithromycin 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% Eyedrops (T1225) in Healthy Volunteers. Eur J Ophthalmol 2018; 18:13-20. [DOI: 10.1177/112067210801800103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate azithromycin tear concentrations after one drop of T1225 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% eyedrops. Methods In this randomized, double-masked study, 91 healthy volunteers received one drop into each eye of T1225 0.5% (n=23), T1225 1.0% (n=38), or T1225 1.5% (n=38). Azithromycin tear concentrations were measured by HPLC-MS at seven time points for 24 hours. Tolerability was evaluated. Results T1225 1.0% and 1.5% had similar pharmacokinetic profiles. After a post-instillation peak (167 to 178 mg/L after 10 minutes), mean concentrations remained above 7 mg/L for 24 hours (except for T1225 1% at H24). A delayed increase of the azithromycin mean tear concentration might be explained by the known late azithromycin release from tissues after storage in cells. Areas under inhibitory curve (AUICs) of T1225 1.0% and 1.5% were higher than AUICs of T1225 0.5% and ranged between 47 and 90. The three T1225 concentrations were safe for the ocular surface. Conclusions Once daily instillation of T1225 1.0% and 1.5% was shown to reach an AUIC markedly above the required threshold for an antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (25–35). These results suggest that a BID instillation is more likely to ensure antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria (threshold >100).
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Chiambaretta
- Centre de Pharmacologie Clinique, Bâtiment du Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand - France
| | - R. Garraffo
- Centre de Pharmacologie Clinique, Bâtiment du Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand - France
| | - P.P. Elena
- Centre de Pharmacologie Clinique, Bâtiment du Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand - France
| | - P. Pouliquen
- Centre de Pharmacologie Clinique, Bâtiment du Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand - France
| | - L. Delval
- Centre de Pharmacologie Clinique, Bâtiment du Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand - France
| | - D. Rigal
- Centre de Pharmacologie Clinique, Bâtiment du Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand - France
| | - C. Dubray
- Centre de Pharmacologie Clinique, Bâtiment du Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand - France
| | - P. Goldschmidt
- Centre de Pharmacologie Clinique, Bâtiment du Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand - France
| | - K. Tabbara
- Centre de Pharmacologie Clinique, Bâtiment du Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand - France
| | - I. Cochereau
- Centre de Pharmacologie Clinique, Bâtiment du Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand - France
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Abstract
Since there is no pathognomonic clinical sign or laboratory test to distinguish Behçet disease from other uveitic entities, the diagnosis must be made based on characteristic ocular and systemic findings in the absence of evidence of other disease that can explain the findings. Ancillary tests, including ocular and brain imaging studies, are used to assess the severity of intraocular inflammation and systemic manifestations of Behçet disease, to identify latent infections and other medical conditions that might worsen with systemic treatment, and to monitor for adverse effects of drugs used. There are two diagnostic or classification criteria in general use by the uveitis community, one from Japan and one from an international group; both rely on a minimum number and/or combination of clinical findings to identify Behçet disease. Finally, several grading schemes have been proposed to assess severity of ocular disease and response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle A Okada
- Kyorin Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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7
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Abstract
Dengue is a mosquito-borne infection caused by a flavivirus. I describe the ocular findings observed in two patients infected with dengue virus who presented with acute onset of loss of vision preceded by febrile illness, malaise, generalized fatigue headache, and maculopapular rash. Ophthalmologic evaluation in each patient revealed a normal anterior segment. Vitreous cells were noted in one patient. Ophthalmoscopy revealed multiple foci of retinochoroiditis, vasculitis, cotton-wool spots, and retinal hemorrhages. The healing of the lesion showed discrete atrophic and pigmented retinochoroiditic scars. Fluorescein angiography displayed early hypofluorescence and late hyperfluorescence suggestive of leakage. The healed scars showed late staining. The serologic testing showed elevated IgG antibodies, and one had high IgM antibodies to dengue virus. Ocular findings of dengue fever consist of multifocal areas of retinochoroiditis and may lead to loss of vision. In Saudi Arabia, dengue fever should be considered in the differential diagnosis of multifocal chorioretinal lesions and retinal vasculitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Tabbara
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Eye Center and The Eye Foundation for Research in Ophthalmology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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8
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Imtiaz F, Taibah K, Bin-Khamis G, Kennedy S, Hemidan A, Al-Qahtani F, Tabbara K, Mubarak BA, Ramzan K, Meyer BF, Al-Owain M. USH1G with unique retinal findings caused by a novel truncating mutation identified by genome-wide linkage analysis. Mol Vis 2012; 18:1885-94. [PMID: 22876113 PMCID: PMC3413430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Usher syndrome (USH) is an autosomal recessive disorder divided into three distinct clinical subtypes based on the severity of the hearing loss, manifestation of vestibular dysfunction, and the age of onset of retinitis pigmentosa and visual symptoms. To date, mutations in seven different genes have been reported to cause USH type 1 (USH1), the most severe form. Patients diagnosed with USH1 are known to be ideal candidates to benefit from cochlear implantation. METHODS Genome-wide linkage analysis using Affymetrix GeneChip Human Mapping 10K arrays were performed in three cochlear implanted Saudi siblings born from a consanguineous marriage, clinically diagnosed with USH1 by comprehensive clinical, audiological, and ophthalmological examinations. From the linkage results, the USH1G gene was screened for mutations by direct sequencing of the coding exons. RESULTS We report the identification of a novel p.S243X truncating mutation in USH1G that segregated with the disease phenotype and was not present in 300 ethnically matched normal controls. We also report on the novel retinal findings and the outcome of cochlear implantation in the affected individuals. CONCLUSIONS In addition to reporting a novel truncating mutation, this report expands the retinal phenotype in USH1G and presents the first report of successful cochlear implants in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiqa Imtiaz
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ghada Bin-Khamis
- Department of Otolaryngology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shelley Kennedy
- Ontario Newborn Screening Program, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amal Hemidan
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Al-Qahtani
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Tabbara
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bashayer Al Mubarak
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khushnooda Ramzan
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Brian F. Meyer
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al-Owain
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,College of Medicine, Al-Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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10
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11
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Tabbara K, Sharara N. Sjögren's syndrome: pathogenesis. Eur J Ophthalmol 1999; 9:1-7. [PMID: 10230585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lacrimal and salivary gland with subsequent keratoconjunctivitis sicca and xerostomia. Histopathologic findings include damaged acini of the lacrimal and salivary glands with mononuclear cell infiltrates of lymphocytic and plasma cell type. The cause of the damage is cell-mediated cytotoxicity. The pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome is still unknown. The role of viral infections failed to show a causative effect. On the other hand, tissue destruction was shown to be mediated by activated T cells of CD4+ type that home into the lacrimal gland. This process is signal-mediated through the T-cell receptor that interacts with class II antigen on the epithelial cells of exocrine glands. This, in turn, induces the expression of Fas/APO-1 and Fas-mediated apoptosis of acinar cells. Granzyme A and perforin are cytolytic enzymes secreted by activated T lymphocytes that seem to participate in acinar cell destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tabbara
- Ophthalmology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Abstract
Kohl is a traditional powder-like mixture used as an eyeliner and to treat eye disease in many Middle and Far East countries. We studied kohl use among 360 individuals selected at random in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Kohl was used by 13% of males and 26% of females, especially the elderly and illiterate. Forty percent of females with children applied kohl to the eyes of their children during the first postnatal month. Analysis of five commercially available traditional kohl samples showed that some preparations have a high pH and a high lead concentration (88%), indicating that most preparations are lead-based rather than antimony-based. It is interesting to find that some kohl preparation have a weak antimicrobial effect against Streptococcus, Staphylococcus and Proteus species. The use of lead-based kohl is still a common and serious practice and should be discouraged, especially in children. The role of traditional kohl use in the pathogenesis of common ocular external diseases prevalent in Middle and Far East countries merits in investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Al-Kaff
- King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, and Biological and Medical Research Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Tabbara K. Cyclosporine as a probe in ophthalmology: Effects of cyclosporine on conjunctival mast cell subtypes. Exp Eye Res 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-4835(92)90286-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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14
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Tabbara K. Mast cell subtypes in allergic conjunctivitis. Exp Eye Res 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-4835(92)90636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Polit F, Anwar M, Tabbara K, el-Maghraby A. Subepithelial reticular cicatrization following radial keratotomy in a patient with inactive trachoma. Refract Corneal Surg 1992; 8:240-1. [PMID: 1633145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opacification of the clear optical zone following radial keratotomy has not been observed before. METHODS AND RESULTS The authors noted the appearance of subepithelial dense white reticular cicatrization in the central area following radial keratotomy in a patient with inactive trachoma and clear cornea. The corneal changes resulted in regression of the surgical effect and decrease in visual acuity. A good visual result was obtained by performing homoplastic myopic keratomileusis in situ. Clinical and histopathological findings are presented. CONCLUSIONS Patients undergoing radial keratotomy should be carefully screened for inactive trachoma which may contribute toward postoperative reticulate opacity of the central cornea.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Polit
- Department of Ophthalmology, El-Maghraby Eye Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Polit F, Anwar M, Tabbara K, El-Maghraby A. Subepithelial Reticular Cicatrization Following Radial Keratotomy in a Patient With Inactive Trachoma. J Refract Surg 1992. [DOI: 10.3928/1081-597x-19920501-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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