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Shim KB, In JJ, Lee JB, Han HG, Son SA, Lee WJ, Bae YJ, Kwon GY, An BK. Effects of the physical structure and surface charge of activated carbon on the reduction of biogenic amines in anchovy fish sauce. Food Chem 2024; 443:138399. [PMID: 38280364 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to efficiently reduce a large number of biogenic amines in salt-fermented fish sauce while minimizing sensory reduction using various activated carbons. Aromatic amines, such as tryptamine and phenethylamine, were reduced by 86.1-100 % after treating with activated carbon. Histamine with a heterocyclic structure decreased by 13-42 %. No significant effects were observed on the levels of aliphatic amines, putrescine, cadaverine, spermine, and spermidine. The major taste component, amino acid nitrogen, was reduced to within 3 %, and brown color removal was reduced depending on the type of activated carbon used. Acid-modified AC-A and AC-B had rough surfaces, high total acidity, low point of zero charge (pHpzc), and rich surface functional groups. Owing to its smooth surface, low total acidity, high pHpzc, and few surface functional groups, AC-C exhibited a higher histamine elimination and less color reduction despite its lower surface area compared to other activated carbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kil Bo Shim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jung-Jin In
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Bong Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Gu Han
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Ah Son
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jin Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Joo Bae
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Yeon Kwon
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Kyu An
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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Negara BFSP, Bashir KMI, Park Y, Shim KB, Kim J, Park SY, Lee J, Sohn J, Choi J. Alaska Pollock (
Gadus chalcogrammus
) Protein and Hydrolyzed Polypeptides: A Systematic Review of its Potential Biological Activities. Int J Food Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.16280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bertoka Fajar Surya Perwira Negara
- Seafood Research Center, IACF Silla University, 606, Advanced Seafood Processing Complex, Wonyang‐ro, Amnam‐dong, Seo‐gu Busan 49277 Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, 140, Baegyang‐daero 700beon‐gil, Sasang‐gu Busan 46958 Republic of Korea
| | - Khawaja Muhammad Imran Bashir
- German Engineering Research Center for Life Science Technologies in Medicine and Environment, 31, Gwahaksan 1‐ro, 60 Bean‐gil, Gangseo‐gu Busan 46742 Republic of Korea
| | - Yongjoon Park
- Samjin Food Co. Ltd. 36, Taejong‐ro 99 beon‐gil, Yeongdo‐gu Busan 49036 Republic of Korea
| | - Kil Bo Shim
- Department of Food Science and Technology Pukyong National University Busan 48513 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin‐Soo Kim
- Department of Seafood Science and Technology Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University, 38 Cheondaegukchi‐gil, Tongyeong‐si Gyeongsangnam‐do 53064 Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Young Park
- Department of Seafood Science and Technology Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University, 38 Cheondaegukchi‐gil, Tongyeong‐si Gyeongsangnam‐do 53064 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung‐Suck Lee
- Department of Seafood Science and Technology Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University, 38 Cheondaegukchi‐gil, Tongyeong‐si Gyeongsangnam‐do 53064 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae‐Hak Sohn
- Seafood Research Center, IACF Silla University, 606, Advanced Seafood Processing Complex, Wonyang‐ro, Amnam‐dong, Seo‐gu Busan 49277 Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, 140, Baegyang‐daero 700beon‐gil, Sasang‐gu Busan 46958 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae‐Suk Choi
- Department of Seafood Science and Technology Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University, 38 Cheondaegukchi‐gil, Tongyeong‐si Gyeongsangnam‐do 53064 Republic of Korea
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Mok JS, Ryu A, Kwon JY, Park K, Shim KB. Abundance, antimicrobial resistance, and virulence of pathogenic Vibrio strains from molluscan shellfish farms along the Korean coast. Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 149:110559. [PMID: 31543492 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the outbreaks caused by the major pathogenic Vibrio species, V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus, and V. cholerae, the distribution, antibiotic resistance, and virulence of these Vibrio strains were monitored in shellfish and seawater along the Korean coast. Among the Vibrio strains, V. parahaemolyticus was the most abundant species; during summer, this strain showed a substantial increase that correlated with the water temperature. Although >99.0% of the Vibrio species isolates were sensitive to seven antimicrobials recommended by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention for the treatment of Vibrio infections, multiple-antibiotic resistance to at least three antimicrobials was found in 14.3% to 50.0% of each Vibrio species. Among V. parahaemolyticus isolates, 14.3% were positive for the trh gene, whereas only 1% was positive for the tdh gene. These results should aid in implementing proper precautions to avoid potential human health risks associated with exposure to pathogenic Vibrio species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Soo Mok
- Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ara Ryu
- Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Kwon
- Southeast Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Tongyeong 53085, Republic of Korea
| | - Kunbawui Park
- Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Kil Bo Shim
- Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
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4
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Park K, Mok JS, Ryu AR, Kwon JY, Ham IT, Shim KB. Occurrence and virulence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from seawater and bivalve shellfish of the Gyeongnam coast, Korea, in 2004-2016. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 137:382-387. [PMID: 30503447 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We determined the abundance and virulence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in seawater and bivalves from the Gyeongnam coast in Korea, a major area for the seafood industry, during 2004-2016. V. parahaemolyticus is one of the most common pathogen causing seafood-borne illnesses in Korea, and increases during the summer. Its occurrence in seawater and bivalve samples was seasonally dependent, with high levels during the summer to early autumn. There were more strains in the area of sea continually exposed to inland wastewater. Only 5.1% and 3.5% of V. parahaemolyticus isolates from seawater and bivalves, respectively, had the trh gene, and only the bivalve isolates produced the tdh gene at levels below 2%. Continuous monitoring is clearly needed to reduce seafood-borne outbreaks of disease caused by V. parahaemolyticus, and to reveal the occurrence patterns and the presence of toxic genes of the strains in different marine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunbawui Park
- Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Soo Mok
- Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - A Ra Ryu
- Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Kwon
- Southeast Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Tongyeong 53085, Republic of Korea
| | - In Tae Ham
- Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Kil Bo Shim
- Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea.
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Noh ES, Park YJ, Kim EM, Park JY, Shim KB, Choi TJ, Kim KH, Kang JH. Quantitative analysis of Alaska pollock in seafood products by droplet digital PCR. Food Chem 2018; 275:638-643. [PMID: 30724244 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.09.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A highly accurate quantitative method, based on the new technique, droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), was applied to determine the content of Alaska pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) in seafood products. Using this method, we found a linear relationship among raw sample weight, DNA concentration and DNA copy number. We also established a formula to calculate the raw sample weight, based on the number of DNA copies. To confirm the accuracy and applicability of this method, mixed samples of known composition were analyzed. Results from this study indicated that the ddPCR method described is suitable for quantifying Alaska pollock in seafood products and has the potential applied to a variety of tasks in food quality certification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Soo Noh
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 216, Gijanghaean-ro, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Jung Park
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 216, Gijanghaean-ro, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Mi Kim
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 216, Gijanghaean-ro, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Youn Park
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 216, Gijanghaean-ro, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Kil Bo Shim
- Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 216, Gijanghaean-ro, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Choi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Science, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Science, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ha Kang
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 216, Gijanghaean-ro, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea.
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Kim JH, Shim KB, Shin SB, Park K, Oh EG, Son KT, Yu H, Lee HJ, Mok JS. Comparison of bioaccumulation and elimination of Escherichia coli and male-specific bacteriophages by ascidians and bivalves. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:28268-28276. [PMID: 29159436 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0736-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Levels of Escherichia coli and male-specific bacteriophages (MSBs) were determined in the filter feeders obtained from retail markets, commercial farms, and wild beds in Korea. The accumulation and elimination of E. coli and MSBs were compared between ascidians and bivalves (oysters and mussels) during relaying and depuration. E. coli concentrations in ascidians from retail markets ranged between < 20 and 460 most probable number/100 g while MSBs were not detected. E. coli levels in bivalves from commercial farms and wild beds were not significantly different but bacterial levels in ascidians were consistently lower. Ascidians exhibited much lower ability than bivalves to accumulate E. coli and MSBs during relaying in a polluted coastal area. This study also shows that an equilibrium was developed between levels of microbes in water and ascidians and shellfish during relaying. E. coli and MSBs in ascidians decreased quickly during depuration in a clean seawater tank. However, after 1 day, E. coli in bivalves decreased by only 1.1-1.6 logs, and the elimination of MSBs was negligible. Therefore, depuration is an effective means to reduce the health risk of contaminated ascidians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoe Kim
- Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Kil Bo Shim
- Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Beum Shin
- South Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Yeosu, 59780, Republic of Korea
| | - Kunbawui Park
- Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Gyoung Oh
- Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Tae Son
- West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Incheon, 22383, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongsik Yu
- Southeast Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Tongyeong, 53085, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jung Lee
- South Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Yeosu, 59780, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Soo Mok
- Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea.
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Mok JS, Lee TS, Kim PH, Lee HJ, Ha KS, Shim KB, Lee KJ, Jung YJ, Kim JH. Bacteriological quality evaluation of seawater and oysters from the Hansan-Geojeman area in Korea, 2011-2013: impact of inland pollution sources. Springerplus 2016; 5:1412. [PMID: 27610330 PMCID: PMC4996800 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-3049-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
From 2011 to 2013, we conducted a full sanitary survey of pollution sources in proximity to a shellfish growing area in the Hansan-Geojeman region in Korea, which includes a designated shellfish growing area. In the sea area, 1152 seawater and 209 oyster samples were collected and examined to evaluate their bacteriological quality. There were 758 potential pollution sources in the drainage area, including 40 sources discharging water in 2013. Fecal coliform (FC) concentrations and impact radii of discharges ranged from 1.8 to 700,000 MPN/100 mL and from 3 to 600 m, respectively; however, the pollutants did not reach the designated area. This demonstrates that the dilution of waste was sufficient such that no significant impact occurred within the designated shellfish growing area. The variation in the FC levels of seawater was closely related to season and rainfall. The FC levels of seawater and oysters from the designated area met the regulation limits set by various countries. No pathogens were found in any oysters. The results of the survey indicate that the oysters produced in this area are apparently safe for raw consumption based on their bacterial quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Soo Mok
- Southeast Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 397-68, Sanyangilju-ro, Sanyang-eup, Tongyeong, 53085 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Seek Lee
- Food Safety Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 216, Gijanghaean-ro, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan, 46083 Republic of Korea
| | - Poong Ho Kim
- Food Safety Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 216, Gijanghaean-ro, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan, 46083 Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jung Lee
- Food Safety Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 216, Gijanghaean-ro, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan, 46083 Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Soo Ha
- Food Safety Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 216, Gijanghaean-ro, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan, 46083 Republic of Korea
| | - Kil Bo Shim
- Food Safety Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 216, Gijanghaean-ro, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan, 46083 Republic of Korea
| | - Ka Jeong Lee
- Southeast Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 397-68, Sanyangilju-ro, Sanyang-eup, Tongyeong, 53085 Republic of Korea
| | - Yeoun Joong Jung
- Southeast Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 397-68, Sanyangilju-ro, Sanyang-eup, Tongyeong, 53085 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoe Kim
- Food Safety Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 216, Gijanghaean-ro, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan, 46083 Republic of Korea
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Mok JS, Yoo HD, Kim PH, Yoon HD, Park YC, Lee TS, Kwon JY, Son KT, Lee HJ, Ha KS, Shim KB, Kim JH. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in oysters from the southern coast of Korea: assessment of potential risk to human health. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2015; 94:749-755. [PMID: 25863478 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-015-1534-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
From 2009 to 2013, 80 oyster and 16 seawater samples were collected from the southern coast of Korea, including designated shellfish growing areas for export. The concentrations and bioaccumulation of heavy metals were determined, and a potential risk assessment was conducted to evaluate their hazards towards human consumption. The cadmium (Cd) concentration in oysters was the highest of three hazardous metals, including Cd, lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg), however, below the standards set by various countries. The metal bioaccumulation ratio in oysters was relatively high for zinc and Cd but low for Hg, Pb, arsenic, and chromium. The estimated dietary intakes of all heavy metals for oysters accounted for 0.02%-17.75% of provisional tolerable daily intake. The hazard index for all samples was far <1.0, which indicates that the oysters do not pose an appreciable hazard to humans for the metal pollutants of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Soo Mok
- Southeast Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, 397-68, Sanyang-iljuro, Sanyang-up, Tongyoung, 650-943, Republic of Korea,
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Mok JS, Kwon JY, Son KT, Choi WS, Shim KB, Lee TS, Kim JH. Distribution of heavy metals in muscles and internal organs of Korean cephalopods and crustaceans: risk assessment for human health. J Food Prot 2014; 77:2168-75. [PMID: 25474068 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Samples of seven species of cephalopods and crustaceans were collected from major fish markets on the Korean coast and analyzed for mercury (Hg) using a direct Hg analyzer and for the metals cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium, silver, nickel, copper, and zinc using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The distributions of heavy metals in muscles, internal organs, and whole tissues were determined, and a risk assessment was conducted to provide information concerning consumer safety. The heavy metals accumulated to higher levels (P < 0.05) in internal organs than in muscles for all species. The mean concentrations of Cd, which had the highest concentrations of the three hazardous metals (Cd, Pb, and Hg), in all internal organs (except those of blue crab) exceeded the regulatory limits set by Korea and the European Union. The Cd concentrations in all whole tissues of squid and octopus (relatively large cephalopods), red snow crab, and snow crab exceeded the European Union limits. The estimated dietary intake of Cd, Pb, and Hg for each part of all species accounted for 1.73 to 130.57%, 0.03 to 0.39%, and 0.93 to 1.67%, respectively, of the provisional tolerable daily intake adopted by the Joint Food and Agriculture Organization and World Health Organization Expert Committee on Food Additives; the highest values were found in internal organs. The hazard index (HI) is recognized as a reasonable parameter for assessing the risk of heavy metal consumption associated with contaminated food. Because of the high HI (>1.0) of the internal organs of cephalopods and the maximum HI for whole tissue of 0.424, consumers eating internal organs or whole tissues of cephalopods could be at risk of high heavy metal exposure. Therefore, the internal organs of relatively large cephalopods and crabs (except blue crab) are unfit for consumption. However, consumption of flesh after removing internal organs is a suitable approach for decreasing exposure to harmful metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Soo Mok
- Southeast Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, 361 Youngun-ri, Sanyang-up, Tongyoung 650-943, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Kwon
- Food Safety Research Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, 408-1 Sirang-ri, Gijang-up, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-705, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Tae Son
- Food Safety Research Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, 408-1 Sirang-ri, Gijang-up, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-705, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Seok Choi
- Food Safety Research Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, 408-1 Sirang-ri, Gijang-up, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-705, Republic of Korea
| | - Kil Bo Shim
- Food Safety Research Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, 408-1 Sirang-ri, Gijang-up, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-705, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Seek Lee
- Food Safety Research Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, 408-1 Sirang-ri, Gijang-up, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-705, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoe Kim
- Food Safety Research Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, 408-1 Sirang-ri, Gijang-up, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-705, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
The crystallographic grain orientation of ZrB2-ZrC composites manufactured using a spark plasma sintering (SPS) method, a new sintering technique in development for poorly sinterable ceramic materials, was analysed by the scanning electron microscopy-electron backscattered diffraction (SEM-EBSD) method. Their crystallographic features have been compared with those of a conventionally sintered specimen using a pressureless sintering (PLS) method. In the composite sintered by PLS, (0001) planes of ZrB2 were orientated in the direction parallel to the specimen surface (RD) but (1010) and (2110) planes randomly orientated. In the case of SPS, (0001) planes of ZrB2 were orientated normal to the specimen surface (ND) and weakly to the RD. In both cases of PLS and SPS, ZrC grains had a randomly orientated grain structure. The distribution of grain boundary misorientation of PLS and SPS-processed composites showed the same tendency that high-angle boundaries were more prevalent than low-angle boundaries. But in the case of ZrC grains in the SPS sample, the proportion of CSL boundaries with low sigma value (3, 5, 7, 9, 11) was relatively larger.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Shim
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, CPRC, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
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