1
|
Matadh AV, Jakka D, Pragathi SG, Poornima K, Shivakumar HN, Murthy RN, Rangappa S, Shivanna M, Murthy SN. Polymer coated polymeric microneedles for intravitreal delivery of dexamethasone. Exp Eye Res 2023; 231:109467. [PMID: 37031874 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
The polymer coated polymeric (PCP) microneedles (MNs) is a novel approach for controlled delivery of drugs (without allowing release of the excipients) to the target site. PCP MNs was explored as an approach to deliver the drug intravitreally to minimize the risks associated with conventional intravitreal injections. The core MNs was fabricated with polyvinyl pyrrolidone K30 (PVP K30) and coating was with Eudragit E100. Preformulation studies revealed that the films prepared using Eudragit E 100 exhibited excellent integrity in the physiological medium after prolonged exposure. FTIR studies were performed to investigate the possible interaction between the API and the polymer. The PCP MNs fabricated with different drug loads (dexamethasone sodium phosphate) were subjected to in vitro drug release studies. The drug release from uncoated MNs was instantaneous and complete. On the other hand, a controlled release profile was observed in case of PCP MNs. Likewise, even in the ex vivo porcine eye model, the drug release was gradual into the vitreous humor in case of PCP MNs. The uncoated microneedles released all the drug instantaneously where the PCP MNs retarded the release up to 3 h.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anusha V Matadh
- Institute for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Deeksha Jakka
- School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA
| | - S G Pragathi
- Institute for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - K Poornima
- Institute for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - H N Shivakumar
- Institute for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Research, Bengaluru, India; KLE College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
| | | | | | | | - S Narasimha Murthy
- Institute for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Research, Bengaluru, India; Topical Products Testing LLC, Oxford, MS, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ashokkumar N, Poornima K, Kalaiarasan P, Jeyakumar P, Uma D, Kavino M, Dharani S, Kothai S. Induction of defence-related proteins by selected plant growth regulators and biocontrol agents against guava root knot nematode, Meloidogyne enterolobii. J Nematol 2021; 53:e2021-81. [PMID: 34661117 PMCID: PMC8498740 DOI: 10.21307/jofnem-2021-081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Guava is an important edible and economic fruit crop distributed worldwide. It is widely infested with root knot nematode, Meloidogyne enterolobii which plays a vital role in causing economic losses. Several management strategies were performed to enhance the health status of guava and also to reduce root knot nematode infestation. Among the different aspects, application of plant growth regulators on guava plants under nursery conditions against root knot nematode, M. enterolobii was performed. The guava plants were treated with Salicylic acid (100 ppm), Jasmonic acid (100 ppm), and Indole 3-Butyric Acid (1000 ppm) alone and in combination of two and three. The result of this study revealed that IBA at 1,000 ppm alone (T3) and combined application of plant growth regulators viz., (T4) – Salicylic acid (100 ppm) + Jasmonic acid (100 ppm) + Indole 3-Butyric Acid (1,000 ppm) showed reduction in the nematode population and establishment of new roots (compensatory) and tertiary roots. The combined application of PGRs also increased the Plant height, root length, chlorophyll index, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll fluorescence. The activity of various enzymes like total phenols, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, acid phosphatase, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase were influenced and developed resistance against root knot nematode, M. enterolobii. Under field conditions, application of Pochonia chlamydosporia and Purpureocilium lilacinum reduced the nematode infestation besides increasing the yield attributes of guava plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Ashokkumar
- College of Agricultural Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India, 603203
| | - K Poornima
- Department of Nematology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - P Kalaiarasan
- Department of Nematology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - P Jeyakumar
- Department of Crop Physiology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - D Uma
- Department of Biochemistry, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - M Kavino
- Department of Fruit Science, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - S Dharani
- Department of Nematology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - S Kothai
- College of Agricultural Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India, 603203
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Poornima K, Walia RK. Horticultural Nurseries and Nematode Dissemination. CURR SCI INDIA 2021. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v120/i2/278-284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
4
|
Jiwanmall M, Jiwanmall SA, Williams A, Kamakshi S, Sugirtharaj L, Poornima K, Jacob KS. Preoperative Anxiety in Adult Patients Undergoing Day Care Surgery: Prevalence and Associated Factors. Indian J Psychol Med 2020; 42:87-92. [PMID: 31997870 PMCID: PMC6970311 DOI: 10.4103/ijpsym.ijpsym_180_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a paucity of data related to anxiety levels in patients undergoing day care surgery in India. METHODS Preoperative anxiety was assessed using Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) 1 day before surgery and on the day of surgery, and the patients were categorized as cases (APAIS score ≥13) and controls (APAIS score <13). Sociodemographic characteristics, clinical features, and fears associated with anesthesia and surgery were also noted. RESULTS Out of the 399 patients recruited, 58.1% experienced significant preoperative anxiety. The fear of needles (P = 0.002), fear of waking up during the surgery (P < 0.001), and the patient's need of additional information regarding anesthesia and surgery (P < 0.001) were significantly associated with preoperative anxiety. CONCLUSION A significant proportion of patients scheduled for day care surgery have preoperative anxiety. A preanesthetic workup of a patient with adequate clarification about their doubts and fears related to anesthesia and surgery is recommended to bring down the level of anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghna Jiwanmall
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Stephen A Jiwanmall
- Department of Psychiatry, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Aparna Williams
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Kamakshi
- Department of Nursing, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lovisal Sugirtharaj
- Department of Nursing, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Poornima
- Department of Biostatistics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
Karthik KR, Malathi N, Poornima K, Prakash S, Kadhiresan R, Arunmozhi U. Evaluation of Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus using Cytomorphometry of Buccal Cells and Correlation with Glycosylated Hemoglobin. J Int Oral Health 2015; 7:20-4. [PMID: 25859101 PMCID: PMC4377144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To study cytological alterations in the exfoliated buccal cells of diabetic patients. To analyze the cytomorphometric findings in the smears of uncontrolled and controlled diabetic patients and compare it with that of normal healthy controls. To establish a correlation between cytomorphometric changes and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in diabetics and normal controls, for evaluation of glycemic control. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was carried out in 40 confirmed diabetic patients from a hospital out-patient diabetic ward and 20 healthy individuals as controls (Group A: n = 20), in Chennai. Specific exclusion criteria were used to select the study group from a larger group of subjects. Based on HbA1c values, the diabetic patients were categorized into Group B = Controlled diabetics (n = 20) (HbA1c <7%) and Group C = Uncontrolled diabetics (n = 20) (HbA1c >9%). After informed consent, buccal smear was collected from clinically normal appearing mucosa and stained with papanicoloau (PAP) stain. Cytomorphometric analysis of selective PAP stained cells was done using image analysis software, Image Pro Plus 5.5 (Olympus) and parameters determined were average cytoplasmic area (CA), average nuclear area (NA) and cytoplasmic:nuclear (C: N) ratio for an average of 50 cells/patient. RESULTS Comparing the average NA among three groups, an increase through Group A, B, C, with a maximum significance between Group C and A was seen. The average C: N ratio showed a statistically significant difference between all three groups. Significant correlation existed between the HbA1c values and both the C: N ratio and average NA in all the three groups. CONCLUSIONS Cytomorphometric analysis of buccal smears using the C: N ratio alteration as a reliable criteria, may serve as yet another non-invasive tool for screening programs for diabetic detection. And the technique may possibly be used also for evaluation of glycemic control in known diabetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Raghavendhar Karthik
- Reader, Department of Oral Pathology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,Correspondence: Dr. Karthik KR. SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Bharathi Salai, Ramapuram, Chennai - 600 089, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - N Malathi
- Professor and Head, Department of Oral Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Poornima
- Oral Physician and Radiologist, Radiant Smile Care, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sunil Prakash
- Post-graduate Student, Department of Oral Pathology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Kadhiresan
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Periodontics, Sri Venkateshwara Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - U Arunmozhi
- Professor, Department of Periodontics, Sri Venkateswara Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Suguna P, Binuramesh C, Abirami P, Saranya V, Poornima K, Rajeswari V, Shenbagarathai R. Immunostimulation by poly-β hydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate (PHB-HV) from Bacillus thuringiensis in Oreochromis mossambicus. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2014; 36:90-97. [PMID: 24161774 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to test the immunostimulatory efficacy of poly-β hydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate (PHB-HV) extracted from Bacillus thuringiensis B.t.A102 on the immune system of Oreochromis mossambicus. Fish were fed with 0%, 1%, 3% or 5% PHB-HV supplemented feed and were bled at regular intervals of 5 days. The specific immune response was measured in terms of antibody response to sheep red blood cells, the nonspecific immune mechanisms were analysed in terms of serum lysozyme activity, total peroxidases activity and antiprotease activity. The overall functional immunity was tested by experimental challenge with live virulent Aeromonas hydrophila. The results revealed that all the doses of PHB-HV supplementation in feed were effective in stimulating both specific and nonspecific immune mechanisms. The bacterial challenge experiment showed that highest dose of 5% PHB-HV supplementation was more effective than 1% and 3% doses. The study concludes that PHB-HV can be used as a potential immunostimulant in finfish aquaculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ponnusamy Suguna
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Madurai 625002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Periyasamy Abirami
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Madurai 625002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Viswanathan Saranya
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Madurai 625002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kkani Poornima
- Department of Zoology, Thiagarajar College, Madurai 625009, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Veluchamy Rajeswari
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Madurai 625002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajaiah Shenbagarathai
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Madurai 625002, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
An adequate antioxidant reserve which is usually present in a vegetarian diet is associated with higher life expectancy. On the other hand habitual consumption of fish is associated with lower risk of cardiovascular diseases which is attributed to the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) present in it. However the PUFA are readily susceptible to oxidation leading to the formation of free radicals which is known to be involved in the causation of several diseases.The oxidant-antioxidant status of 23 vegetarians and 22 fish eaters was studied by determining the plasma lipid peroxides measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) and the antioxidants, viz. glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid, ceruloplasmin and uric acid.Results show that the ascorbic acid values were significantly higher in vegetarians. In addition, MDA correlated negatively with ascorbic acid only in vegetarians. However, correlation of MDA with glutathione showed a significant negative correlation only in fish eaters. There was no statistically significant difference in the MDA, GSH, ceruloplasmin and uric acid levels. The mechanism behind these findings are not clear and needs to be explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Poornima
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre For Basic Sciences, Kasturba Medical College, 575001 Mangalore
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Poornima K, Saranya V, Abirami P, Binuramesh C, Suguna P, Selvanayagam P, Shenbagarathai R. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of B.t.LDC-391 strain that produce cytocidal proteins against human cancer cells. Bioinformation 2012; 8:461-5. [PMID: 22715300 PMCID: PMC3374356 DOI: 10.6026/97320630008461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
An indigenous Bacillus thuringiensis strain B.t.LDC-391 producing cytocidal proteins against human colon cancer cell line, HCT-116, was subjected to phenotypic and genotypic characterization to evaluate its relatedness to B.anthracis. The morphological features of this strain were meta-analyzed with data of other parasporin and insecticidal protein producing Bacillus thuringiensis strains. The conventional biochemical analysis and antibiotic sensitivity test proved it as an ampicillin resistant which is a salient feature, absent in B.anthracis Ames. PCR analysis showed the absence of cyt and parasporin related genes in the genome of B.t.LDC-391. But the strain was positive for cap gene. The sequencing and bio-informatic analysis of cap gene and 16S rDNA of B.t.LDC-391 placed it closer to B.thuringiensis and revealed significant divergence from that of any B.anthracis strain. However our strain lacked β- hemolysis on human erythrocytes which is a common feature of B.anthracis strains and parasporin producers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kkani Poornima
- Department of Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Periyasamy Abirami
- Department of Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Ponnusamy Suguna
- Department of Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Peter Selvanayagam
- Department of Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Poornima K, Selvanayagam P, Shenbagarathai R. Identification of native
Bacillus thuringiensis
strain from South India having specific cytocidal activity against cancer cells. J Appl Microbiol 2010; 109:348-54. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04697.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Poornima
- PG and Research Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Madurai, South India
| | - P. Selvanayagam
- PG and Research Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Madurai, South India
| | - R. Shenbagarathai
- PG and Research Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Madurai, South India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Poornima K, karthik L, Swadhini S, Mythili S, Sathiavelu A. Degradation of Chromium by Using a Novel Strains of Pseudomonas Species. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.4172/1948-5948.1000031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
13
|
Poornima K, Thangal HK, Karpagavalli S. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory and anti oxidant activity of a poly herbal formulation - Chyavana drink. Anc Sci Life 2008; 27:45-51. [PMID: 22557286 PMCID: PMC3330870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2007] [Accepted: 02/14/2008] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of a poly herbal formulation-Chyavana drink. The inflammation was induced in albino rats by carrageenan. The formulation was effective when compared with a known anti-inflammatory drug. The antioxidant activity was studied by invitro methods. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was found to be showing higher percentage of inhibition and reducing power at high concentrations. The phenolic content of Chyavana drink was observed to be high showing a good antioxidant effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K. Poornima
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Arts and Science College, Coimbatore-21, Tamil Nadu, India, Address for correspondence
| | - Haseeb Koya Thangal
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Arts and Science College, Coimbatore-21, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Karpagavalli
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Arts and Science College, Coimbatore-21, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jothi G, Pugalendhi S, Poornima K, Rajendran G. Management of root-knot nematode in tomato Lycopersicon esculentum, Mill, with biogas slurry. Bioresour Technol 2003; 89:169-170. [PMID: 12699936 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8524(03)00047-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The effect of biogas slurry application on the severity of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, attack on tomato cv. Co-1, was tested in the green house with two levels of biogas slurry: 5% and 10% (w/w) added to soil. Both the number (3 fruits/plant) and fruit yield (35.2 g/plant) of tomato increased significantly with 10% (w/w) biogas slurry. The plants amended with biogas slurry put up more vegetative growth and tended to flower and fruit much earlier than did those of the control. The nematode population in the soil decreased thus decreasing the severity of nematode attack.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Jothi
- Department of Nematology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|