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Idsøe-Jakobsen I, Dombestein H, Brønnick KK, Wiig S. Exploring Norwegian homecare healthcare professionals' perceptions of risk and the link to high-quality care: a qualitative multiple case study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e080769. [PMID: 38490664 PMCID: PMC10946383 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-080769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Homecare is a critical component of the ongoing restructuring of healthcare worldwide, given the shift from institution- to home-based care. The homecare evidence base still contains significant gaps: There is a lack of knowledge regarding quality and safety work and interventions. This study explores how home healthcare professionals perceive and use the concept of risk to guide them in providing high-quality healthcare while maintaining resilience. DESIGN The study design is a qualitative multiple case study. The phenomena explored were risk perception, sensemaking and adaptations of care delivered to patients in their homes. Inductive content analysis was conducted. SETTING The study was conducted in three Norwegian municipalities. Each municipality was defined as a single case. PARTICIPANTS Interviews with healthcare professionals were performed both individually and in focus groups of three to five persons. 19 interviews with 35 informants were conducted: 11 individual semistructured interviews and 8 focus groups. RESULTS Four themes were identified: 'professionalism is constantly prioritising and aligning care based on here-and-now observations' 'teamwork feels safe and enhances quality' 'taking responsibility for system risk' and 'reluctantly accepting the extended expectations from society'. CONCLUSIONS To make sense of risk when aspiring for high-quality care in everyday work, the healthcare professionals in this sample mainly used their clinical gaze, gut feeling and experience to detect subtle changes in the patients' condition. Assessing risk information, not only individually but also as a team, was reportedly crucial for high-quality care. Healthcare professionals emphasised the well-being, safety and soundness of the patients when acting on risk information. They felt obliged to act on their gut feeling, moral compass and clinical understanding of quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heidi Dombestein
- University of Stavanger Faculty of Health Sciences, Stavanger, Norway
| | | | - Siri Wiig
- University of Stavanger Faculty of Health Sciences, Stavanger, Norway
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Sevic A, Foldnes N, Brønnick KK. Measuring digital stress in Norway: translation and validation of the Digital Stressors Scale. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1297194. [PMID: 38406303 PMCID: PMC10884271 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1297194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction A better understanding of the effects of the widespread use of information and communication technology (ICT) among employees is important for maintaining their wellbeing, work-life balance, health, and productivity. Thus, having robust and reliable measurement instruments is crucial for quantifying the effects of ICT use, and facilitating the development of effective strategies to promote employee wellbeing. Methods Therefore, we translated the Digital Stressors Scale (DSS) to Norwegian and administered it to a convenience sample of 1,228 employees, using the forward-backward translation method. The DSS is a new multidimensional scale consisting of 50 items that measure 10 digital stressors (first-order factors), and a second-order factor of DSS. We assessed the scale's construct validity with confirmatory factor analysis, first by assessing the model fit of each of the sub-scales separately, to facilitate the disaggregated measurement approach, and then the model fit of the whole scale with the second-order factor. Results Among the participants, 45.6% completed the whole questionnaire (n = 560). The original solution's fit was unsatisfactory in our sample, which led us to perform an exploratory factor analysis. We propose a shorter 8-factor scale with 37 of the original items, which also shows good internal consistency for all the first-order factors. Discussion We argue that the disaggregated approach is beneficial for the investigation of the specific creators of digital stress and that conceptually sound measurement models are needed in order to facilitate a more rigorous empirical investigation of digital stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Sevic
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
- Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience Lab, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
- SHARE-Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Njål Foldnes
- Norwegian Centre for Reading Education and Research, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Kolbjørn Kallesten Brønnick
- Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience Lab, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Social Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
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Borda MG, Brønnick KK, Garcia-Cifuentes E, Jaramillo-Jimenez A, Reyes-Ortiz C, Patricio-Baldera J, Soennesyn H, Pérez-Zepeda MU, Vik-Mo AO, Aarsland D. Specific neuropsychiatric symptoms are associated with functional decline trajectories in Alzheimer's disease and Lewy body dementia: a five-year follow-up study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1267060. [PMID: 37915329 PMCID: PMC10616879 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1267060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are often overlooked and under-identified symptoms associated with dementia, despite their significant impact on the prognosis of individuals living with the disease. The specific role of certain NPS in functional prognosis remains unclear. Aims To determine the association of different NPS with functional decline in people living with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or Lewy body dementia (LBD). Methods This is an analysis of data from the Dementia Study of Western Norway (DemVest) with 196 patients included of which 111 had AD and 85 LBD. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and the Rapid Disability Rating Scale (RDRS-2) for activities of daily living were administered annually for 5 years. NPI total score and individual items with RDRS-2 trajectories were analyzed with linear mixed models. Results The LBD group exhibited higher levels of functional impairment and a greater burden of NPS at baseline. Over the 5-year follow-up, hallucinations, aggression, depression, anxiety, apathy, disinhibition, aberrant motor behavior, nighttime behavior disturbances, and abnormal eating patterns were significantly associated with the decline in functional abilities in individuals with AD, as well as irritability and aberrant motor behavior in those with LBD. Discussion These results highlight the relevance of early detection and intervention of these particularly relevant NPS, due to its potential of also impacting physical function. Better detection and management of these NPS could improve functional prognosis in people living with dementia. Conclusion Specific NPS demonstrate relevant distinct associations with Longitudinal trajectories of functional decline in AD and LBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Germán Borda
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine (SESAM), Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Semillero de Neurociencias y Envejecimiento, Ageing Institute, Medical School, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kolbjørn Kallesten Brønnick
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine (SESAM), Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Elkin Garcia-Cifuentes
- Semillero de Neurociencias y Envejecimiento, Ageing Institute, Medical School, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
- Departamento de Neurología, Unidad de Neurociencias, Hospital Universitario de San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Alberto Jaramillo-Jimenez
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine (SESAM), Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
- Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Carlos Reyes-Ortiz
- Institute of Public Health, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Jonathan Patricio-Baldera
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine (SESAM), Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Escuela de estadística de la Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | - Hogne Soennesyn
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine (SESAM), Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Mario Ulises Pérez-Zepeda
- Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Dirección de Investigación, Mexico City, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), FCS, Universidad Anáhuac México Campus Norte, Huixquilucan, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Audun Osland Vik-Mo
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine (SESAM), Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine (SESAM), Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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Lungu DA, Røislien J, Berg SH, Smeets I, Shortt MT, Thune H, Brønnick KK. Assessing the Effect of Nonvisual Information Factors in Pandemic-Related Video Communication: Randomized Controlled Between-Subjects Experiment. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e42528. [PMID: 37610820 PMCID: PMC10483294 DOI: 10.2196/42528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Videos have been an important medium for providing health and risk communication to the public during the COVID-19 pandemic. Public health officials, health care professionals, and policy makers have used videos to communicate pandemic-related content to large parts of the population. Evidence regarding the outcomes of such communication, along with their determinants, is however limited. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to test the impact of nonvisual information factors of video communication on 4 outcomes: trust, comprehension, intentions, and behavior. METHODS Twelve short health communication videos related to pandemics were produced and shown to a large sample of participants, applying a randomized controlled between-subjects design. Three factors were included in the creation of the videos: the topic (exponential growth, handwashing, and burden of pandemics on the health care system), the source (expert and nonexpert), and a call to action (present or absent). Participants were randomly assigned to 1 video intervention, and 1194 valid replies were collected. The data were analyzed using factorial ANOVA. RESULTS The 3 pandemic-related topics did not affect trust, comprehension, intentions, or behavior. Trust was positively influenced by an expert source (2.5%), whereas a nonexpert source instead had a positive effect on the proxy for behavior (5.7%) compared with the expert source. The inclusion of a call to action had a positive effect on both trust (4.1%) and comprehension (15%). CONCLUSIONS Trust and comprehension in pandemic-related video communication can be enhanced by using expert sources and by including a call to action, irrespective of the topic being communicated. Intentions and behavior appear to be affected to a small extent by the 3 factors tested in this study. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/34275.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Adrian Lungu
- SHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Department of Quality and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Jo Røislien
- SHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Department of Quality and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Siv Hilde Berg
- SHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Department of Quality and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Ionica Smeets
- Science Communication and Society, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Marie Therese Shortt
- SHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Department of Quality and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Henriette Thune
- SHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Department of Quality and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Kolbjørn Kallesten Brønnick
- SHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Department of Quality and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
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Espetvedt A, Wiig S, Myrnes-Hansen KV, Brønnick KK. The assessment of qualitative olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review of tools and their content validity. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1190994. [PMID: 37408960 PMCID: PMC10319418 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1190994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is a lack of overview of the tools used to assess qualitative olfactory dysfunction, including parosmia and phantosmia, following COVID-19 illness. This could have an impact on the diagnosis and treatment offered to patients. Additionally, the formulations of symptoms are inconsistent and often unclear, and consensus around the wording of questions and responses is needed. Aim of study The aim of this systematic review is to provide an overview of tools used to assess qualitative olfactory dysfunction after COVID-19, in addition to addressing the content validity (i.e., item and response formulations) of these tools. Methods MEDLINE, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched 5th of August 2022 and updated on the 25th of April 2023 to identify studies that assess qualitative olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients. Primary outcomes were the tool used (i.e., questionnaire or objective test) and item and response formulations. Secondary outcomes included psychometric properties, study design, and demographic variables. Results The assessment of qualitative olfactory dysfunction is characterized by heterogeneity, inconsistency, and lack of validated tools to determine the presence and degree of symptoms. Several tools with overlapping and distinct features were identified in this review, of which some were thorough and detailed, while others were merely assessing the presence of symptoms as a binary measure. Item and response formulations are also inconsistent and often used interchangeably, which may lead to confusion, incorrect diagnoses, and inappropriate methods for solving the problem. Conclusions There is an unmet need for a reliable and validated tool for assessing qualitative olfactory dysfunction, preferably one that also captures quantitative olfactory issues (i.e., loss of smell), to ensure time-effective and specific assessment of the ability to smell. A consensus around the formulation of items and response options is also important to increase the understanding of the problem, both for clinicians, researchers, and the patient, and ultimately to provide the appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Registration and protocol The URL is https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=351621. A preregistered protocol was submitted and accepted (12.09.22) in the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) with the registration number CRD42022351621.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelin Espetvedt
- Department of Quality and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
- SHARE–Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
- The Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience Lab, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Siri Wiig
- Department of Quality and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
- SHARE–Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Kai Victor Myrnes-Hansen
- Department of Quality and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
- The Norwegian School of Hotel Management, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Kolbjørn Kallesten Brønnick
- Department of Quality and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
- The Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience Lab, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
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Baluszek JB, Brønnick KK, Wiig S. The relations between resilience and self-efficacy among healthcare practitioners in context of the COVID-19 pandemic – a rapid review. IJHG 2023. [DOI: 10.1108/ijhg-11-2022-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of this rapid review was to present current evidence on relations between resilience and self-efficacy among healthcare practitioners in the context of COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachLiterature searches were conducted in February/2022 in the online database MEDLINE EBSCO and not date/time limited. Eligibility criteria were as follows: population – healthcare practitioners, interest – relations between resilience and self-efficacy and context – COVID-19.FindingsSix eligible studies from Italy, China, United Kingdom, India, Pakistan and Spain, published between 2020 and 2021 were included in the review. All studies used quantitative methods. The relations between resilience and self-efficacy were identified in contexts of resilience programs, measuring mental health of frontline nurses, measuring nurses' and nursing students' perception of psychological preparedness for pandemic management, perception of COVID-19 severity and mediating roles of self-efficacy and resilience between stress and both physical and mental quality of life. Findings indicated limited research on this topic and a need for more research.Practical implicationsBroader understanding of the relations between resilience and self-efficacy may help healthcare organizations' leaders/managers aiming to support resilience of their employers under challenging circumstances such as future pandemic.Originality/valueThe latest COVID-19 pandemic presented the opportunity to research relations between resilience and self-efficacy and enrich existed research in a new and extraordinary context.
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Baluszek JB, Wiig S, Myrnes-Hansen KV, Brønnick KK. Specialized healthcare practitioners' challenges in performing video consultations to patients in Nordic Countries - a systematic review and narrative synthesis. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:1432. [PMID: 36443770 PMCID: PMC9706945 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08837-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Video consultations are becoming an important telemedicine service in Nordic countries. Its use in specialized healthcare increased significantly during COVID-19 pandemic. Despite advantages video consultations have, it may also produce challenges for practitioners. Identifying and understanding these challenges may contribute to how managers can support these practitioners and thereby improve work related wellbeing and quality of care. METHODS We designed this study as systematic review of the literature with narrative synthesis and conducted a thematic analysis. We conducted review about the use of video consultations in specialized healthcare in Nordic countries to identify and categorize challenges experienced and/or perceived by practitioners. We searched Ovid MEDLINE(R), EMBASE, APA PsycINFO, and CINAH, from 2011 to 2021. Eligibility criteria were population - practitioners in specialized healthcare with experience in video consultations to patients, interest - challenges experienced and/or perceived by practitioners and, context - outpatient clinics in Nordic countries. RESULTS We included four qualitative and one mixed method studies, published between 2018 and 2021 in Norway, Denmark, and Sweden. By thematic analysis we identified three main themes: challenges related to video consultation, challenges related to practitioner and, challenges related to patient. These themes are composed of 8 categories: technology uncertainties, environment and surroundings, preparation for requirements, clinical judgment, time management, practitioners' idiosyncrasies, patients' idiosyncrasies and patients' suitability and appropriateness. Challenges from technology uncertainties category were most frequent (dominant) across all clinical specializations. CONCLUSION Findings indicate the scarcity of the research and provide rationale for further research addressing challenges in providing video consultations in the Nordic context. We suggest updating this review when the amount of available research increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Barbara Baluszek
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Quality and Health Technology, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway. .,Cognitive Lab: Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience Lab, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway. .,SHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Siri Wiig
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Quality and Health Technology, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.,SHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Kai Victor Myrnes-Hansen
- Norwegian School of Hotel Management, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Kolbjørn Kallesten Brønnick
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Quality and Health Technology, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.,Cognitive Lab: Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience Lab, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.,SHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.,SESAM, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
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Vigdal JS, Brønnick KK. A Systematic Review of "Helicopter Parenting" and Its Relationship With Anxiety and Depression. Front Psychol 2022; 13:872981. [PMID: 35693486 PMCID: PMC9176408 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.872981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence suggests that overprotective and controlling parenting, often referred to as "helicopter parenting" may have negative implications on the child's mental health such as anxiety and depression. However, no systematic review on the topic exists. Objective Conducting a systematic review to identify all studies where the relationship between helicopter parenting and symptoms of anxiety and/or depression have been investigated. Method A systematic literature search conducted the 3rd of November 2021 yielded 38 eligible studies. Since helicopter parenting is a fairly new construct, this review considered parental control and overprotective parenting to be dimensions of helicopter parenting and thus, eligible for the study. Study quality was assessed in accordance with Campbells Validity Typology. Results The majority of the studies included in this review found a direct relationship between helicopter parenting and symptoms of anxiety and depression. However, validity problems undermine these findings with regarding to assessing the causal relationship between helicopter parenting and these symptoms. There were no longitudinal studies of sufficient quality to determine if helicopter parenting precedes the outcome of anxiety and depression. Conclusion Even though the majority of the studies included in this systematic review found a relationship between helicopter parenting and anxiety and depression, the evidence for this relationship is insufficient and must be investigated further. Findings suggest that it is important to include both maternal and paternal parenting style in future studies as they could affect the outcome of anxiety and depression differently. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO 2020 CRD42020167465, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=167465.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schønning Vigdal
- Department of Welfare and Participation, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Sogndal, Norway
| | - Kolbjørn Kallesten Brønnick
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
- SESAM, Department of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
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Sevic A, Hashemi NS, Thørrisen MM, Strømstad K, Skarpaas LS, Storm M, Brønnick KK. Effectiveness of eHealth Interventions Targeting Employee Health Behaviors: Systematic Review (Preprint). J Med Internet Res 2022; 25:e38307. [PMID: 37079369 PMCID: PMC10160931 DOI: 10.2196/38307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of people with noncommunicable diseases is increasing. Noncommunicable diseases are the major cause of disability and premature mortality worldwide, associated with negative workplace outcomes such as sickness absence and reduced work productivity. There is a need to identify scalable interventions and their active components to relieve disease and treatment burden and facilitate work participation. eHealth interventions have shown potential in clinical and general populations to increase well-being and physical activity and could be well suited for workplace settings. OBJECTIVE We aimed to provide an overview of the effectiveness of eHealth interventions at the workplace targeting employee health behaviors and map behavior change techniques (BCTs) used in these interventions. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane CENTRAL, and CINAHL in September 2020 and updated in September 2021. Extracted data included participant characteristics, setting, eHealth intervention type, mode of delivery, reported outcomes, effect sizes, and attrition rates. Quality and risk of bias of the included studies were assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration risk-of-bias 2 tool. BCTs were mapped in accordance with the BCT Taxonomy v1. The review was reported according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) checklist. RESULTS In total, 17 randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. The measured outcomes, treatment and follow-up periods, content of eHealth interventions, and workplace contexts had high heterogeneity. Of the 17 studies, 4 (24%) reported unequivocally significant findings for all primary outcomes, with effect sizes ranging from small to large. Furthermore, 53% (9/17) of the studies reported mixed results, and 24% (4/17) reported nonsignificant results. The most frequently targeted behavior was physical activity (15/17, 88% of the studies); the least frequently targeted behavior was smoking (2/17, 12% of the studies). Attrition varied greatly across the studies (0%-37%). Risk of bias was high in 65% (11/17) of the studies, with some concerns in the remaining 35% (6/17). Interventions used various BCTs, and the most frequently used were feedback and monitoring (14/17, 82%), goals and planning (10/17, 59%), antecedents (10/17, 59%), and social support (7/17, 41%). CONCLUSIONS This review suggests that, although eHealth interventions may have potential, there are still unanswered questions regarding their effectiveness and what drives the mechanism behind these effects. Low methodological quality, high heterogeneity and complexity, the characteristics of the included samples, and often high attrition rates challenge the investigation of the effectiveness and the making of sound inferences about the effect sizes and significance of the results. To address this, new studies and methods are needed. A megastudy design in which different interventions are evaluated in the same population over the same period on the same outcomes may solve some of the challenges. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42020202777; https://www-crd-york-ac-uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=202777.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Sevic
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Neda S Hashemi
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Mikkel Magnus Thørrisen
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kine Strømstad
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Lisebet Skeie Skarpaas
- Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marianne Storm
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Care, Molde University College, Molde, Norway
| | - Kolbjørn Kallesten Brønnick
- Department of Quality and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
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Lungu DA, Røislien J, Wiig S, Shortt MT, Ferrè F, Berg SH, Thune H, Brønnick KK. The Role of Recipient Characteristics in Health Video Communication Outcomes: Scoping Review. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e30962. [PMID: 34967758 PMCID: PMC8759013 DOI: 10.2196/30962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of effective communication during public health emergencies has been highlighted by the World Health Organization, and it has published guidelines for effective communication in such situations. With video being a popular medium, video communication has been a growing area of study over the past decades and is increasingly used across different sectors and disciplines, including health. Health-related video communication gained momentum during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, and video was among the most frequently used modes of communication worldwide. However, although much research has been done regarding different characteristics of video content (the message) and its delivery (the messenger), there is a lack of knowledge about the role played by the characteristics of the recipients for the creation of effective communication. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to identify how health video communication outcomes are shaped by recipient characteristics, as such characteristics might affect the effectiveness of communication. The main research question of the study is as follows: do the characteristics of the recipients of health videos affect the outcomes of the communication? METHODS A scoping review describing the existing knowledge within the field was conducted. We searched for literature in 3 databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Embase) and defined eligibility criteria based on the relevance to the research question. Recipient characteristics and health video communication outcomes were identified and classified. RESULTS Of the 1040 documents initially identified, 128 (12.31%) met the criteria for full-text assessment, and 39 (3.75%) met the inclusion criteria. The included studies reported 56 recipient characteristics and 42 communication outcomes. The reported associations between characteristics and outcomes were identified, and the potential research opportunities were discussed. Contributions were made to theory development by amending the existing framework of the Integrated-Change model, which is an integrated model of motivational and behavioral change. CONCLUSIONS Although several recipient characteristics and health video communication outcomes were identified, there is a lack of robust empirical evidence on the association between them. Further research is needed to understand how the preceding characteristics of the recipients might affect the various outcomes of health video communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Adrian Lungu
- SHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Department of Quality and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Jo Røislien
- SHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Department of Quality and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Siri Wiig
- SHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Department of Quality and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Marie Therese Shortt
- SHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Department of Quality and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Francesca Ferrè
- Management and Health Laboratory, Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Siv Hilde Berg
- SHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Department of Quality and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Henriette Thune
- SHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Department of Quality and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Kolbjørn Kallesten Brønnick
- SHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Department of Quality and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
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Berg SH, O'Hara JK, Shortt MT, Thune H, Brønnick KK, Lungu DA, Røislien J, Wiig S. Health authorities' health risk communication with the public during pandemics: a rapid scoping review. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1401. [PMID: 34266403 PMCID: PMC8280576 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11468-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Responses from the H1N1 swine flu pandemic and the recent COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic provide an opportunity for insight into the role of health authorities' ways of communicating health risk information to the public. We aimed to synthesise the existing evidence regarding different modes of communication used by health authorities in health risk communication with the public during a pandemic. METHODS We conducted a rapid scoping review. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for publications in English from January 2009 through October 2020, covering both the full H1N1 pandemic and the response phase during the COVID-19 pandemic. The search resulted in 1440 records, of which 48 studies met our eligibility criteria. RESULTS The present review identified studies across a broad interdisciplinary field of health risk communication. The majority focused on the H1N1 pandemic and the COVID-19 pandemic. A content analysis of the studies identified three categories for modes of communication: i) communication channels, ii) source credibility and iii) how the message is communicated. The identified studies on social media focused mainly on content and engagement, while studies on the effect of the use of social media and self-protective behaviour were lacking. Studies on the modes of communication that take the diversity of receivers in the field into account are lacking. A limited number of studies of health authorities' use of graphic and audio-visual means were identified, yet these did not consider/evaluate creative communication choices. CONCLUSION Experimental studies that investigate the effect of health authorities' videos and messages on social media platforms and self-protective behaviour are needed. More studies are needed across the fields of health risk communication and media studies, including visual communication, web design, video and digital marketing, at a time when online digital communication is central to reaching the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siv Hilde Berg
- Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Kjell Arholmsgate 43, 4021, Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Jane K O'Hara
- Faculty of Medicine & Health, School of Healthcare, University of Leeds, Leeds, England
| | - Marie Therese Shortt
- Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Kjell Arholmsgate 43, 4021, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Henriette Thune
- Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Kjell Arholmsgate 43, 4021, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Kolbjørn Kallesten Brønnick
- Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Kjell Arholmsgate 43, 4021, Stavanger, Norway
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine (SESAM), Helse Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Daniel Adrian Lungu
- Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Kjell Arholmsgate 43, 4021, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Jo Røislien
- Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Kjell Arholmsgate 43, 4021, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Siri Wiig
- Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Kjell Arholmsgate 43, 4021, Stavanger, Norway
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Brønnick MK, Økland I, Graugaard C, Brønnick KK. The Effects of Hormonal Contraceptives on the Brain: A Systematic Review of Neuroimaging Studies. Front Psychol 2020; 11:556577. [PMID: 33224053 PMCID: PMC7667464 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.556577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hormonal contraceptive drugs are being used by adult and adolescent women all over the world. Convergent evidence from animal research indicates that contraceptive substances can alter both structure and function of the brain, yet such effects are not part of the public discourse or clinical decision-making concerning these drugs. We thus conducted a systematic review of the neuroimaging literature to assess the current evidence of hormonal contraceptive influence on the human brain. Methods: The review was registered in PROSPERO and conducted in accordance with the PRISMA criteria for systematic reviews. Structural and functional neuroimaging studies concerning the use of hormonal contraceptives, indexed in Embase, PubMed and/or PsycINFO until February 2020 were included, following a comprehensive and systematic search based on predetermined selection criteria. Results: A total of 33 articles met the inclusion criteria. Ten of these were structural studies, while 23 were functional investigations. Only one study investigated effects on an adolescent sample. The quality of the articles varied as many had methodological challenges as well as partially unfounded theoretical claims. However, most of the included neuroimaging studies found functional and/or structural brain changes associated with the use of hormonal contraceptives. Conclusion: The included studies identified structural and functional changes in areas involved in affective and cognitive processing, such as the amygdala, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and cingulate gyrus. However, only one study reported primary research on a purely adolescent sample. Thus, there is a need for further investigation of the implications of these findings, especially with regard to adolescent girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marita Kallesten Brønnick
- Center for Clinical Research in Psychosis (TIPS), Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Center for Sexology Research, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Inger Økland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Department for Caring and Ethics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Christian Graugaard
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Center for Sexology Research, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Kolbjørn Kallesten Brønnick
- SESAM, Department of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
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