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Chang Y, Bach L, Hasiuk M, Wen L, Elmzzahi T, Tsui C, Gutiérrez-Melo N, Steffen T, Utzschneider DT, Raj T, Jost PJ, Heink S, Cheng J, Burton OT, Zeiträg J, Alterauge D, Dahlström F, Becker JC, Kastl M, Symeonidis K, van Uelft M, Becker M, Reschke S, Krebs S, Blum H, Abdullah Z, Paeschke K, Ohnmacht C, Neumann C, Liston A, Meissner F, Korn T, Hasenauer J, Heissmeyer V, Beyer M, Kallies A, Jeker LT, Baumjohann D. TGF-β specifies T FH versus T H17 cell fates in murine CD4 + T cells through c-Maf. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadd4818. [PMID: 38427718 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.add4818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
T follicular helper (TFH) cells are essential for effective antibody responses, but deciphering the intrinsic wiring of mouse TFH cells has long been hampered by the lack of a reliable protocol for their generation in vitro. We report that transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) induces robust expression of TFH hallmark molecules CXCR5 and Bcl6 in activated mouse CD4+ T cells in vitro. TGF-β-induced mouse CXCR5+ TFH cells are phenotypically, transcriptionally, and functionally similar to in vivo-generated TFH cells and provide critical help to B cells. The study further reveals that TGF-β-induced CXCR5 expression is independent of Bcl6 but requires the transcription factor c-Maf. Classical TGF-β-containing T helper 17 (TH17)-inducing conditions also yield separate CXCR5+ and IL-17A-producing cells, highlighting shared and distinct cell fate trajectories of TFH and TH17 cells. We demonstrate that excess IL-2 in high-density T cell cultures interferes with the TGF-β-induced TFH cell program, that TFH and TH17 cells share a common developmental stage, and that c-Maf acts as a switch factor for TFH versus TH17 cell fates in TGF-β-rich environments in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinshui Chang
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immuno-Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Center, LMU Munich, Grosshaderner Str. 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Luisa Bach
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immuno-Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Marko Hasiuk
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Transplantation Immunology and Nephrology, Basel University Hospital, Petersgraben 4, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lifen Wen
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Tarek Elmzzahi
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
- Immunogenomics and Neurodegeneration, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Carlson Tsui
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Nicolás Gutiérrez-Melo
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immuno-Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Teresa Steffen
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immuno-Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel T Utzschneider
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Timsse Raj
- Institute for Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Center, LMU Munich, Grosshaderner Str. 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Paul Jonas Jost
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sylvia Heink
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Jingyuan Cheng
- Experimental Systems Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Oliver T Burton
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Julia Zeiträg
- Institute for Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Center, LMU Munich, Grosshaderner Str. 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Dominik Alterauge
- Institute for Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Center, LMU Munich, Grosshaderner Str. 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Frank Dahlström
- Institute for Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Center, LMU Munich, Grosshaderner Str. 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jennifer-Christin Becker
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immuno-Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Melanie Kastl
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immuno-Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Symeonidis
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Martina van Uelft
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Becker
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- PRECISE Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) and the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sarah Reschke
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Krebs
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Blum
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Zeinab Abdullah
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Katrin Paeschke
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immuno-Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Caspar Ohnmacht
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University and Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Neumann
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Adrian Liston
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Felix Meissner
- Experimental Systems Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
- Department of Systems Immunology and Proteomics, Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Korn
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Hasenauer
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Center for Mathematics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Vigo Heissmeyer
- Institute for Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Center, LMU Munich, Grosshaderner Str. 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Research Unit Molecular Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 21, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Marc Beyer
- Immunogenomics and Neurodegeneration, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- PRECISE Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) and the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Axel Kallies
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Lukas T Jeker
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Transplantation Immunology and Nephrology, Basel University Hospital, Petersgraben 4, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Baumjohann
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immuno-Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Center, LMU Munich, Grosshaderner Str. 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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Nickenig M, Mangan MSJ, Lee HE, Symeonidis K, Henne A, Kaiser R, Geißmar E, Garritsen H, Abdullah Z, Hiller K, Latz E, Lauterbach MA. Cutting Edge: STING Induces ACLY Activation and Metabolic Adaptations in Human Macrophages through TBK1. J Immunol 2024; 212:7-11. [PMID: 38038390 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The 2'3'-cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of IFN genes (STING) pathway can sense infection and cellular stress by detecting cytosolic DNA. Upon ligand binding, cGAS produces the cyclic dinucleotide messenger cGAMP, which triggers its receptor STING. Active STING initiates gene transcription through the transcription factors IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and NF-κB and induces autophagy, but whether STING can cause changes in the metabolism of macrophages is unknown. In this study, we report that STING signaling activates ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) by phosphorylation in human macrophages. Using genetic and pharmacologic perturbation, we show that STING targets ACLY via its prime downstream signaling effector TANK (TRAF family member-associated NF-κB activator)-binding kinase 1 (TBK1). We further identify that TBK1 alters cellular metabolism upon cGAMP treatment. Our results suggest that STING-mediated metabolic reprogramming adjusts the cellular response to DNA sensing in addition to transcription factor activation and autophagy induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Nickenig
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthew S J Mangan
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hye Eun Lee
- Gachon Biomedical Convergence Institute, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Konstantinos Symeonidis
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Antonia Henne
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology, Technical University of Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Romina Kaiser
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eike Geißmar
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hendrikus Garritsen
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Braunschweig Clinic, Braunschweig, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Surface Engineering and Thin Films IST, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Zeinab Abdullah
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Karsten Hiller
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology, Technical University of Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Eicke Latz
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
- Deutsches Rheuma Forschungszentrum Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mario A Lauterbach
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology, Technical University of Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
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3
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Hackstein CP, Spitzer J, Symeonidis K, Horvatic H, Bedke T, Steglich B, Klein S, Assmus LM, Odainic A, Szlapa J, Kessler N, Beyer M, Schmithausen R, Latz E, Flavell RA, Garbi N, Kurts C, Kümmerer BM, Trebicka J, Roers A, Huber S, Schmidt SV, Knolle PA, Abdullah Z. Interferon-induced IL-10 drives systemic T-cell dysfunction during chronic liver injury. J Hepatol 2023; 79:150-166. [PMID: 36870611 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with chronic liver disease (CLD), including cirrhosis, are at increased risk of intractable viral infections and are hyporesponsive to vaccination. Hallmarks of CLD and cirrhosis include microbial translocation and elevated levels of type I interferon (IFN-I). We aimed to investigate the relevance of microbiota-induced IFN-I in the impaired adaptive immune responses observed in CLD. METHODS We combined bile duct ligation (BDL) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) models of liver injury with vaccination or lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection in transgenic mice lacking IFN-I in myeloid cells (LysM-Cre IFNARflox/flox), IFNAR-induced IL-10 (MX1-Cre IL10flox/flox) or IL-10R in T cells (CD4-DN IL-10R). Key pathways were blocked in vivo with specific antibodies (anti-IFNAR and anti-IL10R). We assessed T-cell responses and antibody titers after HBV and SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations in patients with CLD and healthy individuals in a proof-of-concept clinical study. RESULTS We demonstrate that BDL- and CCL4-induced prolonged liver injury leads to impaired T-cell responses to vaccination and viral infection in mice, subsequently leading to persistent infection. We observed a similarly defective T-cell response to vaccination in patients with cirrhosis. Innate sensing of translocated gut microbiota induced IFN-I signaling in hepatic myeloid cells that triggered excessive IL-10 production upon viral infection. IL-10R signaling in antigen-specific T cells rendered them dysfunctional. Antibiotic treatment and inhibition of IFNAR or IL-10Ra restored antiviral immunity without detectable immune pathology in mice. Notably, IL-10Ra blockade restored the functional phenotype of T cells from vaccinated patients with cirrhosis. CONCLUSION Innate sensing of translocated microbiota induces IFN-/IL-10 expression, which drives the loss of systemic T-cell immunity during prolonged liver injury. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS Chronic liver injury and cirrhosis are associated with enhanced susceptibility to viral infections and vaccine hyporesponsiveness. Using different preclinical animal models and patient samples, we identified that impaired T-cell immunity in BDL- and CCL4-induced prolonged liver injury is driven by sequential events involving microbial translocation, IFN signaling leading to myeloid cell-induced IL-10 expression, and IL-10 signaling in antigen-specific T cells. Given the absence of immune pathology after interference with IL-10R, our study highlights a potential novel target to reconstitute T-cell immunity in patients with CLD that can be explored in future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl-Philipp Hackstein
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany; Current address: Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Jasper Spitzer
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Symeonidis
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Helena Horvatic
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Tanja Bedke
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Babett Steglich
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Klein
- Medizinische Klinik 1, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Goethe Universität I, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Germany
| | - Lisa M Assmus
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Jennifer Szlapa
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Nina Kessler
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Marc Beyer
- Molecular Immunology in Neurodegeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Eicke Latz
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Natalio Garbi
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Kurts
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Beate M Kümmerer
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany; German Center for Infection Research, Bonn-Cologne Site, Germany
| | - Jonel Trebicka
- Medizinische Klinik 1, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Goethe Universität I, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Germany
| | - Axel Roers
- Institute of Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Samuel Huber
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Percy A Knolle
- Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Germany; German Center for Infection Research, Munich Site, Germany
| | - Zeinab Abdullah
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany.
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4
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Stachelscheid J, Jiang Q, Aszyk C, Warner K, Bley N, Müller T, Vydzhak O, Symeonidis K, Crispatzu G, Mayer P, Blakemore SJ, Goehring G, Newrzela S, Hippler S, Robrecht S, Kreuzer KA, Pallasch C, Krüger M, Lechner A, Fischer K, Stilgenbauer S, Beutner D, Hallek M, Auguin D, Hüttelmaier S, Bloehdorn J, Vasyutina E, Herling M. The proto-oncogene TCL1A deregulates cell cycle and genomic stability in CLL. Blood 2023; 141:1425-1441. [PMID: 36179280 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022015494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Upregulation of the proto-oncogene T-cell leukemia/lymphoma 1A (TCL1A) is causally implicated in various B-cell and T-cell malignancies. High-level TCL1A correlates with aggressive disease features and inferior clinical outcomes. However, the molecular and cell biological consequences of, particularly nuclear, TCL1A are not fully elucidated. We observed here in mouse models of subcellular site-specific TCL1A-induced lymphomagenesis that TCL1A exerts a strong transforming impact via nuclear topography. In proteomic screens of TCL1A-bound molecules in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells and B-cell lymphoma lines, we identified regulators of cell cycle and DNA repair pathways as novel TCL1A interactors, particularly enriched under induced DNA damage and mitosis. By functional mapping and in silico modeling, we specifically identified the mitotic checkpoint protein, cell division cycle 20 (CDC20), as a direct TCL1A interactor. According to the regulatory impact of TCL1A on the activity of the CDC20-containing mitotic checkpoint and anaphase-promoting complexes during mitotic progression, TCL1A overexpression accelerated cell cycle transition in B-cell lymphoma lines, impaired apoptotic damage responses in association with pronounced chromosome missegregation, and caused cellular aneuploidy in Eμ-TCL1A mice. Among hematopoietic cancers, CDC20 levels seem particularly low in CLL. CDC20 expression negatively correlated with TCL1A and lower expression marked more aggressive and genomically instable disease and cellular phenotypes. Knockdown of Cdc20 in TCL1A-initiated murine CLL promoted aneuploidy and leukemic acceleration. Taken together, we discovered a novel cell cycle-associated effect of TCL1A abrogating controlled cell cycle transition. This adds to our concept of oncogenic TCL1A by targeting genome stability. Overall, we propose that TCL1A acts as a pleiotropic adapter molecule with a synergistic net effect of multiple hijacked pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Stachelscheid
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Qu Jiang
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Aszyk
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kathrin Warner
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nadine Bley
- Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Halle, Germany
| | - Tony Müller
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Olga Vydzhak
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Symeonidis
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Giuliano Crispatzu
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Petra Mayer
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stuart James Blakemore
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gudrun Goehring
- Institute of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sebastian Newrzela
- Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stephanie Hippler
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sandra Robrecht
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Karl-Anton Kreuzer
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Pallasch
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Axel Lechner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kirsten Fischer
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephan Stilgenbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Beutner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Hallek
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Daniel Auguin
- Université d'Orléans, INRA, USC1328, Orléans, France
- Structural Motility, Institut Curie, Paris Université Sciences et Lettres, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Stefan Hüttelmaier
- Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Halle, Germany
| | | | - Elena Vasyutina
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marco Herling
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Hematology, Cellular Therapy, and Hemostaseology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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