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Kim JS, Ma SF, Ma JZ, Huang Y, Bonham CA, Oldham JM, Adegunsoye A, Strek ME, Flaherty KR, Strickland E, Udofia I, Mooney JJ, Ghosh S, Maddipati K, Noth I. Associations of Plasma Omega-3 Fatty Acids With Progression and Survival in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Chest 2024; 165:621-631. [PMID: 37866772 PMCID: PMC10925547 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2023.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical experiments suggest protective effects of omega-3 fatty acids and their metabolites in lung injury and fibrosis. Whether higher intake of omega-3 fatty acids is associated with disease progression and survival in humans with pulmonary fibrosis is unknown. RESEARCH QUESTION What are the associations of plasma omega-3 fatty acid levels (a validated marker of omega-3 nutritional intake) with disease progression and transplant-free survival in pulmonary fibrosis? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Omega-3 fatty acid levels were measured from plasma samples of patients with clinically diagnosed pulmonary fibrosis from the Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation Patient Registry (n = 150), University of Virginia (n = 58), and University of Chicago (n = 101) cohorts. The N-3 index (docosahexaenoic acid + eicosapentaenoic acid) was the primary exposure variable of interest. Linear-mixed effects models with random intercept and slope were used to examine associations of plasma omega-3 fatty acid levels with changes in FVC and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide over a period of 12 months. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine transplant-free survival. Stratified analyses by telomere length were performed in the University of Chicago cohort. RESULTS Most of the cohort were patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (88%) and male patients (74%). One-unit increment in log-transformed N-3 index plasma level was associated with a change in diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide of 1.43 mL/min/mm Hg per 12 months (95% CI, 0.46-2.41) and a hazard ratio for transplant-free survival of 0.44 (95% CI, 0.24-0.83). Cardiovascular disease history, smoking, and antifibrotic usage did not significantly modify associations. Omega-3 fatty acid levels were not significantly associated with changes in FVC. Higher eicosapentaenoic acid plasma levels were associated with longer transplant-free survival among University of Chicago participants with shorter telomere length (P value for interaction = .02). INTERPRETATION Further research is needed to investigate underlying biological mechanisms and whether omega-3 fatty acids are a potential disease-modifying therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA; Department of Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY.
| | - Shwu-Fan Ma
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Jennie Z Ma
- Department of Public Health, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Catherine A Bonham
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Justin M Oldham
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - Mary E Strek
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Emma Strickland
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | | | | | - Shrestha Ghosh
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Imre Noth
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
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Agarwal M, Roth K, Yang Z, Sharma R, Maddipati K, Westrick J, Petriello MC. Loss of flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 modulates dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyl 126-induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity. Environ Res 2024; 250:118492. [PMID: 38373550 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Dioxin-like pollutants (DLPs), such as polychlorinated biphenyl 126 (PCB 126), are synthetic chemicals classified as persistent organic pollutants. They accumulate in adipose tissue and have been linked to cardiometabolic disorders, including fatty liver disease. The toxicity of these compounds is associated with activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr), leading to the induction of phase I metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P4501a1 (Cyp1a1) and the subsequent production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recent research has shown that DLPs can also induce the xenobiotic detoxification enzyme flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3), which plays a role in metabolic homeostasis. We hypothesized whether genetic deletion of Fmo3 could protect mice, particularly in the liver, where Fmo3 is most inducible, against PCB 126 toxicity. To test this hypothesis, male C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) mice and Fmo3 knockout (Fmo3 KO) mice were exposed to PCB 126 or vehicle (safflower oil) during a 12-week study, at weeks 2 and 4. Various analyses were performed, including hepatic histology, RNA-sequencing, and quantitation of PCB 126 and F2-isoprostane concentrations. The results showed that PCB 126 exposure caused macro and microvesicular fat deposition in WT mice, but this macrovesicular fatty change was absent in Fmo3 KO mice. Moreover, at the pathway level, the hepatic oxidative stress response was significantly different between the two genotypes, with the induction of specific genes observed only in WT mice. Notably, the most abundant F2-isoprostane, 8-iso-15-keto PGE2, increased in WT mice in response to PCB 126 exposure. The study's findings also demonstrated that hepatic tissue concentrations of PCB 126 were higher in WT mice compared to Fmo3 KO mice. In summary, the absence of FMO3 in mice led to a distinctive response to dioxin-like pollutant exposure in the liver, likely due to alterations in lipid metabolism and storage, underscoring the complex interplay of genetic factors in the response to environmental toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Agarwal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA; Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Katherine Roth
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Zhao Yang
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Rahul Sharma
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Krishnarao Maddipati
- Department of Pathology, Lipidomic Core Facility, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Judy Westrick
- Department of Chemistry, Lumigen Instrumentation Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Michael C Petriello
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA; Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
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Pan B, Yuan S, Mayernik L, Yap YT, Moin K, Chung CS, Maddipati K, Krawetz SA, Zhang Z, Hess RA, Chen X. Disrupted intercellular bridges and spermatogenesis in fatty acyl-CoA reductase 1 knockout mice: A new model of ether lipid deficiency. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22908. [PMID: 37039784 PMCID: PMC10150578 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201848r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA reductase 1 (FAR1) is a rate-limiting enzyme for ether lipid (EL) synthesis. Gene mutations in FAR1 cause a rare human disease. Furthermore, altered EL homeostasis has also been associated with various prevalent human diseases. Despite their importance in human health, the exact cellular functions of FAR1 and EL are not well-understood. Here, we report the generation and initial characterization of the first Far1 knockout (KO) mouse model. Far1 KO mice were subviable and displayed growth retardation. The adult KO male mice had smaller testes and were infertile. H&E and immunofluorescent staining showed fewer germ cells in seminiferous tubules. Round spermatids were present but no elongated spermatids or spermatozoa were observed, suggesting a spermatogenesis arrest at this stage. Large multi-nucleated giant cells (MGC) were found lining the lumen of seminiferous tubules with many of them undergoing apoptosis. The immunofluorescent signal of TEX14, an essential component of intercellular bridges (ICB) between developing germ cells, was greatly reduced and mislocalized in KO testis, suggesting the disrupted ICBs as an underlying cause of MGC formation. Integrative analysis of our total testis RNA-sequencing results and published single-cell RNA-sequencing data unveiled cell type-specific molecular alterations underlying the spermatogenesis arrest. Many genes essential for late germ cell development showed dramatic downregulation, whereas genes essential for extracellular matrix dynamics and cell-cell interactions were among the most upregulated genes. Together, this work identified the cell type-specific requirement of ELs in spermatogenesis and suggested a critical role of Far1/ELs in the formation/maintenance of ICB during meiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Pan
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Shuo Yuan
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Linda Mayernik
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Yi Tian Yap
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Kamiar Moin
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Charles S. Chung
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Krishnarao Maddipati
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Stephen A. Krawetz
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Zhibing Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Rex A. Hess
- Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Xuequn Chen
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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Nirujogi TS, Kotha SR, Chung S, Reader BF, Yenigalla A, Zhang L, Shapiro JP, Wisler J, Christman JW, Maddipati K, Parinandi NL, Karpurapu M. Lipidomic Profiling of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Extracellular Vesicles Indicates Their Involvement in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury. J Innate Immun 2022; 14:555-568. [PMID: 35367992 PMCID: PMC9485986 DOI: 10.1159/000522338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging data support the pivotal role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in normal cellular physiology and disease conditions. However, despite their abundance, there is much less information about the lipid mediators carried in EVs, especially in the context of acute lung injury (ALI). Our data demonstrate that C57BL/6 mice subjected to intranasal Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI release, a higher number of EVs into the alveolar space, compared to saline-treated controls. EVs released during ALI originated from alveolar epithelial cells, macrophages, and neutrophils and carry a diverse array of lipid mediators derived from ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The eicosanoids in EVs correlated with cellular levels of arachidonic acid, expression of cytosolic phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX), and cytochrome epoxygenase p450 proteins in pulmonary macrophages. Furthermore, EVs from LPS-toll-like receptor 4 knockout (TLR4-/-) mice contained significantly lower amounts of COX and LOX catalyzed eicosanoids and ω-3 PUFA metabolites. More importantly, EVs from LPS-treated wild-type mice increased TNF-α release by macrophages and reduced alveolar epithelial monolayer barrier integrity compared to EVs from LPS-treated TLR4-/- mice. In summary, our study demonstrates for the first time that the EV carried PUFA metabolite profile in part depends on the inflammatory status of the lung macrophages and modulates pulmonary macrophage and alveolar epithelial cell function during LPS-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teja Srinivas Nirujogi
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sainath R. Kotha
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Office of Health Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sangwoon Chung
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Brenda F. Reader
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Anita Yenigalla
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Liwen Zhang
- Proteomics Shared Resources, Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - John P. Shapiro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jon Wisler
- Divison of Trauma and Critical Care, Department of Surgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - John W. Christman
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Krishnarao Maddipati
- Department of Pathology, Lipidomics Core Facility, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Narasimham L. Parinandi
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Manjula Karpurapu
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Warner D, Vatsalya V, Zirnheld KH, Warner JB, Hardesty JE, Umhau JC, McClain CJ, Maddipati K, Kirpich IA. Linoleic Acid-Derived Oxylipins Differentiate Early Stage Alcoholic Hepatitis From Mild Alcohol-Associated Liver Injury. Hepatol Commun 2021; 5:947-960. [PMID: 34141982 PMCID: PMC8183177 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a spectrum of liver disorders ranging from steatosis to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) is an acute and often severe form of ALD with substantial morbidity and mortality. The mechanisms and mediators of ALD progression and severity are not well understood, and effective therapeutic options are limited. Various bioactive lipid mediators have recently emerged as important factors in ALD pathogenesis. The current study aimed to examine alterations in linoleic acid (LA)-derived lipid metabolites in the plasma of individuals who are heavy drinkers and to evaluate associations between these molecules and markers of liver injury and systemic inflammation. Analysis of plasma LA-derived metabolites was performed on 66 individuals who were heavy drinkers and 29 socially drinking but otherwise healthy volunteers. Based on plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, 15 patients had no liver injury (ALT ≤ 40 U/L), 33 patients had mild liver injury (ALT > 40 U/L), and 18 were diagnosed with moderate AH (mAH) (Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score <20). Lipoxygenase-derived LA metabolites (13-hydroxy-octadecadienoic acid [13-HODE] and 13-oxo-octadecadienoic acid) were markedly elevated only in patients with mAH. The cytochrome P450-derived LA epoxides 9,10-epoxy-octadecenoic acid (9,10-EpOME) and 12,13-EpOME were decreased in all patients regardless of the presence or absence of liver injury. LA-derived diols 9,10-dihydroxy-octadecenoic acid (9,10-DiHOME) and 12,13-DiHOME as well as the corresponding diol/epoxide ratio were elevated in the mAH group, specifically compared to patients with mild liver injury. We found that 13-HODE and 12,13-EpOME (elevated and decreased, respectively) in combination with elevated interleukin-1β as independent predictors can effectively predict altered liver function as defined by elevated bilirubin levels. Conclusion: Specific changes in LA metabolites in individuals who are heavy drinkers can distinguish individuals with mAH from those with mild ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Warner
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionDepartment of MedicineUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA
| | - Vatsalya Vatsalya
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionDepartment of MedicineUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA.,Robley Rex Veterans Medical CenterLouisvilleKYUSA
| | - Kara H Zirnheld
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionDepartment of MedicineUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA
| | - Jeffrey B Warner
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionDepartment of MedicineUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA.,Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineKYUSA
| | - Josiah E Hardesty
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionDepartment of MedicineUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA.,Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineKYUSA
| | | | - Craig J McClain
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionDepartment of MedicineUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA.,Robley Rex Veterans Medical CenterLouisvilleKYUSA.,Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineKYUSA.,University of Louisville Alcohol CenterLouisvilleKYUSA.,Hepatobiology and Toxicology CenterUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKYUSA
| | | | - Irina A Kirpich
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionDepartment of MedicineUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA.,Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineKYUSA.,University of Louisville Alcohol CenterLouisvilleKYUSA.,Hepatobiology and Toxicology CenterUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKYUSA
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Warner D, Vatsalya V, Zirnheld K, Warner J, Hardesty J, Umhau J, McClain C, Maddipati K, Kirpich I. Linoleic Acid‐Derived Oxylipins Differentiate Early Stage of Alcoholic Hepatitis from Mild Alcohol‐Associated Liver Injury. FASEB J 2021. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.02344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Nangia-Makker P, Raz T, Tait L, Shekhar MPV, Li H, Balan V, Makker H, Fridman R, Maddipati K, Raz A. Ocimum gratissimum retards breast cancer growth and progression and is a natural inhibitor of matrix metalloproteases. Cancer Biol Ther 2013; 14:417-27. [PMID: 23380593 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.23762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocimum genus (a.k.a holy basil or tulsi) is a dietary herb used for its multiple beneficial pharmacologic properties including anti-cancer activity. Here we show that crude extract of Ocimum gratissimum (OG) and its hydrophobic and hydrophilic fractions (HB and HL) differentially inhibit breast cancer cell chemotaxis and chemoinvasion in vitro and retard tumor growth and temporal progression of MCF10ADCIS.com xenografts, a model of human breast comedo-ductal carcinoma in situ (comedo-DCIS). OG-induced inhibition of tumor growth was associated with decreases in basement membrane disintegration, angiogenesis and MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities as confirmed by in situ gelatin zymography and cleavage of galectin-3. There was also decrease in MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities in the conditioned media of OG-treated MCF10AT1 and MCF10AT1-EIII8 premalignant human breast cancer cells as compared with control. The MMP-2 and MMP-9 inhibitory activities of OG were verified in vitro using gelatin, a synthetic fluorogenic peptide and recombinant galectin-3 as MMP substrates. Mice fed on OG-supplemented drinking water showed no adverse effects compared with control. These data suggest that OG is non-toxic and that the anti-cancer therapeutic activity of OG may in part be contributed by its MMP inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratima Nangia-Makker
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
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