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Li Y, Yen D, Hendrix RD, Gordon BA, Dlamini S, Barthélemy NR, Aschenbrenner AJ, Henson RL, Herries EM, Volluz K, Kirmess K, Eastwood S, Meyer M, Heller M, Jarrett L, McDade E, Holtzman DM, Benzinger TL, Morris JC, Bateman RJ, Xiong C, Schindler SE. Timing of Biomarker Changes in Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease in Estimated Years from Symptom Onset. Ann Neurol 2024; 95:951-965. [PMID: 38400792 PMCID: PMC11060905 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A clock relating amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) to time was used to estimate the timing of biomarker changes in sporadic Alzheimer disease (AD). METHODS Research participants were included who underwent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collection within 2 years of amyloid PET. The ages at amyloid onset and AD symptom onset were estimated for each individual. The timing of change for plasma, CSF, imaging, and cognitive measures was calculated by comparing restricted cubic splines of cross-sectional data from the amyloid PET positive and negative groups. RESULTS The amyloid PET positive sub-cohort (n = 118) had an average age of 70.4 ± 7.4 years (mean ± standard deviation) and 16% were cognitively impaired. The amyloid PET negative sub-cohort (n = 277) included individuals with low levels of amyloid plaque burden at all scans who were cognitively unimpaired at the time of the scans. Biomarker changes were detected 15-19 years before estimated symptom onset for CSF Aβ42/Aβ40, plasma Aβ42/Aβ40, CSF pT217/T217, and amyloid PET; 12-14 years before estimated symptom onset for plasma pT217/T217, CSF neurogranin, CSF SNAP-25, CSF sTREM2, plasma GFAP, and plasma NfL; and 7-9 years before estimated symptom onset for CSF pT205/T205, CSF YKL-40, hippocampal volumes, and cognitive measures. INTERPRETATION The use of an amyloid clock enabled visualization and analysis of biomarker changes as a function of estimated years from symptom onset in sporadic AD. This study demonstrates that estimated years from symptom onset based on an amyloid clock can be used as a continuous staging measure for sporadic AD and aligns with findings in autosomal dominant AD. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:951-965.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Daniel Yen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rachel D. Hendrix
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Brian A. Gordon
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sibonginkhosi Dlamini
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nicolas R. Barthélemy
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Rachel L. Henson
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Elizabeth M. Herries
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Katherine Volluz
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | | | | | - Maren Heller
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lea Jarrett
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eric McDade
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David M. Holtzman
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tammie L.S. Benzinger
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John C. Morris
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Randall J. Bateman
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chengjie Xiong
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Suzanne E. Schindler
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Fischer B, Van Hulle CA, Langhough R, Norton D, Zuelsdorff M, Gooding DC, Wyman MF, Johnson A, Lambrou N, James T, Bouges S, Carter FP, Salazar H, Kirmess K, Holubasch M, Meyer M, Venkatesh V, West T, Verghese P, Yarasheski K, Carlsson CM, Johnson SC, Asthana S, Gleason CE. Plasma Aβ42/40 and cognitive variability are associated with cognitive function in Black Americans: Findings from the AA-FAIM cohort. Alzheimers Dement (N Y) 2023; 9:e12414. [PMID: 37752907 PMCID: PMC10519622 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction It is critical to develop more inclusive Alzheimer's disease (AD) research protocols to ensure that historically excluded groups are included in preclinical research and have access to timely diagnosis and treatment. If validated in racialized groups, plasma AD biomarkers and measures of subtle cognitive dysfunction could provide avenues to expand diversity in preclinical AD research. We sought to evaluate the utility of two easily obtained, low-burden disease markers, plasma amyloid beta (Aβ)42/40, and intra-individual cognitive variability (IICV), to predict concurrent and longitudinal cognitive performance in a sample of Black adults. Methods Two hundred fifty-seven Black participants enrolled in the African Americans Fighting Alzheimer's in Midlife (AA-FAIM) study underwent at least one cognitive assessment visit; a subset of n = 235 had plasma samples. Baseline IICV was calculated as the standard deviation across participants' z scores on five cognitive measures: Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test Delayed Recall, Trail Making Test Parts A and B (Trails A and B), and Boston Naming Test. Using mixed effects regression models, we compared concurrent and longitudinal models to baseline plasma Aβ42/40 or IICV by age interactions. PrecivityAD assays quantified baseline plasma Aβ42/40. Results IICV was associated with concurrent/baseline performance on several outcomes but did not modify associations between age and cognitive decline. In contrast, plasma Aβ42/40 was unrelated to baseline cognitive performance, but a pattern emerged in interactions with age in longitudinal models of Trails A and B and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test total learning trials. Although not significant after correcting for multiple comparisons, low Aβ42/40 was associated with faster cognitive declines over time. Discussion Our results are promising as they extend existing findings to an Black American sample using low-cost, low-burden methods that can be implemented outside of a research center, thus supporting efforts for inclusive AD biomarker research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Fischer
- Madison VA GRECCWilliam S. Middleton Memorial HospitalMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Carol Ann Van Hulle
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Rebecca Langhough
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's InstituteUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Derek Norton
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical InformaticsUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Megan Zuelsdorff
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
- School of NursingUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Diane Carol Gooding
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMadison, WisconsinUSA
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Mary F. Wyman
- Madison VA GRECCWilliam S. Middleton Memorial HospitalMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Adrienne Johnson
- Center for Tobacco Research and InterventionSchool of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Nickolas Lambrou
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Taryn James
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Shenikqua Bouges
- Madison VA GRECCWilliam S. Middleton Memorial HospitalMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Fabu Phillis Carter
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Hector Salazar
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | | | | | | | | | - Tim West
- C2N DiagnosticsSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | | | | | - Cynthia M. Carlsson
- Madison VA GRECCWilliam S. Middleton Memorial HospitalMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's InstituteUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Sterling C. Johnson
- Madison VA GRECCWilliam S. Middleton Memorial HospitalMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's InstituteUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Sanjay Asthana
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's InstituteUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Carey E. Gleason
- Madison VA GRECCWilliam S. Middleton Memorial HospitalMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
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Verberk IMW, Misdorp EO, Koelewijn J, Ball AJ, Blennow K, Dage JL, Fandos N, Hansson O, Hirtz C, Janelidze S, Kang S, Kirmess K, Kindermans J, Lee R, Meyer MR, Shan D, Shaw LM, Waligorska T, West T, Zetterberg H, Edelmayer RM, Teunissen CE. Characterization of pre-analytical sample handling effects on a panel of Alzheimer's disease-related blood-based biomarkers: Results from the Standardization of Alzheimer's Blood Biomarkers (SABB) working group. Alzheimers Dement 2021; 18:1484-1497. [PMID: 34845818 PMCID: PMC9148379 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Pre‐analytical sample handling might affect the results of Alzheimer's disease blood‐based biomarkers. We empirically tested variations of common blood collection and handling procedures. Methods We created sample sets that address the effect of blood collection tube type, and of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid plasma delayed centrifugation, centrifugation temperature, aliquot volume, delayed storage, and freeze–thawing. We measured amyloid beta (Aβ)42 and 40 peptides with six assays, and Aβ oligomerization‐tendency (OAβ), amyloid precursor protein (APP)699‐711, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light (NfL), total tau (t‐tau), and phosphorylated tau181. Results Collection tube type resulted in different values of all assessed markers. Delayed plasma centrifugation and storage affected Aβ and t‐tau; t‐tau was additionally affected by centrifugation temperature. The other markers were resistant to handling variations. Discussion We constructed a standardized operating procedure for plasma handling, to facilitate introduction of blood‐based biomarkers into the research and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge M W Verberk
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Els O Misdorp
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jannet Koelewijn
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andrew J Ball
- Quanterix Corporation, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Salhgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | | | | | - Oskar Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christophe Hirtz
- IRMB-LBPC/PPC, INM, Univ Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, INSERM CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | | | - Jana Kindermans
- IRMB-LBPC/PPC, INM, Univ Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, INSERM CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Ryan Lee
- PeopleBio, Seongnam, South Korea
| | | | - Dandan Shan
- Quanterix Corporation, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leslie M Shaw
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Teresa Waligorska
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tim West
- C2N Diagnostics, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Salhgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.,UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | | | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Knochenmuss R, Kirmess K, Kinsel G, Blanchard G. Reply to "Comment on: MALDI ionization mechanisms investigated by comparison of isomers of dihydroxybenzoic acid". J Mass Spectrom 2016; 51:1103-1104. [PMID: 27496017 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Knochenmuss
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - K Kirmess
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - G Kinsel
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - G Blanchard
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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