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Min K, Piao XM, Kim SK, Park SH, Kang H, Kim W, Kim K, Park H, Yun S. Bifidobacterium species BB_003 enhances antitumor immunity in patients with NMIBC and improve recurrence-free survival. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00656-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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2
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Lee Y, Lee Y, Moon S, Lee S, Roh Y, Min K. Development of semi-empirical soot emission model for a CI engine. Sci Total Environ 2022; 820:153327. [PMID: 35066050 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Soot is one of the main harmful emissions of diesel engines that is mainly generated in the reacting fuel jet of diesel injection. Over 99% of the engine-out soot can be filtered by a diesel particulate filter (DPF). However, when the soot load of the DPF is high, a regeneration process that oxidizes the accumulated soot reduces fuel economy. A real-time soot estimation model can contribute to real-time feedback soot control under transient conditions to minimize the engine-out soot emission and frequency of DPF regeneration. A zero-dimensional engine-out soot estimation model for a diesel engine is developed in this study. The semi-empirical soot model considers both the formation and oxidation of soot. In the model, soot formation was correlated with the cross-sectional average equivalence ratio at the lift-off length of the fuel spray. The equivalence ratio at the lift-off length is an indicator of how much air and vaporized fuel are mixed as the fuel reaches the reaction zone. The mass of the injected fuel and combustion duration were also correlated with soot formation. The Nagle and Strickland-Constable mechanism, which calculates the soot oxidation rate was correlated with the soot oxidation in this study. The results of the soot estimation showed an R2 of 0.901 and root mean square error of 10.8 mg/m3 for steady-state experimental cases. The engine-out soot model was also combined with the in-cylinder pressure model proposed by the authors, and validated through the transient Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Cycle (WLTC) mode. The estimates agreed with the measured soot, with an accumulated soot error of approximately 6% during the WLTC, even without using an in-cylinder pressure sensor. The soot model developed in this study can help minimize tailpipe-out soot emissions and improve fuel economy by influencing the real-time feedback control during transient and frequent DPF regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngbok Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongjoo Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunyoung Moon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungha Lee
- Hyundai Motor Group, 150 HyundaiYeonguso-ro, Namyang-eup, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 18280, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjun Roh
- Hyundai Motor Group, 150 HyundaiYeonguso-ro, Namyang-eup, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 18280, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungdoug Min
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Lee Y, Lee S, Lee S, Choi H, Min K. Characteristics of NOx emission of light-duty diesel vehicle with LNT and SCR system by season and RDE phase. Sci Total Environ 2021; 782:146750. [PMID: 33839657 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As the regulations on vehicle emissions have become more stringent internationally and real-driving emissions (RDE) have been established, the on-road characteristics of emissions have gained importance in vehicle research and development. The results of the fuel consumption levels and emissions from on-road tests are affected by many factors, such as driving conditions, routes and environmental conditions. Therefore, more research and analysis are needed for the effects of environmental factors and driving conditions according to RDE phase on the NOx emissions. In this study, RDE tests were conducted by season to analyze the on-road NOx emission characteristics of lean NOx trap (LNT)- and selective catalytic reduction (SCR)-equipped diesel vehicles corresponding to the Euro 6b regulation prior to the application of the RDE regulation. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of seasonal factors and phases of the RDE routes on the NOx emission and NOx conversion efficiency of catalyst. In spring/autumn and summer, the engine-out and tail-pipe NOx emissions were higher 1.3-5.9 times for vehicle A and 1.3-28.4 times for vehicle B in the urban phase than in other phases. In the urban phase, the engine bay temperature was probable to rise owing to frequent stops and low-speed driving, leading to a high intake air temperature, which causes excessive NOx emission, particularly in summer. The average air filter temperature in urban phase was 11-15 °C higher than the environment temperature for vehicle A. The NOx conversion efficiency of the LNT was highest at 54.1% on motorway and the efficiency was dependent on the phase of the test route. The NOx conversion efficiency of the SCR, which is dependent on the catalyst temperature, was highest at 98.7% in spring motorway and the efficiency was affected by the combined factors of season and phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjoo Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungil Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun Lee
- Hyundai Motor Company, Hwasung-si, Gyeonggi-Do, 455-963, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoimyung Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gachon University, Gyeonggi 13120, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyoungdoug Min
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Min K. 064 Attitude of Women Nurse Practitioners for Embarrassing Female Sexual and Urinary Symptoms in Korea. J Sex Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.04.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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Min K, Park T. 199 Attitude of Women Nurses for Embarrassing Female Sexual and Urinary Symptoms in Korea. J Sex Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.11.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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6
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Min K, Lee C, Seo W, Kim W. 418 The relationship between premature ejaculation and lower urinary tract symptoms in mid to old men. J Sex Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2018.04.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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7
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Park H, Jang K, Song K, Kim S, Kim Y, Cha M, Choi SY, Min K. Value of unenhanced MRI with diffusion-weighted imaging for detection of primary small (≤20 mm) solid pancreatic tumours and prediction of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Clin Radiol 2017; 72:1076-1084. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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8
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Li J, Hoeppner C, Gan S, Blair A, Min K, Sims A, Tietz A, Vinas M, Rehage T, Malhotra K, Halait H, Brophy V. An extended KRAS mutation test for the detection of 28 common mutations in FFPET and plasma specimens. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw363.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Schmid SL, Wechsler C, Farshad M, Antoniadis A, Ulrich NH, Min K, Woernle CM. Surgery for lumbar disc herniation: Analysis of 500 consecutive patients treated in an interdisciplinary spine centre. J Clin Neurosci 2016; 27:40-3. [PMID: 26778355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2015.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Surgical removal of a symptomatic herniated lumbar disc is performed either with or without the support of a microscope. Up to the time of writing, the literature has reported similar clinical outcomes for the two procedures. Five hundred consecutive patients, operated upon for primary single-level lumbar disc herniation in our University Spine Center between 2003-2011, with (n=275), or without (n=225), the aid of a microscope were included. Data were retrospectively analyzed, comparing the primary endpoint of clinical outcome and the secondary endpoints of complications, surgical time and length of hospitalization. Clinical outcomes and reoperation rates were comparable in both groups. Surgical time was significantly shorter with a mean time of 47minutes without use of the microscope compared to the mean time of 87minutes (p<0.001) with the use of the microscope. Mean length of hospitalization was shorter in those operated with the microscope (5.3days) compared to those without (6.1days, p=0.004). There was no difference in rates of complications. Microdiscectomy versus open sequestrectomy and discectomy for surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation is associated with similar clinical outcomes and reoperation rates. Open sequestrectomy is associated with shorter operation times. Microdiscectomy is associated with shorter hospitalization stays.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Schmid
- Department of Orthopedics, Spine Center, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Forchstrasse 340, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - C Wechsler
- Department of Orthopedics, Spine Center, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Forchstrasse 340, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M Farshad
- Department of Orthopedics, Spine Center, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Forchstrasse 340, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A Antoniadis
- Department of Orthopedics, Spine Center, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Forchstrasse 340, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - N H Ulrich
- Department of Orthopedics, Spine Center, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Forchstrasse 340, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - K Min
- Department of Orthopedics, Spine Center, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Forchstrasse 340, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - C M Woernle
- Department of Orthopedics, Spine Center, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Forchstrasse 340, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland
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10
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Min K, Min J. Environmental Exposure to Phthalates may Affect Bone Mineral Density in Older Women. Int J Epidemiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv096.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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11
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Ulrich A, Min K, Curt A. High sensitivity of contact-heat evoked potentials in “snake-eye” appearance myelopathy. Clin Neurophysiol 2015; 126:1994-2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2014.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2013] [Revised: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Haas T, Spielmann N, Restin T, Seifert B, Henze G, Obwegeser J, Min K, Jeszenszky D, Weiss M, Schmugge M. Higher fibrinogen concentrations for reduction of transfusion requirements during major paediatric surgery: A prospective randomised controlled trial. Br J Anaesth 2015; 115:234-43. [PMID: 25982134 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aev136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypofibrinogenaemia is one of the main reasons for development of perioperative coagulopathy during major paediatric surgery. The aim of this study was to assess whether prophylactic maintenance of higher fibrinogen concentrations through administration of fibrinogen concentrate would decrease the volume of transfused red blood cell (RBCs). METHODS In this prospective, randomised, clinical trial, patients aged 6 months to 17 yr undergoing craniosynostosis and scoliosis surgery received fibrinogen concentrate (30 mg kg(-1)) at two predefined intraoperative fibrinogen concentrations [ROTEM(®) FIBTEM maximum clot firmness (MCF) of <8 mm (conventional) or <13 mm (early substitution)]. Total volume of transfused RBCs was recorded over 24 h after start of surgery. RESULTS Thirty children who underwent craniosynostosis surgery and 19 children who underwent scoliosis surgery were treated per protocol. During craniosynostosis surgery, children in the early substitution group received significantly less RBCs (median, 28 ml kg(-1); IQR, 21 to 50 ml kg(-1)) compared with the conventional fibrinogen trigger of <8 mm (median, 56 ml kg(-1); IQR, 28 to 62 ml kg(-1)) (P=0.03). Calculated blood loss as per cent of estimated total blood volume decreased from a median of 160% (IQR, 110-190%) to a median of 90% (IQR, 78-110%) (P=0.017). No significant changes were observed in the scoliosis surgery population. No bleeding events requiring surgical intervention, postoperative transfusions of RBCs, or treatment-related adverse events were observed. CONCLUSIONS Intraoperative administration of fibrinogen concentrate using a FIBTEM MCF trigger level of <13 mm can be successfully used to significantly decrease bleeding, and transfusion requirements in the setting of craniosynostosis surgery, but not scoliosis. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NUMBER ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01487837.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Haas
- Department of Anaesthesia, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - N Spielmann
- Department of Anaesthesia, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T Restin
- Department of Anaesthesia, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - B Seifert
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - G Henze
- Department of Anaesthesia, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Obwegeser
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - K Min
- Swiss Scoliosis, Centre for Spinal and Scoliosis Surgery, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - D Jeszenszky
- Department of Spine Surgery and Neurosurgery, Schulthess Clinic, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Weiss
- Department of Anaesthesia, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Schmugge
- Department of Haematology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Yoon B, Bahk W, Jon D, Shin Y, Seo J, Lee J, Woo Y, Jeong J, Kim M, Sohn I, Shim S, Min K. Korean Medication Algorithm for Bipolar Disorder 2014. Eur Psychiatry 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(15)30920-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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14
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Farshad-Amacker NA, Nguyen TD, Farshad M, Andreisek G, Min K, Frauenfelder T. Semiautomatic superimposition improves radiological assessment of curve flexibility in scoliosis. Eur Radiol 2014; 25:860-4. [PMID: 25231133 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-014-3433-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Assessment of scoliotic curve flexibility and stiffness is essential for planning surgical treatment in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Measurement of curve flexibility is currently insufficiently precise. The purpose of this study was to introduce and validate a novel method of superimposing radiographs for more reliable measurement of curve flexibility. MATERIAL AND METHODS Two independent radiologists measured Cobb angles separately on standard anterior-posterior (AP) (n = 48) and supine bending radiographs (n = 48), in patients with AIS, who were randomly included from a surgical database. The same readers repeated the measurements after the bending radiographs were semi-automatically superimposed on the AP radiographs by fusing the caudad end vertebra. Curve flexibility was calculated. Inter-reader agreement between the two independent readers was calculated using interclass correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS A moderate inter-reader agreement was achieved in the upper curve (ICC = 0.57) and a good agreement in the lower curve (ICC = 0.72) with the standard method of assessing curve flexibility. With the use of the semiautomatic superimposition, however, almost perfect agreement was achieved for both the upper and the lower curves flexibilities (ICC = 0.93 and 0.97, respectively). CONCLUSION The introduced semi-automatic superimposition technique for measurement of scoliotic curve flexibility in AIS is more precise and reliable than the current standard method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja A Farshad-Amacker
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Zurich, Raemistrasse 101, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland,
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Ulrich N, Antoniadis A, Schmid S, Woernle C, Spirig J, Colombo G, Farshad M, Min K. Decompression Surgery for Lumbar Spinal Canal Stenosis in Octogenarians; Single Center Experience of 121 Consecutive Cases. J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1383766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Morrison A, McMillan L, Radwanski K, Blatchford O, Min K, Petrik J. Storage of apheresis platelet concentrates after manual replacement of >95% of plasma with PAS 5. Vox Sang 2014; 107:247-53. [DOI: 10.1111/vox.12157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Morrison
- National Science Laboratory; Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service; Microbiology and Components RD&I Group; Edinburgh UK
| | - L. McMillan
- National Science Laboratory; Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service; Microbiology and Components RD&I Group; Edinburgh UK
| | | | | | - K. Min
- Fresenius Kabi USA; Lake Zurich IL USA
| | - J. Petrik
- National Science Laboratory; Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service; Microbiology and Components RD&I Group; Edinburgh UK
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Hara S, Hosoi K, Suga Y, Takata T, Degami H, Kinoshita Y, Min K, Katsuyama S, Takayama O, Murata M. A Pleomorphic Carcinoma of the Lung with Small Intestinal Metastasis Producing Multiple Cytokines. Ann Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt460.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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18
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Radwanski K, Thill M, Min K. Red cell storage in E-Sol 5 and Adsol additive solutions: paired comparison using mixed and non-mixed study designs. Vox Sang 2013; 106:322-9. [DOI: 10.1111/vox.12108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Thill
- Fresenius Kabi USA; Lake Zurich IL USA
| | - K. Min
- Fresenius Kabi USA; Lake Zurich IL USA
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Farshad M, Min K. Abduction extension cervical nerve root stress test: anatomical basis and clinical relevance. Eur Spine J 2013; 22:1522-1525. [PMID: 23412084 PMCID: PMC3698357 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-013-2689-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2012] [Revised: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE While the Lasègue straight leg raising test is an established test for lumbar nerve root compression, an established equivalent for cervical nerve root compression is missing. The aim of this bi-modal study was to find the most effective way to stretch the cervical nerve roots anatomically in cadavers and to assess its value in the clinical setting. METHODS Three positional maneuvers of the upper limb were tested on three cadavers to determine the displacement by stretch of the nerve roots C5, C6 and C7. The maneuver which was most efficient in nerve root displacement was applied in 24 patients with confirmed symptomatic cervical nerve root compression (cases) and 65 controls to assess the clinical value of the test. RESULTS The most efficient way to displace the cervical nerve roots by stretch was to apply dorsal pressure on the humeral head with the shoulder in 80° of abduction and 30° of extension, with slight elbow flexion while the head is facing the contralateral side. This maneuver produced 4-5 mm of nerve root displacement in cadavers. This test aggravated radicular symptoms in 79% of the patients with cervical nerve root compression and was negative in 98% of the controls. CONCLUSION The described abduction extension test with posterior push on the humeral head creates a fulcrum over which the brachial plexus can be displaced to create stress on cervical nerve roots. This simple test is easy to perform clinically and aggravates radicular symptoms in most of the patients with cervical nerve root compression while it is negative in nearly all of the controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Farshad
- Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zürich, Forchstrasse 340, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Quenette G, Radwanski K, Cope S, Standford C, Min K. Conservation des globules rouges en solution additive Erythro-Sol 5 dans des poches avec ou sans plastifiant DEHP. Transfus Clin Biol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2013.03.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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21
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Quenette G, Radwanski K, Min K, Payrat J, Cognasse F, Garraud O. La collecte de concentrés de globules rouges d’aphérèse représente une alternative au traitement du sang total dans des délais très courts tout en assurant une qualité optimale. Transfus Clin Biol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2013.03.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
Abstract
A flow visualization study of the blending of elastomers and the subsequent mixing of carbon black and oil in an internal mixer is described. The elastomers studied were natural rubber, cis-polybutadiene and a solution styrene-butadiene copolymer. Studies were made of addition to the mixer of mini bales of earch rubber pigmented with different colors and their subsequent homogenization. Subsequently we investigated the blending of bales of the different rubbers and determined the homogenication times. Similar investigations were made of the addition of carbon black and oil black homogenization times and oil absorption times were determine. These are correlated with the rheological properties of the elastomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Morikawa
- Polymer Engineering Center, University of Akron, Akron, U.S.A
- Present address: A. Morikawa. Japan Synthetic Rubber Company, Yokkaichi, Japan
| | - K. Min
- Polymer Engineering Center, University of Akron, Akron, U.S.A
| | - J. L. White
- Polymer Engineering Center, University of Akron, Akron, U.S.A
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Abstract
Abstract
The flow in a pin-barrel extruder has been analyzed based on a Newtonian fluid model. A numerical simulation based on the FAN method of Tadmor and his coworkers and an analytical model were used. The calculations show that the introduction of slices into screw flights and pins make the apparatus a much poorer screw pump. It would appear that the machine is though an effective continuous (distributive) mixing device.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Brzoskowski
- Polymer Engineering Center, University of Akron, Akron, USA
| | - J. L. White
- Polymer Engineering Center, University of Akron, Akron, USA
| | - W. Szydlowski
- Polymer Engineering Center, University of Akron, Akron, USA
| | - N. Nakajima
- Polymer Engineering Center, University of Akron, Akron, USA
| | - K. Min
- Polymer Engineering Center, University of Akron, Akron, USA
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Abstract
Abstract
Basic studies of flow visualization for elastomers and plastics in an internal mixer are described. A modified laboratory mixer with transparent front and trasverse windows was used to observe parallel and perpendicular motions. Shearing, stretching and tearing motions were observed especially for elastomers. Various rotor designs were used. These indicate different flow fields along the rotor axes, and the interchange of materials between rotors. We describe the different flow fields observed for elastomers and plastics creasted by various rotor designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Min
- Polymer Engineering Center, University of Akron, Akron. Ohio, U.S.A
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Abstract
Abstract
A mathematical model is developed for simulation of flow in an internal mixer with two counter rotating non-intermeshing rotors is presented. The model presumes rotors with a screw flight which is separated into two sections. The mixing chamber is taken to be fully filled and rotor curvature neglected in analogy to screw extruder analyses. Lubrication theory is used and the fluid presumed Newtonian. The flow patterns within the mixing chamber are computed. The conditions under which rotor designs lead to global circulation patterns within the mixing chamber and good distributive mixing are considered. We also investigated the extent of fluid motion over rotor tips which should lead to dispersive mixing.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. K. Kim
- Polymer Engineering Center, University of Akron, Akron, U.S.A
| | - J. L. White
- Polymer Engineering Center, University of Akron, Akron, U.S.A
| | - K. Min
- Polymer Engineering Center, University of Akron, Akron, U.S.A
| | - W. Szydlowski
- Polymer Engineering Center, University of Akron, Akron, U.S.A
- W. Szydlowski, BF Goodrich Company, Auon Lake, U.S.A
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Abstract
Abstract
A laboratory modular twin screw extruder with transverse and tangential apex windows for flow visualization is described. The machine is operated as a tengential twin screw extruder with right- and left-handed screw elements. Screw characteristic curves, Q-Δ p, were measured and compared for polyethylene in matched and staggered flight screw configurations with right-handed screw elements. Configurations with matched screw elements are better pumps. We have introduced left-handed screw elements into each screw configuration. This reduces the total pressure developed. Again matched screw element configurations are better pumps. Pressure profiles are measured along the length of the extruder. For right-handed screws, the pressure rises monotonically. Left-handed screw elements produce regions of decreasing pressure. Flow visualization investigations allow us to locate the position and follow the mechanism of the melting process. Using colored markers, we were able to see that in most (but not all cases) there was no inter-screw transfer of material.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Min
- Polymer Engineering Center, University of Akron, Akron, U.S.A
| | - M. H. Kim
- Polymer Engineering Center, University of Akron, Akron, U.S.A
| | - J. L. White
- Polymer Engineering Center, University of Akron, Akron, U.S.A
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Kumar B, Min K, Bashirzadeh M, Farimani AB, Bae MH, Estrada D, Kim YD, Yasaei P, Park YD, Pop E, Aluru NR, Salehi-Khojin A. The role of external defects in chemical sensing of graphene field-effect transistors. Nano Lett 2013; 13:1962-8. [PMID: 23586702 DOI: 10.1021/nl304734g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A fundamental understanding of chemical sensing mechanisms in graphene-based chemical field-effect transistors (chemFETs) is essential for the development of next generation chemical sensors. Here we explore the hidden sensing modalities responsible for tailoring the gas detection ability of pristine graphene sensors by exposing graphene chemFETs to electron donor and acceptor trace gas vapors. We uncover that the sensitivity (in terms of modulation in electrical conductivity) of pristine graphene chemFETs is not necessarily intrinsic to graphene, but rather it is facilitated by external defects in the insulating substrate, which can modulate the electronic properties of graphene. We disclose a mixing effect caused by partial overlap of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of adsorbed gas molecules to explain graphene's ability to detect adsorbed molecules. Our results open a new design space, suggesting that control of external defects in supporting substrates can lead to tunable graphene chemical sensors, which could be developed without compromising the intrinsic electrical and structural properties of graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kumar
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
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Wang D, Min K. Experiments and Analysis of Effect of Calender Gaps on Melting of PVC Powders in an Intermeshing Counter-rotating Twin-screw Extruder. INT POLYM PROC 2013. [DOI: 10.3139/217.0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Our ultrasound in-line monitoring studies revealed that dispersion or dissipation melting mechanism played a dominant role during melting of unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (uPVC) in an intermeshing counter-rotating twin-screw extruder. It is found that calendering effect between two screws contributes to the melting of PVC particles, and results in dispersion or dissipation melting. Thus, in this paper, a dispersed melting model in calender gaps is considered to predict polymer melting length in terms of numbers of calender gaps. Effects of screw geometries (channel depth, calender gap clearance) and processing conditions including screw speed and leakage flow on melting length are discussed for particle-filled fluid models. The calculated results are compared with experimental observations by both “screw pulling out” method and ultrasound in-line monitoring method. Ultrasound in-line monitoring provides a solution to overcome the time delay occurred in screw-pulling out method.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Wang
- Institute of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, U.S.A
| | - K. Min
- Institute of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, U.S.A
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Jang KM, Kim SH, Choi D, Lee SJ, Park MJ, Min K. Pathological correlation with diffusion restriction on diffusion-weighted imaging in patients with pathological complete response after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: preliminary results. Br J Radiol 2012; 85:e566-72. [PMID: 22422387 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/24557556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess causative pathological factors associated with diffusion restriction on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in patients who achieved pathological complete response (pCR) after treatment with neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (CRT) for locally advanced rectal cancer. METHODS In total, 43 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (≥T3 or lymph node positive) who underwent neoadjuvant CRT, subsequent surgery and ultimately achieved pCR were enrolled. All patients underwent pre- and post-CRT 3.0 T rectal MRI with DWI. Two radiologists blinded to pathological staging reviewed pre- and post-CRT 3.0 T rectal MRI for the presence of diffusion restriction in the corresponding tumour areas on post-CRT DWI, with a third radiologist arbitrating any disagreement. The consensus of these findings was then correlated with pathological data such as intramural mucin and the degree of proctitis and mural fibrosis seen on surgical specimen. Additionally, the pre-CRT tumour volume was measured to define the effect of this variable on the degree of radiation proctitis and fibrosis, as well as the presence of intramural mucin. RESULTS Diffusion restriction occurred in 18 subjects (41.9%), while 25 subjects remained diffusion restriction-free (58.1%). The diffusion restriction group tended to have more severe proctitis and mural fibrosis when compared with non-diffusion restriction group (p<0.001). Intramural mucin was also more common in the diffusion restriction group (p=0.052). Higher pre-CRT tumour volumes were significantly predictive of the degree of proctitis (p=0.0247) and fibrosis (p=0.0445), but not the presence of intramural mucin (p=0.0944). Proctitis and mural fibrosis severity were also identified as independent pathological risk factors for diffusion restriction on multivariate analysis (p=0.0073 and 0.0011, respectively). CONCLUSION Both radiation-induced proctitis and fibrosis were significant and independent predictors of diffusion restriction in patients achieving pCR after treatment with neoadjuvant CRT for locally advanced rectal cancer, and pre-CRT tumour volume significantly affects both variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Jang
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee H, Shim E, Jung J, Kang H, Park H, Kim S, Cho S, Chang S, Min K, Kim Y. Tranglutaminase 2 Gene Deficiency Results In Decrease Of Airway Resistance And Eosinophilic Inflammation In Murine Asthma Model. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.12.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lee H, Jeon E, Bang B, Shim E, Kwon J, Kim T, Jung J, Lee S, Kim K, Kim S, Kang H, Park H, Chang Y, Kim S, Cho S, Min K, Kim Y. TNF-α Contributes To The Development Of Asthma By Enhancing IL-23/Th17 And Th2 Immune Responses. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.12.414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kang M, Kim B, Kwon J, Kim T, Jung J, Lee S, Kim K, Kim S, Kang H, Park H, Chang Y, Kim S, Cho S, Min K, Kim Y. Clinical Characteristics of Kimura Disease in Korea. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.12.724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zhao H, Min K, Aluru NR. Size and chirality dependent elastic properties of graphene nanoribbons under uniaxial tension. Nano Lett 2009; 9:3012-3015. [PMID: 19719113 DOI: 10.1021/nl901448z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the mechanical strength and properties of graphene under uniaxial tensile test as a function of size and chirality using the orthogonal tight-binding method and molecular dynamics simulations with the AIREBO potential. Our results on Young's modulus, fracture strain, and fracture strength of bulk graphene are in reasonable agreement with the recently published experimental data. Our results indicate that fracture strain and fracture strength of bulk graphene under uniaxial tension can have a significant dependence on the chirality. Mechanical properties such as Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio can depend strongly on the size and chirality of the graphene nanoribbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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Abstract
CONCLUSION This study showed increased expression of p63 and survivin in cholesteatoma. Our finding indicates a putative role of p63 and survivin in the development of certain cholesteatomas. OBJECTIVES Keratinocytes in cholesteatoma demonstrate uncoordinated hyperproliferation, migration, and invasion properties. p63 is a p53 homologue and a marker expressed in replicating keratinocytes. Survivin is an inhibitor of apoptosis protein that is abundantly expressed in most solid and hematologic malignancies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differential expression of p63 and survivin in human middle ear cholesteatoma epithelium. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression levels of p63 and survivin protein were examined by immunohistochemical analysis of 40 cholesteatomas and 5 skin tissues obtained from patients during ear surgery. RESULTS Expression of p63 protein was diffusely observed in entire samples of cholesteatoma, especially in acquired cholesteatoma, compared with the control group. Congenital cholesteatoma showed variable p63 reactivity in a basal cell-like pattern. Primary and recurrent cholesteatomas showed no significant difference in p63 expression. Survivin was detected in 31 of 40 cholesteatoma samples. Acquired cholesteatomas showed especially increased survivin expression compared with congenital cases. The expression of p63 was correlated with survivin expression.
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Lee S, Lee H, Lee S, Kim S, Park H, Kim S, Cho S, Min K, Kim Y. Clinical Characteristics of Early- and Late-onset Elderly Asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.12.844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kim H, Kim Y, Cha J, Min K, Gee J, Kim C. Model-based evaluation of control strategies for phosphorus removal in a full-scale advanced phase isolation ditch process. Water Sci Technol 2009; 60:879-888. [PMID: 19700826 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2009.426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A model-based evaluation of operation conditions and control strategies was conducted for phosphorus removal in a full-scale Advanced Phase Isolation Ditch (APID) process. The APID process is an alternating type and does not have a separated anaerobic reactor. We suggested that it would be a suitable operational option for robust phosphorus removal by having a different input point for the influent and return sludge flow at specific modes. For evaluation of control strategies, three cases of influent disturbance were assumed, and five manipulated variables were selected for controlling the cases of disturbance. In the case of an increased influent flow rate, a combination of four manipulated variables is proposed through our simulation results as the best control strategy. The optimal k(L)a value was found to be 250/d when pollutants loading kept increasing without variations in the flow rate. When both the pollutants loading and the influent flow rates were increased simultaneously, the robust control strategy is to combine the return sludge inflow point, the exclusive operation modes which have a relatively long hydraulic retention time (HRT), operation period of 30 minutes, and the increase of the return sludge flow rate in proportion to the influent flow rate added to 300/d of k(L)a value.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea.
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Chikhladze NM, Samedova KF, Sudomoina MA, Min K, Koliadina IA, Litonova GN, Favorov AV, Chazova IE, Favorova OO. [Comparative genetic analysis of different forms of low-renin arterial hypertension]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2008; 42:588-98. [PMID: 18856058 DOI: 10.1134/s0026893308040158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
High level of clinical and genetic heterogeneity is a characteristic of arterial hypertension (AH) that is one of the most wide-spread cardiovascular diseases. In most cases (excluding a few monogenic forms), AH is a polygenic disease and genes of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system play an important role in AH predisposition. 20-25% AH cases occur during low activity of renin in blood plasma (low-renin form of AH) while aldosterone production can be increased (hyperaldosteronism, HA) or normal. We examined polymorphism of genes that code the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system components in the groups of low-renin forms of AH, namely, primary HA, idiopathic HA and AH with normal level of aldosterone. For all HA cases, the absence of chimeric CYP11B2/CYP11B1 gene that is a cause for monogenic disease--amilial HA of first type, was shown. A comparison of distributions of alleles and genotypes of polymorphous regions of genes: CYP11B2 (C-344T), REN (C-5434T, C-5312T and A BglI G), AGT (Thr174Met), ACE (I/D), CMA (G-1903A), AT2R1 (A1166C) and of their combinations is the groups described above was done. The analysis of carriership of the alleles and genotypes combinations of the polymorphous regions has shown that genes CYP11B2, REN, ACE, CMA andA T2R1 participate in development of low-renin HA. The results are evidence of similarities and some definite differences in genetic nature of the different forms of low-renin AH and, to say more widely, argue that the investigation of genetic predisposition for clinically heterogeneous forms of polygene diseases by comparison of groups of patients, separated in accordance with peculiarities of disease course, holds much promise for their hereditary background understanding.
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Lee S, Min K, Kim S, Kim S, Lee K, Kim EA, Kwon Y, Kang H, Ro J, Lee E. Effect of preoperative chemotherapy on the rate of breast conserving surgery in Korean patients with advanced breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.11599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Lower gastrointestinal effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are much more poorly characterized than upper gastrointestinal effects. AIM To determine if NSAIDs increase lower gastrointestinal adverse effects and if the risk with non-selective NSAIDs is greater than with cyclooxygenase-2-selective inhibitors (coxibs). METHODS Computerized databases were searched to identify studies of NSAID use reporting on lower gastrointestinal integrity (e.g. permeability), visualization (e.g. erosions, ulcers) and clinical events. RESULTS Designs in 47 studies were randomized (18), case-control (14), cohort (eight) and before-after (seven). Non-selective-NSAIDs had significantly more adverse effects vs. no NSAIDs in 20 of 22 lower gastrointestinal integrity studies, five of seven visualization studies, seven of 11 bleeding studies (OR: 1.9-18.4 in case-control studies), two of two perforation studies (OR: 2.5-8.1) and five of seven diverticular disease studies (OR: 1.5-11.2). Coxibs had significantly less effect vs. non-selective-NSAIDs in three of four integrity studies, one endoscopic study (RR mucosal breaks: 0.3), and two randomized studies (RR lower gastrointestinal clinical events: 0.5; haematochezia: 0.4). CONCLUSIONS An increase in lower gastrointestinal injury and clinical events with non-selective-NSAIDs appears relatively consistent across the heterogeneous collection of trials. Coxibs are associated with lower rates of lower gastrointestinal injury than non-selective-NSAIDs. More high-quality trials are warranted to more precisely estimate the effects of non-selective-NSAIDs and coxibs on the lower gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Laine
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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Lee J, Park H, Bahn J, Kim Y, Cho S, Min K, Kim Y, Jung K. Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells (PDC) and B Cells Are the Origin of IL-10 in Human PBMC Stimulated by Immunostimulatory Sequence Oligodeoxynucleotides (ISS-ODN). J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sohn S, Kwon H, Kim K, Park C, Kim H, Kim S, Park H, Park H, Jeong Y, Kim S, Jang Y, Kim Y, Cho S, Min K, Kim Y. Association between Genetic Variations in FGF receptors and Airway Hyperresponsiveness. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
Behcet's disease (BD) is a multisystemic, recurrent inflammatory disease caused by the combinations of multiple genetic and environmental factors. Moreover, the MBL2 gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes are known to increase the susceptibility to inflammatory disease and to alter the serum levels of mannose-binding lectin (MBL. We postulated that the haplotypes of the MBL2 gene influence therapeutic response in BD, thus affecting the clinical symptoms in 282 BD patients. The promoter region, MBL2-550*C/*C (L/L) homozygote was found to have a lower frequency in BD patients than that in controls. No difference was observed in the allele frequencies of G-221C (Y/X), C+4T (P/Q) or Gly54Asp (A/B) of the MBL2 gene in BD patients and in controls. The HYPA haplotype contributed to BD occurrence, whereas the LYPA haplotype was negatively associated with BD. BD patients with several symptoms and with an earlier disease-onset age had a higher HYPA haplotype frequency. BD patients showing poor response (S) to therapy had a higher HYPA frequency than those showing good response (M). It seems that possessing HYPA increases the risk of BD and that the MBL2 HYPA haplotype plays a role in MBL levels and increases the susceptibility to BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Park
- Department of Biology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Kim S, Park H, Kwon Y, Chung Y, Kim T, Park H, Oh S, Bahn J, Lee J, Oh H, Shin E, Lee J, Chang Y, Kim Y, Cho S, Min K, Kim Y. Association between haplotypes of genetic polymorphisms of IL-13 and GM-CSF and atopy, airway hyperresponsiveness, and atopic asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2004.12.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
The role of steroid hormones in regulating vaginal smooth muscle contractility was investigated. Rabbits were kept intact or ovariectomized. After 2 weeks, animals were continuously infused with vehicle or supraphysiological levels of testosterone (100 microg/day), or estradiol (200 microg/day), for an additional 2 weeks. The distal vaginal tissue was used to assess contractility in organ baths and changes in tissue structure were assessed by histology. Ovariectomized animals infused with vehicle exhibited significant atrophy of the muscularis and decreased epithelial height, resulting in thinning of the vaginal wall. Estradiol infusion increased epithelial height, comparable to that of intact animals, but only partially restored the muscularis layer. In contrast, testosterone infusion completely restored the muscularis layer, but only partially restored the epithelial height. In vaginal tissue strips contracted with norepinephrine and treated with bretylium, electrical field stimulation (EFS) caused frequency-dependent relaxation that was slightly attenuated with vehicle, significantly inhibited with estradiol and significantly enhanced with testosterone. VIP-induced relaxation was slightly attenuated in tissues from vehicle and estradiol-infused groups, but was enhanced in tissues from testosterone-infused animals. Contraction elicited by EFS or exogenous norepinephrine was not significantly altered with ovariectomy or steroid hormone infusion when data were normalized to potassium contraction. However, the tissue from testosterone-infused animals developed significantly greater contractile force to norepinephrine. These observations suggest that steroid hormones may be important regulators of vaginal tissue structure and contractility.
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Affiliation(s)
- N N Kim
- Department of Urology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
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Traish AM, Kim NN, Huang YH, Min K, Munarriz R, Goldstein I. Sex steroid hormones differentially regulate nitric oxide synthase and arginase activities in the proximal and distal rabbit vagina. Int J Impot Res 2003; 15:397-404. [PMID: 14671657 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijir.3901097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and arginase have been shown to regulate nitric oxide (NO) production reciprocally in genital tissues. In animal models, NO is an important regulator of vaginal blood flow and vaginal wall contractility. In this study, we investigated the modulation of NOS and arginase activities by estrogens and androgens in the proximal and distal rabbit vagina. In intact control animals, total NOS activity was higher in the proximal (528+/-78 pmol/mg protein) than the distal (391+/-44 pmol/mg protein) vagina. However, arginase activity was higher in the distal (206+/-8 nmol/mg protein) than the proximal (64+/-5 nmol/mg protein) vagina. Ovariectomy enhanced NOS activity in the proximal but not distal vagina with concomitant decrease in arginase activity in both the proximal and distal vagina. In ovariectomized rabbits, replacement with 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) or Delta5-androstenediol (Adiol) increased NOS activity beyond that observed in ovariectomized rabbits receiving vehicle. In contrast, DHT and Adiol treatment reduced arginase activity more than that of the ovariectomized rabbits receiving vehicle. Testosterone exhibited inconsistent effects on NOS and arginase activity in the distal and proximal vagina. Estradiol replacement in ovariectomized animals reduced NOS activity in the proximal vagina down to levels that were comparable to intact control animals. However, estradiol positively modulated arginase activity in the distal vagina. Western blot analyses indicated that in the proximal vagina, neural NOS protein levels paralleled the changes observed in enzyme activity. These observations suggest that steroid hormones differentially regulate NOS and arginase activities of the proximal and distal regions of the vagina. Although estrogen treatment reduced total NOS activity in proximal vagina, estrogens are known to enhance vaginal blood flow. This paradoxical observation may be explained by differential regulation of n-NOS and e-NOS in the proximal and distal vagina. We suggest that changes in vaginal blood flow and compliance may depend on the endocrine status and the levels of circulating androgens and estrogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Traish
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The reproducibility and clinical reliability of perioperative somatosensory-evoked potentials (SSEP) were prospectively evaluated in uneventful scoliosis surgery. The influence of anesthesia owing to induction of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) upon preoperative SSEP and the variability of intraoperative SSEP were calculated. The potential effect of spine surgery was assessed by comparing pre- to postoperative SSEP. METHODS A total of 2,143 pre-, intra- and postoperative tibial and median SSEP recorded in 25 patients undergoing spine surgery owing to idiopathic scoliosis were analyzed. The anesthesia protocol consisted of a computerized target controlled infusion (TCI) device for propofol and intravenous application of an opioid. RESULTS Anesthesia induced a significant and comparable prolongation of the tibial SSEP onset, P40 and P60 latencies, while the N50 latency was less changed. Throughout anesthesia, latencies of median (onset, N20, P25 and N35) and tibial (onset, P40, N50 and P60) SSEP showed mean variations of less than 6%. The intraoperative SSEP amplitudes were less stable with a relative standard deviation of 30-40%. In uneventful spine surgery, the postoperative tibial SSEP were not significantly changed in comparison to preoperative recordings. CONCLUSIONS By using a standardized anesthesia protocol, the impact of anesthesia on preoperative SSEP can be predicted. Furthermore, the controlled application of sedatives and analgesics allows recording of stable SSEP parameters for intraoperative monitoring purposes. As in uneventful spine surgery pre- to postoperative SSEP are unchanged the latter comparison can be applied as an additional perioperative neuromonitoring procedure to assess the influence of spine surgery or other invasive interventions on spinal cord function.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Strahm
- ParaCare Balgrist, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zürich, Switzerland
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Chang Y, Kim T, Kang H, Kim S, Bahn J, Kim Y, Min K, Cho S, Chang Y. 3′ hexameric deoxyguanosine run (dG6 run) enhances immunogenecity of phosphodiester CpG-ODN without increasing the risk of splenomegaly in murine model of asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0091-6749(03)80233-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lew R, Moskowitz JM, Wismer BA, Min K, Kang SH, Chen AM, Tager IB. Correlates of cigarette smoking among Korean American adults in Alameda County, California. Asian Am Pac Isl J Health 2002; 9:49-60. [PMID: 11720414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of cigarette smoking and to determine the sociodemographic correlates of smoking among Korean American adults in Alameda County, California, 1994-1995. METHOD Korean surname-based telephone survey; contingency table and multinomial logistic regression analyses. FINDINGS Almost 39% of Korean American men and 6% of Korean American women were current smokers. Among Korean American men those who attended religious activities less than monthly had nearly three times the odds of being current smokers, and those who did not speak English well had 2 1/2 times the odds of being current smokers as compared to never smokers. Those 18 to 24 years of age had more than 8 1/2 times the odds, and those who attended religious activities less than monthly had more than 3 1/2 times the odds of being current smokers as compared to former smokers. Among Korean American women those who were not married had more than 3 times the odds of being current smokers, and those who attended religious activities less than monthly had 22 times the odds of being current smokers as compared to never smokers. Those who attended religious activities less than monthly had almost 8 times the odds of being current smokers as compared to former smokers. CONCLUSIONS This study increases our understanding about the prevalence and correlates of cigarette smoking among Korean Americans and can contribute to the development of effective smoking cessation and prevention strategies in this understudied population.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lew
- Association of Asian Pacific Community Health Organizations, Oakland, CA, USA
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