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Smarra C, Goncharov B, Barausse E, Antoniadis J, Babak S, Nielsen ASB, Bassa CG, Berthereau A, Bonetti M, Bortolas E, Brook PR, Burgay M, Caballero RN, Chalumeau A, Champion DJ, Chanlaridis S, Chen S, Cognard I, Desvignes G, Falxa M, Ferdman RD, Franchini A, Gair JR, Graikou E, Grießmeier JM, Guillemot L, Guo YJ, Hu H, Iraci F, Izquierdo-Villalba D, Jang J, Jawor J, Janssen GH, Jessner A, Karuppusamy R, Keane EF, Keith MJ, Kramer M, Krishnakumar MA, Lackeos K, Lee KJ, Liu K, Liu Y, Lyne AG, McKee JW, Main RA, Mickaliger MB, Niţu IC, Parthasarathy A, Perera BBP, Perrodin D, Petiteau A, Porayko NK, Possenti A, Leclere HQ, Samajdar A, Sanidas SA, Sesana A, Shaifullah G, Speri L, Spiewak R, Stappers BW, Susarla SC, Theureau G, Tiburzi C, van der Wateren E, Vecchio A, Krishnan VV, Wang J, Wang L, Wu Z. Second Data Release from the European Pulsar Timing Array: Challenging the Ultralight Dark Matter Paradigm. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:171001. [PMID: 37955508 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.171001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Pulsar Timing Array experiments probe the presence of possible scalar or pseudoscalar ultralight dark matter particles through decade-long timing of an ensemble of galactic millisecond radio pulsars. With the second data release of the European Pulsar Timing Array, we focus on the most robust scenario, in which dark matter interacts only gravitationally with ordinary baryonic matter. Our results show that ultralight particles with masses 10^{-24.0} eV≲m≲10^{-23.3} eV cannot constitute 100% of the measured local dark matter density, but can have at most local density ρ≲0.3 GeV/cm^{3}.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemente Smarra
- SISSA-International School for Advanced Studies, Via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy and INFN, Sezione di Trieste
- IFPU-Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe, Via Beirut 2, 34014 Trieste, Italy
| | - Boris Goncharov
- Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI), I-67100 L'Aquila, Italy
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi, Italy
| | - Enrico Barausse
- SISSA-International School for Advanced Studies, Via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy and INFN, Sezione di Trieste
- IFPU-Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe, Via Beirut 2, 34014 Trieste, Italy
| | - J Antoniadis
- Institute of Astrophysics, FORTH, Nikolaou Plastira 100, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - S Babak
- Université Paris Cité CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, 75013 Paris, France
| | - A-S Bak Nielsen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, Postfach 100131, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - C G Bassa
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, 7991 PD, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
| | - A Berthereau
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace, Université d'Orléans/CNRS, 45071 Orléans Cedex 02, France
- Observatoire Radioastronomique de Nançay, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Université d'Orléans, CNRS, 18330 Nançay, France
| | - M Bonetti
- Dipartimento di Fisica "G. Occhialini", Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, via Brera 20, I-20121 Milano, Italy
| | - E Bortolas
- Dipartimento di Fisica "G. Occhialini", Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, via Brera 20, I-20121 Milano, Italy
| | - P R Brook
- Institute for Gravitational Wave Astronomy and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - M Burgay
- INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, via della Scienza 5, 09047 Selargius (CA), Italy
| | - R N Caballero
- Hellenic Open University, School of Science and Technology, 26335 Patras, Greece
| | - A Chalumeau
- Dipartimento di Fisica "G. Occhialini", Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - D J Champion
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - S Chanlaridis
- Institute of Astrophysics, FORTH, Nikolaou Plastira 100, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
| | - S Chen
- Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - I Cognard
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace, Université d'Orléans/CNRS, 45071 Orléans Cedex 02, France
- Observatoire Radioastronomique de Nançay, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Université d'Orléans, CNRS, 18330 Nançay, France
| | - G Desvignes
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - M Falxa
- Université Paris Cité CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, 75013 Paris, France
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace, Université d'Orléans/CNRS, 45071 Orléans Cedex 02, France
| | - R D Ferdman
- School of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - A Franchini
- Dipartimento di Fisica "G. Occhialini", Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - J R Gair
- Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), Am Muühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - E Graikou
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - J-M Grießmeier
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace, Université d'Orléans/CNRS, 45071 Orléans Cedex 02, France
- Observatoire Radioastronomique de Nançay, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Université d'Orléans, CNRS, 18330 Nançay, France
| | - L Guillemot
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace, Université d'Orléans/CNRS, 45071 Orléans Cedex 02, France
- Observatoire Radioastronomique de Nançay, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Université d'Orléans, CNRS, 18330 Nançay, France
| | - Y J Guo
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - H Hu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - F Iraci
- INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, via della Scienza 5, 09047 Selargius (CA), Italy
- Universitá di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Fisica, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu Km 0,700-09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - D Izquierdo-Villalba
- Dipartimento di Fisica "G. Occhialini", Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - J Jang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - J Jawor
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - G H Janssen
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, 7991 PD, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A Jessner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - R Karuppusamy
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - E F Keane
- School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - M J Keith
- Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - M Kramer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - M A Krishnakumar
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, Postfach 100131, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - K Lackeos
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - K J Lee
- Institute of Astrophysics, FORTH, Nikolaou Plastira 100, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- Observatoire Radioastronomique de Nançay, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Université d'Orléans, CNRS, 18330 Nançay, France
| | - K Liu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Y Liu
- Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, Postfach 100131, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - A G Lyne
- Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - J W McKee
- E.A. Milne Centre for Astrophysics, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Kingston-upon-Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
- Centre of Excellence for Data Science, Artificial Intelligence and Modelling (DAIM), University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Kingston-upon-Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - R A Main
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - M B Mickaliger
- Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - I C Niţu
- Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - A Parthasarathy
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - B B P Perera
- Arecibo Observatory, HC3 Box 53995, Arecibo, Puerto Rico 00612
| | - D Perrodin
- INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, via della Scienza 5, 09047 Selargius (CA), Italy
| | - A Petiteau
- Université Paris Cité CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, 75013 Paris, France
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - N K Porayko
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- Dipartimento di Fisica "G. Occhialini", Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - A Possenti
- INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, via della Scienza 5, 09047 Selargius (CA), Italy
| | | | - A Samajdar
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Haus 28, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24/25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - S A Sanidas
- Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - A Sesana
- Dipartimento di Fisica "G. Occhialini", Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, via Brera 20, I-20121 Milano, Italy
| | - G Shaifullah
- Dipartimento di Fisica "G. Occhialini", Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, via della Scienza 5, 09047 Selargius (CA), Italy
| | - L Speri
- Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), Am Muühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - R Spiewak
- Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - B W Stappers
- Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - S C Susarla
- Ollscoil na Gaillimhe-University of Galway, University Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - G Theureau
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace, Université d'Orléans/CNRS, 45071 Orléans Cedex 02, France
- Observatoire Radioastronomique de Nançay, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Université d'Orléans, CNRS, 18330 Nançay, France
- Laboratoire Univers et Théories LUTh, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Université de Paris, 92190 Meudon, France
| | - C Tiburzi
- INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, via della Scienza 5, 09047 Selargius (CA), Italy
| | - E van der Wateren
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, 7991 PD, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
- Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A Vecchio
- Institute for Gravitational Wave Astronomy and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | | | - J Wang
- Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, Postfach 100131, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Astronomical Institute (AIRUB), 44780 Bochum, Germany
- Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - L Wang
- Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Z Wu
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
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Lee KJ, Chkheidze R, Alrefai H, Margaroli C, Gaggar A, Nguyen T, Anderson JC, Bash R, Miller CR, Willey CD. Spatially Resolved Whole Transcriptome Analysis of Histologically-Characterized Tissue Microarray of Patient-Matched Primary and Recurrent Glioblastomas to Identify Underlying Mechanisms of Treatment Resistance. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e127. [PMID: 37784683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a lethal CNS malignancy. Radiation therapy increases overall survival, but tumors often recur in high-radiation dose regions. Additionally, recent investigations have underscored the importance of intra-tumoral heterogeneity as a driver of GBM biology. The purpose of this investigation is to characterize transcriptome differences in primary and recurrent GBM patient clinical samples using a digital spatial profiling approach to better appreciate treatment resistance mechanisms. MATERIALS/METHODS To address the lack of understanding of molecular mechanisms of resistance in GBM, patient-matched primary and recurrent GBM pathological specimens were identified within the brain tissue biorepository and tissue cores were selected for generation of a tissue microarray (TMA). Hematoxylin and eosin staining with histomorphological (cellular tumor, pseudopalisading necrosis, invasive edge, and perivascular inflammation) scoring were performed in a blinded fashion for every core. This array was then molecularly characterized using digital spatial profiling of the transcriptome. Quality assurance including filtering of lowly expressed genes followed by downstream analyses of the data were performed using the manufacturer's recommended methods within their Bioconductor library. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was then performed on the ranked gene lists. RESULTS After recommended filtering, 6171 genes and 248 regions of interest remained for downstream analysis representing 22 unique patients across four different tumor histomorphological types. Significance testing revealed 679 genes that were differentially expressed between primary and recurrent tumor samples (at FDR<1%). On GSEA analysis, the chromosomal positional locus that contains genes most strongly up-regulated is 12q14, a locus that was previously identified as genomically amplified in multiple patient-derived xenograft lines after radiation selection. Additionally, recurrent tumors display a transcriptional profile more similar to the mesenchymal subtype, whereas primary tumors have a more classical transcriptional phenotype. The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition pathway is particularly strongly up-regulated in recurrent tumors. CONCLUSION Recurrent selection at previously identified genomic loci and molecular pathways underscores a possible conserved set of pathways for treatment resistance. This analysis has yielded a set of gene and molecular pathways that will guide future work in our lab targeting treatment resistance using novel therapeutics and radiation techniques in GBM. Future directions include assessing the feasibility of mapping these clinical samples onto our previously generated panel of comprehensively characterized patient-derived xenograft lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Lee
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | | | | | | | - T Nguyen
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - J C Anderson
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - R Bash
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | - C D Willey
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Department of Radiation Oncology, Birmingham, AL
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Lee SA, Park SJ, Seo H, Kim C, Lee KJ. Complete chloroplast genome sequence of the liverwort, Porella grandiloba Lindb. (Porellaceae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2023; 8:695-698. [PMID: 37389153 PMCID: PMC10304436 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2023.2225655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Porella grandiloba Lindb. is a liverwort species of Porellaceae, primarily distributed in East Asia. Here, we determined the complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence of P. grandiloba. The complete cp genome was 121,433 bp in length with a typical quadripartite structure consisting of a large single-copy region (83,039 bp), a small single-copy region (19,586 bp), and two copies of inverted repeat regions (9,404 bp, each). Genome annotation predicted 131 genes, including 84 protein-coding, 36 tRNA, and eight rRNA genes. The maximum likelihood tree indicated that P. grandiloba was sister to P. perrottetiana, which species formed a clade with Radula japonica (Radulaceae).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Ae Lee
- Division of Genetic Resources, Island and Coast Biology Research Office, Honam National Institute of Biological Resources, Mokpo-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Jin Park
- Division of Botany, Island and Coast Biology Research Office, Honam National Institute of Biological Resources, Mokpo-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemin Seo
- Division of Genetic Resources, Island and Coast Biology Research Office, Honam National Institute of Biological Resources, Mokpo-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Changkyun Kim
- Division of Botany, Island and Coast Biology Research Office, Honam National Institute of Biological Resources, Mokpo-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Jun Lee
- Division of Genetic Resources, Island and Coast Biology Research Office, Honam National Institute of Biological Resources, Mokpo-si, Republic of Korea
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Choi SH, Park SD, Lee MJ, Lee KJ. Comparison of trans-radial access and femoral access in cardiogenic shock patient who had undergone primary percutaneous coronary intervention from SMART RESCUE trial. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Throughout the years of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), the debate regarding access route, whether it being trasns-radial or femoral, is an ongoing agenda yet to be solved. Recent guidelines suggest trans-radial approach as an option to be considered in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, data on cardiogenic shock patients undergoing PCI is relatively sparse.
Purpose
Compare the clinical implication of trans-radial and femoral approach in cardiogenic shock patients who had undergone PCI.
Method
Cardiogenic shock patients who had undergone PCI from January 2014 to December of 2018 were enrolled. Patients were divided according to their access route respectfully. Primary outcome was composite endpoints including all-cause death, re-admission due to heart failure, myocardial infarction (MI) and cerebrovascular accident.
Result
A total of 694 (572 via femoral approach, 122 via radial approach) cardiogenic shock patients who received PCI were enrolled. Mean age femoral and radial groups was 66.59±12.51 and 66.66±12.8 respectfully. Disease severity was higher for femoral patients compared to radial patients as represented by their LM involvement, mechanical organ support (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, continuous renal replacement therapy, mechanical ventilation), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and vasoactive inotropic score. Cox regression analysis after adjusting for conventional risk factors showed that femoral route was a poor prognosticator with respect to composite endpoints (HR=2.059, 95% CI 1.249–3.397, p value = 0.005). Radial approach patients had higher survival probability compared to femoral approach patients (Figure 1).
Conclusion
Radial approach in cardiogenic shock patients who are in need for PCI with relatively less severe clinical condition could be a reasonable option for access route.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Private hospital(s). Main funding source(s): Inha University Hospital
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Choi
- Inha University Hospital, Cardiology , Incheon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S D Park
- Inha University Hospital, Cardiology , Incheon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - M J Lee
- Inha University Hospital, Critical Care Medicine , Incheon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - K J Lee
- Inha University Hospital, Cardiology , Incheon , Korea (Republic of)
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Choi IY, Ju HJ, Lee KJ, Shin HD. First Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by Podosphaera xanthii on Salvia farinacea in Korea. Plant Dis 2022; 106:1068. [PMID: 34402635 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-21-1427-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I Y Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
- Department of Agricultural Convergence Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - H J Ju
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
- Department of Agricultural Convergence Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - K J Lee
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
| | - H D Shin
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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Morissette P, Li N, Ballard JE, Vavrek M, Adams GL, Regan C, Regan H, Lee KJ, Wang W, Burton A, Chen F, Gerenser P, Li Y, Kraus RL, Tellers D, Palani A, Zhu Y, Sun C, Bianchi E, Colarusso S, De Simone D, Frattarelli T, Pasquini NM, Amin RP. Guiding Chemically Synthesized Peptide Drug Lead Optimization by Derisking Mast Cell Degranulation-Related Toxicities of a NaV1.7 Peptide Inhibitor. Toxicol Sci 2021; 185:170-183. [PMID: 34897513 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that some peptides and small molecules can induce non IgE-mediated anaphylactoid reactions through mast cell activation. Upon activation, mast cells degranulate and release vasoactive and proinflammatory mediators, from cytoplasmic granules into the extracellular environment which can induce a cascade of severe adverse reactions. This study describes a lead optimization strategy to select NaV1.7 inhibitor peptides that minimize acute mast cell degranulation (MCD) toxicities. Various in vitro, in vivo, and PKPD models were used to screen candidates and guide peptide chemical modifications to mitigate this risk. Anesthetized rats dosed with peptides demonstrated treatment-related decreases in blood pressure and increases in plasma histamine concentrations which were reversible with a mast cell stabilizer, supporting the MCD mechanism. In vitro testing in rat mast cells with NaV1.7 peptides demonstrated a concentration-dependent increase in histamine. Pharmacodynamic modeling facilitated establishing an in vitro to in vivo correlation for histamine as a biomarker for blood pressure decline via the MCD mechanism. These models enabled assessment of structure-activity relationship (SAR) to identify substructures that contribute to peptide-mediated MCD. Peptides with hydrophobic and cationic characteristics were determined to have an elevated risk for MCD, which could be reduced or avoided by incorporating anionic residues into the protoxin II scaffold. Our analyses support that in vitro MCD assessment in combination with PKPD modeling can guide SAR to improve peptide lead optimization and ensure an acceptable early in vivo tolerability profile with reduced resources, cycle time, and animal use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Morissette
- Nonclinical Drug Safety (NDS), Merck & Co., Inc, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA
| | - Nianyu Li
- Nonclinical Drug Safety (NDS), Merck & Co., Inc, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA
| | - Jeanine E Ballard
- Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism (PPDM), Merck & Co., Inc, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA
| | - Marissa Vavrek
- Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism (PPDM), Merck & Co., Inc, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA
| | - Gregory L Adams
- Discovery Chemistry Peptide, Merck & Co., Inc, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA
| | - Chris Regan
- Nonclinical Drug Safety (NDS), Merck & Co., Inc, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA
| | - Hillary Regan
- Nonclinical Drug Safety (NDS), Merck & Co., Inc, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA
| | - K J Lee
- Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism (PPDM), Merck & Co., Inc, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA
| | - Weixun Wang
- Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism (PPDM), Merck & Co., Inc, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA
| | - Aimee Burton
- Nonclinical Drug Safety (NDS), Merck & Co., Inc, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA
| | - Feifei Chen
- Nonclinical Drug Safety (NDS), Merck & Co., Inc, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA
| | - Pamela Gerenser
- Nonclinical Drug Safety (NDS), Merck & Co., Inc, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA
| | - Yuxing Li
- Nonclinical Drug Safety (NDS), Merck & Co., Inc, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA
| | - Richard L Kraus
- Nonclinical Drug Safety (NDS), Merck & Co., Inc, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA
| | - David Tellers
- Discovery Chemistry Peptide, Merck & Co., Inc, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA
| | - Anand Palani
- Discovery Chemistry Peptide, Merck & Co., Inc, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA
| | - Yuping Zhu
- Discovery Chemistry Peptide, Merck & Co., Inc, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA
| | - Chengzao Sun
- Discovery Chemistry Peptide, Merck & Co., Inc, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA
| | - Elisabetta Bianchi
- Peptides and Small Molecules R&D Department, IRBM Spa , Pomezia, Rome 00071, Italy
| | - Stefania Colarusso
- Peptides and Small Molecules R&D Department, IRBM Spa , Pomezia, Rome 00071, Italy
| | - Daniele De Simone
- Peptides and Small Molecules R&D Department, IRBM Spa , Pomezia, Rome 00071, Italy
| | - Tommaso Frattarelli
- Peptides and Small Molecules R&D Department, IRBM Spa , Pomezia, Rome 00071, Italy
| | | | - Rupesh P Amin
- Nonclinical Drug Safety (NDS), Merck & Co., Inc, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA
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7
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Leung LC, Lee KJ, Jin A. Organizing a Successful Practice and Considering Tax and Estate Planning. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2021; 55:161-170. [PMID: 34538635 DOI: 10.1016/j.otc.2021.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
To care for your family and to do "good" for your alma mater, religious organization, and the other charities you love, you need to do "well," which is to build a successful practice. To achieve a successful practice, following the principles of the dozen A's is helpful: Ability, Availability, Amicability, Approachable, Attuned, Aware, Attentive to patients, Attentive to others, Attentive to details, Apology (ability to apologize and accept apology gracefully), Assimilate, Affordable. Another way to put it is "skills to treat, heart to care at a sensible price."
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawton C Leung
- Withers Bergman LLP, Private Client and Tax Team, 157 Church Street, 12th Floor, New Haven, CT 06510-2100, USA
| | - K J Lee
- Hofstra University Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine; Quinnipiac University Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine; Yale University School of Medicine; HaloMedia Group.
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8
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Hyun DY, Sebastin R, Lee GA, Lee KJ, Kim SH, Yoo E, Lee S, Kang MJ, Lee SB, Jang I, Ro NY, Cho GT. Genome-Wide SNP Markers for Genotypic and Phenotypic Differentiation of Melon ( Cucumis melo L.) Varieties Using Genotyping-by-Sequencing. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136722. [PMID: 34201603 PMCID: PMC8268568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is an economically important horticultural crop with abundant morphological and genetic variability. Complex genetic variations exist even among melon varieties and remain unclear to date. Therefore, unraveling the genetic variability among the three different melon varieties, muskmelon (C. melo subsp. melo), makuwa (C. melo L. var. makuwa), and cantaloupes (C. melo subsp. melo var. cantalupensis), could provide a basis for evolutionary research. In this study, we attempted a systematic approach with genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS)-derived single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to reveal the genetic structure and diversity, haplotype differences, and marker-based varieties differentiation. A total of 6406 GBS-derived SNPs were selected for the diversity analysis, in which the muskmelon varieties showed higher heterozygote SNPs. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay varied significantly among the three melon varieties, in which more rapid LD decay was observed in muskmelon (r2 = 0.25) varieties. The Bayesian phylogenetic tree provided the intraspecific relationships among the three melon varieties that formed, as expected, individual clusters exhibiting the greatest genetic distance based on the posterior probability. The haplotype analysis also supported the phylogeny result by generating three major networks for 48 haplotypes. Further investigation for varieties discrimination allowed us to detect a total of 52 SNP markers that discriminated muskmelon from makuwa varieties, of which two SNPs were converted into cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence markers for practical use. In addition to these markers, the genome-wide association study identified two SNPs located in the genes on chromosome 6, which were significantly associated with the phenotypic traits of melon seed. This study demonstrated that a systematic approach using GBS-derived SNPs could serve to efficiently classify and manage the melon varieties in the genebank.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Yoon Hyun
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Korea; (R.S.); (G.-A.L.); (K.J.L.); (S.-H.K.); (E.Y.); (S.L.); (M.-J.K.); (S.B.L.); (I.J.); (N.-Y.R.); (G.-T.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Raveendar Sebastin
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Korea; (R.S.); (G.-A.L.); (K.J.L.); (S.-H.K.); (E.Y.); (S.L.); (M.-J.K.); (S.B.L.); (I.J.); (N.-Y.R.); (G.-T.C.)
| | - Gi-An Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Korea; (R.S.); (G.-A.L.); (K.J.L.); (S.-H.K.); (E.Y.); (S.L.); (M.-J.K.); (S.B.L.); (I.J.); (N.-Y.R.); (G.-T.C.)
| | - Kyung Jun Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Korea; (R.S.); (G.-A.L.); (K.J.L.); (S.-H.K.); (E.Y.); (S.L.); (M.-J.K.); (S.B.L.); (I.J.); (N.-Y.R.); (G.-T.C.)
- Honam National Institute of Biological Resources, Mokpo-si 58762, Korea
| | - Seong-Hoon Kim
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Korea; (R.S.); (G.-A.L.); (K.J.L.); (S.-H.K.); (E.Y.); (S.L.); (M.-J.K.); (S.B.L.); (I.J.); (N.-Y.R.); (G.-T.C.)
| | - Eunae Yoo
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Korea; (R.S.); (G.-A.L.); (K.J.L.); (S.-H.K.); (E.Y.); (S.L.); (M.-J.K.); (S.B.L.); (I.J.); (N.-Y.R.); (G.-T.C.)
| | - Sookyeong Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Korea; (R.S.); (G.-A.L.); (K.J.L.); (S.-H.K.); (E.Y.); (S.L.); (M.-J.K.); (S.B.L.); (I.J.); (N.-Y.R.); (G.-T.C.)
| | - Man-Jung Kang
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Korea; (R.S.); (G.-A.L.); (K.J.L.); (S.-H.K.); (E.Y.); (S.L.); (M.-J.K.); (S.B.L.); (I.J.); (N.-Y.R.); (G.-T.C.)
| | - Seung Bum Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Korea; (R.S.); (G.-A.L.); (K.J.L.); (S.-H.K.); (E.Y.); (S.L.); (M.-J.K.); (S.B.L.); (I.J.); (N.-Y.R.); (G.-T.C.)
| | - Ik Jang
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Korea; (R.S.); (G.-A.L.); (K.J.L.); (S.-H.K.); (E.Y.); (S.L.); (M.-J.K.); (S.B.L.); (I.J.); (N.-Y.R.); (G.-T.C.)
| | - Na-Young Ro
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Korea; (R.S.); (G.-A.L.); (K.J.L.); (S.-H.K.); (E.Y.); (S.L.); (M.-J.K.); (S.B.L.); (I.J.); (N.-Y.R.); (G.-T.C.)
| | - Gyu-Taek Cho
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54874, Korea; (R.S.); (G.-A.L.); (K.J.L.); (S.-H.K.); (E.Y.); (S.L.); (M.-J.K.); (S.B.L.); (I.J.); (N.-Y.R.); (G.-T.C.)
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Lee
- American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery
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10
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Ko YH, Lee KJ, Das S, Gupta N, Magnusson R. Micro-electromechanical-system-tuned resonant filters spanning the 8-12 µm band. Opt Lett 2021; 46:1329-1332. [PMID: 33720179 DOI: 10.1364/ol.418545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The spectral band covering ∼8-12µm is atmospherically transparent and therefore important for terrestrial imaging, day/night situational awareness systems, and spectroscopic applications. There is a dearth of tunable filters spanning the band. Here, we propose and demonstrate a new, to the best of our knowledge, tunable-filter method engaging the fundamental physics of the guided-mode resonance (GMR) effect realized with a non-periodic lattice. The polarization-dependent filter is fashioned with a one-dimensional Ge grating on a ZnSe substrate and interrogated with a ∼1.5mm Gaussian beam to show clear transmittance nulls. To expand the tuning range, the device parameters are optimized for sequential operation in TM and TE polarization states. The theoretical model exhibits a tunable range exceeding 4 µm, thus covering the band fully. In the experiment, a prototype device exhibits a spectral range of 8.6-10.0 µm in TM and 9.9-11.7 µm in TE polarization or >3µm total. With additional efforts in fabrication, we expect to achieve the full range.
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11
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Han S, Sebastin R, Wang X, Lee KJ, Cho GT, Hyun DY, Chung JW. Identification of Vicia Species Native to South Korea Using Molecular and Morphological Characteristics. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:608559. [PMID: 33633762 PMCID: PMC7900155 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.608559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Recently, within the Fabaceae family, the Vicia genus has been recognized for its vital role in sustainable agriculture. Vicia species are economically important grain and forage crops. However, the presence of complex morphological characteristics makes identification and recognition of native species difficult. In this study, the possibility of using DNA barcoding regions (ITS2, matK, and rbcL) to distinguish among 19 Vicia taxa (59 accessions) found in South Korea was evaluated. The sequence alignment analysis revealed considerable nucleotide diversity (π) between the loci, in which ITS2 showed the highest mean interspecific distance, whereas there was no intraspecific variability among the barcode regions in 12 of the 19 taxa. Phylogenetic analysis of combined barcoding regions revealed well-resolved phylogeny with the highest species level discrimination. Combinations of barcode loci were also used in classification at the subgenera and section levels. The results revealed that the combined barcoding regions can be used effectively to differentiate the following species: Vicia angustifolia var. segetilis, Vicia bungei, Vicia villosa, Vicia cracca, Vicia dasycarpa, Vicia hirsuta, Vicia tetrasperma, Vicia amurensis, Vicia hirticalycina, and Vicia chosenensis. However, it is difficult to differentiate the species of Vicia unijuga, Vicia unijuga var. kaussanensis, Vicia linearifolia, Vicia unijuga f. angustifolia, Vicia nipponica, Vicia amoena, Vicia venosa var. cuspidata, Vicia pseudo-orobus, and Vicia japonica with the tested barcode regions. These species come under sect. Vicilla and are found to be closely related or species that have recently undergone speciation; thus, it has limitation to distinguish with recommended barcodes. Hence, to differentiate the unclassified species, 39 morphological characteristics were investigated, in which 16 useful characteristics were selected for efficient classification. Finally, the 16 selected morphological useful traits efficiently differentiated all the Vicia species. In conclusion, a combination of barcoding loci together with morphological characteristics of this study efficiently discriminated all the Korean Vicia species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seahee Han
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Raveendar Sebastin
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - XiaoHan Wang
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Kyung Jun Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Gyu-Taek Cho
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Do Yoon Hyun
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Jong-Wook Chung
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
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12
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Lin L, Zhang CF, Wang P, Gao H, Guan X, Han JL, Jiang JC, Jiang P, Lee KJ, Li D, Men YP, Miao CC, Niu CH, Niu JR, Sun C, Wang BJ, Wang ZL, Xu H, Xu JL, Xu JW, Yang YH, Yang YP, Yu W, Zhang B, Zhang BB, Zhou DJ, Zhu WW, Castro-Tirado AJ, Dai ZG, Ge MY, Hu YD, Li CK, Li Y, Li Z, Liang EW, Jia SM, Querel R, Shao L, Wang FY, Wang XG, Wu XF, Xiong SL, Xu RX, Yang YS, Zhang GQ, Zhang SN, Zheng TC, Zou JH. No pulsed radio emission during a bursting phase of a Galactic magnetar. Nature 2020; 587:63-65. [PMID: 33149293 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2839-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-duration radio transients of unknown physical origin observed at extragalactic distances1-3. It has long been speculated that magnetars are the engine powering repeating bursts from FRB sources4-13, but no convincing evidence has been collected so far14. Recently, the Galactic magnetar SRG 1935+2154 entered an active phase by emitting intense soft γ-ray bursts15. One FRB-like event with two peaks (FRB 200428) and a luminosity slightly lower than the faintest extragalactic FRBs was detected from the source, in association with a soft γ-ray/hard-X-ray flare18-21. Here we report an eight-hour targeted radio observational campaign comprising four sessions and assisted by multi-wavelength (optical and hard-X-ray) data. During the third session, 29 soft-γ-ray repeater (SGR) bursts were detected in γ-ray energies. Throughout the observing period, we detected no single dispersed pulsed emission coincident with the arrivals of SGR bursts, but unfortunately we were not observing when the FRB was detected. The non-detection places a fluence upper limit that is eight orders of magnitude lower than the fluence of FRB 200428. Our results suggest that FRB-SGR burst associations are rare. FRBs may be highly relativistic and geometrically beamed, or FRB-like events associated with SGR bursts may have narrow spectra and characteristic frequencies outside the observed band. It is also possible that the physical conditions required to achieve coherent radiation in SGR bursts are difficult to satisfy, and that only under extreme conditions could an FRB be associated with an SGR burst.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lin
- Department of Astronomy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - C F Zhang
- Department of Astronomy, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - P Wang
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - H Gao
- Department of Astronomy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - X Guan
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - J L Han
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - J C Jiang
- Department of Astronomy, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - P Jiang
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - K J Lee
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China. .,Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - D Li
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Y P Men
- Department of Astronomy, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - C C Miao
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - C H Niu
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - J R Niu
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - C Sun
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - B J Wang
- Department of Astronomy, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Z L Wang
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - H Xu
- Department of Astronomy, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - J L Xu
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - J W Xu
- Department of Astronomy, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Y H Yang
- School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Y P Yang
- South-Western Institute for Astronomy Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - W Yu
- Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - B Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
| | - B-B Zhang
- School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA.,Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - D J Zhou
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - W W Zhu
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - A J Castro-Tirado
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA-CSIC), Granada, Spain.,Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas y Automática, Escuela de Ingenierías, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Z G Dai
- School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - M Y Ge
- Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Y D Hu
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA-CSIC), Granada, Spain.,Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - C K Li
- Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Li
- Department of Astronomy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - E W Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - S M Jia
- Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - R Querel
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Lauder, New Zealand
| | - L Shao
- College of Physics, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - F Y Wang
- School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - X G Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - X F Wu
- Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - S L Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - R X Xu
- Department of Astronomy, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Y-S Yang
- School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - G Q Zhang
- School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - S N Zhang
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - T C Zheng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - J-H Zou
- College of Physics, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
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13
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Han S, Sebastin R, Lee KJ, Wang X, Shin MJ, Kim SH, Lee S, Lee JR, Cho GT, Hyun DY, Chung JW. Interspecific variation of seed morphological and micro-morphological traits in the genus Vicia (Fabaceae). Microsc Res Tech 2020; 84:337-357. [PMID: 32959444 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Seed macro- and micro-morphology were analyzed to evaluate their capacity to discriminate species in the genus Vicia (Fabaceae). To assess the interspecific variation of the taxa in the genus Vicia, 41 accessions were obtained from the USDA-ARS germplasm collection in the USA and 19 accessions were collected from Korea. Seed morphological characteristics such as shape, color, mottling, finish, length, width, diameter, hilum shape, hilum color, hilum length, and lens distance from the hilum were examined under a stereomicroscope. Testa texture characteristics such as testa pattern, papillae type, density, height, ribbing, surface deposits, and peaks topped with wax were examined under scanning electron microscopy. Various gross-morphological traits of seeds of Vicia species have been analyzed and compared. The present study revealed significant variation in testa traits. Testa were papillose and papillose with mounds, the latter being observed only in Vicia lathyroides. The present study revealed 20 key traits that could be used to diagnose Vicia species and classify them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seahee Han
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Raveendar Sebastin
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Jun Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - XiaoHan Wang
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Jae Shin
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Hoon Kim
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sookyeong Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ro Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu-Taek Cho
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Yoon Hyun
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Wook Chung
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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14
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Lee KJ, Ko YH, Gupta N, Magnusson R. Unpolarized resonant notch filters for the 8-12 µm spectral region. Opt Lett 2020; 45:4452-4455. [PMID: 32796981 DOI: 10.1364/ol.398744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The long-wave infrared (LWIR) spectral region spanning ∼8-12µm is useful for many scientific and industrial applications. As traditional multilayer film components are not straightforwardly realized at these bands, we provide design, fabrication, and testing of polarization independent bandstop filters based on the guided-mode resonance (GMR) effect. Focusing on the zero-contrast grating architecture, we successfully fabricate prototype filters in the Ge-on-ZnSe materials system. Applying mask-based photolithography and dry etching, photoresist patterns form the desired Ge grating structures. The resulting devices exhibit clean transmittance nulls and acceptably high sidebands. Moreover, we verify polarization independent notch filtering by assembling two identical GMR filters with gratings oriented orthogonally. This approach to realize effective GMR elements will be useful for various fields including photonic and optoelectronic devices operating in the LWIR region.
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Ahamed SH, Lee KJ, Tang PH. Role of a modified ultrafast MRI brain protocol in clinical paediatric neuroimaging. Clin Radiol 2020; 75:914-920. [PMID: 32782127 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2020.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM To establish a role for modified ultrafast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain in clinical paediatric patients based on clinically acceptable image quality and diagnostic accuracy. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective study was conducted with institutional review board approval on an ultrafast MRI brain protocol consisting of sagittal T1-weighted, axial T2-weighted, axial fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), axial diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and axial T2∗-weighted sequences. Preliminary investigations revealed that the default ultrafast T2-weighted sequence was prone to pulsation artefacts. A modified ultrafast T2-weighted sequence was therefore developed to replace the default ultrafast T2-weighted sequence. Thirty-five patients with clinical indication for neuroimaging underwent ultrafast MRI, modified ultrafast T2-weighted sequence and standard MRI at 3 T. Image quality of ultrafast MRI sequences were graded as clinically "diagnostic" or "non-diagnostic" and compared against the corresponding standard MRI sequences as the reference standard. The modified ultrafast T2-weighted sequence surpassed the default ultrafast T2-weighted sequence in image quality. The ultrafast MRI protocol was therefore replaced with the modified ultrafast T2-weighted sequence creating a modified ultrafast MRI protocol. The clinical reports of modified ultrafast MRI were compared against standard MRI for diagnostic concordance, categorised further as "normal", "clinically significant", or "clinically minor" abnormalities. RESULTS Ultrafast T1-weighted, FLAIR, and DWI sequences had comparable image quality to standard MRI sequences. The ultrafast T2∗-weighted sequence had significantly higher non-diagnostic images (42.9%) compared to the standard MRI sequence (2.9%). The default ultrafast T2-weighted sequence had significantly higher non-diagnostic images compared to the modified ultrafast T2-weighted sequence and standard T2-weighted sequence (82.9%, 5.7%, 8.6%, respectively). There was 100% concordance for normal and clinically significant abnormalities and 23% discordance for clinically minor abnormalities. Modified ultrafast MRI takes 5 minutes 41 seconds compared to standard MRI time of 14 minutes 57 seconds. CONCLUSION The modified ultrafast MRI protocol for brain imaging demonstrates clinically acceptable image quality in four out of five sequences and has high accuracy in diagnosing normal and clinically significant abnormalities when compared against the standard MRI protocol for brain imaging. It could potentially benefit a select group of paediatric patients who require neuroimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Ahamed
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, 229899, Singapore.
| | - K J Lee
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 11 Biopolis Way, #02-02 Helios, 138667, Singapore
| | - P H Tang
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, 229899, Singapore
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16
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Ha M, Son YR, Kim J, Park SM, Hong CM, Choi D, Kang W, Kim JH, Lee KJ, Park D, Han ME, Oh SO, Lee D, Kim YH. TEK is a novel prognostic marker for clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 23:1451-1458. [PMID: 30840266 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201902_17102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer. However, effective therapeutics for ccRCC are lacking. Novel biomarkers could provide critical information when determining prognoses for patients with ccRCC. In this study, we sought to determine if the expression of receptor tyrosine kinase (TEK) could be a potential novel prognostic biomarker for ccRCC. TEK, originally identified as an endothelial cell-specific receptor, plays an important role in the modulation of vasculogenesis and remodeling. Altered TEK expression has been observed in tumor tissues (e.g., oral squamous cell carcinomas, leukemia) and breast, gastric and thyroid cancers. However, the role of TEK in ccRCC remains unknown. PATIENTS AND METHODS Differential TEK expression between non-metastatic (stage M0) and metastatic (stage M1) ccRCC patient cohorts was determined from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC). Furthermore, TEK expression was assessed as a prognostic factor using the time-dependent area under the curve (AUC) of Uno's C-index, the AUC value of the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) at 5 years, Kaplan-Meier survival curves and multivariate analyses. RESULTS A Kaplan-Meier curve analysis revealed that the downregulation of TEK expression was associated with a poor prognosis for patients with ccRCC with good discrimination (p<0.0001 and p=0.0044 for the TGCA and ICGC cohorts, respectively). Analyses of C-indices and receiver operating characteristic AUC values further support this discriminative ability. Moreover, multivariate analyses showed the prognostic significance of TEK expression levels (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Although additional clinical investigations will be needed, our results suggest that TEK is a potential biomarker for ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ha
- Department of Anatomy, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
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McMeniman EK, Peach E, Lee KJ, Yanes T, Jagirdar K, Stark MS, Soyer HP, Duffy DL, McInerney-Leo AM, Sturm RA. CDKN2A testing threshold in a high-risk Australian melanoma cohort: number of primaries, family history and young age of onset impact risk. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:e797-e798. [PMID: 32386439 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E K McMeniman
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Dermatology Department, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - E Peach
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - K J Lee
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - T Yanes
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - K Jagirdar
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - M S Stark
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - H P Soyer
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Dermatology Department, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - D L Duffy
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - A M McInerney-Leo
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - R A Sturm
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Abstract
Otolaryngologists are in a good position to advocate for our patients and our specialty. We can do it as a volunteer or as a full-time job running for political office at the state or federal level. To be taken seriously, we need to offer solutions besides citing the problems. We encourage otolaryngologists to work with our Academy and its ENT-PAC (Ear, Nose, Throat Political Action Committee). Medicine is a great profession and Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery is an even better specialty.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Lee
- Hofstra University Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine; Quinnipiac University Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine; Yale University School of Medicine.
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19
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Lee KJ, Baek DY, Lee GA, Cho GT, So YS, Lee JR, Ma KH, Chung JW, Hyun DY. Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activity of Korean Black Soybean ( Glycine max L.) Landraces. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9030213. [PMID: 32150893 PMCID: PMC7139723 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9030213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Black soybean (Glycine max L.) has been used as a traditional medicine because its seed coat contains various natural phenolic compounds such as anthocyanins. The objective of this study was to reveal the genetic variation in the agricultural traits, phytochemicals, and antioxidant activity of 172 Korean black soybean landraces (KBSLs) and establish a relationship among them. The evaluation of three agricultural traits (days to 50% flowering, maturity, and 100-seed weight), six phytochemicals (delphinidin-3-glucoside, cyaniding-3-glucoside, petunidin-3-glucoside, daidzin, glycitin, and genestin), and four antioxidant activities (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and the total polyphenol content (TPC) of 172 KBSLs were analyzed in 2012 and 2015. The agricultural traits, phytochemicals, and antioxidant activities of the 172 KBSLs showed wide variation among the accessions and years. In correlation analysis, the agricultural traits and phytochemicals showed positive and negative correlations with phytochemicals and antioxidant activity, respectively. The principal component analyses result indicated that phytochemicals accounted for most of the variability in the KBSLs. In clustering analysis, the 172 KBSLs were classified into four clusters. These results could lead to expanding the knowledge of the agricultural traits, phytochemicals, and antioxidant activity of the KBSLs, which are valuable materials for the development of new soybean varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Jun Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (K.J.L.); (G.-T.C.); (J.-R.L.)
| | - Da-Young Baek
- Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea; (D.-Y.B.); (Y.-S.S.)
| | - Gi-An Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (K.J.L.); (G.-T.C.); (J.-R.L.)
| | - Gyu-Taek Cho
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (K.J.L.); (G.-T.C.); (J.-R.L.)
| | - Yoon-Sup So
- Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea; (D.-Y.B.); (Y.-S.S.)
| | - Jung-Ro Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (K.J.L.); (G.-T.C.); (J.-R.L.)
| | - Kyung-Ho Ma
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, NIHHS, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea;
| | - Jong-Wook Chung
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-W.C.); (D.Y.H.); Tel.: +82-43-261-2518 (J.-W.C.); +82-63-238-4912 (D.Y.H.)
| | - Do Yoon Hyun
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (K.J.L.); (G.-T.C.); (J.-R.L.)
- Correspondence: (J.-W.C.); (D.Y.H.); Tel.: +82-43-261-2518 (J.-W.C.); +82-63-238-4912 (D.Y.H.)
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20
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McMeniman EK, Duffy DL, Jagirdar K, Lee KJ, Peach E, McInerney-Leo AM, De'Ambrosis B, Rayner JE, Smithers BM, Soyer HP, Sturm RA. The interplay of sun damage and genetic risk in Australian multiple and single primary melanoma cases and controls. Br J Dermatol 2020; 183:357-366. [PMID: 31794051 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin phenotype, host genotype and ultraviolet (UV) damage play a role in the development of melanoma. OBJECTIVES To ascertain whether the level of UV damage at the site of melanomas was associated with genetic polymorphisms. METHODS Deep phenotyping was performed on 1244 individuals; 281 with multiple primary melanomas (MPMs), 304 with single primary melanoma (SPM) and 659 convenience controls. Genotype data was generated using the Illumina CoreExome microarray platform, assaying over 500 000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms. A subset of variants were combined to assess a polygenic risk score (PRS) for melanoma. RESULTS Most MPM cases were diagnosed in patients aged > 40 years, in sites with visible chronic UV damage. Women and those diagnosed at age ≤ 40 years were less likely to have perilesional UV damage. Patients with MPM had higher frequencies of MITF E318K, MC1R R-alleles and the ASIP risk haplotype. Individuals who had melanoma in a visibly UV-damaged site were more likely to carry MC1R rs75570604 [odds ratio (OR) 2·5], 9q31.2 rs10816595 (OR 1·4) and MTAP rs869329 (OR 1·4). These same alleles were more common in patients with MPM who were diagnosed at age ≤ 40 years. The mean PRS was significantly higher in MPM than in SPM and controls. Naevus count was comparable in early-onset MPM cases and those diagnosed at age > 40 years. CONCLUSIONS Our cohort demonstrated higher frequencies of previously reported alleles associated with melanoma. MPM melanomas more commonly occur in UV-damaged areas, and these individuals are more likely to carry MC1R red hair colour alleles. Awareness of the interplay of genetic vulnerability with UV damage can stratify risk and guide recommendations for melanoma screening. What's already known about this topic? Skin phenotype, host genotype and ultraviolet (UV) damage all play a role in melanoma development. One of the main risk factors is a personal history of melanoma; second and subsequent primary melanomas account for over 20% of all melanomas registered in Queensland. Multiple loci are associated with melanoma risk, including many low-penetrance loci, which may have a cumulatively significant risk. Population-wide screening programmes for melanoma are not yet economically viable. What does this study add? Patients diagnosed with melanoma at age ≤ 40 years were more likely than older patients to have melanomas in non-UV-damaged sites. Patients with multiple melanomas had higher frequencies of MITF E318K, MC1R R-alleles, and the ASIP extended risk haplotype than patients with single melanoma. CDKN2A, MC1R and MTAP variants were more frequent in patients who developed melanomas at a younger age, but also in those whose melanomas were all on visibly UV-damaged sites. What is the translational message? Incorporating these genetic findings into the known risk factors of skin phenotype and visible UV damage may allow for a more customized and economically feasible approach to early detection of melanoma, particularly in younger patients. Plain language summary available online.
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Affiliation(s)
- E K McMeniman
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Dermatology Department, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - D L Duffy
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - K Jagirdar
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - K J Lee
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - E Peach
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - A M McInerney-Leo
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - B De'Ambrosis
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Dermatology Department, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,South East Dermatology, Annerley Square, Annerley, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - J E Rayner
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - B M Smithers
- Queensland Melanoma Project, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - H P Soyer
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Dermatology Department, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - R A Sturm
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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21
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Han JU, Kim BG, Yang C, Choi WH, Jeong J, Lee KJ, Kim H. Prospective randomized comparison of cerebrospinal fluid aspiration and conventional popping methods using 27-gauge spinal needles in patients undergoing spinal anaesthesia. BMC Anesthesiol 2020; 20:32. [PMID: 32000680 PMCID: PMC6993332 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-020-0954-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Performing spinal anaesthesia using the conventional popping method with a 27-gauge (27G) spinal needle is technically difficult. In this study, we compared the aspiration and conventional popping method for spinal anaesthesia using 27G Quincke-type needles. Methods This prospective, randomized study enrolled 90 patients, aged 19 to 65 years, with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-III, who were undergoing spinal anaesthesia. Patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups using a computer-generated random number table: patients receiving spinal anaesthesia using the aspiration method, in which the needle is advanced with continuous aspiration, or the conventional popping method. The primary outcome measure was the success rate of the first attempt to perform dural puncture. Number of attempts and passages, withdrawal cases, successful attempt time, total procedure time, and actual depth of dural puncture were recorded. Results Eighty-eight patients were included in the study. In the aspiration group, the success rate of first attempt for dural puncture was 93.3%, compared with 72.1% in the popping group (P = 0.019). Success involving needle withdrawal was recorded in 4 (8.9%) patients in the aspiration group and 13 (30.2%) in the popping group (P = 0.024). In the popping group, the number of attempts was significantly higher (P = 0.044), and total procedure time was significantly longer (P = 0.023). Actual depths of dural puncture were deeper in the popping group than in the aspiration group (P = 0.019). Conclusions The aspiration method using a 27G Quincke-type needle offers clinical benefits for dural puncture compared with the conventional popping method for spinal anaesthesia. Trial registration Clinical research information service number: KCT0002815, registered 21/Apr/2018. Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- J U Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, 27, Inhang-ro, Jung-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - B G Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, 27, Inhang-ro, Jung-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - C Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, 27, Inhang-ro, Jung-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - W H Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, 27, Inhang-ro, Jung-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - J Jeong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, 27, Inhang-ro, Jung-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - K J Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, 27, Inhang-ro, Jung-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, 27, Inhang-ro, Jung-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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Hyun DY, Sebastin R, Lee KJ, Lee GA, Shin MJ, Kim SH, Lee JR, Cho GT. Genotyping-by-Sequencing Derived Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Provide the First Well-Resolved Phylogeny for the Genus Triticum (Poaceae). Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:688. [PMID: 32625218 PMCID: PMC7311657 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum spp.) has been an important staple food crop for mankind since the beginning of agriculture. The genus Triticum L. is composed of diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid species, majority of which have not yet been discriminated clearly, and hence their phylogeny and classification remain unresolved. Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) is an easy and affordable method that allows us to generate genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. In this study, we used GBS to obtain SNPs covering all seven chromosomes from 283 accessions of Triticum-related genera. After filtering low-quality and redundant SNPs based on haplotype information, the GBS assay provided 14,188 high-quality SNPs that were distributed across the A (71%), B (26%), and D (2.4%) genomes. Cluster analysis and discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) allowed us to distinguish six distinct groups that matched well with Triticum species complexity. We constructed a Bayesian phylogenetic tree using 14,188 SNPs, in which 17 Triticum species and subspecies were discriminated. Dendrogram analysis revealed that the polyploid wheat species could be divided into groups according to the presence of A, B, D, and G genomes with strong nodal support and provided new insight into the evolution of spelt wheat. A total of 2,692 species-specific SNPs were identified to discriminate the common (T. aestivum) and durum (T. turgidum) wheat cultivar and landraces. In principal component analysis grouping, the two wheat species formed individual clusters and the SNPs were able to distinguish up to nine groups of 10 subspecies. This study demonstrated that GBS-derived SNPs could be used efficiently in genebank management to classify Triticum species and subspecies that are very difficult to distinguish by their morphological characters.
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Lee KJ, Lee JR, Sebastin R, Shin MJ, Kim SH, Cho GT, Hyun DY. Genetic Diversity Assessed by Genotyping by Sequencing (GBS) in Watermelon Germplasm. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10100822. [PMID: 31635343 PMCID: PMC6826620 DOI: 10.3390/genes10100822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Watermelon is an economically important vegetable fruit worldwide. The objective of this study was to conduct a genetic diversity of 68 watermelon accessions using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Genotyping by sequencing (GBS) was used to discover SNPs and assess genetic diversity and population structure using STRUCTURE and discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) in watermelon accessions. Two groups of watermelons were used: 1) highly utilized 41 watermelon accessions at the National Agrobiodiversity Center (NAC) at the Rural Development Administration in South Korea; and 2) 27 Korean commercial watermelons. Results revealed the presence of four clusters within the populations differentiated principally based on seed companies. In addition, there was higher genetic differentiation among commercial watermelons of each company. It is hypothesized that the results obtained from this study would contribute towards the expansion of this crop as well as providing data about genetic diversity, which would be useful for the preservation of genetic resources or for future breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Jun Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea.
| | - Jung-Ro Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea.
| | - Raveendar Sebastin
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea.
| | - Myoung-Jae Shin
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea.
| | - Seong-Hoon Kim
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea.
| | - Gyu-Taek Cho
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea.
| | - Do Yoon Hyun
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea.
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Lee KJ, Soyer HP. Smartphones, artificial intelligence and digital histopathology take on basal cell carcinoma diagnosis. Br J Dermatol 2019; 182:540-541. [PMID: 31429070 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K J Lee
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - H P Soyer
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
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Rayner JE, McMeniman EK, Duffy DL, De'Ambrosis B, Smithers BM, Jagirdar K, Lee KJ, Soyer HP, Sturm RA. Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of amelanotic and hypomelanotic melanoma patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 33:1076-1083. [PMID: 30680790 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amelanotic/hypomelanotic melanoma is associated with poorer outcomes due to a more advanced disease stage at diagnosis. OBJECTIVE To determine phenotypic risks and genotypic associations with amelanotic/hypomelanotic melanoma to develop a clinical and genetic profile that could assist in identifying high-risk individuals. METHODS The Brisbane Naevus Morphology Study conducted from 2009 to 2016 has recruited a core of 1254 participants. Participants were drawn from a combination of volunteers from dermatology outpatient clinics, private dermatology clinics, the Brisbane Longitudinal Twin Study and QSkin study. Case participants had a personal history of melanoma and control participants no personal history of melanoma. We specifically examined seven known candidate pigmentation and melanoma genes and pigmentary phenotypic characteristics in participants with amelanotic/hypomelanotic melanoma compared to pigmented melanomas. This assayed single nucleotide polymorphisms in MC1R, TYR, HERC/OCA2, IRF4, MTAP, PLA2G6 and MITF. RESULTS Forty-seven participants had at least one amelanotic/hypomelanotic melanoma, and 389 had pigmented melanomas, with amelanotic/hypomelanotic melanoma patients significantly older than pigmented melanoma participants (63.3 ± 13.0 vs. 54.6 ± 15.3 years; P < 0.001). Amelanotic/hypomelanotic melanoma patients were more likely than pigmented melanoma patients to have red hair (34% vs. 15%; P = 0.01), severe hand freckling (13% vs. 5%; P = 0.01) and propensity to sunburn (63% vs. 44%; P = 0.01). MC1R R/R genotype was much more frequent in our amelanotic/hypomelanotic melanoma population (31.1% vs. 11%; P < 0.001; OR 26.4 vs. 5.9; control 1.0). Amelanotic/hypomelanotic melanoma was associated with TYR rs1126809*A/A [OR (CI 95%) 2.7 (1.1-6.8) vs. 1.2 (0.8-1.9)] and PLA2G6 rs11570734*A/A [OR (CI 95%) 3.7 (1.0-13.6) vs. 1.3 (0.9-2.0)]. The MTAP melanoma risk SNP genotype, associated with darker pigmentation, (rs4636294*A/A) was less common in amelanotic/hypomelanotic melanoma patients [OR (CI 95%) 0.8 (0.3-2.1) vs. 2.0 (1.3-3.1)]. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge of phenotypic and genotypic associations of amelanotic/hypomelanotic melanoma can help predict risks and associations of this difficult to diagnose melanoma, which may ultimately assist clinical management and patient skin self-examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Rayner
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - E K McMeniman
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
- Dermatology Department, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - D L Duffy
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - B De'Ambrosis
- Dermatology Department, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
- South East Dermatology, Annerley Square, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - B M Smithers
- Queensland Melanoma Project, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - K Jagirdar
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - K J Lee
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - H P Soyer
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
- Dermatology Department, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - R A Sturm
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
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Sebastin R, Lee KJ, Cho GT, Lee JR, Shin MJ, Kim SH, Lee GA, Chung JW, Hyun DY. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Japanese Millet Echinochloa esculenta (A. braun) H. scholz (Poaceae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1598787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raveendar Sebastin
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Jun Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu-Taek Cho
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ro Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Jae Shin
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Hoon Kim
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-An Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Wook Chung
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Yoon Hyun
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju-Si, Republic of Korea
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27
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Sebastin R, Lee KJ, Cho GT, Shin MJ, Kim SH, Hyun DY, Lee JR. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of a Bolivian wild chili pepper, Capsicum eximium Hunz. (Solanaceae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1601533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Raveendar Sebastin
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju-Si, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Jun Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju-Si, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu-Taek Cho
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju-Si, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Jae Shin
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju-Si, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Hoon Kim
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju-Si, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Yoon Hyun
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju-Si, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ro Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju-Si, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
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Matthews LG, Inder TE, Pascoe L, Kapur K, Lee KJ, Monson BB, Doyle LW, Thompson DK, Anderson PJ. Longitudinal Preterm Cerebellar Volume: Perinatal and Neurodevelopmental Outcome Associations. Cerebellum 2018; 17:610-627. [PMID: 29949094 PMCID: PMC6126980 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-018-0946-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Impaired cerebellar development is an important determinant of adverse motor and cognitive outcomes in very preterm (VPT) infants. However, longitudinal MRI studies investigating cerebellar maturation from birth through childhood and associated neurodevelopmental outcomes are lacking. We aimed to compare cerebellar volume and growth from term-equivalent age (TEA) to 7 years between VPT (< 30 weeks' gestation or < 1250 g) and full-term children; and to assess the association between these measures, perinatal factors, and 7-year outcomes in VPT children, and whether these relationships varied by sex. In a prospective cohort study of 224 VPT and 46 full-term infants, cerebellar volumes were measured on MRI at TEA and 7 years. Useable data at either time-point were collected for 207 VPT and 43 full-term children. Cerebellar growth from TEA to 7 years was compared between VPT and full-term children. Associations with perinatal factors and 7-year outcomes were investigated in VPT children. VPT children had smaller TEA and 7-year volumes and reduced growth. Perinatal factors were associated with smaller cerebellar volume and growth between TEA and 7 years, namely, postnatal corticosteroids for TEA volume, and female sex, earlier birth gestation, white and deep nuclear gray matter injury for 7-year volume and growth. Smaller TEA and 7-year volumes, and reduced growth were associated with poorer 7-year IQ, language, and motor function, with differential relationships observed for male and female children. Our findings indicate that cerebellar growth from TEA to 7 years is impaired in VPT children and relates to early perinatal factors and 7-year outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian G Matthews
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - T E Inder
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - L Pascoe
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K Kapur
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K J Lee
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - B B Monson
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - L W Doyle
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - D K Thompson
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P J Anderson
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Lee KJ, Liu K. Tinnitus: A Stepchild in Our Specialty. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018; 159:599-600. [PMID: 29966488 DOI: 10.1177/0194599818785146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many patients are not satisfied with their doctor's answer when they complain about tinnitus. The proposed classification can be used to communicate with patients as well as guide future research. Type A itemizes the treatable causes of tinnitus. Type B itemizes tinnitus with a lack of medical explanation. Type C tinnitus is caused by diagnosable and treatable conditions, as listed in tinnitus type A, but the tinnitus persists after the successful treatment of the other symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Lee
- 1 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital, Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, USA.,2 Section of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Yale University, Guilford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Keyu Liu
- 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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30
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Sebastin R, Lee GA, Lee KJ, Shin MJ, Cho GT, Lee JR, Ma KH, Chung JW. The complete chloroplast genome sequences of little millet ( Panicum sumatrense Roth ex Roem. and Schult.) (Poaceae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2018; 3:719-720. [PMID: 33474296 PMCID: PMC7800850 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2018.1483771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Little millet, Panicum sumatrense Roth ex Roem. & Schult., is an important cultivated species under the tribe Paniceae, sub-family Panicoideae and family Poaceae. In this study, for the first time we sequenced the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of P. sumatrense to investigate their phylogenetic relationship in the family Poaceae. The complete cp genome sequence of P. sumatrense is 139,384 bp in length with 38.6% overall GC content and exhibits a typical quadripartite structure comprising one pair of inverted repeats (22,723 bp) separated by a small single-copy region (12,583 bp) and a large single-copy region (81,355 bp). The P. sumatrense cp genome encodes 125 unique genes, which include 91 protein-coding genes, 4 rRNA genes, 30 tRNA genes, and 20 genes were duplicated in the inverted repeat region. This newly determined cp genome (P. sumatrense) could be valuable information for the breeding programs of this cereal crops in the family Poaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raveendar Sebastin
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-An Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Jun Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Jae Shin
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu-Taek Cho
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ro Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ho Ma
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Wook Chung
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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31
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Cuzzilla R, Spittle AJ, Lee KJ, Rogerson S, Cowan FM, Doyle LW, Cheong JLY. Postnatal Brain Growth Assessed by Sequential Cranial Ultrasonography in Infants Born <30 Weeks' Gestational Age. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018; 39:1170-1176. [PMID: 29773561 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Brain growth in the early postnatal period following preterm birth has not been well described. This study of infants born at <30 weeks' gestational age and without major brain injury aimed to accomplish the following: 1) assess the reproducibility of linear measures made from cranial ultrasonography, 2) evaluate brain growth using sequential cranial ultrasonography linear measures from birth to term-equivalent age, and 3) explore perinatal predictors of postnatal brain growth. MATERIALS AND METHODS Participants comprised 144 infants born at <30 weeks' gestational age at a single center between January 2011 and December 2013. Infants with major brain injury seen on cranial ultrasonography or congenital or chromosomal abnormalities were excluded. Brain tissue and fluid spaces were measured from cranial ultrasonography performed as part of routine clinical care. Brain growth was assessed in 3 time intervals: <7, 7-27, and >27 days' postnatal age. Data were analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficients and mixed-effects regression. RESULTS A total of 429 scans were assessed for 144 infants. Several linear measures showed excellent reproducibility. All measures of brain tissue increased with postnatal age, except for the biparietal diameter, which decreased within the first postnatal week and increased thereafter. Gestational age of ≥28 weeks at birth was associated with slower growth of the biparietal diameter and ventricular width compared with gestational age of <28 weeks. Postnatal corticosteroid administration was associated with slower growth of the corpus callosum length, transcerebellar diameter, and vermis height. Sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis were associated with slower growth of the transcerebellar diameter. CONCLUSIONS Postnatal brain growth in infants born at <30 weeks' gestational age can be evaluated using sequential linear measures made from routine cranial ultrasonography and is associated with perinatal predictors of long-term development.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Cuzzilla
- From the Victorian Infant Brain Studies research group (R.C., A.J.S., K.J.L., L.W.D., J.L.Y.C.), Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia .,Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (R.C., S.R., L.W.D., J.L.Y.C.).,Neonatal Services (R.C., A.J.S., S.R., L.W.D., J.L.Y.C.), The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A J Spittle
- From the Victorian Infant Brain Studies research group (R.C., A.J.S., K.J.L., L.W.D., J.L.Y.C.), Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Physiotherapy (A.J.S.), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Neonatal Services (R.C., A.J.S., S.R., L.W.D., J.L.Y.C.), The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K J Lee
- From the Victorian Infant Brain Studies research group (R.C., A.J.S., K.J.L., L.W.D., J.L.Y.C.), Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Paediatrics (K.J.L., L.W.D.)
| | - S Rogerson
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (R.C., S.R., L.W.D., J.L.Y.C.).,Neonatal Services (R.C., A.J.S., S.R., L.W.D., J.L.Y.C.), The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - F M Cowan
- Department of Paediatrics (F.M.C.), Imperial College, London, UK
| | - L W Doyle
- From the Victorian Infant Brain Studies research group (R.C., A.J.S., K.J.L., L.W.D., J.L.Y.C.), Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (R.C., S.R., L.W.D., J.L.Y.C.).,Paediatrics (K.J.L., L.W.D.).,Neonatal Services (R.C., A.J.S., S.R., L.W.D., J.L.Y.C.), The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J L Y Cheong
- From the Victorian Infant Brain Studies research group (R.C., A.J.S., K.J.L., L.W.D., J.L.Y.C.), Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (R.C., S.R., L.W.D., J.L.Y.C.).,Neonatal Services (R.C., A.J.S., S.R., L.W.D., J.L.Y.C.), The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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32
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Laino AM, Berry EG, Jagirdar K, Lee KJ, Duffy DL, Soyer HP, Sturm RA. Iris pigmented lesions as a marker of cutaneous melanoma risk: an Australian case-control study. Br J Dermatol 2018; 178:1119-1127. [PMID: 29315480 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iris naevi and iris freckles have a frequency of 4% and 50% in the European population, respectively. They are associated with dysplastic naevi, but few studies have examined their link to cutaneous melanoma. OBJECTIVES To assess whether iris pigmented lesions are a predictive indicator for cutaneous melanoma. METHODS This is a melanoma case-control study of 1254 European-background Australians. Sun exposure and melanoma history, a saliva sample for DNA analysis and eye photographs taken with a digital camera were collected from 1117 participants. Iris images were assessed by up to four trained observers for the number of iris pigmented lesions. The data were analysed for correlations between iris pigmented lesions and melanoma history. RESULTS Case participants over the age of 40 had similar numbers of iris pigmented lesions to age matched controls (mean 5·7 vs. 5·2, P = 0·02), but in younger case and control participants there was a greater difference (mean 3·96 vs. 2·19, P = 0·004). A logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, skin, hair and eye colour, skin freckling and naevus count found that the presence of three or more iris pigmented lesions increases the melanoma risk 1·45-fold [95% confidence interval (CI) 1·07-1·95]. HERC2/OCA2 rs12913832 and IRF4 rs12203592 influenced both eye colour and the number of iris pigmented lesions. On the HERC2/OCA2 A/A and A/G genotype background there was an increasing proportion of blue eye colour when carrying the IRF4 T allele (P = 3 × 10-4 ) and a higher number of iris pigmented lesions with the IRF4 T/T homozygote (P = 3 × 10-9 ). CONCLUSIONS Iris pigmented lesion count provides additional predictive information for melanoma risk above that from conventional risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Laino
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, UQ Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, 4102, Australia
| | - E G Berry
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, UQ Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, 4102, Australia.,Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, 30309, GA, U.S.A
| | - K Jagirdar
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, UQ Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, 4102, Australia
| | - K J Lee
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, UQ Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, 4102, Australia
| | - D L Duffy
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, UQ Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, 4102, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
| | - H P Soyer
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, UQ Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, 4102, Australia.,Department of Dermatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, 4102, Australia
| | - R A Sturm
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, UQ Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, 4102, Australia
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Rodwell L, Romaniuk H, Nilsen W, Carlin JB, Lee KJ, Patton GC. Adolescent mental health and behavioural predictors of being NEET: a prospective study of young adults not in employment, education, or training. Psychol Med 2018; 48:861-871. [PMID: 28874224 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291717002434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young adults who are not in employment, education, or training (NEET) are at risk of long-term economic disadvantage and social exclusion. Knowledge about risk factors for being NEET largely comes from cross-sectional studies of vulnerable individuals. Using data collected over a 10-year period, we examined adolescent predictors of being NEET in young adulthood. METHODS We used data on 1938 participants from the Victorian Adolescent Health Cohort Study, a community-based longitudinal study of adolescents in Victoria, Australia. Associations between common mental disorders, disruptive behaviour, cannabis use and drinking behaviour in adolescence, and NEET status at two waves of follow-up in young adulthood (mean ages of 20.7 and 24.1 years) were investigated using logistic regression, with generalised estimating equations used to account for the repeated outcome measure. RESULTS Overall, 8.5% of the participants were NEET at age 20.7 years and 8.2% at 24.1 years. After adjusting for potential confounders, we found evidence of increased risk of being NEET among frequent adolescent cannabis users [adjusted odds ratio (ORadj) = 1.74; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10-2.75] and those who reported repeated disruptive behaviours (ORadj = 1.71; 95% CI 1.15-2.55) or persistent common mental disorders in adolescence (ORadj = 1.60; 95% CI 1.07-2.40). Similar associations were present when participants with children were included in the same category as those in employment, education, or training. CONCLUSIONS Young people with an early onset of mental health and behavioural problems are at risk of failing to make the transition from school to employment. This finding reinforces the importance of integrated employment and mental health support programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rodwell
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute,Parkville, VIC,Australia
| | - H Romaniuk
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute,Parkville, VIC,Australia
| | - W Nilsen
- Work Research Institute,Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences,Oslo,Norway
| | - J B Carlin
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute,Parkville, VIC,Australia
| | - K J Lee
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute,Parkville, VIC,Australia
| | - G C Patton
- Department of Paediatrics,Faculty of Medicine,Dentistry and Health Sciences,The University of Melbourne,Melbourne, VIC,Australia
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Sebastin R, Lee KJ, Shin MJ, Cho GT, Ma KH, Lee JR, Lee GA, Chung JW. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of wild oat, Avena sterilis L. (Poaceae) and its phylogeny. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2018; 3:311-312. [PMID: 33474156 PMCID: PMC7799852 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2018.1444518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild oat, Avena sterilis L. is a stout broad-leaved annual grass resembling cultivated oats in general appearance. In this study, we sequenced the complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence of A. sterilis for the first time to investigate their phylogenetic relationship in the family Poaceae. The complete cp genome sequence is 135,887 bp in length with 38.5% overall GC content and exhibits a typical quadripartite structure comprising one pair of inverted repeats (21,603 bp) separated by a small single-copy region (12,575 bp) and a large single-copy region (80,106). The cp genome encodes 111 unique genes, 76 of which are protein-coding genes, four rRNA genes, 30 tRNA genes, and 18 duplicated genes in the inverted repeat region. The phylogenetic analysis indicated A. sterilis closely clustered with the cultivated oat, A. sativa L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raveendar Sebastin
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Jun Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Jae Shin
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu-Taek Cho
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ho Ma
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ro Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-An Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Wook Chung
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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Oktaria V, Lee KJ, Bines JE, Watts E, Satria CD, Atthobari J, Nirwati H, Kirkwood CD, Soenarto Y, Danchin MH. Nutritional status, exclusive breastfeeding and management of acute respiratory illness and diarrhea in the first 6 months of life in infants from two regions of Indonesia. BMC Pediatr 2017; 17:211. [PMID: 29268732 PMCID: PMC5740930 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-017-0966-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infant morbidity and mortality rates remain high in Indonesia, with acute respiratory illnesses (ARI) and diarrhea the leading two health problems in children under 5 years. We aimed to describe the nutritional status, feeding practice and case management of ARI and diarrhea of infants from two regions of Indonesia during the first 6 months of life. METHODS This study was an observational study conducted in parallel to an immunogenicity and efficacy trial of an oral rotavirus vaccine (RV3-BB) in the Klaten and Yogyakarta regions, Indonesia. Mothers were interviewed at 3 time points: within the first 6 days of their infant's life, and at 8-10 and 22-24 weeks of age. Questions asked included pregnancy history, infant nutritional status, feeding status and health of infants within up to 2 weeks prior to the assessment. RESULTS Between February 2013 and January 2014, 233 mother-infant pairs were recruited. 60% (136/223) of infants were exclusively breastfed (EBF) until 6 months of age with the strongest support for EBF reported by mothers themselves 70% (101/223) and 25% (36/223) from their partners. At 6 months, 6% (14/223) of infants were underweight and severely underweight; 4% (8/ 223) wasted and severely wasted; and 12% (28/223) were stunted and severely stunted. Non-recommended medication use was high, with 54% (21/39) of infants with reported cough within 2 weeks of an assessment receiving cough medication, 70% (27 /39) an antihistamine, 26% (10/39) a mucolytic and 15% (6 /39) an oral bronchodilator. At age 22-24 week, infants with reported diarrhea within 2 weeks of an assessment had low use of oral rehydration solutions (ORS) (3/21;14%) and zinc therapy (2/ 21;10%). CONCLUSION In this unique observational study, breastfeeding rates of 60% at 6 months were below the Indonesian national target of >75%. Adherence to WHO guidelines for management of ARI and diarrhea was poor, with high use of non-recommended cough medications and oral bronchodilators in the first 6 months of life and low use of ORS and zinc therapy. Ongoing education of primary health care workers and parents regarding management of common illness is needed in Indonesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Oktaria
- Pediatrics Research Office, Child Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada/ DR Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. .,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. .,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute (MCRI), The Royal Children Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - K J Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute (MCRI), The Royal Children Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J E Bines
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute (MCRI), The Royal Children Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - E Watts
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute (MCRI), The Royal Children Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - C D Satria
- Pediatrics Research Office, Child Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada/ DR Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - J Atthobari
- Pediatrics Research Office, Child Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada/ DR Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.,Department of Pharmacology & Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - H Nirwati
- Pediatrics Research Office, Child Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada/ DR Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - C D Kirkwood
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute (MCRI), The Royal Children Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, USA
| | - Y Soenarto
- Pediatrics Research Office, Child Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada/ DR Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - M H Danchin
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute (MCRI), The Royal Children Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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Yeo CB, Lee KJ, Song C. Angiosome based time series analysis of deep tissue perfusion using diffuse speckle contrast analysis. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2017; 2017:4054-4057. [PMID: 29060787 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2017.8037746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
An angiosome is a three dimensional volume of biological tissue which a specific artery governs. Although proven useful for vascular surgery, the direct relationship between arterial flow and microcirculation in specific angiosome remains controversial. Here, we present new optical approach, a four-channel diffuse speckle contrast analysis (DSCA) which can simultaneously measure blood perfusion at different foot area. Based on the hypothesis that same angiosome will support similar low frequency oscillation, we investigated cross-correlation among different DSCA channels. Our preliminary results show that the LFO signal from the channel closest to posterior tibial artery is leading the signal from the other channels.
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Lee KJ, Jung JS, Mo YM, Yoon YJ, Kim SI. Isolation of Antagonistic Microbes for Biological Control of Ginseng Root Rot. Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- KJ Lee
- Ginseng & Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Gangwon Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Cheorwon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - JS Jung
- Ginseng & Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Gangwon Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Cheorwon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - YM Mo
- Ginseng & Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Gangwon Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Cheorwon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - YJ Yoon
- Ginseng & Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Gangwon Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Cheorwon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - SI Kim
- Ginseng & Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Gangwon Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Cheorwon, Korea, Republic of (South)
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38
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Yoon YJ, Jeong HN, Jung JS, Lee KJ, Mo YM, Kim SI. Growth characteristics and yield of ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) by irrigation set point in rain shelter house. Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- YJ Yoon
- Ginseng & Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Gangwon Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Cheorwon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - HN Jeong
- Ginseng & Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Gangwon Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Cheorwon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - JS Jung
- Ginseng & Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Gangwon Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Cheorwon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - KJ Lee
- Ginseng & Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Gangwon Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Cheorwon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - YM Mo
- Ginseng & Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Gangwon Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Cheorwon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - SI Kim
- Ginseng & Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Gangwon Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Cheorwon, Korea, Republic of (South)
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Lee KJ, Vanheel H, Vanuytsel T, Vos R, Tack J. The NO/cGMP pathway in duodenal motor, mechano- and chemosensory responses to acid: A randomized, placebo-controlled study with sildenafil in healthy volunteers. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017; 29. [PMID: 28382697 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered duodenal sensorimotor responses to acid have been reported in a subset of patients with functional dyspepsia. To investigate whether NO is involved in these abnormalities, the effect of sildenafil (activates the NO pathway) on duodenal motor and sensory responses to acid in healthy humans was evaluated. METHODS A barostat-manometry catheter including an infusion tube was positioned in the duodenum of 12 healthy volunteers. Duodenal motility and dyspeptic symptoms were evaluated during the whole study. A first series of stepwise isobaric distensions was performed while participants scored their perception of upper abdominal sensations at the end of every distension step. Next, the duodenum was infused with sildenafil 50 mg or saline, followed by duodenal acid infusion. During duodenal acidification, a second sequence of stepwise isobaric distensions with the assessment of sensations was repeated. KEY RESULTS Acid infusion did not induce dyspeptic symptoms with both placebo and sildenafil pretreatment. Duodenal motility decreased after sildenafil infusion, whereas it was not affected by placebo. Acid-induced increase in motility was, however, observed in both conditions, and no difference between the conditions was found. Duodenal acidification decreased thresholds for discomfort and increased perception scores during duodenal distensions in both groups, but again no difference was observed between placebo and sildenafil pretreatment. CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES Sildenafil does not affect duodenal motor, mechanosensory, and chemosensory responses to acid in healthy controls. Therefore, it is less likely that the NO pathway plays a role in the altered response to acid in functional dyspepsia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - H Vanheel
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - T Vanuytsel
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - R Vos
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Tack
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Lee KJ, Jeon BG, Seo MJ, Cho MJ, Yoon HJ, Kim DS, Park KS, Kim KS, Yang JY, Yang JS, Lee GH. Speciation Analysis of 6 Arsenic Species in Sea Mustard Using IC-ICP-MS. Journal of the Korean Chemical Society 2016. [DOI: 10.5012/jkcs.2016.60.6.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Lee KJ, Kwon SJ, Hwang JE, Han SM, Jung I, Kim JB, Choi HI, Ryu J, Kang SY. Genome-wide expression analysis of a rice mutant line under salt stress. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr-15-gmr15048833. [PMID: 27813582 DOI: 10.4238/gmr15048833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Salinity is a major environmental stress to plants. In this study, the ability of plants to tolerate salt was investigated by studying growth, physiological characteristics, and expression levels of genes related to the salt-stress response in the salt-tolerant rice mutant (Till-II-877), which was derived from γ-ray irradiation. Compared to plants grown under normal conditions, the height and root length of wild type (WT) were reduced by approximately 40 and 29% following exposure to salt stress for 3 weeks, whereas Till-II-877 line showed 29 and 23% reductions in plant height and root length, respectively. No significant changes were observed in total chlorophyll content, and the malondialdehyde content of the mutant increased less than that of the WT under salt treatment. Gene expression was compared between the WT and mutant lines using microarray analysis. An unbiased analysis of the gene expression datasets allowed us to identify the pathways involved in salt-stress responses. Among the most significantly affected pathways, changes in gene expression were observed in α-linolenic acid and linoleic acid metabolism (in lipid metabolism), fructose and mannose metabolism and glycolysis-gluconeogenesis (in carbohydrate metabolism), cysteine and methionine metabolism (in amino acid metabolism), and carbon fixation (in the energy metabolism of photosynthetic organisms) under salt stress. These results show that the differential response of plants subjected to salt stress was due to changes in multiple metabolic pathways. These findings increase our understanding of the effects of salt stress in rice and may aid in the development of salt-tolerant rice cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - S-J Kwon
- Radiation Breeding Research Center, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, Korea.,Radiation Biotechnology and Applied Radioisotope Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - J E Hwang
- Radiation Breeding Research Center, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - S M Han
- Radiation Breeding Research Center, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - I Jung
- Radiation Breeding Research Center, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - J-B Kim
- Radiation Breeding Research Center, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - H-I Choi
- Radiation Breeding Research Center, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - J Ryu
- Radiation Breeding Research Center, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - S-Y Kang
- Radiation Breeding Research Center, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, Korea
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Lee KJ, Woo JH, Kim E, Xiao Y, Su X, Mazur LM, Attias AJ, Fages F, Cregut O, Barsella A, Mathevet F, Mager L, Wu JW, D'Aléo A, Ribierre JC. Electronic energy and electron transfer processes in photoexcited donor-acceptor dyad and triad molecular systems based on triphenylene and perylene diimide units. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:7875-87. [PMID: 26911420 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp06279a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the photophysical properties of organic donor-acceptor dyad and triad molecular systems based on triphenylene and perylene diimide units linked by a non-conjugated flexible bridge in solution using complementary optical spectroscopy techniques. When these molecules are diluted in dichloromethane solution, energy transfer from the triphenylene to the perylene diimide excited moieties is evidenced by time-resolved fluorescence measurements resulting in a quenching of the emission from the triphenylene moieties. Simultaneously, another quenching process that affects the emission from both donor and acceptor units is observed. Solution ultrafast transient absorption measurements provide evidence of photo-induced charge transfer from either the donor or the acceptor depending upon the excitation. Overall, the analysis of the detailed time-resolved spectroscopic measurements carried out in the dyad and triad systems as well as in the triphenylene and perylene diimide units alone provides useful information both to better understand the relations between energy and charge transfer processes with molecular structures, and for the design of future functional dyad and triad architectures based on donor and acceptor moieties for organic optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Lee
- Department of Physics, CNRS-Ewha International Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - J H Woo
- Department of Physics, CNRS-Ewha International Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea and Center for Length, Division of Physical Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-340, South Korea
| | - E Kim
- Department of Physics, CNRS-Ewha International Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Y Xiao
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Chimie des Polymères, UMR CNRS 8232, Sorbonne Universités - Université Pierre and Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, Paris, France
| | - X Su
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Chimie des Polymères, UMR CNRS 8232, Sorbonne Universités - Université Pierre and Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, Paris, France
| | - L M Mazur
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Chimie des Polymères, UMR CNRS 8232, Sorbonne Universités - Université Pierre and Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, Paris, France and Advanced Materials Engineering and Modelling Group, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - A-J Attias
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Chimie des Polymères, UMR CNRS 8232, Sorbonne Universités - Université Pierre and Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, Paris, France
| | - F Fages
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CINaM UMR 7325, Campus de Luminy, Case 913, 13288 Marseille, France.
| | - O Cregut
- CNRS-IPCMS, Université de Strasbourg, 23 Rue du Loess, Strasbourg, France
| | - A Barsella
- CNRS-IPCMS, Université de Strasbourg, 23 Rue du Loess, Strasbourg, France
| | - F Mathevet
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Chimie des Polymères, UMR CNRS 8232, Sorbonne Universités - Université Pierre and Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, Paris, France
| | - L Mager
- CNRS-IPCMS, Université de Strasbourg, 23 Rue du Loess, Strasbourg, France
| | - J W Wu
- Department of Physics, CNRS-Ewha International Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - A D'Aléo
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CINaM UMR 7325, Campus de Luminy, Case 913, 13288 Marseille, France.
| | - J-C Ribierre
- Department of Physics, CNRS-Ewha International Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
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Hwang JE, Jang DS, Lee KJ, Ahn JW, Kim SH, Kang SY, Kim DS, Kim JB. Identification of gamma ray irradiation-induced mutations in membrane transport genes in a rice population by TILLING. Genes Genet Syst 2016; 91:245-256. [PMID: 27582185 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.15-00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A high-salt environment represents environmental stress for most plants. Those that can grow and thrive in such an environment must have membrane transport systems that can respond effectively. Plant roots absorb Na+ from the soil, and the plant must maintain Na+ homeostasis to survive salt stress. A major mechanism by which salt-tolerant plants adapt to salt stress is through modulation of ion transport genes. We have subjected a population of rice plants to mutagenesis, and identified lines with both single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in membrane transport genes and altered responses to salt stress. Primers labeled with FAM or HEX fluorescent dyes were designed for nine target genes encoding membrane transport proteins that are believed to regulate salt stress tolerance. A TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genome) assay was performed on 2,961 M2 rice mutant lines using electrophoresis. After the TILLING assay, a total of 41 mutant lines containing SNPs in the target genes were identified and screened. The average number of mutations per gene was 1/492 kb in lines having SNPs, and the percentage of mutation sites per total sequence was 0.67. Among the 41 lines, nine had altered sequences in the exon region of the genes. Of these nine lines, seven were tolerant to salt stress after exposure to 170 mM NaCl for three weeks, while the other two lines were not more salt-tolerant than the control lines. Furthermore, five mutant lines containing SNPs in the coding region of OsAKT1, OsHKT6, OsNSCC2, OsHAK11 and OsSOS1 showed changed expression levels for each gene. We conclude that variation in membrane transport genes, such as expression levels and protein structures, may affect the rice plant's tolerance to salt stress. These mutations represent traits that may be selected for large rice mutant populations, permitting efficient acquisition of salt-tolerant lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Eun Hwang
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI)
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Lee KJ, Lee GA, Ma KH, Raveendar S, Cho YH, Lee JR, Chung JW. Chemical Constitutions and Antioxidant Activities of Tomato Leaf Extracts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.9787/pbb.2016.4.3.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Lee KJ, Kim DS, Kim JB, Jo SH, Kang SY, Choi HI, Ha BK. Identification of candidate genes for an early-maturing soybean mutant by genome resequencing analysis. Mol Genet Genomics 2016; 291:1561-71. [PMID: 27033554 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-016-1183-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Flowering is indicative of the transition from vegetative to reproductive phase, a critical event in the life cycle of plants. In this study, we performed whole genome resequencing by Illumina HiSeq to identify changes in flowering genes using an early-flowering phenotype of soybean mutant line Josaengserori (JS) derived from Korean landrace, Seoritae (SR), and we obtained mapped reads of 131,769,690 and 167,669,640 bp in JS and SR, respectively. From the whole genome sequencing results between JS and SR, we identified 332,821 polymorphic SNPs and 65,178 indels, respectively. Among these, 30 flowering genes were in SNPs and 25 were in indels. Among 30 flowering genes detected in SNPs, Glyma02g33040, Glyma06g22650, Glyma10g36600, Glyma13g01290, Glyma14g10530, Glyma16g01980, Glyma17g11040, Glyma18g53690, and Glyma20g29300 were non-synonymous substitutions between JS and SR. Changes in Glyma10g36600 (GI), Glya02g33040 (AGL18), Glyma17g11040 (TOC1), and Glyma14g10530 (ELF3) in JS affected the expression of GmFT2a and resulted in early flowering. These results provide insight into the regulatory pathways of flowering in soybean mutants and help to improve our knowledge of soybean mutation breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Jun Lee
- Radiation Breeding Research Team, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 580-185, Republic of Korea
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, NAAS, RDA, Jeonju, 560-500, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Sub Kim
- Radiation Breeding Research Team, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Baek Kim
- Radiation Breeding Research Team, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 580-185, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Hwan Jo
- Seeders Inc., Daejeon, 305-509, Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Yong Kang
- Radiation Breeding Research Team, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Il Choi
- Radiation Breeding Research Team, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Keun Ha
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea.
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Jung JY, Woo SM, Kim WJ, Lee BN, Nör JE, Min KS, Choi CH, Koh JT, Lee KJ, Hwang YC. Simvastatin inhibits the expression of inflammatory cytokines and cell adhesion molecules induced by LPS in human dental pulp cells. Int Endod J 2016; 50:377-386. [PMID: 27003335 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of simvastatin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated inflammatory cytokines, cell adhesion molecules and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription factors in human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). METHODOLOGY The effect of LPS and simvastatin on human dental pulp cell (HDPCs) viability was measured using a 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The expression of inflammatory cytokines and cell adhesion molecules was evaluated by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot analysis. NF-κB transcription factors were evaluated by Western blot analysis. Statistical analysis was performed with analysis of variance (anova). RESULTS The viability of cells exposed to different concentrations of E. coli LPS, P. gingivalis LPS and simvastatin was not significantly different compared with that of control cells (P > 0.05). LPS significantly increased interleukin (IL)-1β (P < 0.05) and IL-6 mRNA expression (P < 0.05) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) (P < 0.05) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) protein expression (P < 0.05) in HDPCs. Treatment with simvastatin significantly attenuated LPS-stimulated production of IL-1β, IL-6, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 (P < 0.05). Treatment with simvastatin decreased LPS-induced expression of p65 and phosphorylation of IκB and also significantly decreased the phosphorylation of p65 and IκB in the cytoplasm and the level of p65 in the nucleus (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Simvastatin has a suppressing effect on LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine, cell adhesion molecules and NF-κB transcription factors in HDPCs. Therefore, simvastatin might be a useful candidate as a pulp-capping agent in vital pulp therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Jung
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - S M Woo
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - W J Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.,Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - B N Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - J E Nör
- Angiogenesis Research Laboratory, Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - K S Min
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - C H Choi
- Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - J T Koh
- Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - K J Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y C Hwang
- Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.,Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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Lee S, Duffy DL, McClenahan P, Lee KJ, McEniery E, Burke B, Jagirdar K, Martin NG, Sturm RA, Soyer HP, Schaider H. Heritability of naevus patterns in an adult twin cohort from the Brisbane Twin Registry: a cross-sectional study. Br J Dermatol 2016; 174:356-63. [PMID: 26871925 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heritability of naevi counts is widely acknowledged as a potential surveillance parameter for prevention purposes. The contribution of heritability to the changes seen in naevus number and morphology over time and their corresponding dermoscopic characteristics is unknown, but is important to understand in order to account for adequate prevention measures. OBJECTIVES To identify naevus characteristics that are strongly influenced by heritability. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 220 individuals [76 monozygotic (MZ), 144 dizygotic (DZ)], recruited from the Brisbane Twin Naevus Study. Participants received full body imaging and dermoscopy of naevi ≥ 5 mm in diameter. Dermoscopic type, total naevus count (TNC), change in TNC with age, and naevus distribution, size, colour and profile were compared between MZ and DZ twins. Heritability of these traits was assessed via Falconer's estimate. RESULTS Significant differences were found in comparing MZ and DZ twins for TNC, numbers of naevi 5·0-7·9 mm in diameter, counts of light-brown naevi, naevi on the back and sun-protected sites, and naevi with the 'nonspecific' dermoscopic pattern. CONCLUSIONS This study strongly supports a heritable component to TNC, as well as changes in TNC, and the number of medium-sized naevi, light-brown naevi, specific sites and certain dermoscopic features in adults. These characteristics should be taken into account by naevus surveillance programmes and further studied to identify candidate gene associations for clinical and dermoscopic patterns in conjunction with melanoma risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lee
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - D L Duffy
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - P McClenahan
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - K J Lee
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - E McEniery
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - B Burke
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - K Jagirdar
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - N G Martin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - R A Sturm
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - H P Soyer
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Dermatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - H Schaider
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
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48
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Queenan BN, Lee KJ, Tan H, Huganir RL, Vicini S, Pak DTS. Mapping homeostatic synaptic plasticity using cable properties of dendrites. Neuroscience 2015; 315:206-16. [PMID: 26701298 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
When chronically silenced, cortical and hippocampal neurons homeostatically upregulate excitatory synaptic function. However, the subcellular position of such changes on the dendritic tree is not clear. We exploited the cable-filtering properties of dendrites to derive a parameter, the dendritic filtering index (DFI), to map the spatial distribution of synaptic currents. Our analysis indicates that young rat cortical neurons globally scale AMPA receptor-mediated currents, while mature hippocampal neurons do not, revealing distinct homeostatic strategies between brain regions and developmental stages. The DFI presents a useful tool for mapping the dendritic origin of synaptic currents and the location of synaptic plasticity changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B N Queenan
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States; Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States; Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - K J Lee
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States; Research Division, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - H Tan
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - R L Huganir
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - S Vicini
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States; Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - D T S Pak
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States; Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States.
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49
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Westrupp EM, Northam E, Lee KJ, Scratch SE, Cameron F. Reducing and preventing internalizing and externalizing behavior problems in children with type 1 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial of the Triple P-Positive Parenting Program. Pediatr Diabetes 2015; 16:554-63. [PMID: 25168676 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with type 1 diabetes are at increased risk of mental health problems, which in turn are associated with poor glycemic control, diabetes-related complications, and long-term psychiatric morbidity. We tested the efficacy of the Triple P-Positive Parenting Program in reducing or preventing mental health problems and improving glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes in a randomized controlled trial. METHODS Participants were recruited from the Diabetes Clinic, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia, and randomized to Triple P or standard diabetes care. The primary outcome was child internalizing and externalizing behavior problems 3 and 12 months postrandomization. Secondary outcomes were glycemic control, parent mental health, parenting skills, and family functioning at 3 and 12 months, and glycemic control at 24 months. RESULTS A total of 76 participants were randomized (38 to intervention and 38 to control), 60 completed 3-month, and 57 completed 12-month assessments. Benefits of Triple P were evident at 3 months for parent mental health, parenting skills, and family functioning (p < 0.05), but not for child mental health or glycemic control, with little effect at 12 months. Prespecified subgroup analyses for children with pre-existing internalizing or externalizing behavior problems indicated greater improvements in child mental health, parent mental health, parenting skills, and diabetes family conflict (p < 0.05), but lower parenting self-efficacy at 3 months. Improvements in parent mental health and parenting competency associated with Triple P were sustained to 12 months for children with pre-existing mental health problems. CONCLUSIONS This study provides some support for the efficacy of Triple P in improving parent and family outcomes, and reducing child internalizing and externalizing behavior problems primarily in children who have pre-existing mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Westrupp
- Cell Biology, Development & Disease, Centre for Hormone Research, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - E Northam
- Cell Biology, Development & Disease, Centre for Hormone Research, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Psychology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K J Lee
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S E Scratch
- Cell Biology, Development & Disease, Centre for Hormone Research, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - F Cameron
- Cell Biology, Development & Disease, Centre for Hormone Research, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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50
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Tran HT, Doyle LW, Lee KJ, Dang NM, Graham SM. A high burden of late-onset sepsis among newborns admitted to the largest neonatal unit in central Vietnam. J Perinatol 2015; 35:846-51. [PMID: 26156065 DOI: 10.1038/jp.2015.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence, causes and outcome of sepsis in hospitalized neonates in the largest neonatal unit in central Vietnam. STUDY DESIGN A 1-year prospective cohort study of newborns admitted to the neonatal unit in Da Nang. A sepsis work-up including blood culture was undertaken before commencing antibiotics for neonates with suspected sepsis. RESULT Of 2555 neonatal admissions, 616 neonates had 729 episodes of suspected invasive sepsis. A pathogen was isolated from blood in 115 (16%) episodes in 106 neonates. The prevalence of early-onset sepsis (EOS) was 8 (95% confidence interval (CI): 4 to 11) per 1000 admissions, and of late-onset sepsis (LOS) was 34 (95% CI: 27 to 41) per 1000 admissions. Of 86 neonates with LOS, 69 (80%) also fulfilled the criteria for nosocomial sepsis. The commonest bacterial causes of EOS were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) and Staphylococcus aureus, and of LOS were Acinetobacter, CoNS and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Fungal sepsis occurred in 35 neonates of which most were nosocomial sepsis. In vitro resistance to multiple antibiotics was common among Gram-negative bacteria. Antibiotics were prescribed and given to 68% of all admissions, and 14% of all admissions received four or more different antibiotics. The case fatality rate for confirmed sepsis was 46%. CONCLUSION Late-onset, nosocomial sepsis was common and associated with a high mortality in hospitalized newborns in the largest neonatal unit in central Vietnam. These findings highlighted the need for improved infection control measures and antibiotic stewardship, which have since been implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- H T Tran
- Neonatal Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Da Nang Hospital for Women and Children, Da Nang, Vietnam.,Centre for International Child Health, University of Melbourne Department of Paediatrics and Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - L W Doyle
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - K J Lee
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - N M Dang
- Neonatal Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Da Nang Hospital for Women and Children, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - S M Graham
- Centre for International Child Health, University of Melbourne Department of Paediatrics and Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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