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Rodionov R, Kumpilov D, Nemtcev G, Bertalot L, Vysokih J. Calculation of DD and DT neutron contribution matrix for ITER vertical neutron camera detectors. Fusion Engineering and Design 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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2
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Rodionov R, Nemtcev G, Barnsley R, Bertalot L, Khafizov R. Optimization of the ITER vertical neutron camera detectors and collimators. Fusion Engineering and Design 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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3
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Kovalev AO, Polevoi AR, Polunovskiy EI, Bertalot L, Kashchuk YA, Portnov DV, Loarte A, Loughlin M, Pinches SD. Simulations of Fusion Power Measurements by Monitors of Neutron Flux in Evolving ITER Plasma. J Fusion Energ 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10894-020-00232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Guirao J, Walsh M, Udintsev V, Iglesias S, Giacomin T, Bertalot L, Shigin P, Kochergin M, Alexandrov E, Zvonkov A, Ivantsivskiy M, Fang T, Hu Q, Rodríguez E, Ordieres J, Juarez R, Blanchard A. Standardized integration of ITER diagnostics Equatorial Port Plugs. Fusion Engineering and Design 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2019.02.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Rebai M, Bertalot L, Brichard B, Brolatti G, Croci G, Esposito B, Fernandes A, Giacomelli L, Gorini G, Krasilnikov V, Lengar I, Marocco D, Muraro A, Nocente M, Pereira RC, Perelli Cippo E, Rigamonti D, Rzadkiewicz J, Sousa J, Tardocchi M. Design of gamma-ray spectrometers optimized for fast particle studies at ITER. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:10I126. [PMID: 30399810 DOI: 10.1063/1.5038963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A set of gamma ray spectrometers has been designed for ITER within the Radial Gamma Ray Spectrometer (RGRS) project. The aim of this project is designing a system, integrated with the ITER radial neutron camera, which is able to measure the gamma-rays emitted from the plasma with a good energy resolution (about 1.5% at 4.44 MeV) and at high counting rates (in excess of 1 MHz). The RGRS will be able to operate both in the D phase and in the full-power DT phase and will measure gamma rays from (i) reactions between fast ions, such as α particles, and light impurities and (ii) bremsstrahlung emission generated by runaway electron interactions with both plasma bulk and tokamak walls. The RGRS detectors are arranged in nine lines of sights (able to cover a radial region with r < a/3), each featuring a large LaBr3 scintillator crystal. Due to the high neutron flux and magnetic field, several solutions have been adopted to guarantee a good signal to background ratio and MHz counting rate capabilities. The RGRS is capable to combine space and energy distribution measurements of α particles and runaway electrons, which will help the study of the fast particle physics in a burning plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rebai
- Istituto di Fisica del Plasma, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy
| | - L Bertalot
- ITER Organization, Saint Paul Lez Durance Cedex, France
| | | | - G Brolatti
- ENEA C. R. Frascati, Dipartimento FSN, Frascati, Italy
| | - G Croci
- Dipartimento di Fisica "G. Occhialini," Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - B Esposito
- ENEA C. R. Frascati, Dipartimento FSN, Frascati, Italy
| | - A Fernandes
- Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L Giacomelli
- Istituto di Fisica del Plasma, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy
| | - G Gorini
- Istituto di Fisica del Plasma, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy
| | - V Krasilnikov
- ITER Organization, Saint Paul Lez Durance Cedex, France
| | - I Lengar
- Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - D Marocco
- ENEA C. R. Frascati, Dipartimento FSN, Frascati, Italy
| | - A Muraro
- Istituto di Fisica del Plasma, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy
| | - M Nocente
- Dipartimento di Fisica "G. Occhialini," Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - R C Pereira
- Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - E Perelli Cippo
- Istituto di Fisica del Plasma, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy
| | - D Rigamonti
- Istituto di Fisica del Plasma, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy
| | - J Rzadkiewicz
- National Center for Nuclear Research, NCBJ, Swierk, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Sousa
- Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Tardocchi
- Istituto di Fisica del Plasma, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy
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Sjöstrand H, Sundén EA, Bertalot L, Conroy S, Ericsson G, Johnson MG, Giacomelli L, Gorini G, Hellesen C, Hjalmarsson A, Källne J, Popovichev S, Ronchi E, Weiszflog M, Tardocchi M. Fusion Power Measurement Using a Combined Neutron Spectrometer-Camera System at JET. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst10-a9370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Sjöstrand
- Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Division of Applied Nuclear Physics, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden (EURATOM-VR Association)
| | - E. Andersson Sundén
- Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Division of Applied Nuclear Physics, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden (EURATOM-VR Association)
| | - L. Bertalot
- ITER Diagnostic Division, ITER, Cadarache Centre, 13108 St. Paul lez Durance, France
| | - S. Conroy
- Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Division of Applied Nuclear Physics, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden (EURATOM-VR Association)
| | - G. Ericsson
- Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Division of Applied Nuclear Physics, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden (EURATOM-VR Association)
| | - M. Gatu Johnson
- Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Division of Applied Nuclear Physics, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden (EURATOM-VR Association)
| | - L. Giacomelli
- Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Division of Applied Nuclear Physics, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden (EURATOM-VR Association)
| | - G. Gorini
- Physics Department, Milano-Bicocca University, and Istituto di Fisica del Plasma del CNR, Milan, Italy (EURATOM-ENEA-CNR Association)
| | - C. Hellesen
- Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Division of Applied Nuclear Physics, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden (EURATOM-VR Association)
| | - A. Hjalmarsson
- Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Division of Applied Nuclear Physics, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden (EURATOM-VR Association)
| | - J. Källne
- JET-EFDA, Culham Science Centre, OX14 3DB, Abingdon, United Kingdom
| | - S. Popovichev
- EURATOM0UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, United Kingdom
| | - E. Ronchi
- JET-EFDA, Culham Science Centre, OX14 3DB, Abingdon, United Kingdom
| | - M. Weiszflog
- Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Division of Applied Nuclear Physics, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden (EURATOM-VR Association)
| | - M. Tardocchi
- Physics Department, Milano-Bicocca University, and Istituto di Fisica del Plasma del CNR, Milan, Italy (EURATOM-ENEA-CNR Association)
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Veshchev EA, Bertalot L, Putvinski S, Garcia-Munoz M, Lisgo SW, Pitcher CS, Pitts RA, Udintsev VS, Walsh M. Feasibility Study of Lost-Alpha-Particle Measurements by Probe Technique in ITER. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst12-a13385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. A. Veshchev
- ITER Organization CS 90 046, 13067 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - L. Bertalot
- ITER Organization CS 90 046, 13067 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - S. Putvinski
- ITER Organization CS 90 046, 13067 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - M. Garcia-Munoz
- Max-Planck-Institut fuer Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association, Boltzmannstr. 2, Garching, D-85748, Germany
| | - S. W. Lisgo
- ITER Organization CS 90 046, 13067 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - C. S. Pitcher
- ITER Organization CS 90 046, 13067 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - R. A. Pitts
- ITER Organization CS 90 046, 13067 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - V. S. Udintsev
- ITER Organization CS 90 046, 13067 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - M. Walsh
- ITER Organization CS 90 046, 13067 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Krasilnikov
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 St Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - L. Bertalot
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 St Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - R. Barnsley
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 St Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - M. Walsh
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 St Paul Lez Durance, France
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Garcia-Munoz M, Kocan M, Ayllon-Guerola J, Bertalot L, Bonnet Y, Casal N, Galdon J, Garcia Lopez J, Giacomin T, Gonzalez-Martin J, Gunn JP, Jimenez-Ramos MC, Kiptily V, Pinches SD, Rodriguez-Ramos M, Reichle R, Rivero-Rodriguez JF, Sanchis-Sanchez L, Snicker A, Vayakis G, Veshchev E, Vorpahl C, Walsh M, Walton R. Conceptual design of the ITER fast-ion loss detector. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11D829. [PMID: 27910499 DOI: 10.1063/1.4961295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A conceptual design of a reciprocating fast-ion loss detector for ITER has been developed and is presented here. Fast-ion orbit simulations in a 3D magnetic equilibrium and up-to-date first wall have been carried out to revise the measurement requirements for the lost alpha monitor in ITER. In agreement with recent observations, the simulations presented here suggest that a pitch-angle resolution of ∼5° might be necessary to identify the loss mechanisms. Synthetic measurements including realistic lost alpha-particle as well as neutron and gamma fluxes predict scintillator signal-to-noise levels measurable with standard light acquisition systems with the detector aperture at ∼11 cm outside of the diagnostic first wall. At measurement position, heat load on detector head is comparable to that in present devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Garcia-Munoz
- Department of Atomic, Molecular and Nuclear Physics, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - M Kocan
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 Saint Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - J Ayllon-Guerola
- Department of Atomic, Molecular and Nuclear Physics, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - L Bertalot
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 Saint Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - Y Bonnet
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 Saint Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - N Casal
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 Saint Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - J Galdon
- Department of Atomic, Molecular and Nuclear Physics, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - J Garcia Lopez
- Department of Atomic, Molecular and Nuclear Physics, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - T Giacomin
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 Saint Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - J Gonzalez-Martin
- Department of Atomic, Molecular and Nuclear Physics, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - J P Gunn
- CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - M C Jimenez-Ramos
- Department of Atomic, Molecular and Nuclear Physics, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - V Kiptily
- CCFE, Abingdon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - S D Pinches
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 Saint Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - M Rodriguez-Ramos
- Department of Atomic, Molecular and Nuclear Physics, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - R Reichle
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 Saint Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - J F Rivero-Rodriguez
- Department of Atomic, Molecular and Nuclear Physics, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - L Sanchis-Sanchez
- Department of Atomic, Molecular and Nuclear Physics, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - A Snicker
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Garching, Germany
| | - G Vayakis
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 Saint Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - E Veshchev
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 Saint Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - Ch Vorpahl
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 Saint Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - M Walsh
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 Saint Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - R Walton
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 Saint Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
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Catalan J, Suarez A, Bertalot L, Giacomin T, Sanz J, Udintsev V, Walsh M. Neutronics in support of the Bioshield Plug design of equatorial port 12 for ITER. Fusion Engineering and Design 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Lee Y, Dang JJ, Jo J, Chung KJ, Hwang Y, Cheon M, Lee H, Bertalot L. Preliminary study on capsule material for ITER neutron activation system. Fusion Engineering and Design 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2014.04.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Patel K, Udintsev V, Hughes S, Walker C, Andrew P, Barnsley R, Bertalot L, Drevon J, Encheva A, Kashchuk Y, Maquet P, Pearce R, Taylor N, Vayakis G, Walsh M. ITER diagnostic system: Vacuum interface. Fusion Engineering and Design 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2013.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Pitcher CS, Barnsley R, Bertalot L, Encheva A, Feder R, Friconneau J, Hu Q, Levesy B, Loesser GD, Lyublin B, Macklin B, Martins J, Padasalagi S, Pak S, Reichle R, Sato K, Serikov A, Seyvet F, Suarez A, Udintsev V, Vayakis G, Veshchev E, Walker C, Walsh M, Watts C, Zhai Y. Port-Based Plasma Diagnostic Infrastructure on ITER. Fusion Science and Technology 2013. [DOI: 10.13182/fst13-a18065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. S. Pitcher
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - R. Barnsley
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - L. Bertalot
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - A. Encheva
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - R. Feder
- Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - J.P. Friconneau
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - Q. Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - B. Levesy
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | | | | | - B. Macklin
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - J.P. Martins
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - S. Padasalagi
- Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - S. Pak
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon, Korea
| | - R. Reichle
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - K. Sato
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - A. Serikov
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | | | | | - V. Udintsev
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - G. Vayakis
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - E. Veshchev
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - C. Walker
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - M. Walsh
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - C. Watts
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - Y. Zhai
- Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Princeton, NJ, USA
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Lacoste V, Bertalot L, Gressier V. Monte-Carlo calculations of the activation of the accelerator target holder and shadow cone during the calibration of the ITER diagnostic devices with monoenergetic neutrons. RADIAT MEAS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2012.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Cheon MS, Seon CR, Pak S, Lee HG, Bertalot L. Development of the prototype pneumatic transfer system for ITER neutron activation system. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:10D303. [PMID: 23126830 DOI: 10.1063/1.4729673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The neutron activation system (NAS) measures neutron fluence at the first wall and the total neutron flux from the ITER plasma, providing evaluation of the fusion power for all operational phases. The pneumatic transfer system (PTS) is one of the key components of the NAS for the proper operation of the system, playing a role of transferring encapsulated samples between the capsule loading machine, irradiation stations, counting stations, and disposal bin. For the validation and the optimization of the design, a prototype of the PTS was developed and capsule transfer tests were performed with the developed system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Cheon
- ITER Korea, National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon 305-333, Korea.
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Ishikawa M, Kawano Y, Imazawa R, Sato S, Vayakis G, Bertalot L, Yatsuka E, Hatae T, Kondoh T, Kusama Y. Neutronic analysis of the ITER poloidal polarimeter. Fusion Engineering and Design 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
Accuracy of 10% is demanded to the absolute fusion measurement on ITER. To achieve this accuracy, a functional combination of several types of neutron measurement subsystem, cross calibration among them, and in situ calibration are needed. Neutron transport calculation shows the suitable calibration source is a DT/DD neutron generator of source strength higher than 10(10) n/s (neutron/second) for DT and 10(8) n/s for DD. It will take eight weeks at the minimum with this source to calibrate flux monitors, profile monitors, and the activation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sasao
- Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
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Encheva A, Bertalot L, Macklin B, Vayakis G, Walker C. Integration of ITER in-vessel diagnostic components in the vacuum vessel. Fusion Engineering and Design 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2008.12.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bourgade JL, Costley AE, Reichle R, Hodgson ER, Hsing W, Glebov V, Decreton M, Leeper R, Leray JL, Dentan M, Hutter T, Moroño A, Eder D, Shmayda W, Brichard B, Baggio J, Bertalot L, Vayakis G, Moran M, Sangster TC, Vermeeren L, Stoeckl C, Girard S, Pien G. Diagnostic components in harsh radiation environments: possible overlap in R&D requirements of inertial confinement and magnetic fusion systems. Rev Sci Instrum 2008; 79:10F304. [PMID: 19044617 DOI: 10.1063/1.2972024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The next generation of large scale fusion devices--ITER/LMJ/NIF--will require diagnostic components to operate in environments far more severe than those encountered in present facilities. This harsh environment is the result of high fluxes of neutrons, gamma rays, energetic ions, electromagnetic radiation, and in some cases, debris and shrapnel, at levels several orders of magnitude higher than those experienced in today's devices. The similarities and dissimilarities between environmental effects on diagnostic components for the inertial confinement and magnetic confinement fusion fields have been assessed. Areas in which considerable overlap have been identified are optical transmission materials and optical fibers in particular, neutron detection systems and electronics needs. Although both fields extensively use cables in the hostile environment, there is little overlap because the environments and requirements are very different.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Bourgade
- CEA/DAM Ile de France, Bruyères le Châtel, 91297 Arpajon Cedex, France
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Abstract
A neutron activation system utilizing an encapsulated metal sample technique will be implemented to evaluate total fusion power from ITER plasma. The positions of seven irradiation ends for each poloidal section are determined to optimize the measurements from asymmetric, elongated plasma with minimum uncertainty. To determine the exact location of the irradiation end, some physical and technical aspects for each location are investigated. Monte Carlo neutronic calculations are performed to assess the physical characteristics and optimize the design of each irradiation end.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Cheon
- National Fusion Research Institute, Yuseong-gu, Deajeon 305-333, Republic of Korea
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Bertalot L, Esposito B, Kaschuck Y, Marocco D, Riva M, Rizzo A, Skopintsev D. Fast digitizing techniques applied to scintillation detectors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2004.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Jones TTC, Brennan D, Pearce RJH, Stork D, Zastrow KD, Balshaw N, Bell AC, Bertalot L, Boyer H, Butcher PR, Challis CD, Ciric D, Clarke R, Conroy S, Darke AC, Davies N, Edlington T, Ericsson G, Gibbons C, Hackett LJ, Haupt T, Hitchin M, Kaye AS, King R, Kiptily VG, Knipe S, Lawrence G, Lobel R, Mason A, Morgan PD, Patel B, Popovichev S, Stamp M, Surrey E, Terrington A, Worth L, Young D. Technical and Scientific Aspects of the JET Trace-Tritium Experimental Campaign. Fusion Science and Technology 2005. [DOI: 10.13182/fst05-a922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T T C Jones
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - D Brennan
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - R J H Pearce
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - D Stork
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - K-D Zastrow
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - N Balshaw
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - A C Bell
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - L Bertalot
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
- Associazione EURATOM/ENEA sulla Fusione, Frascati, Italy
| | - H Boyer
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - P R Butcher
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - C D Challis
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - D Ciric
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - R Clarke
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - S Conroy
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
- EURATOM/VR Association, INF, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - A C Darke
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - N Davies
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - T Edlington
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - G Ericsson
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
- EURATOM/VR Association, INF, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - C Gibbons
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - L J Hackett
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - T Haupt
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - M Hitchin
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - A S Kaye
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - R King
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - V G Kiptily
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - S Knipe
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - G Lawrence
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - R Lobel
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - A Mason
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - P D Morgan
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - B Patel
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - S Popovichev
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - M Stamp
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - E Surrey
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - A Terrington
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - L Worth
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
| | - D Young
- EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB UK
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23
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Kiptily VG, Baranov YF, Barnsley R, Bertalot L, Hawkes NC, Murari A, Popovichev S, Sharapov SE, Stork D, Yavorskij V. First gamma-ray measurements of fusion alpha particles in JET trace tritium experiments. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 93:115001. [PMID: 15447347 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.115001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Gamma-ray spectra from nuclear reactions between fusion-born alpha (alpha) particles and Be impurities were measured for the first time in deuterium-tritium plasmas in the Joint European Torus. The time dependence of the measured spectra allowed the determination of the density evolution of fast alpha particles. Correlation between the decay time of the gamma-ray emission and the plasma parameters in different plasma scenarios was established. Results are consistent with classical slowing down of the alpha particles in discharges with high plasma currents and monotonic q-profiles. In low plasma current discharges and in the discharges with large on-axis current holes (extreme reversal central magnetic shear), the gamma-ray emission decay times are shorter than the classical slowing down times, indicating an alpha-particle confinement degradation in such discharges in line with theoretical predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- V G Kiptily
- Euratom/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
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24
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Mantsinen MJ, Ingesson LC, Johnson T, Kiptily VG, Mayoral ML, Sharapov SE, Alper B, Bertalot L, Conroy S, Eriksson LG, Hellsten T, Noterdaeme JM, Popovichev S, Righi E, Tuccillo AA. Controlling the profile of ion-cyclotron-resonant ions in JET with the wave-induced pinch effect. Phys Rev Lett 2002; 89:115004. [PMID: 12225145 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.89.115004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2002] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Experiments on the JET tokamak show that the wave-induced pinch in the presence of toroidally asymmetric waves can provide a tool for controlling the profile of ion-cyclotron-resonant 3He ions. Direct evidence for the wave-induced pinch has been obtained from the measured gamma-ray emission profiles. Concurrent differences in the excitation of Alfvén eigenmodes (AEs), sawtooth stabilization, electron temperatures, and fast-ion stored energies are observed. The measured location of the AEs and gamma-ray emission profiles are consistent with the fast-ion radial gradient providing the drive for AEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Mantsinen
- Association Euratom-Tekes, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland
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25
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Cirant S, Airoldi A, Bertalot L, Bruschi A, Bracco G, Buratti P, Cenacchi G, Esposito B, Granucci G, Kroegler H, Lazzaro E, Nowak S, Ramponi G, Sozzi C, Tudisco O, Zerbini M, Group IFP, Team FTU. ECRH at high heating power density in FTU tokamak. Fusion Engineering and Design 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(00)00509-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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26
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Esposito B, Bertalot L, Maruccia G, Petrizzi L, Bignan G, Blandin C, Chauffriat S, Lebrun A, Recroix H, Trapp J, Kaschuck Y. Results from the CDE phase activity on neutron dosimetry for the international fusion materials irradiation facility test cell. Fusion Engineering and Design 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(00)00341-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Lazzaro E, Airoldi A, Bruschi A, Buratti P, Cirant S, Coelho R, Granucci G, Nowak S, Ramponi G, Simonetto A, Sozzi C, Tudisco O, Bracco G, Crisanti F, Alladio F, Angelini B, Apicella ML, Apruzzese G, Barbato E, Bertalot L, Bertocchi A, Borra M, Buceti G, Cardinali A, Cascino S, Centioli C. Dynamics of tearing modes during strong electron cyclotron heating on the FTU tokamak. Phys Rev Lett 2000; 84:6038-6041. [PMID: 10991118 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.6038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The localized electron cyclotron resonance heating power that can suppress sawteeth reconnection often drives m = 2 tearing modes in a tokamak operating at constant current. The dynamics of mode onset and coupled mode evolution is described in detail and compared with a nonlinear theoretical model that identifies the effects of mode coupling, finite inertia of the rotating islands, and wall braking.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lazzaro
- I.F.P.CNR, Assoc. EURATOM-ENEA-CNR, Via Cozzi 53, 20125 Milan, Italy
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