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Karra L, Radi R, Lyon C. Less Is More: Backing off Sliding Scale Insulin for Hospitalized Patients. J Am Board Fam Med 2024; 37:150-152. [PMID: 38448234 DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2023.230349r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
In hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), a less aggressive supplemental insulin regimen is noninferior to a standard, more aggressive, supplemental regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Karra
- From the Denver Health Hospital Authority, Denver, CO (LK, RR); University of Colorado FMR, Denver, CO (CL)
| | - Roxanne Radi
- From the Denver Health Hospital Authority, Denver, CO (LK, RR); University of Colorado FMR, Denver, CO (CL)
| | - Corey Lyon
- From the Denver Health Hospital Authority, Denver, CO (LK, RR); University of Colorado FMR, Denver, CO (CL)
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Karra L, Costello A, Trudeau BM, Khodaee M. Are Boosters Necessary If Adult Patients Do Not Achieve Seroconversion After 2 Doses of the MMR Vaccine? J Am Board Fam Med 2023; 36:jabfm.2022.220285R1. [PMID: 36593081 DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2022.220285r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) recommend 2 documented doses of the MMR (measles-mumps-rubella) vaccine for adequate measles, mumps, and rubella immunity for all children and most adults. Sometimes, individuals are asked to provide serologic proof of immunity to measles, mumps, and/or rubella for educational or employment purposes. In other instances, serologic testing may be used to help clarify whether an individual has immunity to measles, mumps, and/or rubella. These serologic tests may sometimes show negative or equivocal antibody titers to measles, mumps and/or rubella, raising the question of adequate immunity. This report provides practical guidance for clinicians on when to use serologic testing to determine measles, mumps, and rubella immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Karra
- From Faculty Development Fellow, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine. AF Williams Clinic, Denver, CO (LK); Faculty Development Fellow, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine. AF Williams Clinic, Denver, CO (AC); Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO (BMT); University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine. AF Williams Clinic, Denver, CO (MK)
| | - Allison Costello
- From Faculty Development Fellow, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine. AF Williams Clinic, Denver, CO (LK); Faculty Development Fellow, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine. AF Williams Clinic, Denver, CO (AC); Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO (BMT); University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine. AF Williams Clinic, Denver, CO (MK)
| | - Brooke M Trudeau
- From Faculty Development Fellow, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine. AF Williams Clinic, Denver, CO (LK); Faculty Development Fellow, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine. AF Williams Clinic, Denver, CO (AC); Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO (BMT); University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine. AF Williams Clinic, Denver, CO (MK)
| | - Morteza Khodaee
- From Faculty Development Fellow, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine. AF Williams Clinic, Denver, CO (LK); Faculty Development Fellow, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine. AF Williams Clinic, Denver, CO (AC); Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO (BMT); University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine. AF Williams Clinic, Denver, CO (MK).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melissa Johnson
- Undergraduate Medical Education Team for the University of Colorado Department of Family Medicine
| | - Cleveland Piggott
- University of Colorado Department of Family Medicine Department of Diversity and Health Equity, and University of Colorado Department of Family Medicine Undergraduate Medical Education Team
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Karra L, Haworth O, Priluck R, Levy BD, Levi-Schaffer F. Lipoxin B₄ promotes the resolution of allergic inflammation in the upper and lower airways of mice. Mucosal Immunol 2015; 8:852-62. [PMID: 25465102 PMCID: PMC4454640 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2014.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Chronic mucosal inflammation is the hallmark of important and common airway diseases, such as allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) is an endogenous pro-resolving mediator for mucosal inflammation that decreases allergic and asthmatic responses. Lipoxin B4 (LXB4) is a structurally distinct member of the lipoxin family that signals in a manner distinct from LXA4. LXB4 is generated by mucosal tissues, but its actions in allergic inflammation are unknown. Here, we used murine models of AR and asthma to investigate LXB4's activity in mucosal inflammation. In the upper airway, LXB4 significantly decreased nasal mucosal leukocytes and degranulation of mast cells (MCs) and eosinophils. In the lower airway, LXB4 significantly decreased airway inflammation, mucus metaplasia, and hyper-responsiveness. Inhibition of MC degranulation in vivo by LXB4 was more potent than dexamethasone, and these agents displayed unique profiles for cytokine regulation; however, their overall anti-inflammatory actions were comparable. LXB4 decreased eotaxin-dependent eosinophil chemotaxis, IgE-mediated MC degranulation, and expression of type 2 cytokine receptors. Together, these findings indicate that LXB4 carries cell type selective and mucosal protective actions that broaden the lipoxin family's therapeutic potential for upper and lower airway catabasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Karra
- Pharmacology Unit, The Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - O Haworth
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - R Priluck
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - B D Levy
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - F Levi-Schaffer
- Pharmacology Unit, The Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Nissim Ben Efraim AH, Karra L, Ben-Zimra M, Levi-Schaffer F. The inhibitory receptor CD300a is up-regulated by hypoxia and GM-CSF in human peripheral blood eosinophils. Allergy 2013; 68:397-401. [PMID: 23346884 DOI: 10.1111/all.12092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eosinophils are involved in several inflammatory processes including allergic inflammation. It has been shown that eosinophil functions may be regulated by activating or inhibitory receptors. Hypoxia is a feature of inflamed tissues and has recently been shown to regulate eosinophil viability and pro-angiogenic potential. In this study, the effect of hypoxia and GM-CSF on the inhibitory receptor CD300a in human peripheral blood eosinophils was investigated. METHODS CD300a expression on eosinophils was analyzed by flow cytometry and evaluated by immuno-fluorescence; mRNA levels were evaluated by RT-PCR. RESULTS An increase in the expression of CD300a was observed in hypoxic eosinophils compared to the normoxic ones. GM-CSF strongly induced CD300a increase also after 3 h in culture. In addition, hypoxia augmented mRNA levels of CD300a. Inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 abolished the hypoxia-/GM-CSF-induced CD300a increase. CONCLUSION CD300a expression is up-regulated by hypoxia, and GM-CSF where HIF-1 might play an important role. These results are important for the understanding of eosinophils behavior in inflamed tissue and suggest a new effect on their function in allergic inflammation. Taken together our data point out CD300a as a novel target for the treatment of allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. H. Nissim Ben Efraim
- Institute for Drug Research; School of Pharmacy; Faculty of Medicine; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem; Israel
| | - L. Karra
- Institute for Drug Research; School of Pharmacy; Faculty of Medicine; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem; Israel
| | - M. Ben-Zimra
- Institute for Drug Research; School of Pharmacy; Faculty of Medicine; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem; Israel
| | - F. Levi-Schaffer
- Institute for Drug Research; School of Pharmacy; Faculty of Medicine; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem; Israel
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Nissim Ben Efraim A, Karra L, Minai-Fleminger Y, Eliashar R, Levi-Schaffer F. Hypoxia Regulates Activation/Inhibitory Receptors on Eosinophils. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.12.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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