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Bezerra de Oliveira Filho G, Veríssimo de Oliveira Cardoso M, Caroline da Silva Santos A, Ramos Dos Santos TA, Cristovão-Silva AC, Rubio LG, da Silva Maia Neto L, Leite PG, Machado FS, Alves LC, Brayner FA, Alves Pereira VR, Lima Leite AC. Structural design, synthesis and anti-Trypanosoma cruzi profile of the second generation of 4-thiazolidinones chlorine derivatives. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 345:109514. [PMID: 34023282 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease causes more deaths in the Americas than any other parasitic disease. Initially confined to the American continent, it is increasingly becoming a global health problem. In fact, it is considered to be an "exotic" disease in Europe, being virtually undiagnosed. Benznidazole, the only drug approved for treatment, effectively treats acute-stage Chagas disease, but its effectiveness for treating indeterminate and chronic stages remains uncertain. Previously, our research group demonstrated that 4-thiazolidinones presented anti-T. cruzi activity including in the in vivo assays in mice, making this fragment appealing for drug development. The present work reports the synthesis and anti-T. cruzi activities of a novel series of 4-thiazolidinones derivatives that resulted in an increased anti-T. cruzi activity in comparison to thiosemicarbazones intermediates. Compounds 2c, 2e, and 3a showed potent inhibition of the trypomastigote form of the parasite at low cytotoxicity concentrations in mouse splenocytes. Besides, all the 2c, 2e, and 3a tested concentrations showed no cytotoxic activity on macrophages cell viability. When macrophages were submitted to T. cruzi infection and treated with 2c and 3a, compounds reduced the release of trypomastigote forms. Results also showed that the increased trypanocidal activity induced by 2c and 3a is independent of nitric oxide release. Flow cytometry assay showed that compound 2e was able to induce necrosis and apoptosis in trypomastigotes. Parasites treated with the compounds 2e, 3a, and 3c presented flagellum shortening, retraction and curvature of the parasite body, and extravasation of the internal content. Together, these data revealed a novel series of 4-thiazolidinones fragment-based compounds with potential effects against T. cruzi and lead-like characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aline Caroline da Silva Santos
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory of Immunopathology and Molecular Biology, IAM / FIOCRUZ, 50740-465, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Thiago André Ramos Dos Santos
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory of Immunopathology and Molecular Biology, IAM / FIOCRUZ, 50740-465, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Ana Catarina Cristovão-Silva
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory of Immunopathology and Molecular Biology, IAM / FIOCRUZ, 50740-465, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Laura González Rubio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Luiz da Silva Maia Neto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Paulo Gaio Leite
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Simão Machado
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Alves
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami-LIKA / UFPE, 50670-420, Recife, PE, Brazil; Department of Parasitology, Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Leishmaniasis, and Mutagenesis, IAM / FIOCRUZ, 50740-465, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Fabio André Brayner
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami-LIKA / UFPE, 50670-420, Recife, PE, Brazil; Department of Parasitology, Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Leishmaniasis, and Mutagenesis, IAM / FIOCRUZ, 50740-465, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Valéria Rêgo Alves Pereira
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory of Immunopathology and Molecular Biology, IAM / FIOCRUZ, 50740-465, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Lima Leite
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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