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Macek Jílková Z, Seigneurin A, Coppard C, Ouaguia L, Aspord C, Marche PN, Leroy V, Decaens T. Circulating IL-13 Is Associated with De Novo Development of HCC in HCV-Infected Patients Responding to Direct-Acting Antivirals. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123820. [PMID: 33352852 PMCID: PMC7766760 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are highly effective in targeting hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, but the incidence of HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains still high. In this study, we investigated a cohort of HCV-infected patients treated with DAAs who were followed up for 4 years after sustained virological response (SVR) achievement. Patients who developed de novo HCC following DAA treatment were compared to matched controls who did not develop HCC. These control patients were selected based on DAA treatment, sex, age, fibrosis status, and platelet counts. We evaluated serum levels of 30 immune mediators before, during, at the end of, and three months after DAA treatment using Luminex technology. We identified the immune factors associated with de novo HCC occurrence following DAA treatment. Specifically, interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 levels were significantly higher before start of the DAA treatment in the serum of patients who later developed HCC than in controls and stayed higher at each subsequent time point. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression revealed IL-13 as the only strong factor associated with HCC development in this cohort of HCV patients. The difference was observed already at baseline of DAA treatment, which confirms the existence of a specific immune profile in these patients who later develop HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Macek Jílková
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Research Center UGA/Inserm U 1209/CNRS 5309, 38700 Grenoble, France; (C.C.); (L.O.); (C.A.); (P.N.M.); (V.L.)
- Service d’Hépato-gastroentérologie, Pôle Digidune, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38043 Grenoble, France
- Correspondence: (Z.M.J.); (T.D.); Tel.: +33-4765-49417 (Z.M.J.); +33-4767-65441 (T.D.); Fax: +33-4767-65179 (T.D.)
| | - Arnaud Seigneurin
- University Grenoble Alpes, 38400 Saint-Martin-d’Hères, France;
- Service d’Evaluation Médicale, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38043 Grenoble, France
- TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Celine Coppard
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Research Center UGA/Inserm U 1209/CNRS 5309, 38700 Grenoble, France; (C.C.); (L.O.); (C.A.); (P.N.M.); (V.L.)
| | - Laurissa Ouaguia
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Research Center UGA/Inserm U 1209/CNRS 5309, 38700 Grenoble, France; (C.C.); (L.O.); (C.A.); (P.N.M.); (V.L.)
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Rhone-Alpes Auvergne, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Caroline Aspord
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Research Center UGA/Inserm U 1209/CNRS 5309, 38700 Grenoble, France; (C.C.); (L.O.); (C.A.); (P.N.M.); (V.L.)
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Rhone-Alpes Auvergne, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Patrice N. Marche
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Research Center UGA/Inserm U 1209/CNRS 5309, 38700 Grenoble, France; (C.C.); (L.O.); (C.A.); (P.N.M.); (V.L.)
| | - Vincent Leroy
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Research Center UGA/Inserm U 1209/CNRS 5309, 38700 Grenoble, France; (C.C.); (L.O.); (C.A.); (P.N.M.); (V.L.)
- Service d’Hépato-gastroentérologie, Pôle Digidune, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38043 Grenoble, France
- University Grenoble Alpes, 38400 Saint-Martin-d’Hères, France;
| | - Thomas Decaens
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Research Center UGA/Inserm U 1209/CNRS 5309, 38700 Grenoble, France; (C.C.); (L.O.); (C.A.); (P.N.M.); (V.L.)
- Service d’Hépato-gastroentérologie, Pôle Digidune, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38043 Grenoble, France
- University Grenoble Alpes, 38400 Saint-Martin-d’Hères, France;
- Correspondence: (Z.M.J.); (T.D.); Tel.: +33-4765-49417 (Z.M.J.); +33-4767-65441 (T.D.); Fax: +33-4767-65179 (T.D.)
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Ouaguia L, Dufeu-Duchesne T, Leroy V, Decaens T, Reiser JB, Sosa Cuevas E, Durantel D, Valladeau-Guilemond J, Bendriss-Vermare N, Chaperot L, Aspord C. Hepatitis B virus exploits C-type lectin receptors to hijack cDC1s, cDC2s and pDCs. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e1208. [PMID: 33312564 PMCID: PMC7723857 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives C‐type lectin receptors (CLRs) are key receptors used by DCs to orchestrate responses to pathogens. During infections, the glycan–lectin interactions shape the virus–host interplay and viruses can subvert the function of CLRs to escape antiviral immunity. Recognition of virus/viral components and uptake by CLRs together with subsequent signalling cascades are crucial in initiating and shaping antiviral immunity, and decisive in the outcome of infection. Yet, the interaction of hepatitis B virus (HBV) with CLRs remains largely unknown. As HBV hijacks DC subsets and viral antigens harbour glycan motifs, we hypothesised that HBV may subvert DCs through CLR binding. Methods We investigated here the pattern of CLR expression on BDCA1+ cDC2s, BDCA2+ pDCs and BDCA3+ cDC1s from both blood and liver of HBV‐infected patients and explored the ability of HBsAg to bind DC subsets through specific CLRs. Results We highlighted for the first time that the CLR repertoire of circulating and intrahepatic cDC2s, cDC1s and pDCs was perturbed in patients with chronic HBV infection and that some CLR expression levels correlated with plasma HBsAg and HBV DNA levels. We also identified candidate CLR responsible for HBsAg binding to cDCs (CD367/DCIR/CLEC4A, CD32/FcɣRIIA) and pDCs (CD369/DECTIN1/CLEC7A, CD336/NKp44) and demonstrated that HBsAg inhibited DC functions in a CLR‐ and glycosylation‐dependent manner. Conclusion HBV may exploit CLR pathways to hijack DC subsets and escape from immune control. Such advances bring insights into the mechanisms by which HBV subverts immunity and pave the way for developing innovative therapeutic strategies to restore an efficient immune control of the infection by manipulating the viral glycan–lectin axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurissa Ouaguia
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR 5309 Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France.,R&D Laboratory Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Grenoble France
| | - Tania Dufeu-Duchesne
- Hepato-Gastroenterology Unit CHU Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France.,Institute for Advanced Biosciences Research Center Inserm U1209/CNRS 5309/UGA Analytic Immunology of Chronic Pathologies La Tronche France
| | - Vincent Leroy
- Hepato-Gastroenterology Unit CHU Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France.,Institute for Advanced Biosciences Research Center Inserm U1209/CNRS 5309/UGA Analytic Immunology of Chronic Pathologies La Tronche France.,Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
| | - Thomas Decaens
- Hepato-Gastroenterology Unit CHU Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France.,Institute for Advanced Biosciences Research Center Inserm U1209/CNRS 5309/UGA Analytic Immunology of Chronic Pathologies La Tronche France.,Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Reiser
- Institut de Biologie Structurale CNRS CEA Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
| | - Eleonora Sosa Cuevas
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR 5309 Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France.,R&D Laboratory Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Grenoble France
| | - David Durantel
- INSERM 1052 CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Université Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon France
| | - Jenny Valladeau-Guilemond
- INSERM 1052 CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Université Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon France
| | - Nathalie Bendriss-Vermare
- INSERM 1052 CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Université Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon France
| | - Laurence Chaperot
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR 5309 Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France.,R&D Laboratory Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Grenoble France
| | - Caroline Aspord
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR 5309 Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France.,R&D Laboratory Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Grenoble France
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Sosa Cuevas E, Ouaguia L, Mouret S, Charles J, De Fraipont F, Manches O, Valladeau-Guilemond J, Bendriss-Vermare N, Chaperot L, Aspord C. BDCA1 + cDC2s, BDCA2 + pDCs and BDCA3 + cDC1s reveal distinct pathophysiologic features and impact on clinical outcomes in melanoma patients. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e1190. [PMID: 33282290 PMCID: PMC7684973 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Dendritic cells play a pivotal but still enigmatic role in the control of tumor development. Composed of specialised subsets (cDC1s, cDC2s, pDCs), DCs are critical in triggering and shaping antitumor immune responses. Yet, tumors exploit plasticity of DCs to subvert their functions and escape from immune control. This challenging controversy prompted us to explore the pathophysiological role of cDCs and pDCs in melanoma, where their precise and coordinated involvement remains to be deciphered. Methods We investigated in melanoma patients the phenotypic and functional features of circulating and tumor‐infiltrating BDCA1+ cDC2s, BDCA2+ pDCs and BDCA3+ cDC1s and assessed their clinical impact. Results Principal component analyses (PCA) based on phenotypic or functional parameters of DC subsets revealed intra‐group clustering, highlighting specific features of DCs in blood and tumor infiltrate of patients compared to healthy donors. DC subsets exhibited perturbed frequencies in the circulation and actively infiltrated the tumor site, while harbouring a higher activation status. Whereas cDC2s and pDCs displayed an altered functionality in response to TLR triggering, circulating and tumor‐infiltrating cDC1s preserved potent competences associated with improved prognosis. Notably, the proportion of circulating cDC1s predicted the clinical outcome of melanoma patients. Conclusion Such understanding uncovers critical and distinct impact of each DC subset on clinical outcomes and unveils fine‐tuning of interconnections between DCs in melanoma. Elucidating the mechanisms of DC subversion by tumors could help designing new therapeutic strategies exploiting the potentialities of these powerful immune players and their cross‐talks, while counteracting their skewing by tumors, to achieve immune control and clinical success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Sosa Cuevas
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR 5309 Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble 38000 France.,R&D Laboratory Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Grenoble 38000 France
| | - Laurissa Ouaguia
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR 5309 Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble 38000 France.,R&D Laboratory Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Grenoble 38000 France
| | - Stephane Mouret
- Dermatology clinic Grenoble University Hospital Grenoble F-38043 France
| | - Julie Charles
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR 5309 Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble 38000 France.,Dermatology clinic Grenoble University Hospital Grenoble F-38043 France
| | - Florence De Fraipont
- Medical Unit of Molecular genetic (hereditary diseases and oncology) Grenoble University Hospital Grenoble F-38043 France
| | - Olivier Manches
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR 5309 Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble 38000 France.,R&D Laboratory Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Grenoble 38000 France
| | - Jenny Valladeau-Guilemond
- INSERM 1052 CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Univ Lyon Lyon 69373 France
| | - Nathalie Bendriss-Vermare
- INSERM 1052 CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Univ Lyon Lyon 69373 France
| | - Laurence Chaperot
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR 5309 Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble 38000 France.,R&D Laboratory Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Grenoble 38000 France
| | - Caroline Aspord
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR 5309 Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble 38000 France.,R&D Laboratory Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Grenoble 38000 France
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Ouaguia L, Moralès O, Aoudjehane L, Wychowski C, Kumar A, Dubuisson J, Calmus Y, Conti F, Delhem N. Hepatitis C Virus Improves Human Tregs Suppressive Function and Promotes Their Recruitment to the Liver. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101296. [PMID: 31652598 PMCID: PMC6829901 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) is now well established in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) linked to Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, nothing is known about the potential interplay between Tregs and HCV. In this pilot study, we have investigated the ability of Tregs to hang HCV on and the subsequent effect on their suppressive function and phenotype. Moreover, we have evaluated how HCV could promote the recruitment of Tregs by infected primary human hepatocytes. Methods: Tregs of healthy donors were incubated with JFH-1/HCVcc. Viral inoculation was assessed using adapted assays (RT-qPCR, Flow Citometry (FACS) and Western Blot (WB). Expression of Tregs phenotypic (CD4, CD25, CD127 and Foxp3) and functional (IL-10, GZMB, TGF-β1 and IL-2) markers was monitored by RT-qPCR, FACS and ELISA. Suppressive activity was validated by suppressive assays. Tregs recruitment by infected primary hepatic cells was evaluated using Boyden Chamber. Results: Tregs express the classical HCV receptors (CD81, CLDN1 and LDLR) and some co-receptors (CD5). HCV inoculation significantly increases the suppressive phenotype and activity of Tregs, and raises their anergy by inducing an unexpected IL-2 production. Moreover, HCV infection induces the expression of chemokines (CCL17, CXCL16, and CCL20) by primary hepatic human hepatocytes and chemokine receptors (CCR4, CXCR6 and CCR6) by Tregs. Finally, infected hepatocytes have a significantly higher potential to recruit Tregs in a seemingly CCL20-dependent manner. Conclusions: Direct interaction between HCV and Tregs represents a newly defined mechanism that could potentiate HCV immune evasion and favor intratumoral recruitment contributing to HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurissa Ouaguia
- Université Lille, UMR 8161-M3T-Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France.
- CNRS-UMR 8161, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Olivier Moralès
- Université Lille, UMR 8161-M3T-Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France.
- CNRS-UMR 8161, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Lynda Aoudjehane
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), F-75013 Paris, France.
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), F-75012 Paris, France.
| | - Czeslaw Wychowski
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 8204-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Université Lille, UMR 8161-M3T-Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France.
- CNRS-UMR 8161, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Jean Dubuisson
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 8204-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Yvon Calmus
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), F-75013 Paris, France.
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), F-75012 Paris, France.
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Medical Liver Transplantation, F-75013 Paris, France.
| | - Filomena Conti
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), F-75013 Paris, France.
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), F-75012 Paris, France.
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Medical Liver Transplantation, F-75013 Paris, France.
| | - Nadira Delhem
- Université Lille, UMR 8161-M3T-Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France.
- CNRS-UMR 8161, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
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Ghazal K, Morales O, Barjon C, Dahlqvist G, Aoudjehane L, Ouaguia L, Delhem N, Conti F. Early high levels of regulatory T cells and T helper 1 may predict the progression of recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2019; 43:273-281. [PMID: 30713032 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune response failure against hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been associated with an increased regulatory T cell (Treg) activity. After liver transplantation (LT), 80% of patients experience an accelerated progression of hepatitis C recurrence. The aim of this work was to assess the involvement of Tregs, T helper (Th) 1, 2 and 17 cells in recurrent hepatitis C. METHODS Peripheral blood cells obtained before and one month after LT from 22 recipients were analysed. Forty-four key molecules related to Treg, Th1, 2 and 17 responses, were evaluated using qRT-PCR. Liver recipients were classified in two groups according to graft fibrosis evaluated by the METAVIR score on the biopsy performed one year after LT (mild: F ≤ 1, n = 13; severe: F > 1, n = 9). Patients developing a severe recurrence were compared with patients with a mild recurrence. RESULTS mRNA levels of Treg markers obtained one month after LT were significantly increased in patients with a severe disease course when compared to patients with a mild recurrence. Markers of the Th1 response were elevated in the same group. No differences in the markers determined before LT were observed. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that Treg, induced by a multifactorial process, which could include a strong Th1 response itself, may play a role in suppressing the early antiviral response, leading to a severe recurrence of hepatitis C.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ghazal
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 938, Saint-Antoine Research Center, 75012 Paris, France; AP-HP, Bicêtre Hospital, Biochemistry Laboratory, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre cedex, France.
| | - O Morales
- CNRS, UMR8161, Institut de Biologie de Lille, Université de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, IFR 142, 59021 Lille cedex, France
| | - C Barjon
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 938, Saint-Antoine Research Center, 75012 Paris, France; De Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Dahlqvist
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 938, Saint-Antoine Research Center, 75012 Paris, France; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Woluwe-Saint-Lambert, Belgium
| | - L Aoudjehane
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 938, Saint-Antoine Research Center, 75012 Paris, France; Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), 75013 Paris, France
| | - L Ouaguia
- CNRS, UMR8161, Institut de Biologie de Lille, Université de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, IFR 142, 59021 Lille cedex, France
| | - N Delhem
- CNRS, UMR8161, Institut de Biologie de Lille, Université de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, IFR 142, 59021 Lille cedex, France
| | - F Conti
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 938, Saint-Antoine Research Center, 75012 Paris, France; AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital, Unité Médicale de Transplantation Hépatique, 75013 Paris, France
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6
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Ouaguia L, Leroy V, Dufeu-Duchesne T, Durantel D, Decaens T, Hubert M, Valladeau-Guilemond J, Bendriss-Vermare N, Chaperot L, Aspord C. Circulating and Hepatic BDCA1+, BDCA2+, and BDCA3+ Dendritic Cells Are Differentially Subverted in Patients With Chronic HBV Infection. Front Immunol 2019; 10:112. [PMID: 30778353 PMCID: PMC6369167 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health burden potentially evolving toward cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV physiopathology is strongly related to the host immunity, yet the mechanisms of viral evasion from immune-surveillance are still misunderstood. The immune response elicited at early stages of viral infection is believed to be important for subsequent disease outcome. Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial immune sentinels which orchestrate antiviral immunity, which offer opportunity to pathogens to subvert them to escape immunity. Despite the pivotal role of DCs in orientating antiviral responses and determining the outcome of infection, their precise involvement in HBV pathogenesis is not fully explored. Methods: One hundred thirty chronically HBV infected patients and 85 healthy donors were enrolled in the study for blood collection, together with 29 chronically HBV infected patients and 33 non-viral infected patients that were included for liver biopsy collection. In a pioneer way, we investigated the phenotypic and functional features of both circulating and intrahepatic BDCA1+ cDC2, BDCA2+ pDCs, and BDCA3+ cDC1 simultaneously in patients with chronic HBV infection by designing a unique multi-parametric flow cytometry approach. Results: We showed modulations of the frequencies and basal activation status of blood and liver DCs associated with impaired expressions of specific immune checkpoints and TLR molecules on circulating DC subsets. Furthermore, we highlighted an impaired maturation of circulating and hepatic pDCs and cDCs following stimulation with specific TLR agonists in chronic HBV patients, associated with drastic dysfunctions in the capacity of circulating DC subsets to produce IL-12p70, TNFα, IFNα, IFNλ1, and IFNλ2 while intrahepatic DCs remained fully functional. Most of these modulations correlated with HBsAg and HBV DNA levels. Conclusion: We highlight potent alterations in the distribution, phenotype and function of all DC subsets in blood together with modulations of intrahepatic DCs, revealing that HBV may hijack the immune system by subverting DCs. Our findings provide innovative insights into the immuno-pathogenesis of HBV and the mechanisms of virus escape from immune control. Such understanding is promising for developing new therapeutic strategies restoring an efficient immune control of the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurissa Ouaguia
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, R&D Laboratory, Grenoble, France
| | - Vincent Leroy
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,CHU Grenoble Alpes, Hepato-gastroenterology Unit, Grenoble, France.,Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Research Center Inserm U1209/CNRS 5309/UGA, Analytic Immunology of Chronic Pathologies, La Tronche, France
| | - Tania Dufeu-Duchesne
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,CHU Grenoble Alpes, Hepato-gastroenterology Unit, Grenoble, France
| | - David Durantel
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Decaens
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,CHU Grenoble Alpes, Hepato-gastroenterology Unit, Grenoble, France.,Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Research Center Inserm U1209/CNRS 5309/UGA, Analytic Immunology of Chronic Pathologies, La Tronche, France
| | - Margaux Hubert
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jenny Valladeau-Guilemond
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Nathalie Bendriss-Vermare
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laurence Chaperot
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, R&D Laboratory, Grenoble, France
| | - Caroline Aspord
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, R&D Laboratory, Grenoble, France
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Miroux C, Morales O, Ouaguia L, Aoudjehane L, Boleslawski E, Pancré V, de Launoit Y, Calmus Y, Conti F, Delhem N. Corticosteroids do not reverse the inhibitory effect of cyclosporine on regulatory T-cell activity in contrast to mycophenolate mofetil. Transplant Proc 2013; 44:2834-9. [PMID: 23146536 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.09.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inevitable hepatitis C virus recurrence after liver transplantation, a major barrier to survival of the transplanted liver may be promoted by immunosuppression and by CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells (Treg). Treg cells are essential for the induction and maintenance of immunologic self-tolerance as well as transplant tolerance. Moreover, we have previously described low doses of cyclosporine (CsA) to inhibit Treg activity by inducing interleukin-2 and interfron-γ. We investigated here in, the effect of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and corticosteroids, usually used in combination with a calcineurin inhibitor on human CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg cells. METHODS Human CD4(+)CD25(+) cells isolated from healthy donors were cultured in the presence of CsA +/- corticoids or MMF. Suppressive activity of regulatory T cells was assessed in mixed leukocyte reactions including CD25(+) solvents with autologous activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). RESULTS MMF and dexamethasone inhibited PBMC and Treg proliferation in dose-dependent fashing, maintaining the suppressive activity of Treg cells. However, the association of corticoids with CsA could not reverse the inhibitory effects of CsA on Treg activity, unlike the MMF and CsA combination. CONCLUSION We have previously shown CsA to significantly impair the function of CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg cells. Herein we reports that corticoids were not able to reverse this effect, whereas MMF couterbalanced it, suggesting that the combination of MMF with CsA maintains regulatory T cells activity promoting tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Miroux
- CNRS-UMR 8161-Institut de Biologie de Lille, Lille, France
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