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Maino A, Amen A, Plumas J, Bouquet L, Deschamps M, Saas P, Chaperot L, Manches O. Development of a New Off-the-Shelf Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell-Based Approach for the Expansion and Characterization of SARS-CoV-2-Specific T Cells. J Immunol 2024; 212:825-833. [PMID: 38214610 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Global vaccination against COVID-19 has been widely successful; however, there is a need for complementary immunotherapies in severe forms of the disease and in immunocompromised patients. Cytotoxic CD8+ T cells have a crucial role in disease control, but their function can be dysregulated in severe forms of the disease. We report here a cell-based approach using a plasmacytoid dendritic cell line (PDC*line) to expand in vitro specific CD8+ responses against COVID-19 Ags. We tested the immunogenicity of eight HLA-A*02:01 restricted peptides derived from diverse SARS-Cov-2 proteins, selected by bioinformatics analyses in unexposed and convalescent donors. Higher ex vivo frequencies of specific T cells against these peptides were found in convalescent donors compared with unexposed donors, suggesting in situ T cell expansion upon viral infection. The peptide-loaded PDC*line induced robust CD8+ responses with total amplification rates that led up to a 198-fold increase in peptide-specific CD8+ T cell frequencies for a single donor. Of note, six of eight selected peptides provided significant amplifications, all of which were conserved between SARS-CoV variants and derived from the membrane, the spike protein, the nucleoprotein, and the ORF1ab. Amplified and cloned antiviral CD8+ T cells secreted IFN-γ upon peptide-specific activation. Furthermore, specific TCR sequences were identified for two highly immunogenic Ags. Hence, PDC*line represents an efficient platform to identify immunogenic viral targets for future immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Maino
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Recherche et Développement, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Axelle Amen
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Centre Hospitalier Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, UMR 5075, Institut de Biologie Structurale, Grenoble, France
| | - Joël Plumas
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Recherche et Développement, Grenoble, France
- PDC*line Pharma SAS, Grenoble, France
| | - Lucie Bouquet
- Université de Franche-Comté, Etablissement Français du Sang, INSERM, UMR RIGHT, Besançon, France
| | - Marina Deschamps
- Université de Franche-Comté, Etablissement Français du Sang, INSERM, UMR RIGHT, Besançon, France
| | - Philippe Saas
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Recherche et Développement, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Laurence Chaperot
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Recherche et Développement, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Manches
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Recherche et Développement, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
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Manches O, Um K, Boudier A, Maddouri Y, Lyon-Caen S, Bayat S, Slama R, Philippat C, Siroux V, Chaperot L. Maternal imprinting and determinants of neonates' immune function in the SEPAGES mother-child cohort. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1136749. [PMID: 37081891 PMCID: PMC10111372 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1136749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Immune function in pregnancy is influenced by host-specific and environmental factors. This may impact fetal immune development, but the link between maternal and neonatal immune function is still poorly characterized. Here, we investigate the relationship between maternal and neonatal immune function, and identify factors affecting the association between maternal and child cytokine secretion. Methods In the French prospective cohort SEPAGES, blood samples were obtained from pregnant women (n=322) at gestational week 20 ± 4 and from their child at birth (n=156). Maternal and cord blood cytokine and chemokine (CK) levels were measured at baseline in all subjects and after T cell or dendritic cell activation with phytohemagglutinin or R848 (in total 29 and 27 measures in maternal and cord blood samples, respectively). Associations between environmental, individual factors and CK level were estimated by linear regression modeling. The maternal-cord blood CK relations were assessed by Pearson correlation and regression models. Results We observed that pregnant women and neonates displayed specific CK secretion profiles in the innate and adaptive compartments at baseline and upon activation. Activation of T cells in cord blood induced high levels of IL-2, but low levels of IFNγ, IL-13 or IL-10, in comparison to maternal blood samples. Elsewhere, neonatal innate immune responses were characterized by low production of IFNα, while productions of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNFα were higher than maternal responses. Strong correlations were observed between most CK after activation in maternal and cord blood samples. Strikingly, a statistical association between global mother and child cytokine profiles was evidenced. Correlations were observed between some individual CK of pregnant women and their children, both at baseline (MCP1, RANTES) and after activation with R848 (IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10). We looked for factors which could influence cytokine secretion in maternal or cord blood, and found that leucocyte counts, maternal age, pre-conception BMI, smoking and season were associated with the levels of several CK in mothers or children. Discussion Our study reveals in utero immune imprinting influencing immune responses in infants, opening the way to investigate the mechanisms responsible for this imprinting. Whether such influences have long lasting effects on children health warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Manches
- EFS, Recherche et Développement, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Khémary Um
- EFS, Recherche et Développement, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Anne Boudier
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
- Department of Pulmonology and Physiology, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Yasmina Maddouri
- EFS, Recherche et Développement, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Sarah Lyon-Caen
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Sam Bayat
- Department of Pulmonology and Physiology, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Rémy Slama
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Claire Philippat
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Valérie Siroux
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Laurence Chaperot
- EFS, Recherche et Développement, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
- *Correspondence: Laurence Chaperot,
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Cavers A, Kugler MC, Ozguler Y, Al-Obeidi AF, Hatemi G, Ueberheide BM, Ucar D, Manches O, Nowatzky J. Behçet's disease risk-variant HLA-B51/ERAP1-Hap10 alters human CD8 T cell immunity. Ann Rheum Dis 2022; 81:1603-1611. [PMID: 35922122 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2022-222277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase (ERAP1) haplotype Hap10 encodes for a variant allotype of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident peptide-trimming aminopeptidase ERAP1 with low enzymatic activity. This haplotype recessively confers the highest risk for Behçet's diseases (BD) currently known, but only in carriers of HLA-B*51, the classical risk factor for the disease. The mechanistic implications and biological consequences of this epistatic relationship are unknown. Here, we aimed to determine its biological relevance and functional impact. METHODS We genotyped and immune phenotyped a cohort of 26 untreated Turkish BD subjects and 22 healthy donors, generated CRISPR-Cas9 ERAP1 KOs from HLA-B*51 + LCL, analysed the HLA class I-bound peptidome for peptide length differences and assessed immunogenicity of genome-edited cells in CD8 T cell co-culture systems. RESULTS Allele frequencies of ERAP1-Hap10 were similar to previous studies. There were frequency shifts between antigen-experienced and naïve CD8 T cell populations of carriers and non-carriers of ERAP1-Hap10 in an HLA-B*51 background. ERAP1 KO cells showed peptidomes with longer peptides above 9mer and significant differences in their ability to stimulate alloreactive CD8 T cells compared with wild-type control cells. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that hypoactive ERAP1 changes immunogenicity to CD8 T cells, mediated by an HLA class I peptidome with undertrimmed peptides. Naïve/effector CD8 T cell shifts in affected carriers provide evidence of the biological relevance of ERAP1-Hap10/HLA-B*51 at the cellular level and point to an HLA-B51-restricted process. Our findings suggest that variant ERAP1-Hap10 partakes in BD pathogenesis by generating HLA-B51-restricted peptides, causing a change in immunodominance of the ensuing CD8 T cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Cavers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, NYU Langone Behçet's Disease Program, NYU Langone Ocular Rheumatology Program, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthias Christian Kugler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yesim Ozguler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, NYU Langone Behçet's Disease Program, NYU Langone Ocular Rheumatology Program, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.,Behçet's Disease Research Center, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Arshed Fahad Al-Obeidi
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gulen Hatemi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.,Behçet's Disease Research Center, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Beatrix M Ueberheide
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neurology, Perlmutter Cancer Center, Proteomics Laboratory at the Division of Advanced Research Technologies, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Didar Ucar
- Behçet's Disease Research Center, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Ophthalmology, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Olivier Manches
- Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U 1209, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Recherche et Développement, Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, La Tronche, France
| | - Johannes Nowatzky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, NYU Langone Behçet's Disease Program, NYU Langone Ocular Rheumatology Program, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA .,Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Kacher J, Manches O, Aspord C, Sartelet H, Chaperot L. Impaired Antitumor Immune Response in MYCN-amplified Neuroblastoma Is Associated with Lack of CCL2 Secretion and Poor Dendritic Cell Recruitment. Cancer Res Commun 2022; 2:577-589. [PMID: 36923280 PMCID: PMC10010397 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-21-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In neuroblastoma, MYCN amplification is associated with sparse immune infiltrate and poor prognosis. Dendritic cells (DC) are crucial immune sentinels but their involvement in neuroblastoma pathogenesis is poorly understood. We observed that the migration of monocytes, myeloid and plasmacytoid DC induced by MYCN-nonamplified neuroblastoma supernatants was abrogated by the addition of anti-CCL2 antibodies, demonstrating the involvement of the CCR2/CCL2 axis in their recruitment by these tumors. Using public RNA sequencing and microarray datasets, we describe lower level of expression of CCL2 in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma tumors, and we propose a working model for T-cell recruitment in neuroblastoma tumors in which CCL2 produced by neuroblastoma cells initiates the recruitment of monocytes, myeloid and plasmacytoid DCs. Among these cells, the CD1c+ subset may recruit T cells by means of CCL19/CCL22 secretion. In vitro, supernatants from DCs cocultured with neuroblastoma cell lines and activated contain CCL22 and CCL19, and are chemotactic for both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. We also looked at immunomodulation induced by neuroblastoma cell lines, and found MYCN-nonamplified neuroblastoma cell lines were able to create a microenvironment where DC activation is enhanced. Overall, our findings highlight a major role for CCL2/CCR2 axis in monocytes, myeloid and plasmacytoid cells recruitment toward MYCN-nonamplified neuroblastoma, allowing further immune cell recruitment, and show that these tumors present a microenvironment that can favor DC responses. Significance In MYCN-nonamplified neuroblastoma, CCL2 produced by neuroblastoma cells induces the recruitment of antigen-presenting cells (DCs and monocytes/macrophages), allowing infiltration by T cells, in link with CCL19 and CCL22 production, hence favoring immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamila Kacher
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Manches
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Caroline Aspord
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Hervé Sartelet
- Laboratoire de Biopathologie, CHRU de Nancy, Nancy, France.,Inserm U1256, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Laurence Chaperot
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Grenoble, France
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Girard P, Sosa Cuevas E, Ponsard B, Mouret S, Gil H, Col E, De Fraipont F, Sturm N, Charles J, Manches O, Chaperot L, Aspord C. Dysfunctional BTN3A together with deregulated immune checkpoints and type I/II IFN dictate defective interplay between pDCs and γδ T cells in melanoma patients, which impacts clinical outcomes. Clin Transl Immunology 2021; 10:e1329. [PMID: 34786191 PMCID: PMC8577077 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives pDCs and γδ T cells emerge as potent immune players participating in the pathophysiology of cancers, yet still remaining enigmatic while harbouring a promising potential for clinical translations. Despite strategic and closed missions, crosstalk between pDCs and γδ T cells has not been deciphered yet in cancers, especially in melanoma where the long‐term control of the tumor still remains a challenge. Methods This prompted us to explore the interplay between pDCs and γδ T cells in the context of melanoma, investigating the reciprocal features of pDCs or γδ T cells, the underlying molecular mechanisms and its impact on clinical outcomes. Results TLRL‐activated pDCs from the blood and tumor infiltrate of melanoma patients displayed an impaired ability to activate, to modulate immune checkpoints and trigger the functionality of γδ T cells. Conversely, γδ T cells from the blood or tumor infiltrate of melanoma patients activated by PAg were defective in triggering pDCs’ activation and modulation of immune checkpoints, and failed to elicit the functionality of pDCs. Reversion of the dysfunctional cross‐talks could be achieved by specific cytokine administration and immune checkpoint targeting. Strikingly, we revealed an increased expression of BTN3A on circulating and tumor‐infiltrating pDCs and γδ T cells from melanoma patients, but stressed out the potential impairment of this molecule. Conclusion Our study uncovered that melanoma hijacked the bidirectional interplay between pDCs and γδ T cells to escape from immune control, and revealed BTN3A dysfunction. Such understanding will help harness and synergise the power of these potent immune cells to design new therapeutic approaches exploiting their antitumor potential while counteracting their skewing by tumors to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Girard
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR 5309 Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes R&D Laboratory Grenoble France
| | - Eleonora Sosa Cuevas
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR 5309 Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes R&D Laboratory Grenoble France
| | - Benedicte Ponsard
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR 5309 Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes R&D Laboratory Grenoble France
| | - Stephane Mouret
- Dermatology Clinic Grenoble University Hospital Grenoble France
| | - Hugo Gil
- Pathology Department Institut de Biologie et Pathologie CHU Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
| | - Edwige Col
- Pathology Department Institut de Biologie et Pathologie CHU Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
| | - Florence De Fraipont
- Medical Unit of Molecular Genetic (Hereditary Diseases and Oncology) Grenoble University Hospital Grenoble France
| | - Nathalie Sturm
- Pathology Department Institut de Biologie et Pathologie CHU Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
| | - Julie Charles
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR 5309 Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France.,Dermatology Clinic Grenoble University Hospital Grenoble France
| | - Olivier Manches
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR 5309 Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes R&D Laboratory Grenoble France
| | - Laurence Chaperot
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR 5309 Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes R&D Laboratory Grenoble France
| | - Caroline Aspord
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR 5309 Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes R&D Laboratory Grenoble France
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Charles J, Chaperot L, Hannani D, Bruder Costa J, Templier I, Trabelsi S, Gil H, Moisan A, Persoons V, Hegelhofer H, Schir E, Quesada JL, Mendoza C, Mouret S, Aspord C, Manches O, Coulie P, Khammari A, Dreno B, Leccia M, Plumas J. GeniusVac-Mel 4, essai de phase 1 utilisant un vaccin basé sur une lignée de cellules dendritiques plasmocytoïdes dans le traitement du mélanome métastatique. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2020.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sosa Cuevas E, Ouaguia L, Mouret S, Charles J, De Fraipont F, Manches O, Valladeau-Guilemond J, Bendriss-Vermare N, Chaperot L, Aspord C. BDCA1 + cDC2s, BDCA2 + pDCs and BDCA3 + cDC1s reveal distinct pathophysiologic features and impact on clinical outcomes in melanoma patients. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e1190. [PMID: 33282290 PMCID: PMC7684973 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Dendritic cells play a pivotal but still enigmatic role in the control of tumor development. Composed of specialised subsets (cDC1s, cDC2s, pDCs), DCs are critical in triggering and shaping antitumor immune responses. Yet, tumors exploit plasticity of DCs to subvert their functions and escape from immune control. This challenging controversy prompted us to explore the pathophysiological role of cDCs and pDCs in melanoma, where their precise and coordinated involvement remains to be deciphered. Methods We investigated in melanoma patients the phenotypic and functional features of circulating and tumor‐infiltrating BDCA1+ cDC2s, BDCA2+ pDCs and BDCA3+ cDC1s and assessed their clinical impact. Results Principal component analyses (PCA) based on phenotypic or functional parameters of DC subsets revealed intra‐group clustering, highlighting specific features of DCs in blood and tumor infiltrate of patients compared to healthy donors. DC subsets exhibited perturbed frequencies in the circulation and actively infiltrated the tumor site, while harbouring a higher activation status. Whereas cDC2s and pDCs displayed an altered functionality in response to TLR triggering, circulating and tumor‐infiltrating cDC1s preserved potent competences associated with improved prognosis. Notably, the proportion of circulating cDC1s predicted the clinical outcome of melanoma patients. Conclusion Such understanding uncovers critical and distinct impact of each DC subset on clinical outcomes and unveils fine‐tuning of interconnections between DCs in melanoma. Elucidating the mechanisms of DC subversion by tumors could help designing new therapeutic strategies exploiting the potentialities of these powerful immune players and their cross‐talks, while counteracting their skewing by tumors, to achieve immune control and clinical success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Sosa Cuevas
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR 5309 Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble 38000 France.,R&D Laboratory Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Grenoble 38000 France
| | - Laurissa Ouaguia
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR 5309 Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble 38000 France.,R&D Laboratory Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Grenoble 38000 France
| | - Stephane Mouret
- Dermatology clinic Grenoble University Hospital Grenoble F-38043 France
| | - Julie Charles
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR 5309 Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble 38000 France.,Dermatology clinic Grenoble University Hospital Grenoble F-38043 France
| | - Florence De Fraipont
- Medical Unit of Molecular genetic (hereditary diseases and oncology) Grenoble University Hospital Grenoble F-38043 France
| | - Olivier Manches
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR 5309 Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble 38000 France.,R&D Laboratory Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Grenoble 38000 France
| | - Jenny Valladeau-Guilemond
- INSERM 1052 CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Univ Lyon Lyon 69373 France
| | - Nathalie Bendriss-Vermare
- INSERM 1052 CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Univ Lyon Lyon 69373 France
| | - Laurence Chaperot
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR 5309 Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble 38000 France.,R&D Laboratory Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Grenoble 38000 France
| | - Caroline Aspord
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR 5309 Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble 38000 France.,R&D Laboratory Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Grenoble 38000 France
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Al-Obeidi AF, Cavers A, Ozguler Y, Manches O, Zhong H, Yurttas B, Ueberheide B, Hatemi G, Kugler M, Nowatzky J. OP0032 ERAP1-MEDIATED IMMUNOGENICITY AND IMMUNE-PHENOTYPES IN HLA-B51+ BEHÇET’S DISEASE POINT TO PATHOGENIC CD8 T CELL EFFECTOR RESPONSES. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:HLA-B51 is a definite risk factor for Behçet’s disease (BD). A coding variant of ERAP1, Hap10 – with low peptide-trimming activity – vastly potentiates this risk, but is mechanistically unclear1,2).Objectives:To test the hypothesis that low or absent ERAP1 activity alters CD8 T cell immunogenicity through changes in the HLA-B51 peptidome and shapes the CD8 T cell immune response in affected subjects.Methods:We generated HLA-B51+ERAP1 KO LCL clones using CRISPR-Cas9, performed mass spectrometry of the immunoprecipitated MHC-class I peptidome with subsequent computational deconvolution for HLA-B51-binding peptides. We then assessed single cell (ICS), bulk (ELISA) and proliferative (CFSE) CD8 effector (IFNg, granzyme B, perforin) T cell responses through stimulation of allogeneic donor cells with WT vs KO LCL and determined ERAP1 haplotypes in 49 untreated Turkish BD subjects with ocular and/ or major vascular involvement as well as healthy donors (HD) whose PBMC were profiled using 6 multicolour flow cytometry panels.Results:WT and KO peptidomes differed significantly (p<0.0005 Fisher’s exact test) with a distinctive shift of peptide length frequencies exceeding 9-mer (binding optimum) in the KO vs WT. This held true for computationally deconvoluted HLA-B51 binders. IFNg secretion from CD8 T cells stimulated with KO LCL was significantly different from WT (ICS, p=0.0006; ELISA, p=0.0059) as were CD8 T cell proliferation and ICS of perforin/granzyme B+CD8 T cells. Analysis of 133 T, B, NK and monocyte cell populations revealed predominance of CD8 T and NKT cell subset in HLA-B51+/Hap10+ BD vs HLA-B51+/Hap10- BD and HD, accounting for 80% of all populations reaching significance (p<0.05, Mann-Whitney). Naive and effector memory CD8 T cell subsets were inversely correlated. Cohen’s effect sizes were large (>0.8) or very large (>1.2).Conclusion:We show that absence of functional ERAP1 alters human CD8 T cell immunogenicity. This is mediated by an HLA-class I peptidome with propensity for longer peptides above 9mer and suggests loss or de-novo presentation of peptide-HLA-B51 complexes to cognate CD8 TCR. The reciprocal changes in antigen- experienced vs naive CD8 T cell subsets in affected subjects point to biologic significance of HLA-B51/Hap10 in BD. Collectively, our findings suggest that an altered HLA-B51 peptidome modulates immunogenicity of CD8 effector T cells in ERAP1-Hap10 carriers with BD and identify targets for future drug development.References:[1]Kirino, Y., G. Bertsias, Y. Ishigatsubo, N. Mizuki, I. Tugal-Tutkun, E. Seyahi, Y. Ozyazgan, F. S. Sacli, B. Erer, H. Inoko, Z. Emrence, A. Cakar, N. Abaci, D. Ustek, C. Satorius, A. Ueda, M. Takeno, Y. Kim, G. M. Wood, M. J. Ombrello, A. Meguro, A. Gul, E. F. Remmers, and D. L. Kastner. 2013. ‘Genome-wide association analysis identifies new susceptibility loci for Behcet’s disease and epistasis between HLA-B*51 and ERAP1’,Nat Genet, 45: 202-7.[2]Takeuchi, M., M. J. Ombrello, Y. Kirino, B. Erer, I. Tugal-Tutkun, E. Seyahi, Y. Ozyazgan, N. R. Watts, A. Gul, D. L. Kastner, and E. F. Remmers. 2016. ‘A single endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase-1 protein allotype is a strong risk factor for Behcet’s disease in HLA-B*51 carriers’,Ann Rheum Dis, 75: 2208-11.Disclosure of Interests:Arshed F. Al-Obeidi: None declared, Ann Cavers: None declared, Yesim Ozguler: None declared, Olivier Manches: None declared, Hua Zhong: None declared, Berna Yurttas: None declared, Beatrix Ueberheide: None declared, Gulen Hatemi Grant/research support from: BMS, Celgene Corporation, Silk Road Therapeutics – grant/research support, Consultant of: Bayer, Eli Lilly – consultant, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Mustafa Nevzat, Novartis, UCB – speaker, Matthias Kugler: None declared, Johannes Nowatzky: None declared
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Nowatzky J, Manches O. Generation of Human Regulatory T Cell Clones. J Vis Exp 2020. [PMID: 32478733 DOI: 10.3791/61075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Human regulatory T cells (Treg) are notoriously difficult to isolate in high purity given the current methods of Treg enrichment. These methods are based on the identification of Treg through several activation-dependent cellular surface markers with varying expression levels in different physiologic and pathologic conditions. Populations isolated as "Treg" therefore often contain considerable numbers of non-Treg effector cells (i.e., Teff) which hamper the precise phenotypic and functional characterization of these cells, their genomic and proteomic characterization, their reliable enumeration in different states of health and disease, as well as their isolation and expansion for therapeutic purposes. The latter, in particular, remains a major hurdle, as the inadvertent expansion of effector cells homing in Treg-relevant cellular compartments (e.g., CD4+CD25+ T cells) may render Treg-based immunotherapy ineffective, or even harmful. This work presents a method that circumvents the problems associated with population-based isolation and expansion of Treg and shows that the generation of Treg candidate clones with the subsequent selection, culture, and expansion of only carefully vetted, monoclonal cells, enables the generation of an ultrapure Treg cell product that can be kept in culture for many months, enabling downstream investigation of these cells, including for possible therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Nowatzky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, New York University School of Medicine;
| | - Olivier Manches
- Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209/CNRS UMR 5309; Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
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10
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Charles J, Chaperot L, Hannani D, Bruder Costa J, Templier I, Trabelsi S, Gil H, Moisan A, Persoons V, Hegelhofer H, Schir E, Quesada JL, Mendoza C, Aspord C, Manches O, Coulie PG, Khammari A, Dreno B, Leccia MT, Plumas J. An innovative plasmacytoid dendritic cell line-based cancer vaccine primes and expands antitumor T-cells in melanoma patients in a first-in-human trial. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1738812. [PMID: 32313721 PMCID: PMC7153838 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1738812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors has been shown to depend on preexisting antitumor immunity; thus, their combination with cancer vaccines is an attractive therapeutic approach. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDC) are strong inducers of antitumor responses and represent promising vaccine candidates. We developed a cancer vaccine approach based on an allogeneic PDC line that functioned as a very potent antigen-presenting cell in pre-clinical studies. In this phase Ib clinical trial, nine patients with metastatic stage IV melanoma received up to 60 million irradiated PDC line cells loaded with 4 melanoma antigens, injected subcutaneously at weekly intervals. The primary endpoints were safety and tolerability. The vaccine was well tolerated and no serious vaccine-induced side effects were recorded. Strikingly, there was no allogeneic response toward the vaccine, but a significant increase in the frequency of circulating anti-tumor specific T lymphocytes was observed in two patients, accompanied by a switch from a naïve to memory phenotype, thus demonstrating priming of antigen-specific T-cells. Signs of clinical activity were observed, including four stable diseases according to IrRC and vitiligoïd lesions. Four patients were still alive at week 48. We also demonstrate the in vitro enhancement of specific T cell expansion induced by the synergistic combination of peptide-loaded PDC line with anti-PD-1, as compared to peptide-loaded PDC line alone. Taken together, these clinical observations demonstrate the ability of the PDC line based-vaccine to prime and expand antitumor CD8+ responses in cancer patients. Further trials should test the combination of this vaccine with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Charles
- Immunobiology and Immunotherapy of Chronic Diseases, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Dermatology Department, Pôle Pluridisciplinaire de Médecine, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Laurence Chaperot
- Immunobiology and Immunotherapy of Chronic Diseases, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,R&D Laboratory, Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Dalil Hannani
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors, PDCline Pharma, Grenoble
| | - Juliana Bruder Costa
- Immunobiology and Immunotherapy of Chronic Diseases, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Dermatology Department, Pôle Pluridisciplinaire de Médecine, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,R&D Laboratory, Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Templier
- Dermatology Department, Pôle Pluridisciplinaire de Médecine, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Sabiha Trabelsi
- Dermatology Department, Pôle Pluridisciplinaire de Médecine, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Hugo Gil
- Pathology Department, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Anaick Moisan
- Immunobiology and Immunotherapy of Chronic Diseases, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Cell Therapy and Engineering Unit, Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint Ismier, France
| | - Virginie Persoons
- Cell Therapy and Engineering Unit, Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint Ismier, France
| | - Harald Hegelhofer
- Cell Therapy and Engineering Unit, Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint Ismier, France
| | - Edith Schir
- Délégation à la Recherche Clinique et à l'Innovation, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | | | | | - Caroline Aspord
- Immunobiology and Immunotherapy of Chronic Diseases, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,R&D Laboratory, Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Manches
- Immunobiology and Immunotherapy of Chronic Diseases, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,R&D Laboratory, Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre G Coulie
- de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amir Khammari
- Onco-dermatology Department, CHU Nantes, CIC 1413, CRCINA, Nantes University, Nantes, France
| | - Brigitte Dreno
- Onco-dermatology Department, CHU Nantes, CIC 1413, CRCINA, Nantes University, Nantes, France
| | - Marie-Thérèse Leccia
- Immunobiology and Immunotherapy of Chronic Diseases, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Dermatology Department, Pôle Pluridisciplinaire de Médecine, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Joel Plumas
- Immunobiology and Immunotherapy of Chronic Diseases, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,R&D Laboratory, Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Immune checkpoint inhibitors, PDCline Pharma, Grenoble
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11
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Coppard C, Bonnefoy F, Hannani D, Gabert F, Manches O, Plumas J, Perruche S, Chaperot L. Photopheresis efficacy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: a pre-clinical proof of concept. J Transl Med 2019; 17:312. [PMID: 31533744 PMCID: PMC6751641 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-2066-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite major advances in rheumatoid arthritis outcome, not all patients achieve remission, and there is still an unmet need for new therapeutic approaches. This study aimed at evaluating in a pre-clinical murine model the efficacy of extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, and to provide a relevant study model for dissecting ECP mechanism of action in autoimmune diseases. METHODS DBA/1 mice were immunized by subcutaneous injection of bovine collagen type II, in order to initiate the development of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Arthritic mice received 3 ECP treatments every other day, with psoralen + UVA-treated (PUVA) spleen cells obtained from arthritic mice. Arthritis score was measured, and immune cell subsets were monitored. RESULTS ECP-treated mice recovered from arthritis as evidenced by a decreasing arthritic score over time. Significant decrease in the frequency of Th17 cells in the spleen of treated mice was observed. Interestingly, while PUVA-treated spleen cells from healthy mouse had no effect, PUVA-treated arthritic mouse derived-spleen cells were able to induce control of arthritis development. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that ECP can control arthritis in CIA-mice, and clarifies ECP mechanisms of action, showing ECP efficacy and Th17 decrease only when arthritogenic T cells are contained within the treated sample. These data represent a pre-clinical proof of concept supporting the use of ECP in the treatment of RA in Human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Coppard
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS, UMR 5309, 38000, Grenoble, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Research and Development Lab, 29 Av Maquis du Grésivaudan, 38701, La Tronche, France
| | - Francis Bonnefoy
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098 RIGHT, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Dalil Hannani
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS, UMR 5309, 38000, Grenoble, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Research and Development Lab, 29 Av Maquis du Grésivaudan, 38701, La Tronche, France.,CNRS, CHU Grenoble, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, UMR 5525, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Françoise Gabert
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS, UMR 5309, 38000, Grenoble, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Research and Development Lab, 29 Av Maquis du Grésivaudan, 38701, La Tronche, France
| | - Olivier Manches
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS, UMR 5309, 38000, Grenoble, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Research and Development Lab, 29 Av Maquis du Grésivaudan, 38701, La Tronche, France
| | - Joel Plumas
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS, UMR 5309, 38000, Grenoble, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Research and Development Lab, 29 Av Maquis du Grésivaudan, 38701, La Tronche, France
| | - Sylvain Perruche
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098 RIGHT, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Laurence Chaperot
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS, UMR 5309, 38000, Grenoble, France. .,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Research and Development Lab, 29 Av Maquis du Grésivaudan, 38701, La Tronche, France.
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12
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Nowatzky J, Resnick E, Manasson J, Stagnar C, Al-Obeidi AF, Manches O. Flow Plex-A tool for unbiased comprehensive flow cytometry data analysis. Immun Inflamm Dis 2019; 7:105-111. [PMID: 31016894 PMCID: PMC6688088 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The information content of multiparametric flow cytometry experiments is routinely underexploited given the paucity of adequate tools for unbiased comprehensive data analysis that can be applied successfully and independently by immunologists without computational training. Methods We aimed to develop a tool that allows straightforward access to the entire information content of any given flow cytometry panel for immunologists without special computational expertise. We used a data analysis approach which accounts for all mathematically possible combinations of markers in a given panel, coded the algorithm and applied the method to mined and self‐generated data sets. Results We developed Flow Plex, a straightforward computational tool that allows unrestricted access to the information content of a given flow cytometry panel, enables classification of human samples according to distinct immune phenotypes, such as different forms of autoimmune uveitis, acute myeloid leukemia vs “healthy”, “old” vs “young”, and facilitates the identification of cell populations with potential biologic relevance to states of disease and health. Conclusions We provide a tool that allows immunologists and other flow cytometry users with limited bioinformatics skills to extract comprehensive, unbiased information from flow cytometry data sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Nowatzky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Julia Manasson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Cristy Stagnar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Arshed Fahad Al-Obeidi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Olivier Manches
- Recherche et Développement, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Grenoble, France
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13
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Girard P, Charles J, Cluzel C, Degeorges E, Manches O, Plumas J, De Fraipont F, Leccia MT, Mouret S, Chaperot L, Aspord C. The features of circulating and tumor-infiltrating γδ T cells in melanoma patients display critical perturbations with prognostic impact on clinical outcome. Oncoimmunology 2019; 8:1601483. [PMID: 31413911 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2019.1601483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
γδT cells hold a pivotal role in tumor immunosurveillance through their prompt activation and cytokine secretion, their ability to kill tumor cells in an Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-unrestricted manner, and their combination of features of both innate and adaptive immunity. These unique properties and functional plasticity render them very attractive both as targets and vectors for cancer immunotherapy. Yet, these potent and fascinating antitumor effectors have not been extensively explored in melanoma. We provided here a detailed investigation of the phenotypic and functional properties of circulating and tumor-infiltrating γδT cells in melanoma patients, and their impact on clinical evolution. High proportions of circulating- and tumor-infiltrating γδT and δ2+ subset were associated with better clinical outcome. We reported however that circulating and tumor-infiltrating γδT cells from melanoma patients displayed an altered expression of NCR, KIR, and immune checkpoints, and identified NKp44, PD1, 41BB/41BBL, TIM3, and LAG3 as crucial checkpoints allowing immune escape and tumor progression. Notably, melanoma drastically impaired the ability of γδT cells to exhibit activation molecules, secrete cytokines, and display cytotoxicity toward melanoma in response to stimulation with phosphoantigens. It drove them toward regulatory and Th17 profiles associated with poor clinical outcomes. Our study highlights that melanoma hijacked γδT cells to escape from immune control, and revealed that circulating and tumor-infiltrating γδT cell features are promising potential biomarkers of clinical evolution. Such understanding of the physiopathology of γδT cells may help designing new therapeutic approaches exploiting the antitumor potential of γδT cells while counteracting their skewing by tumors to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Girard
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne Rhone-Alpes, R&D-Laboratory, Grenoble, France.,University Grenoble Alpes, EMR EFS-UGA-INSERM U1209- CNRS, Immunobiology & Immunotherapy of Chronic Diseases, Grenoble, France
| | - Julie Charles
- University Grenoble Alpes, EMR EFS-UGA-INSERM U1209- CNRS, Immunobiology & Immunotherapy of Chronic Diseases, Grenoble, France.,Dermatology clinic, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Camille Cluzel
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne Rhone-Alpes, R&D-Laboratory, Grenoble, France.,University Grenoble Alpes, EMR EFS-UGA-INSERM U1209- CNRS, Immunobiology & Immunotherapy of Chronic Diseases, Grenoble, France
| | - Emmanuelle Degeorges
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne Rhone-Alpes, R&D-Laboratory, Grenoble, France.,University Grenoble Alpes, EMR EFS-UGA-INSERM U1209- CNRS, Immunobiology & Immunotherapy of Chronic Diseases, Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Manches
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne Rhone-Alpes, R&D-Laboratory, Grenoble, France.,University Grenoble Alpes, EMR EFS-UGA-INSERM U1209- CNRS, Immunobiology & Immunotherapy of Chronic Diseases, Grenoble, France
| | - Joel Plumas
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne Rhone-Alpes, R&D-Laboratory, Grenoble, France.,University Grenoble Alpes, EMR EFS-UGA-INSERM U1209- CNRS, Immunobiology & Immunotherapy of Chronic Diseases, Grenoble, France.,pDCline Pharma, Grenoble, France
| | - Florence De Fraipont
- University Grenoble Alpes, EMR EFS-UGA-INSERM U1209- CNRS, Immunobiology & Immunotherapy of Chronic Diseases, Grenoble, France.,Department of Biochemistry of Cancers and Biotherapies, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Marie-Therese Leccia
- University Grenoble Alpes, EMR EFS-UGA-INSERM U1209- CNRS, Immunobiology & Immunotherapy of Chronic Diseases, Grenoble, France.,Dermatology clinic, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Stephane Mouret
- University Grenoble Alpes, EMR EFS-UGA-INSERM U1209- CNRS, Immunobiology & Immunotherapy of Chronic Diseases, Grenoble, France.,Dermatology clinic, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Laurence Chaperot
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne Rhone-Alpes, R&D-Laboratory, Grenoble, France.,University Grenoble Alpes, EMR EFS-UGA-INSERM U1209- CNRS, Immunobiology & Immunotherapy of Chronic Diseases, Grenoble, France
| | - Caroline Aspord
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne Rhone-Alpes, R&D-Laboratory, Grenoble, France.,University Grenoble Alpes, EMR EFS-UGA-INSERM U1209- CNRS, Immunobiology & Immunotherapy of Chronic Diseases, Grenoble, France
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Charles J, Giovannini D, Terzi N, Schwebel C, Sturm N, Masson D, Leccia MT, Cahn JY, Manches O, Bulabois CE, Chaperot L. Multi-organ failure induced by Nivolumab in the context of allo-stem cell transplantation. Exp Hematol Oncol 2019; 8:8. [PMID: 30963019 PMCID: PMC6437980 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-019-0132-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors have radically changed the landscape of anti-tumor therapies in several malignancies. However the adverse events associated with immune checkpoint blockade in combination with other treatments remains to be thoroughly documented. Here we report the case of a 33-year-old male with classical Hodgkin lymphoma who was successfully treated for lymphoma but experienced serious and eventually fatal multisystem organ failure following nivolumab administration and allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Case presentation The patient was diagnosed with stage IIIa nodular sclerosing Hodgkin lymphoma. Originally treated by chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation, he subsequently received two allogeneic stem cell transplants from matched and haplo-identical siblings upon successive disease recurrences. Nivolumab treatment was administered prior to the second allograft, after which complete remission of lymphoma was achieved (year 10), as evidenced by clinical and radiographic examination. However within the next 3 months, the patient went on to develop a constellation of symptoms affecting multiple organs, including acute pneumonia with no evidence of bacterial infection, widespread cutaneous eruptions on trunk and lower limbs, mucosal ulcerations, myositis, diarrhea and colitis. Further complications included hepatic cytolysis, acute renal failure, pancreatitis, as well as complete heart block. Some of these injuries being suggestive of graft-versus-host disease, the patient was administered immunosuppressive therapy (mycophenolate, steroids and polyvalent immunoglobulins), but died shortly afterwards. Tissue biopsies revealed extensive lymphocytic infiltration (mostly CD3 + T cells) in skin, liver, and most peculiarly in muscles, including the myocardium. Massive lymphoid-histiocytic infiltration of muscle fibers was accompanied by acute necrotizing myositis and endomysial inflammation. Conclusions Multi-organ failure represents a rare but potentially fatal outcome of immune checkpoint blockade in patients receiving allogeneic stem cell grafts. Nivolumab may induce atypical immune-mediated tissue inflammation and damage, such as the extensive muscular polymyositis described here in a patient with Hodgkin lymphoma. Nivolumab might also worsen GVHD symptoms in the context of allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Irrespective of the actual pathological mechanisms, clinicians should be alerted to these fatal drug-related toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Charles
- 1Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM 1209, UMR CNRS 5309, Grenoble, France.,2Dermatology Department, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Diane Giovannini
- 4Anatomic Pathology Department, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Nicolas Terzi
- 3Medical Intensive Care Unit, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France.,INSERM U1042, Grenoble, France
| | - Carole Schwebel
- 3Medical Intensive Care Unit, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France.,INSERM U1039, Grenoble, France
| | - Nathalie Sturm
- 4Anatomic Pathology Department, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Marie-Thérèse Leccia
- 1Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM 1209, UMR CNRS 5309, Grenoble, France.,2Dermatology Department, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Yves Cahn
- 5Hematology Department, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Manches
- 1Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM 1209, UMR CNRS 5309, Grenoble, France.,EFS-Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Laurence Chaperot
- 1Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM 1209, UMR CNRS 5309, Grenoble, France.,EFS-Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, Grenoble, France
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Nowatzky J, Stagnar C, Manches O. OMIP-053: Identification, Classification, and Isolation of Major FoxP3 Expressing Human CD4 + Treg Subsets. Cytometry A 2018; 95:264-267. [PMID: 30584695 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Nowatzky
- NYU School of Medicine, Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, New York, New York
| | - Cristy Stagnar
- NYU School of Medicine, Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, New York, New York
| | - Olivier Manches
- INSERM French National Institute of Health and Medical Research, Institute for Advanced Biosciences - Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases, Grenoble, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
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Nowatzky J, Manches O, Khan SA, Godefroy E, Bhardwaj N. Modulation of human Th17 cell responses through complement receptor 3 (CD11 b/CD18) ligation on monocyte-derived dendritic cells. J Autoimmun 2018; 92:57-66. [PMID: 29908907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Apoptotic cell receptors contribute to the induction of tolerance by modulating dendritic cell function following the uptake of apoptotic cells or microparticles. Dendritic cells that have bound or ingested apoptotic cells produce only low amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines and fail to prime effector T cell responses. Specifically, ligation of the apoptotic cell receptor CR3 (CD11 b/CD18) on human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDC) down-modates proinflammatory cytokine secretion, but the consequences for human Th17 cell homeostasis and effector responses remain unknown. Here, we aimed to establish whether CD11b-ligated moDC modulate Th17 cell effector reponses to assess their potential for future use in moDC-based suppressive immunotherapy. METHODS We generated a bead-based surrogate system to target CD11b on monocyte-derived human dendritic cells and examined the effects of CD11b ligation on Th17-skewing cytokine secretion, priming, expansion and functional plasticity in DC/T cell co-culture systems at the poly- and monoclonal level. RESULTS We show that Th17 cell expansion within the human memory CD4+ T cell compartment was efficiently constricted by targeting the CD11b receptor on moDC. This tolerogenic capacity was primarily dependent on cytokine skewing. Furthermore, ligation of CD11b on healthy homozygous carriers of the rs11143679 (ITGAM) variant - a strong genetic susceptibility marker for human systemic lupus erythematosus - also down-modulated the secretion of Th17-skewing cytokines. CONCLUSION Overall, our findings underline the potential of targeted CD11b ligation on human dendritic cells for the engineering of suppressive immunotherapy for Th17-related autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nina Bhardwaj
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Manches O, Muniz LR, Bhardwaj N. Dendritic Cell Biology. Hematology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35762-3.00023-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Abdel-Wahab O, Abrahm JL, Adams S, Adewoye AH, Allen C, Ambinder RF, Anasetti C, Anastasi J, Anderson JA, Antin JH, Antony AC, Araten DJ, Armand P, Armstrong G, Armstrong SA, Arnold DM, Artz AS, Awan FT, Baglin TP, Benson DM, Benz EJ, Berliner N, Bhagat G, Bhardwaj N, Bhatia R, Bhatia S, Bhatt MD, Bhatt VR, Bitan M, Blinderman CD, Bollard CM, Braun BS, Brenner MK, Brittenham GM, Brodsky RA, Brown M, Broxmeyer HE, Brummel-Ziedins K, Brunner AM, Buadi FK, Burkhardt B, Burns M, Byrd JC, Caimi PF, Caligiuri MA, Canavan M, Cantor AB, Carcao M, Carroll MC, Carty SA, Castillo JJ, Chan AK, Chapin J, Chiu A, Chute JP, Clark DB, Coates TD, Cogle CR, Connell NT, Cooke E, Cooley S, Corradini P, Creager MA, Creger RJ, Cromwell C, Crowther MA, Cushing MM, Cutler C, Dang CV, Danial NN, Dave SS, DeCaprio JA, Dinauer MC, Dinner S, Diz-Küçükkaya R, Dodd RY, Donato ML, Dorshkind K, Dotti G, Dror Y, Dunleavy K, Dvorak CC, Ebert BL, Eck MJ, Eikelboom JW, Epperla N, Ershler WB, Evans WE, Faderl S, Ferrara JL, Filipovich AH, Fischer M, Fredenburgh JC, Friedman KD, Fuchs E, Fuller SJ, Gailani D, Galipeau J, Gallagher PG, Ganapathi KA, Gardner LB, Gee AP, Gerson SL, Gertz MA, Giardina PJ, Gibson CJ, Golan K, Golub TR, Gonzales MJ, Gotlib J, Gottschalk S, Grant MA, Graubert TA, Gregg XT, Gribben JG, Gross DM, Gruber TA, Guitart J, Gurbuxani S, Gur-Cohen S, Gutierrez A, Hamadani M, Hari PN, Hartwig JH, Hayman SR, Hayward CP, Hebbel RP, Heslop HE, Hillis C, Hillyer CD, Ho K, Hockenbery DM, Hoffman R, Hogg KE, Holtan SG, Horny HP, Hsu YMS, Hunter ZR, Huntington JA, Iancu-Rubin C, Iqbal A, Isenman DE, Israels SJ, Italiano JE, Jaffe ES, Jaffer IH, Jagannath S, Jäger U, Jain N, James P, Jeha S, Jordan MB, Josephson CD, Jung M, Kager L, Kambayashi T, Kanakry JA, Kantarjian HM, Kaplan J, Karafin MS, Karsan A, Kaufman RJ, Kaufman RM, Keller FG, Kelly KM, Kessler CM, Key NS, Keyzner A, Khandoga AG, Khanna-Gupta A, Khatib-Massalha E, Klein HG, Knoechel B, Kollet O, Konkle BA, Kontoyiannis DP, Koreth J, Koretzky GA, Kotecha D, Kremyanskaya M, Kumari A, Kuzel TM, Küppers R, Lacy MQ, Ladas E, Landier W, Lapid K, Lapidot T, Larson PJ, Levi M, Lewis RE, Liebman HA, Lillicrap D, Lim W, Lin JC, Lindblad R, Lip GY, Little JA, Lohr JG, López JA, Luscinskas FW, Maciejewski JP, Majhail NS, Manches O, Mandle RJ, Mann KG, Manno CS, Marcogliese AN, Mariani G, Marincola FM, Mascarenhas J, Massberg S, McEver RP, McGrath E, McKinney MS, Mehta RS, Mentzer WC, Merlini G, Merryman R, Michel M, Migliaccio AR, Miller JS, Mims MP, Mondoro TH, Moorehead P, Muniz LR, Munshi NC, Najfeld V, Nayak L, Nazy I, Neff AT, Ness PM, Notarangelo LD, O'Brien SH, O'Connor OA, O'Donnell M, Olson A, Orkin SH, Pai M, Pai SY, Paidas M, Panch SR, Pande RL, Papayannopoulou T, Parikh R, Petersdorf EW, Peterson SE, Pittaluga S, Ponce DM, Popolo L, Prchal JT, Pui CH, Puigserver P, Rak J, Ramos CA, Rand JH, Rand ML, Rao DS, Ravandi F, Rawlings DJ, Reddy P, Reding MT, Reiter A, Rice L, Riese MJ, Ritchey AK, Roberts DJ, Roman E, Rooney CM, Rosen ST, Rosenthal DS, Rossmann MP, Rot A, Rowley SD, Rubnitz JE, Rydz N, Salama ME, Sauk S, Saunthararajah Y, Savage W, Scadden D, Schaefer KG, Schiffman F, Schneidewend R, Schrier SL, Schuchman EH, Scullion BF, Selvaggi KJ, Senoo K, Shaheen M, Shaz BH, Shelburne SA, Shpall EJ, Shurin SB, Siegal D, Silberstein LE, Silberstein L, Silverstein RL, Sloan SR, Smith FO, Smith JW, Smith K, Steensma DP, Steinberg MH, Stock W, Storry JR, Stramer SL, Strauss RG, Stroncek DF, Taylor J, Thota S, Treon SP, Tulpule A, Valdes RF, Valent P, Vedantham S, Vercellotti GM, Verneris MR, Vichinsky EP, von Andrian UH, Vose JM, Wagner AJ, Wang E, Wang JH, Warkentin TE, Wasserstein MP, Webster A, Weisdorf DJ, Weitz JI, Westhoff CM, Wheeler AP, Widick P, Wiley JS, William BM, Williams DA, Wilson WH, Wolfe J, Wolgast LR, Wood D, Wu J, Yahalom J, Yee DL, Younes A, Young NS, Zeller MP. Contributors. Hematology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35762-3.00168-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Nowatzky J, Manasson J, Resnick E, Stagnar C, Manches O. High output flow cytometry array profiling facilitates discriminant phenotyping of peripheral blood cells from patients with different forms of autoimmune uveitis. The Journal of Immunology 2017. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.198.supp.55.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The information content of multi-parametric flow cytometry-based immune-phenotyping experiments is often underexploited given the paucity of adequate tools and strategies for large-scale unbiased data analysis. Here, we developed and applied a data analysis approach taking into account all mathematically possible combinations of markers in a given flow cytometry panel. We analyzed flow cytometry data generated from peripheral blood samples of healthy humans and patients with autoimmune uveitis in the setting of 2 different autoimmune diseases: Behcet’s disease and sarcoidosis. Original FACS data files were mined from Dryad Digital Repository http://dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.v6ste with reference to http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003215, and gated in bivariate plots. We employed combinatory mathematics to generate a matrix quantifying the representation of all possible cell populations using a given set of markers within the respective starting population and coded the algorithm to create a Java-based platform enabling the computation of large numbers of markers. Resulting metadata were visualized in a heat map approach. Our method enabled clustering of healthy vs diseased subjects using only 4 common markers (CD3, C8, CD197, and CD45), and of sarcoid vs Behcet’s patients with minimal error. Our approach demonstrates that multi-dimensional analysis of flow cytometry data allows meaningful large-scale screening of biologically relevant markers enabling classification and characterization of states of health and autoimmune disease. The approach is unbiased and has the potential to facilitate the discovery of cell populations with relevance as potential biomarkers or biological research targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Olivier Manches
- 3L’EFS en Rhône-Alpes-Auvergne Recherche et Développement “Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases”, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research, France
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O’Brien M, Manches O, Wilen C, Gopal R, Huq R, Wu V, Sunseri N, Bhardwaj N. CD4 Receptor is a Key Determinant of Divergent HIV-1 Sensing by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005553. [PMID: 27082754 PMCID: PMC4833349 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) are innate immune cells that sense viral nucleic acids through endosomal Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/9 to produce type I interferon (IFN) and to differentiate into potent antigen presenting cells (APC). Engagement of TLR7/9 in early endosomes appears to trigger the IRF7 pathway for IFN production whereas engagement in lysosomes seems to trigger the NF-κB pathway for maturation into APC. We showed previously that HIV-1 (HIV) localizes predominantly to early endosomes, not lysosomes, and mainly stimulate IRF7 rather than NF-κB signaling pathways in pDC. This divergent signaling may contribute to disease progression through production of pro-apoptotic and pro-inflammatory IFN and inadequate maturation of pDCs. We now demonstrate that HIV virions may be re-directed to lysosomes for NF-κB signaling by either pseudotyping HIV with influenza hemagglutinin envelope or modification of CD4 mediated-intracellular trafficking. These data suggest that HIV envelope-CD4 receptor interactions drive pDC activation toward an immature IFN producing phenotype rather than differentiation into a mature dendritic cell phenotype. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) are innate immune cells that are specialized to produce type I interferon (IFN) and to activate adaptive immune responses. Although IFN is an anti-viral cytokine, it may contribute more to pathogenesis than to protection during chronic viral infections, including chronic HIV infection. pDC sense HIV to produce abundant IFN but minimal NF- κB–dependent production of TNFα and minimal up-regulation of co-stimulatory molecules, suggesting that HIV promotes pDC to become interferon producing cells (IPC) rather than antigen presenting cells (APC). Here, we use florescent HIV virions pseudotyped with influenza hemagglutinin (HA) envelope and a cell system expressing CD4 molecules with modified intracellular trafficking. We found that HIV virions pseudotyped with HA stimulate pDC to mature, similar to influenza-stimulated pDC, and traffic intracellularly similarly to influenza. We also find that CD4-mediated intracellular trafficking guides HIV trafficking and downstream signaling. Our study presents new and important findings which demonstrate that divergent HIV sensing by pDC to produce IFN, rather than to become mature antigen presenting cells, is mediated specifically by CD4-HIV envelope interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan O’Brien
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: Meagan.O’ (MO); (OM)
| | - Olivier Manches
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Hess Center for Science and Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: Meagan.O’ (MO); (OM)
| | - Craig Wilen
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Ramya Gopal
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Hess Center for Science and Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Rumana Huq
- Microscopy Shared Resource Facility, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Vernon Wu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Hess Center for Science and Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Nicole Sunseri
- Department of Pediatrics, the University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Nina Bhardwaj
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Hess Center for Science and Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
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Nowatzky J, Manches O, Bhardwaj N, Lafaille J. Massive monoclonal expansion of functionally stable human regulatory T cells (THER5P.826). The Journal of Immunology 2014. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.192.supp.200.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Adoptive Treg transfer is a promising therapeutic strategy for autoimmune diseases. Most current approaches rely on the enrichment and in vitro expansion of non-clonal, presumably thymus-derived Treg cells. Limitations include low expansion rates, contaminating effector cells, and unstable suppressive activity. Here, we hypothesized that cloning of human CD4+CD127lowCD25highFoxP3+HELIOS+ cells yields a highly pure cellular product with stable suppressor function throughout repeated re-expansion cycles. Cloning was performed through selection for CD4+CD127lowCD25+ cells by magnetic bead isolation and expansion in limiting dilution conditions. Suppressor function was tested in suppression assays of CD3/CD28-stimulated allogeneic Teff cells. Clonality was assessed by Vbeta staining. To demonstrate validity of our approach for a human autoimmune disease we also cloned Treg from a patient with Behcet's disease, a multisystem vasculitis. Cloning efficiency was 2-5/100 seeded cells. Treg clones were homogenously CD4+CD127lowCD25highFoxP3+HELIOS+, and clonality was confirmed by staining for a unique TCR Vbeta chain. Clones maintained at least 80% suppression at a 1:4 Treg:Teff ratio over 8 weeks in in vitro culture. Expansion rate was up to 9.8 billion-fold. Our results indicate that massive expansion of human antigen-specific Treg clones is a feasible approach for the generation of large numbers of functionally stable regulatory T cells for preclinical and clinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olivier Manches
- 2Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Nina Bhardwaj
- 2Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY
- 1Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY
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Manches O, Frleta D, Bhardwaj N. Dendritic cells in progression and pathology of HIV infection. Trends Immunol 2013; 35:114-22. [PMID: 24246474 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Although the major targets of HIV infection are CD4⁺ T cells, dendritic cells (DCs) represent a crucial subset in HIV infection because they influence viral transmission and target cell infection and presentation of HIV antigens. DCs are potent antigen-presenting cells that can modulate antiviral immune responses. Through secretion of inflammatory cytokines and interferons (IFNs), DCs also alter T cell proliferation and differentiation, participating in the immune dysregulation characteristic of chronic HIV infection. Their wide distribution in close proximity with the mucosal epithelia makes them one of the first cell types to encounter HIV during sexual transmission. We discuss here the multiple roles that DCs play at different stages of HIV infection, emphasizing their relevance to HIV pathology and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Manches
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Hess Center for Science and Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, USA
| | - Davor Frleta
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Hess Center for Science and Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, USA
| | - Nina Bhardwaj
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Hess Center for Science and Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, USA.
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Godefroy E, Gallois A, Manches O, Ensanyat S, Jotereau F, Bhardwaj N. Abstract 457: Matrix metalloproteinase-2 modulates antitumor immunity. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Cancer cells, including melanoma, can be highly resistant to traditional treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. As a result, a lot of effort has been put into developing immune therapies to treat cancer patients. The main barrier to design effective immunotherapies is the immunosuppression induced by the tumor. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) is over-expressed in most cancers including melanoma, and its expression is associated with increased dissemination and poorer survival/prognosis. Here, we not only uncovered an immunosuppressive role of MMP-2 in inducing ineffective/detrimental TH2 immune responses, but also the underlying mechanisms.
Methods: Human dendritic cells (DCs) were cultured in the presence of MMP-2 and/or various TLR agonists. DCs responses were monitored using immunostaining, ELISA or cytometric bead array methods. Autologous CD4+ T cells were stimulated using these conditioned tumor-associated antigen (TAA)-pulsed DCs. TAA-specific CD4+ T cells were cloned and characterized using mainly the same techniques as for DCs.
Results: Here we showed that MMP-2-conditioned human DCs primed naïve CD4+ T cells to differentiate into an inflammatory TH2 phenotype, i.e. mainly secreting TNFα, IL-4 and IL-13 and expressing GATA3. Accordingly, we detected MMP-2-specific CD4+ T cells displaying the same inflammatory TH2 profile in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from melanoma patients. We revealed the underlying mechanisms: on the one hand, MMP-2 was found to degrade the type-I IFN receptor IFNAR1, thereby preventing STAT1 phosphorylation, which is necessary for IL-12 production. On the other hand, MMP-2 triggers the Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 on DCs, which leads to NF-κB activation and OX40L expression. Both lack of IL-12 and over-expression of OX40L were found responsible for skewing T cell responses towards a detrimental TH2 phenotype.
Conclusions: MMP-2, therefore, acts as an endogenous TH2 "conditioner" and may underlie the prevalence of detrimental TH2 responses in cancer. Our findings also described the responsible MMP-2-dependent mechanisms, which open the way to novel therapeutic strategies and/or targets to skew anti-tumor CD4+ T cell responses towards a more efficient anti-tumor TH1 phenotype to treat cancer patients.
Citation Format: Emmanuelle Godefroy, Anne Gallois, Olivier Manches, Shaheen Ensanyat, Francine Jotereau, Nina Bhardwaj. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 modulates antitumor immunity. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 457. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-457
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Gallois
- 1New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | - Nina Bhardwaj
- 1New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
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Ott PA, Henry T, Baranda SJ, Frleta D, Manches O, Bogunovic D, Bhardwaj N. Inhibition of both BRAF and MEK in BRAF(V600E) mutant melanoma restores compromised dendritic cell (DC) function while having differential direct effects on DC properties. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2013; 62:811-22. [PMID: 23306863 PMCID: PMC11028975 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-012-1389-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dendritic cells (DCs) can induce strong tumor-specific T-cell immune responses. Constitutive upregulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway by a BRAF(V600) mutation, which is present in about 50 % of metastatic melanomas, may be linked to compromised function of DCs in the tumor microenvironment. Targeting both MEK and BRAF has shown efficacy in BRAF(V600) mutant melanoma. METHODS We co-cultured monocyte-derived human DCs with melanoma cell lines pretreated with the MEK inhibitor U0126 or the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib. Cytokine production (IL-12 and TNF-α) and surface marker expression (CD80, CD83, and CD86) in DCs matured with the Toll-like receptor 3/Melanoma Differentiation-Associated protein 5 agonist polyI:C was examined. Additionally, DC function, viability, and T-cell priming capacity were assessed upon direct exposure to U0126 and vemurafenib. RESULTS Cytokine production and co-stimulation marker expression were suppressed in polyI:C-matured DCs exposed to melanoma cells in co-cultures. This suppression was reversed by MAPK blockade with U0126 and/or vemurafenib only in melanoma cell lines carrying a BRAF(V600E) mutation. Furthermore, when testing the effect of U0126 directly on DCs, marked inhibition of function, viability, and DC priming capacity was observed. In contrast, vemurafenib had no effect on DC function across a wide range of dose concentrations. CONCLUSIONS BRAF(V600E) mutant melanoma cells modulate DC through the MAPK pathway as its blockade can reverse suppression of DC function. MEK inhibition negatively impacts DC function and viability if applied directly. In contrast, vemurafenib does not have detrimental effects on important functions of DCs and may therefore be a superior candidate for combination immunotherapy approaches in melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A Ott
- New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, 522 First Avenue, SRB 1303, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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Miller EA, Spadaccia MR, O’Brien MP, Rolnitzky L, Sabado R, Manches O, Frleta D, Bhardwaj N. Plasma factors during chronic HIV-1 infection impair IL-12 secretion by myeloid dendritic cells via a virus-independent pathway. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2012; 61:535-44. [PMID: 22902724 PMCID: PMC3508089 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0b013e31826afbce] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myeloid dendritic cell (mDC) dysfunction during HIV infection may hinder the formation of both innate and adaptive immune responses and contribute to pathogenesis. Our objective was to determine whether circulating factors during chronic HIV infection impair mDC function with respect to secretion of IL-12, a pro-Th1 cytokine, and T-cell stimulatory capacity. Particular focus was placed on the effect of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and the role of HIV itself on mDC function. METHODS Monocyte-derived DC (moDC) from uninfected donors were exposed to plasma from HIV-infected individuals before Toll-like receptor (TLR) stimulation. Cytokine secretion was measured via cytokine bead arrays, and T-cell proliferation and IFNγ secretion was evaluated after coculture with naive CD4 T cells. Expression of genes central to TLR-mediated signal transduction was analyzed via quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) arrays and western blot. RESULTS Exposure of monocyte-derived DC to plasma from untreated HIV-infected donors suppressed secretion of IL-12, and impaired Th1-skewing of CD4 T cells. The suppressive effect was less by plasma donors receiving cART. Removal of virus from plasma did not relieve suppression nor was IL-12 secretion decreased on addition of HIV to control plasma. On a transcriptional level, decreased expression of IKKβ, a key regulator in the TLR/NF-kappaB signaling pathway, corresponded to suppressed cytokine secretion. CONCLUSIONS Plasma factors during chronic HIV infection impair mDC function in a manner that likely impacts the formation of immune responses to HIV, opportunistic pathogens, and vaccines. Despite partial alleviation by cART, this suppression was not directly mediated by HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Miller
- Division of Infectious Diseases, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, 10016, USA
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Meredith R. Spadaccia
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Meagan P. O’Brien
- Division of Infectious Diseases, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, 10016, USA
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Linda Rolnitzky
- Division of Biostatistics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Rachel Sabado
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Olivier Manches
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Davor Frleta
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Nina Bhardwaj
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, 10016, USA
- Division of Biostatistics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, 10016, USA
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Manches O, Fernandez MV, Plumas J, Chaperot L, Bhardwaj N. HIV triggers immunoregulatory dendritic cells and regulatory T cells through the non-canonical NF-kB pathway. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3441636 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Manches O, Fernandez MV, Plumas J, Chaperot L, Bhardwaj N. Activation of the noncanonical NF-κB pathway by HIV controls a dendritic cell immunoregulatory phenotype. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:14122-7. [PMID: 22879398 PMCID: PMC3435221 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1204032109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV modulates plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) activation via Toll-like receptor 7, inducing type I IFN and inflammatory cytokines. Simultaneously, pDCs up-regulate the expression of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO), which is essential for the induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs), which function to down-modulate immune activation. Here we demonstrate the crucial importance of the noncanonical NF-κB pathway in the establishment of this immunoregulatory phenotype in pDCs. In response to HIV, the noncanonical NF-κB pathway directly induces IDO and involves the recruitment of TNF receptor-associated factor-3 to the Toll-like receptor/MyD88 complex, NF-κB-inducing kinase-dependent IκB kinase-α activation, and p52/RelB nuclear translocation. We also show that pDC-induced Tregs can inhibit conventional DC (cDC) maturation partially through cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen (CTLA)-4 engagement. Furthermore, CTLA-4 induces IDO in cDCs in a NF-κB-inducing kinase-dependent way. These CTLA-4-conditioned cDCs can in turn induce Treg differentiation in an IDO-dependent manner. Thus, the noncanonical NF-κB pathway is integral in controlling immunoregulatory phenotypes of both pDCs and cDCs.
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MESH Headings
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/virology
- Gene Expression/immunology
- Gene Knockdown Techniques
- HIV Infections/immunology
- HIV Infections/metabolism
- Humans
- I-kappa B Kinase/genetics
- I-kappa B Kinase/immunology
- I-kappa B Kinase/metabolism
- Immunophenotyping
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/genetics
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/immunology
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/metabolism
- Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/immunology
- Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/metabolism
- NF-kappa B p52 Subunit/immunology
- NF-kappa B p52 Subunit/metabolism
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/immunology
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/virology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/virology
- TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 3/immunology
- TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 3/metabolism
- NF-kappaB-Inducing Kinase
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Manches
- Cancer Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016
| | | | - Joel Plumas
- Immunologie et Immunotherapie des Cancers, U823, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 38700 La Tronche, France
- Université Joseph Fourier, 38000 Grenoble, France; and
- Laboratoire R&D, Etablissement Français du sang Rhône-Alpes, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Laurence Chaperot
- Immunologie et Immunotherapie des Cancers, U823, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 38700 La Tronche, France
- Université Joseph Fourier, 38000 Grenoble, France; and
- Laboratoire R&D, Etablissement Français du sang Rhône-Alpes, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Nina Bhardwaj
- Cancer Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016
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Gallois A, Godefroy E, Manches O, Bhardwaj N. Effect of matrix metalloproteinase-2 on CD8+ T cell and NK cell responses. J Clin Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e21081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e21081 Background: Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) cleaves many components of the extracellular matrix and is over-expressed in several cancers including melanoma. High levels of MMP-2 expressed by tumors are associated with later tumor stages, increased dissemination and poorer survival/prognosis. We recently identified a pathway whereby MMP-2 functions as a human endogenous “conditioner” that skews CD4+ T cells towards a detrimental/inefficient TH2 phenotype through OX40L expression and inhibition of IL-12p70 production. We unraveled the underlying mechanism: MMP-2 degrades the type I IFN receptor (IFNAR1), thereby preventing STAT1 phosphorylation necessary for IL-12 production. Here, we described IFNAR1 as a novel MMP-2 substrate. This finding opens the way to characterize a possible new immunosuppressive effect of MMP-2 on other IFNAR1+ immune cells such as NK cells and CD8+ T cells. Methods: CD8+ T cells and NK cells were purified from PBMCs and incubated with MMP-2 overnight. IFNAR1 expression was assessed by FACS and Western Blot. Granzyme B, TNF alpha and IFN gamma expression was determined by intracellular staining of memory T cells. NK cells cytotoxicity was measured by Lamp-1 expression after 4h of coculture with K562 cells. Results: We first found that IFNAR1 is expressed by NK and CD8+ T cells and confirmed that MMP-2 degraded it. Memory CD8+ T cells significantly down-regulate granzyme B expression in the presence of MMP-2. Furthermore, memory CD8+ T cells pre-incubated with MMP-2 were significantly impaired with respect to IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha production. Finally, our data suggest that NK cells’ cytotoxicity might also be affected by MMP-2 through modulation of Granzyme B production. Conclusions: Our data strongly suggest that MMP-2 regulates memory CD8+ T cells not only by down regulating cytolytic activity through inhibition of granzyme B, but also by inhibiting cytokine production such as IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. Elucidating the underlying mechanisms of MMP-2-dependent immune regulation should lead to the development of innovative immune therapies bypassing tumor escape to treat cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Gallois
- New York University Langone Medical Center Cancer Institute, New York, NY
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Godefroy E, Gallois A, Manches O, Jotereau F, Bhardwaj N. Effect of matrix metalloproteinase-2 on antitumor immunity. J Clin Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.2570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
2570 Background: Cancer cells, including melanoma, can be highly resistant to traditional treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. As a result, a lot of effort has been put into developing immune therapies to treat cancer patients. The main barrier to design effective immunotherapies is the immunosuppression induced by the tumor. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) is over-expressed in most cancers including melanoma, and its expression is associated with increased dissemination and poorer survival/prognosis. Here, we uncovered an immunosuppressive role of MMP-2 in inducing ineffective/detrimental TH2 immune responses and its underlying mechanisms. Methods: Human dendritic cells (DCs) were cultured in the presence of MMP-2 or various TLR agonists. DCs responses were monitored using immunostaining, ELISA or cytometric bead array methods. Autologous CD4+ T cells were stimulated using these conditioned tumor-associated antigen (TAA)-pulsed DCs. TAA-specific CD4+ T cells were cloned and characterized using the same techniques as for DCs. Results: Herewe showed that MMP-2-conditioned human DCs primed naïve CD4+ T cells into an inflammatory TH2 phenotype, i.e. mainly secreting TNFα, IL-4 and IL-13 and expressing GATA3. Accordingly, we detected MMP-2-specific CD4+ T cells displaying the same inflammatory TH2 profile in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from melanoma patients. We revealed the underlying mechanisms: on the one hand, MMP-2 was found to degrade the type-I IFN receptor IFNAR1, thereby preventing STAT1 phosphorylation, which is necessary for IL-12 production. On the other hand, MMP-2 triggers the Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 on DCs, which leads to NF-kB activation and OX40L expression. Both lack of IL-12 and over-expression of OX40L were found responsible for skewing T cell responses towards a detrimental TH2 phenotype. Conclusions: MMP-2, therefore, acts as an endogenous TH2 "conditioner" and may underlie the prevalence of detrimental TH2 responses in cancer. Our findings also described the responsible MMP-2-dependent mechanisms, which open the way to novel therapeutic strategies and/or targets to skew anti-tumor CD4+ T cell responses towards a more efficient anti-tumor TH1 phenotype to treat cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Gallois
- New York University Langone Medical Center Cancer Institute, New York, NY
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Nowatzky J, Khan S, Manches O, Bhardwaj N. CD11b/CD18 ligation on monocyte-derived dendritic cells dampens human Th17 cell responses (52.6). The Journal of Immunology 2012. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.188.supp.52.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Manipulating monocyte-derived DC (moDC) to alter effector T cell responses is an important strategy for the development of suppressive immunotherapy. We have previously shown that the ligation of CD11b/CD18 on moDC decreases the secretion of the Th17-skewing inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6, but maintains “immunosuppressive” TGF-β1. Here, we hypothesized that this “tolerogenic” DC-profile would diminish Th17 responses in peripheral human T cell populations. Healthy donor PBMC were differentiated into moDC in IL-4, GM CSF-supplemented media for 5 days. CD11b/CD18 on moDC was targeted via a bead-based surrogate system developed in our lab. Irrelevant IgG, or avb5, and beads without antibodies were used as controls. DC were stimulated with LPS and MDP or PGN or not stimulated, and then co-cultured with enriched CD4+ human T memory cells. IL-17 secretion was monitored per CBA after 24 hours and/or 4 days, and Th17 frequency assessed by ICS following restimulation with PMA/Ionomycin after 2 weeks. LPS/MDP or PGN-stimulated moDC induced significant increases in co-culture supernatant IL-17 levels and CD4+ Th17 cell frequencies (up to15%). Strikingly, these changes were significantly reduced in CD11b/CD18-ligated DC/T cell conditions, showing reversal of this NOD2/TLR4 or TLR2-mediated expansion effect though ligation of CD11b/CD18 on moDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Nowatzky
- 1Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY
- 2Cancer Institute, NYU Sch. of Med., New York, NY
| | - Shaukat Khan
- 2Cancer Institute, NYU Sch. of Med., New York, NY
| | | | - Nina Bhardwaj
- 2Cancer Institute, NYU Sch. of Med., New York, NY
- 1Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY
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Bhardwaj N, Godefroy E, Jotereau F, Manches O, Gallois A, Goldberg J. Abstract SY40-02: Interplay between microenvironment and cancers. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2012-sy40-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Tumors are highly adept at evading the immune system through a multitude of mechanisms, including the secretion of factors that modulate both innate and adaptive immunity. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) is a proteolytic enzyme that degrades the extracellular matrix and is over expressed by many tumors, including melanoma. We recently documented the presence of MMP-2-specific CD4(+) T cells in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in several melanoma patients (Cancer Cell 19:333, 2011). Strikingly, MMP-2-specific CD4(+) T cells displayed an inflammatory T(H)2 profile, mainly TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-13 and expressing GATA-3. When exposed to MMP-2, immature human dendritic cells (DCs) primed naïve CD4(+) T cells to differentiate into an inflammatory T(H)2 phenotype through OX40L expression and inhibition of IL-12p70 production. MMP-2 was subsequently found to degrade the type I IFN receptor, thereby preventing STAT1 phosphorylation, which is necessary for IL-12p35 production, and the subsequent formation of bioactive IL-12. More recently we have explored the mechanisms underlying the up regulation of OX40L and have identified signaling pathways and potential receptors that lead to this modulation. Active MMP-2, therefore, acts as an endogenous type 2 “conditioner” providing an explanation for the observed prevalence of detrimental type 2 responses in melanoma. Novel properties of MMP-2 on other components of the immune system, and on tumor progression, will be discussed along with DC-based strategies to alleviate immune suppression.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr SY40-02. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-SY40-02
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Bogunovic D, Manches O, Godefroy E, Yewdall A, Gallois A, Salazar AM, Marie I, Levy DE, Bhardwaj N. TLR4 engagement during TLR3-induced proinflammatory signaling in dendritic cells promotes IL-10-mediated suppression of antitumor immunity. Cancer Res 2011; 71:5467-76. [PMID: 21730023 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-3988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists are promising adjuvants for immune therapy of cancer, but their potential efficacy as single or combinatorial agents has yet to be fully evaluated. Here, we report that among all TLR agonists tested, dendritic cells (DC) stimulated with the TLR3 agonist polyI:C displayed the strongest activity in stimulating proinflammatory responses and the production of melanoma antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells. Simultaneous treatment with TLR7/8 agonists further improved these responses, but the inclusion of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a TLR4 agonist, suppressed proinflammatory cytokine production. This inhibition was contingent upon rapid induction of the suppressive cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 by LPS, leading to dysregulated immune responses and it could be reversed by signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 knockdown, p38 blockade or antibodies to IL-10 and its receptor. Our findings show how certain TLR agonist combinations can enhance or limit DC responses associated with antitumor immunity, through their relative ability to induce IL-10 pathways that are immune suppressive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusan Bogunovic
- New York University Langone Medical Center Cancer Institute, New York, New York, USA
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Godefroy E, Manches O, Dréno B, Hochman T, Rolnitzky L, Labarrière N, Guilloux Y, Goldberg J, Jotereau F, Bhardwaj N. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 conditions human dendritic cells to prime inflammatory T(H)2 cells via an IL-12- and OX40L-dependent pathway. Cancer Cell 2011; 19:333-46. [PMID: 21397857 PMCID: PMC3073826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2011.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Revised: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) is a proteolytic enzyme degrading the extracellular matrix and overexpressed by many tumors. Here, we documented the presence of MMP-2-specific CD4(+) T cells in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from melanoma patients. Strikingly, MMP-2-specific CD4(+) T cells displayed an inflammatory T(H)2 profile, i.e., mainly secreting TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-13 and expressing GATA-3. Furthermore, MMP-2-conditioned dendritic cells (DCs) primed naïve CD4(+) T cells to differentiate into an inflammatory T(H)2 phenotype through OX40L expression and inhibition of IL-12p70 production. MMP-2 degrades the type I IFN receptor, thereby preventing STAT1 phosphorylation, which is necessary for IL-12p35 production. Active MMP-2, therefore, acts as an endogenous type 2 "conditioner" and may play a role in the observed prevalence of detrimental type 2 responses in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Godefroy
- New York University Langone Medical Center, Cancer Institute, New York, NY, USA
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O'Brien M, Manches O, Sabado RL, Baranda SJ, Wang Y, Marie I, Rolnitzky L, Markowitz M, Margolis DM, Levy D, Bhardwaj N. Spatiotemporal trafficking of HIV in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells defines a persistently IFN-α-producing and partially matured phenotype. J Clin Invest 2011; 121:1088-101. [PMID: 21339641 DOI: 10.1172/jci44960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Accepted: 12/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) are innate immune cells that are specialized to produce IFN-α and to activate adaptive immune responses. Although IFN-α inhibits HIV-1 replication in vitro, the production of IFN-α by HIV-activated pDCs in vivo may contribute more to HIV pathogenesis than to protection. We have now shown that HIV-stimulated human pDCs allow for persistent IFN-α production upon repeated stimulation, express low levels of maturation molecules, and stimulate weak T cell responses. Persistent IFN-α production by HIV-stimulated pDCs correlated with increased levels of IRF7 and was dependent upon the autocrine IFN-α/β receptor feedback loop. Because it has been shown that early endosomal trafficking of TLR9 agonists causes strong activation of the IFN-α pathway but weak activation of the NF-κB pathway, we sought to investigate whether early endosomal trafficking of HIV, a TLR7 agonist, leads to the IFN-α-producing phenotype we observed. We demonstrated that HIV preferentially traffics to the early endosome in human pDCs and therefore skews pDCs toward a partially matured, persistently IFN-α-secreting phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan O'Brien
- Division of Infectious Diseases, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA
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Bogunovic D, Manches O, Yewdall A, Marie I, Levy DE, Bhardwaj N. Effect of TLR4 engagement on TLR3-induced proinflammatory signaling in dendritic cells through IL-10, STAT3, and p38-dependent pathways and on antimelanoma CD8+ T-cell priming. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.8568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Abstract
Natural nonhuman primate hosts of SIV do not succumb to AIDS despite significant viral replication, a phenomenon attributed to reduced levels of chronic and deleterious "immune activation." Two studies in this issue of the JCI, by Bosinger et al. and Jacquelin et al., now show that SIV induces vigorous immune activation and upregulation of IFN-stimulated genes in both natural and susceptible hosts, but strikingly, the responses resolve only in the former (see the related articles, beginning on pages 3556 and 3544, respectively). Thus, natural hosts for SIV actively engage mechanisms to abort sustained immune activation and its associated harmful effects.
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Manches O, Munn D, Fallahi A, Lifson J, Chaperot L, Plumas J, Bhardwaj N. P16-52. HIV-activated human plasmacytoid DCs induce Tregs through an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-dependent mechanism. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767783 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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Manches O, Lui G, Molens JP, Sotto JJ, Chaperot L, Plumas J. Whole lymphoma B cells allow efficient cross-presentation of antigens by dendritic cells. Cytotherapy 2009; 10:642-9. [PMID: 18836919 DOI: 10.1080/14653240802317647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to compensate for the paucity of defined tumor antigens (Ag) in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, a promising approach might be the use of whole tumor cells as a source of tumor Ag to pulse antigen-presenting cells (APC). However, it is not presently known how the tumor cells should be delivered to APC to optimize the cross-presentation of tumor Ag to anti-tumor CD8 T cells. We aimed to compare CD20-opsonized, apoptotic and necrotic human tumor cells for their capacity to induce endocytosis and cross-presentation of tumor-associated Ag by dendritic cells (DC) or macrophages. METHODS Endocytosis of human tumor-derived material by macrophages or DC was monitored by flow cytometry. We used a previously described influenza model and studied cross-presentation of viral Ag as cellular surrogate tumor-associated Ag by APC after endocytosis of lymphoma B cells treated by inactivated influenza virus. RESULTS Optimal endocytosis was obtained when tumor cells were opsonized by an anti-CD20 antibody and, as expected, macrophages were more phagocytic than DC. However, Ag from opsonized, apoptotic and live cells, but not from necrotic lymphoma cells, were efficiently cross-presented by DC but not by macrophages. DISCUSSION We have developed a new model with human primary lymphoma cells to study the cross-presentation of tumor-associated Ag by APC. The results we have obtained support the use of whole lymphoma cells from patients to pulse DC to induce an anti-tumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Manches
- EFS Rhone-Alpes, Laboratoire R&D, La Tronche, France
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Manches O, Munn D, Fallahi A, Lifson J, Chaperot L, Plumas J, Bhardwaj N. HIV-activated human plasmacytoid DCs induce Tregs through an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-dependent mechanism. J Clin Invest 2008; 118:3431-9. [PMID: 18776940 DOI: 10.1172/jci34823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2007] [Accepted: 07/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) have been implicated as crucial cells in antiviral immune responses. On recognizing HIV, they become activated, secreting large amounts of IFN-alpha and inflammatory cytokines, thereby potentiating innate and adaptive antiviral immune responses. Here, we have shown that HIV-stimulated human pDCs can also induce the differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells into Tregs with suppressive function. This differentiation was independent of pDC production of IFN-alpha and primarily dependent on pDC expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, which was induced through the TLR/MyD88 pathway, following binding of HIV to CD4 and triggering of TLR7 by HIV genomic RNA. Functionally, the Tregs induced by pDCs were shown to inhibit the maturation of bystander conventional DCs. This study therefore reveals what we believe to be a novel mechanism by which pDC may regulate and potentially limit anti-HIV immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Manches
- NYU Cancer Institute, New York University, New York, New York, USA
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Adams S, O'Neill DW, Nonaka D, Hardin E, Chiriboga L, Siu K, Cruz CM, Angiulli A, Angiulli F, Ritter E, Holman RM, Shapiro RL, Berman RS, Berner N, Shao Y, Manches O, Pan L, Venhaus RR, Hoffman EW, Jungbluth A, Gnjatic S, Old L, Pavlick AC, Bhardwaj N. Immunization of malignant melanoma patients with full-length NY-ESO-1 protein using TLR7 agonist imiquimod as vaccine adjuvant. J Immunol 2008; 181:776-84. [PMID: 18566444 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.1.776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
T cell-mediated immunity to microbes and to cancer can be enhanced by the activation of dendritic cells (DCs) via TLRs. In this study, we evaluated the safety and feasibility of topical imiquimod, a TLR7 agonist, in a series of vaccinations against the cancer/testis Ag NY-ESO-1 in patients with malignant melanoma. Recombinant, full-length NY-ESO-1 protein was administered intradermally into imiquimod preconditioned sites followed by additional topical applications of imiquimod. The regimen was very well tolerated with only mild and transient local reactions and constitutional symptoms. Secondarily, we examined the systemic immune response induced by the imiquimod/NY-ESO-1 combination, and show that it elicited both humoral and cellular responses in a significant fraction of patients. Skin biopsies were assessed for imiquimod's in situ immunomodulatory effects. Compared with untreated skin, topical imiquimod induced dermal mononuclear cell infiltrates in all patients composed primarily of T cells, monocytes, macrophages, myeloid DCs, NK cells, and, to a lesser extent, plasmacytoid DCs. DC activation was evident. This study demonstrates the feasibility and excellent safety profile of a topically applied TLR7 agonist used as a vaccine adjuvant in cancer patients. Imiquimod's adjuvant effects require further evaluation and likely need optimization of parameters such as formulation, dose, and timing relative to Ag exposure for maximal immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Adams
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, New York University Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Adams S, O'Neill D, Nonaka D, Manches O, Chiriboga L, Siu K, Shao Y, Gnjatic S, Pavlick A, Bhardwaj N. Imiquimod: A TLR-7 agonist as adjuvant for a recombinant protein cancer vaccine. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.8545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
8545 Purpose: This clinical trial evaluates the safety and adjuvant activity of imiquimod, a toll-like receptor (TLR)-7 agonist, when given with a NY-ESO-1 protein vaccine. Imiquimod, by locally activating and recruiting dendritic cells (DCs) into the skin, is expected to stimulate antigen uptake by DCs, induce maturation and migration to draining lymph nodes, and to induce antigen-specific T and B cell immunity. Methods: Pilot study; 9 patients with resected stage 2B-3C malignant melanoma. Four 21 day cycles consisted of topical imiquimod cream (250 mg) on days 1–5 and id. injected NY-ESO-1 protein (100 mcg) into the site on day 3. Blood was drawn at several time points for immune monitoring; skin punch biopsies were obtained from control, imiquimod and vaccination sites 48 hours after the last vaccination. Results: The regimen was tolerated well, all patients completed four vaccinations. AEs were mild and transient and included injection site reactions (8/9 patients), fatigue (4/9 patients) and fever (2/9 patients). Significant levels of antigen-specific CD4+ or CD8+ T cell responses were not detected in ex-vivo ELISPOT assays. However, intracellular cytokine staining assays after in vitro pre-stimulation indicated that 6 of 8 subjects developed NY-ESO-1 CD4+ T cell responses. Humoral immunity was manifest by the induction of anti-NY-ESO-1 antibodies in 7/9 patients post-vaccination. Histochemistry of skin sections showed significant dermal mononuclear cell infiltrates in Imiquimod treated skin, whereas none were seen in untreated skin (p<0.01). IHC revealed markedly increased numbers of CD3+ (T-cells), CD68+ (macrophages/monocytes), CD123+ (plasmacytoid DCs) and DC-LAMP+ (mature myeloid DCs) immune cells in Imiquimod treated skin when compared with control skin of the same patients (p<0.05). Conclusion: Imiquimod, a topical immune response modifier, generated clear inflammatory infiltrates in the dermis, with significant increases in antigen-presenting cells and T cells. Imiquimod was well tolerated when used as an adjuvant to an NY-ESO-1 protein vaccine. Systemic immunity of both humoral and cellular types was induced in the majority of patients; however, responses were weak and the vaccine combination needs to be optimized in future studies. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Adams
- New York Univ Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY
| | - D. O'Neill
- New York Univ Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY
| | - D. Nonaka
- New York Univ Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY
| | - O. Manches
- New York Univ Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY
| | - L. Chiriboga
- New York Univ Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY
| | - K. Siu
- New York Univ Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY
| | - Y. Shao
- New York Univ Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY
| | - S. Gnjatic
- New York Univ Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY
| | - A. Pavlick
- New York Univ Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY
| | - N. Bhardwaj
- New York Univ Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY
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Mi JQ, Manches O, Wang J, Perron P, Weisbuch S, Marche PN, Renversez JC, Bensa JC, Sotto JJ, Cahn JY, Leroux D, Bonnefoix T. Development of autologous cytotoxic CD4+T clones in a human model of B-cell non-Hodgkin follicular lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2006; 135:324-35. [PMID: 16984392 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2006.06294.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy for cancer aims to generate cytotoxic cells that are capable of eradicating tumour cells. It has been well demonstrated that helper, non-cytotoxic CD4(+) T cells are important for the induction and maintenance of anti-tumour immunity exerted by cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells. In contrast, the existence of direct anti-tumour, effector cytotoxic CD4(+) T cells remains elusive, mainly due to the paucity of reliable experimental data, especially in human B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. This study developed an appropriate, autologous follicular B-cell non-Hodgkin follicular lymphoma model, including the in vitro establishment of a malignant, human leucocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) deficient B-cell line, and the generation of three autologous anti-tumour cytotoxic CD4(+) T-cell clones originating from the peripheral blood of the same patient. These three clones were considered as tumour specific, because they were capable of killing the malignant, HLA-I-deficient B-cell line through a classical HLA-II restricted perforin-mediated pathway, but did not lyse the Epstein-Barr virus-infected autologous normal B lymphocytes. All three CD4(+)clones were T-cell receptor Vbeta17-Dbeta1-Jbeta1.2 and exhibited an identical complementarity-determining region 3, suggesting the immunodominance of a single peptide antigen presented by tumour cells. Such lymphoma models would provide a useful tool for in vivo expansion and the adoptive transfer of selected CD4(+) cytotoxic cells in immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Qing Mi
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale [Inserm E353, Lymphoma Research Group (Molecular Bases of Tumor Progression)], Université Joseph Fourier, La Tronche, France.
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Chaperot L, Blum A, Manches O, Lui G, Angel J, Molens JP, Plumas J. Virus or TLR agonists induce TRAIL-mediated cytotoxic activity of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. J Immunol 2006; 176:248-55. [PMID: 16365416 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.176.1.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Among dendritic cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDC) represent a functionally distinct lineage. Regarding innate immunity, PDC secrete large amounts of type I IFN upon viral exposure or stimulation by microbial products such as unmethylated CpG-motif containing oligo-DNA due to their selective expression of TLR7 and TLR9. We asked whether they could acquire cytotoxic functions during the early phases of infection or after activation with TLR7 or TLR9 agonists. In the present study, we describe a human PDC cell line called GEN2.2, derived from leukemic PDC, that shares most of the phenotypic and functional features of normal PDC. We show that after contact with the influenza virus, GEN2.2, as well as normal PDC, acquires TRAIL and killer activity against TRAIL-sensitive target cells. Moreover, we show that activation of GEN2.2 cells by CpG-motif containing oligo-DNA or R848 also induces TRAIL and endows them with the ability to kill melanoma cells. Therefore, PDC may represent a major component of innate immunity that could participate to the clearance of infected cells and tumor cells. This phenomenon could be relevant for the efficacy of TLR7 or TLR9 agonists in the therapy of infectious disease and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Chaperot
- Department of Research and Development, Etablissement Français du Sang Rhône-Alpes Grenoble, La Tronche, France.
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Beignon AS, McKenna K, Skoberne M, Manches O, DaSilva I, Kavanagh DG, Larsson M, Gorelick RJ, Lifson JD, Bhardwaj N. Endocytosis of HIV-1 activates plasmacytoid dendritic cells via Toll-like receptor-viral RNA interactions. J Clin Invest 2005; 115:3265-75. [PMID: 16224540 PMCID: PMC1253628 DOI: 10.1172/jci26032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 501] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2005] [Accepted: 07/26/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 directly activates human plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) by upregulating the expression of costimulatory and MHC molecules and maturation markers, increasing T cell stimulatory activity, and inducing the production of type I interferons and TNF-alpha. A consequence of this activation is the bystander maturation of myeloid DCs and overall enhancement of antigen-presenting function. However, little is known about the mechanism(s) of pDC activation by HIV-1. Here we demonstrate by in vitro studies that IFN-alpha production by pDC in response to HIV-1 requires at least 2 interactions between the cell and virus. Initially, envelope-CD4 interactions mediate endocytosis of HIV-1, as demonstrated through the use of inhibitors of binding, fusion, endocytosis, and endosomal acidification. Subsequently, endosomally delivered viral nucleic acids, particularly RNA, stimulate pDCs through TLRs, as activation is reproduced with purified genomic RNA but not viral RNA packaging-deficient HIV-1 and blocked with different inhibitory TLR ligands. Finally, by using genetic complementation, we show that TLR7 is the likely primary target. Viral RNA rather than DNA in early retrotranscripts appears to be the active factor in HIV-1 that induces IFN-alpha secretion by pDCs. Since the decline in pDCs in chronic HIV-1 infection is associated with high viral loads and opportunistic infections, exploiting this natural adjuvant activity of HIV-1 RNA might be useful in the development of vaccines for the prevention of AIDS.
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Gafa V, Manches O, Pastor A, Drouet E, Ambroise-Thomas P, Grillot R, Aldebert D. Human cytomegalovirus downregulates complement receptors (CR3, CR4) and decreases phagocytosis by macrophages. J Med Virol 2005; 76:361-6. [PMID: 15902695 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.20358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is associated with an increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections. Although the subversion of adaptive immune responses has been extensively studied, the consequences of HCMV infection on natural immune responses are not well documented. A striking selective downmodulation of CD11b/CD18 (CR3) or CD11c/CD18 (CR4) was found upon HCMV infection, on two models, the monocytic THP-1 cell line and monocyte- derived macrophages. HCMV-infected macrophages have an altered adhesion/phagocytic capacity to Candida albicans, a pathogen responsible for some opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients. These results suggest a new mechanism implicated in the augmentation of opportunistic infections in HCMV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Gafa
- Laboratoire Interactions Cellulaires Parasites-Hôte (ICPH) UJF EA-2940, Faculté de Médecine-Pharmacie, Domaine de la Merci, La Tronche, France
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Manches O, Plumas J, Lui G, Chaperot L, Molens JP, Sotto JJ, Bensa JC, Galili U. Anti-Gal-mediated targeting of human B lymphoma cells to antigen-presenting cells: a potential method for immunotherapy using autologous tumor cells. Haematologica 2005; 90:625-34. [PMID: 15921377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The residual tumor cells remaining after completion of standard chemotherapy and radiation treatment in B lymphoma patients, may be eradicated by active immunotherapy that stimulates tumor-specific T lymphocytes. Irradiated autologous lymphoma cells expressing tumor-associated antigens (TAA) may serve as a potential tumor vaccine, provided that they are effectively targeted to the antigen-presenting cells (APC). We propose exploiting the natural anti-Gal antibody in order to target vaccinating tumor cells to APC. Anti-Gal constitutes 1% of IgG in human serum and interacts specifically with the alpha-gal epitope (Galalpha1-3Galphalbeta1-4GlcNAc-R). DESIGN AND METHODS Alpha-gal epitopes were synthesized in vitro on the membrane of primary lymphoma cells by using the recombinant glycosylation enzyme alpha1,3galactosyltransferase (alpha1,3GT). Processed tumor cells were opsonized by purified anti-Gal antibodies and studied for uptake (phagocytosis) by APC including monocyte-derived macrophages and dendritic cells. Cross-presentation of tumor antigens after phagocytosis of processed MHC-I negative lymphoma cells was measured by activation of a tumor-specific CD8+ T-cell line. RESULTS We demonstrate synthesis of alpha-gal epitopes on freshly isolated B lymphoma cells of various types following the use of the recombinant enzyme alpha1,3GT. The subsequent binding of anti-Gal to the de novo synthesized alphagal epitopes opsonizes these tumor cells for effective uptake by macrophages and dendritic cells, through phagocytosis mediated by FcgammaR1 (CD64). Moreover, anti-Gal-mediated phagocytosis resulted in cross-presentation of TAA by dendritic cells. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that immunization with irradiated autologous lymphoma cells processed to express alpha-gal epitopes will result in anti-Gal-mediated, in vivo targeting of the autologous tumor vaccine to APC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Manches
- Research and Development Laboratory, EFS Rhône-Alpes, Grenoble, EA 2021, France
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Very few tumoral Ags have yet been isolated in NHL B cells. It is nevertheless possible to use whole tumor cells as a source of tumor Ags. We describe the purification of large numbers of human NHL B cells directly from lymph node or spleen biopsies, and different preparations allowing their use in a clinical setting. METHODS The purification procedure consists of the negative selection of tumor B cells: cells to be eliminated are opsonized by CD2 Abs, and then coupled to magnetic beads for separation by the Isolex 300 magnetic separator. RESULTS The mean yield of the purification was 74% for CD19+ cells, with a mean purity of 87%, dependent on the initial fraction of tumor cells in the biopsy. Using this procedure, a large number of purified tumor cells can be recovered from a biopsy in sterile conditions. We also describe treatments of B cells that can enhance their uptake by APCs, a critical step in anti-tumor immunotherapy strategies. Cells were opsonized by rituximab, or induced in apoptosis by irradiation, or necrosis by heating. Cell lysates were directly prepared from purified tumor cells. DISCUSSION These procedures were reproducible on every lymphoma cell, and treated cells were phagocytosed by APCs. The methodology described here allows the evaluation of the immunological potential of apoptotic, necrotic, opsonized lymphoma cells, or their lysates, in a clinical setting.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Monoclonal
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
- Antigen Presentation/immunology
- Antigen-Presenting Cells/immunology
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Apoptosis/radiation effects
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Biopsy
- Cell Separation/methods
- Humans
- Immunotherapy/methods
- Lymph Nodes/cytology
- Lymph Nodes/immunology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/immunology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/pathology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/therapy
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/immunology
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/pathology
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/therapy
- Necrosis
- Phagocytosis/immunology
- Rituximab
- Spleen/cytology
- Spleen/immunology
- Subcellular Fractions/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lui
- Department of Research and Development, Research Group on Lymphoma, EFS Rhône-Alpes Grenoble, La Tronche, France
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Vincent S, Tourniaire F, El Yazidi CM, Compe E, Manches O, Plannels R, Roche R. Nelfinavir Induces Necrosis of 3T3F44-2A Adipocytes by Oxidative Stress. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2004; 37:1556-62. [PMID: 15577407 DOI: 10.1097/00126334-200412150-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Protease inhibitor treatment strongly diminishes mortality in HIV-infected patients. This treatment has also been associated with lipodystrophy and has been shown to alter adipocyte differentiation. The protease inhibitor nelfinavir has been indirectly implicated in the appearance and development of lipodystrophic syndrome, as well as in adipocyte cell death. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of nelfinavir on the 3T3-F442A adipocyte cell line. Nelfinavir (30 microM) induced cell death of 3T3-F442A adipocytes by a necrotic process that was not mediated by TNF-alpha. Treatment of cells with this protease inhibitor led to a significant increase in expression of the heme oxygenase-1 gene that could be reduced by 100 microM of the antioxidant ascorbate. Moreover, ascorbate had a protective effect on nelfinavir-induced necrosis, decreasing the percentage of necrotic cells by 70%. Our results show that nelfinavir induces necrosis of adipocytes mediated by a cellular increase of reactive oxygen species. This deleterious effect could be counterbalanced by ascorbate.
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Abstract
Despite the fact that extracorporal photochemotherapy (ECP) is now broadly used for the treatment of graft versus host disease or T-cell lymphomas, the mechanisms of its action remain enigmatic. This work provides a synthesis of the main results suggesting the initiation by ECP of an immune reaction responsible for the down modulation of pathogenic T-cell functions, with a special focus on the role of dendritic cells in this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Plumas
- Department of Research and Development and Cell Therapy Unit, EFS Rhône-Alpes, CHU Michalon, UJF, Grenoble, France
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Jacob MC, Manches O, Drillat P, Richard MJ, Plumas J, Chaperot L, Hegelhofer H, Garban F, Gressin R, Favrot M, Bensa JC, Pernollet M. Quality control for the validation of extracorporeal photopheresis process using the Vilbert-Lourmat UV-A irradiation's system. Transfus Apher Sci 2003; 28:63-70. [PMID: 12620270 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-0502(02)00101-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In agreement with good practices for therapeutic use of human cells, quality control has to be performed to valid the process of extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) with the Vilbert-Lourmat system. Since no protocol exists, we evaluated a technique based on the measurement of the inhibition of mitogen (PHA, Con-A, OKT3)-induced proliferation, in 164 procedures from 16 patients. Whatever the pathology, we observed a high proliferation rate in most samples, and we obtained over 90% ECP-induced inhibition in as many as 94% of the cases. Since this approach proved to be relevant regarding our objective, a protocol for the ECP process validation is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Christine Jacob
- Laboratory of Immunology, UMTCT, Rhône-Alpes French Blood Establishment, site of Grenoble, 29 avenue du maquis du Grésivaudan, 38701 La-Tronche, France.
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