1
|
Machado LC, Dezordi FZ, de Lima GB, de Lima RE, Silva LCA, Pereira LDM, da Silva AF, Silva Neto AMD, Oliveira ALSD, Armstrong ADC, Pessoa-E-Silva R, Loyo RM, Silva BDO, de Almeida AR, da Rocha Pitta MG, Santos FDADS, Mendonça Siqueira M, Resende PC, Delatorre E, Naveca FG, Miyajima F, Gräf T, do Carmo RF, Pereira MC, Campos TDL, Bezerra MF, Paiva MHS, Wallau GDL. Spatiotemporal transmission of SARS-CoV-2 lineages during 2020-2021 in Pernambuco-Brazil. Microbiol Spectr 2024:e0421823. [PMID: 38651879 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04218-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 virus emerged as a new threat to humans and spread around the world, leaving a large death toll. As of January 2023, Brazil is among the countries with the highest number of registered deaths. Nonpharmacological and pharmacological interventions have been heterogeneously implemented in the country, which, associated with large socioeconomic differences between the country regions, has led to distinct virus spread dynamics. Here, we investigate the spatiotemporal dispersion of SARS-CoV-2 lineages in the Pernambuco state (Northeast Brazil) throughout the distinct epidemiological scenarios that unfolded in the first 2 years of the pandemic. We generated a total of 1,389 new SARS-CoV-2 genomes from June 2020 to August 2021. This sampling captured the arrival, communitary transmission, and the circulation of the B1.1, B.1.1.28, and B.1.1.33 lineages; the emergence of the former variant of interest P.2; and the emergence and fast replacement of all previous variants by the more transmissible variant of concern P.1 (Gamma). Based on the incidence and lineage spread pattern, we observed an East-to-West to inner state pattern of transmission, which is in agreement with the transmission of more populous metropolitan areas to medium- and small-size country-side cities in the state. Such transmission patterns may be partially explained by the main routes of traffic across municipalities in the state. Our results highlight that the fine-grained intrastate analysis of lineages and incidence spread can provide actionable insights for planning future nonpharmacological intervention for air-borne transmissible human pathogens.IMPORTANCEDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, Brazil was one of the most affected countries, mainly due its continental-size, socioeconomic differences among regions, and heterogeneous implementation of intervention methods. In order to investigate SARS-CoV-2 dynamics in the state of Pernambuco, we conducted a spatiotemporal dispersion study, covering the period from June 2020 to August 2021, to comprehend the dynamics of viral transmission during the first 2 years of the pandemic. Throughout this study, we were able to track three significant epidemiological waves of transmission caused by B1.1, B.1.1.28, B.1.1.33, P.2, and P.1 lineages. These analyses provided valuable insights into the evolution of the epidemiological landscape, contributing to a deeper understanding of the dynamics of virus transmission during the early years of the pandemic in the state of Pernambuco.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lais Ceschini Machado
- Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães (IAM)-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Filipe Zimmer Dezordi
- Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães (IAM)-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Núcleo de Bioinformática (NBI), Instituto Aggeu Magalhães (IAM), FIOCRUZ-Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Barbosa de Lima
- Núcleo de Plataformas Tecnológicas (NPT), Instituto Aggeu Magalhães (IAM), FIOCRUZ-Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Raul Emídio de Lima
- Núcleo de Plataformas Tecnológicas (NPT), Instituto Aggeu Magalhães (IAM), FIOCRUZ-Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Lilian Caroliny Amorim Silva
- Núcleo de Plataformas Tecnológicas (NPT), Instituto Aggeu Magalhães (IAM), FIOCRUZ-Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Leandro de Mattos Pereira
- Núcleo de Bioinformática (NBI), Instituto Aggeu Magalhães (IAM), FIOCRUZ-Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Freitas da Silva
- Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães (IAM)-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Núcleo de Bioinformática (NBI), Instituto Aggeu Magalhães (IAM), FIOCRUZ-Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - André Luiz Sá de Oliveira
- Núcleo de Estatística e Geoprocessamento, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães (IAM)- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Pernambuco- FIOCRUZ-PE, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Rômulo Pessoa-E-Silva
- Suely-Galdino Therapeutic Innovation Research Center (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Moraes Loyo
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães (IAM), FIOCRUZ-Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Barbara de Oliveira Silva
- Suely-Galdino Therapeutic Innovation Research Center (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Anderson Rodrigues de Almeida
- Suely-Galdino Therapeutic Innovation Research Center (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Maira Galdino da Rocha Pitta
- Suely-Galdino Therapeutic Innovation Research Center (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Marilda Mendonça Siqueira
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles (LVRS), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ-Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paola Cristina Resende
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles (LVRS), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ-Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Edson Delatorre
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alegre, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Gomes Naveca
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazônia (EDTA), Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, FIOCRUZ-Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Fabio Miyajima
- Analytical Competence Molecular Epidemiology Laboratory (ACME), FIOCRUZ-Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Tiago Gräf
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Michelly Cristiny Pereira
- Suely-Galdino Therapeutic Innovation Research Center (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Tulio de Lima Campos
- Núcleo de Bioinformática (NBI), Instituto Aggeu Magalhães (IAM), FIOCRUZ-Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Matheus Filgueira Bezerra
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães (IAM), FIOCRUZ-Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Henrique Santos Paiva
- Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães (IAM)-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Núcleo de Ciências da Vida, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Centro Acadêmico do Agreste, Caruaru, Brazil
| | - Gabriel da Luz Wallau
- Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães (IAM)-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Núcleo de Bioinformática (NBI), Instituto Aggeu Magalhães (IAM), FIOCRUZ-Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Department of Arbovirology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, WHO Collaborating Center for Arbovirus and Hemorrhagic Fever Reference and Research, National Reference Center for Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Solórzano Álava L, Bedoya Pilozo C, Hernandez Alvarez H, Rojas Rivera L, Rodriguez Ortega M, Fraga Nodarse J, Pereira LDM, Simões RDO, Vilela RDV. In the Dawn of an Early Invasion: No Genetic Diversity of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in Ecuador? Pathogens 2023; 12:878. [PMID: 37513725 PMCID: PMC10384297 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12070878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis has been reported worldwide. However, some basic questions remain unanswered about A. cantonensis in Ecuador: (1) Was the invasion of A. cantonensis in Ecuador unique, or did it occur in different waves? (2) Was this invasion as recent as historical records suggest? (3) Did this invasion come from other regions of South America or elsewhere? To address these issues, we assessed the genetic diversity of MT-CO1 gene sequences from isolates obtained in 11 of Ecuador's 24 provinces. Our Bayesian inference phylogenetic tree recovered A. cantonensis as a well-supported monophyletic group. All 11 sequences from Ecuador were identical and identified as AC17a. The haplotype AC17a, found in Ecuador and the USA, formed a cluster with AC17b (USA), AC13 (Thailand), and AC12a-b (Cambodia). Notably, all the samples obtained in Ecuadorian provinces' different geographic and climatic regions had no genetic difference. Despite the lack of genetic information on A. cantonensis in Latin America, except in Brazil, our finding differs from previous studies by its absence of gene diversity in Ecuador. We concluded that the invasion of A. cantonensis in Ecuador may have occurred: (1) as a one-time event, (2) recently, and (3) from Asia via the USA. Further research should include samples from countries neighboring Ecuador to delve deeper into this.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Solórzano Álava
- Hospital Luis Vernaza, Junta de Beneficencia de Guayaquil, Guayaquil 090101, Ecuador
| | - Cesar Bedoya Pilozo
- Hospital Luis Vernaza, Junta de Beneficencia de Guayaquil, Guayaquil 090101, Ecuador
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Raquel de Oliveira Simões
- Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica 23890-000, RJ, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Timmers LFSM, Peixoto JV, Ducati RG, Bachega JFR, de Mattos Pereira L, Caceres RA, Majolo F, da Silva GL, Anton DB, Dellagostin OA, Henriques JAP, Xavier LL, Goettert MI, Laufer S. SARS-CoV-2 mutations in Brazil: from genomics to putative clinical conditions. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11998. [PMID: 34099808 PMCID: PMC8184806 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91585-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the high rate of transmissibility, Brazil became the new COVID-19 outbreak epicenter and, since then, is being monitored to understand how SARS-CoV-2 mutates and spreads. We combined genomic and structural analysis to evaluate genomes isolated from different regions of Brazil and show that the most prevalent mutations were located in the S, N, ORF3a and ORF6 genes, which are involved in different stages of viral life cycle and its interaction with the host cells. Structural analysis brought to light the positions of these mutations on protein structures, contributing towards studies of selective structure-based drug discovery and vaccine development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Fernando Saraiva Macedo Timmers
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Do Vale Do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, RS, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Universidade Do Vale Do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, RS, Brazil.
| | - Julia Vasconcellos Peixoto
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Gay Ducati
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Do Vale Do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, RS, Brazil
| | - José Fernando Ruggiero Bachega
- Department of Pharmacosciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Leandro de Mattos Pereira
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbial Ecology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rafael Andrade Caceres
- Department of Pharmacosciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biosciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Majolo
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Do Vale Do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Débora Bublitz Anton
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Do Vale Do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, RS, Brazil
| | - Odir Antônio Dellagostin
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - João Antônio Pegas Henriques
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Do Vale Do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Universidade Do Vale Do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, RS, Brazil
| | - Léder Leal Xavier
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Márcia Inês Goettert
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Do Vale Do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Universidade Do Vale Do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, RS, Brazil
| | - Stefan Laufer
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
de Mattos Pereira L, de Jezuz MPG, Rangel AR, Baldasso BD, Zaluski AB, Graeff-Teixeira C, Morassutti AL. De novo transcriptome reveals blood coagulation/antithrombin factors and infection mechanisms in Angiostrongylus cantonensis adult worms. Parasitology 2021; 148:857-870. [PMID: 33729108 PMCID: PMC11010222 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182021000469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Angiostrongylus cantonensis is the main aetiological agent of eosinophilic meningoencephalitis in humans. Several outbreaks have been documented around the world, cementing its status as an emerging global public health concern. As a result, new strategies for the diagnosis, prophylaxis and treatment of cerebral angiostrongyliasis are urgently needed. In this study, we report on the de novo assembly of the A. cantonensis transcriptome, its full functional annotation and a reconstruction of complete metabolic pathways. All results are available at AngiostrongylusDB (http://angiostrongylus.lad.pucrs.br/admin/welcome). The aim of this study was to identify the active genes and metabolic pathways involved in the mechanisms of infection and survival inside Rattus norvegicus. Among 389 metabolic mapped pathways, the blood coagulation/antithrombin pathways of heparan sulphate/heparin are highlighted. Moreover, we identified genes codified to GP63 (leishmanolysin), CALR (calreticulin), ACE (peptidyl-dipeptidase A), myoglobin and vWD (von Willebrand factor type D domain protein) involved in the infection invasion and survival of the parasite. The large dataset of functional annotations provided and the full-length transcripts identified in this research may facilitate future functional genomics studies and provides a basis for the development of new techniques for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of cerebral angiostrongyliasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro de Mattos Pereira
- Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Escola de Ciências, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Databiomics, Parque Tecnológico Tecnovates, Lajeado, RS95914-014, Brazil
| | - Milene Pereira Guimarães de Jezuz
- Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Escola de Ciências, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Amaranta Ramos Rangel
- Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Escola de Ciências, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Dalcin Baldasso
- Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Escola de Ciências, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Amanda Bungi Zaluski
- Laboratório de Biologia e Desenvolvimento do Sistema Nervoso, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Escola de Ciências, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Graeff-Teixeira
- Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Escola de Ciências, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Loureiro Morassutti
- Escola de Medicina IMED, Passo Fundo, RS99070-220, Brazil
- Instituto de Patologia de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS99010-081, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pereira LDM, Messias EA, Sorroche BP, Oliveira ADN, Arantes LMRB, de Carvalho AC, Tanaka-Azevedo AM, Grego KF, Carvalho AL, Melendez ME. In-depth transcriptome reveals the potential biotechnological application of Bothrops jararaca venom gland. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2020; 26:e20190058. [PMID: 33149734 PMCID: PMC7579844 DOI: 10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2019-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lack of complete genomic data of Bothrops jararaca impedes molecular biology research focusing on biotechnological applications of venom gland components. Identification of full-length coding regions of genes is crucial for the correct molecular cloning design. Methods: RNA was extracted from the venom gland of one adult female specimen of Bothrops jararaca. Deep sequencing of the mRNA library was performed using Illumina NextSeq 500 platform. De novo assembly of B. jararaca transcriptome was done using Trinity. Annotation was performed using Blast2GO. All predicted proteins after clustering step were blasted against non-redundant protein database of NCBI using BLASTP. Metabolic pathways present in the transcriptome were annotated using the KAAS-KEGG Automatic Annotation Server. Toxins were identified in the B. jararaca predicted proteome using BLASTP against all protein sequences obtained from Animal Toxin Annotation Project from Uniprot KB/Swiss-Pro database. Figures and data visualization were performed using ggplot2 package in R language environment. Results: We described the in-depth transcriptome analysis of B. jararaca venom gland, in which 76,765 de novo assembled isoforms, 96,044 transcribed genes and 41,196 unique proteins were identified. The most abundant transcript was the zinc metalloproteinase-disintegrin-like jararhagin. Moreover, we identified 78 distinct functional classes of proteins, including toxins, inhibitors and tumor suppressors. Other venom proteins identified were the hemolytic lethal factors stonustoxin and verrucotoxin. Conclusion: It is believed that the application of deep sequencing to the analysis of snake venom transcriptomes may represent invaluable insight on their biotechnological potential focusing on candidate molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro de Mattos Pereira
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil.,Laboratory of Molecular Microbial Ecology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Elisa Alves Messias
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - André Lopes Carvalho
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil
| | - Matias Eliseo Melendez
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil.,Pelé Little Prince Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.,Little Prince College, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cognato BB, Handali S, de Mattos Pereira L, Barradas JR, Januário da Silva A, Graeff-Teixeira C, Morassutti AL. Identification of cross-reactive markers to strengthen the development of immunodiagnostic methods for angiostrongyliasis and other parasitic infections. Exp Parasitol 2020; 218:107999. [PMID: 32956649 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2020.107999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Angiostrongylus cantonensis is the main causative agent of eosinophilic meningoencephalitis (EoM) in humans. Molecular diagnostic methods are essential since the identification of larvae in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is extremely rare. To date, the detection of a 31 kDa antigen by Western blotting has been the primary immunodiagnostic method for EoM caused by A. cantonensis. However, cross-reactivity with other parasites has been observed. Therefore, we conducted a comparative analysis using sera from individuals with angiostrongyliasis. We also characterized proteins isolated from different cellular sources of A. cantonensis, Toxocara canis, Schistosoma mansoni, and Strongyloides stercoralis with mass spectrometry. A total of 115 cross-reactive proteins were identified. Three of these proteins, heat shock protein, an intermediate filament protein, and galectin 1, represent potential markers for cross-reactivity. In addition, synthetic peptides were generated from previously identified diagnostic targets and tested against sera from individuals infected with several other parasites. As a result, two other markers of cross-reactivity were identified: peptide #4 derived from the 14-3-3 protein and peptide #12 derived from the Lec-5 protein. In contrast, 34 proteins were exclusively present in the Angiostrongylus extracts and represent promising diagnostic molecules for specific identification of A. cantonensis infection. In particular, cytochrome oxidase subunit I is of great interest as a possible immunodiagnostic target for angiostrongyliasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca B Cognato
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Instituto de Pesquisas Biomédicas and Laboratório de Biologia Parasitaria, Faculdade de Biociências da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga 6690, 90690-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Sukwan Handali
- Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, MS D-64, Bldg 23, Room 9-440, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Leandro de Mattos Pereira
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Instituto de Pesquisas Biomédicas and Laboratório de Biologia Parasitaria, Faculdade de Biociências da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga 6690, 90690-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; FATEC, Faculdade de Teologia e Ciências, Rua José Sanches Peres, 3040, 15501-210, Votuporanga, SP, Brazil
| | - José Ricardo Barradas
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Instituto de Pesquisas Biomédicas and Laboratório de Biologia Parasitaria, Faculdade de Biociências da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga 6690, 90690-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Januário da Silva
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Foods Safety and Applied Nutrition, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, Division of Food and Environmental Microbiology, USA
| | - Carlos Graeff-Teixeira
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Instituto de Pesquisas Biomédicas and Laboratório de Biologia Parasitaria, Faculdade de Biociências da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga 6690, 90690-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alessandra L Morassutti
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Instituto de Pesquisas Biomédicas and Laboratório de Biologia Parasitaria, Faculdade de Biociências da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga 6690, 90690-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Osório JB, de Mattos Pereira L, Giongo A, Marconatto L, Potriquet J, Candido RRF, Mulvenna J, Jones M, Graeff-Teixeira C, Morassutti AL. Mollusk microbiota shift during Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection in the freshwater snail Biomphalaria glabrata and the terrestrial slug Phillocaulis soleiformis. Parasitol Res 2020; 119:2495-2503. [PMID: 32556501 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06743-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, we reported for the first time the microbiome from Phyllocaulis soleiformis and Biomphalaria glabrata assessed using high-throughput DNA sequencing pre- and post-infection with the helminth parasite Angiostrongylus cantonensis. B. glabrata and P. soleiformis were experimentally infected with A. cantonensis. Fecal DNAs from control and infected groups were extracted and subjected to 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing survey. No significant differences were found in the alpha diversity indexes in Phyllocaulis and Biomphalaria experiments independently. PCoA analysis using the unweighted UniFrac measures showed that both microbiotas behaved differently depending on the host. In Biomphalaria microbiota, control and infected groups were significantly different (p = 0.0219), while Phyllocaulis samples were not (p = 0.5190). The microbiome of P. soleiformis infected with A. cantonensis showed a significant decrease of Sphingobacterium and a substantial increase of Cellvibrio when compared to a control group. The microbiome of B. glabrata infected with A. cantonensis showed a significant decline in the abundance of Flavobacterium, Fluviicola, Nitrospira, Vogesella and an OTU belonging to the family Comamonadaceae, and a significant increase of Uliginosibacterium and an OTU belonging to the family Weeksellaceae when compared to a control group. Overall, the microbiome data reported here provided valuable information with regard to the diversity of bacterial communities that comprise the gut microbiome of gastropods. Furthermore, we report here the effect of the infection of the helminth A. cantonensis in the ratio and distribution of the fecal microbiome of the snails. Further studies are highly valuable in order to better understand those interactions by comparing different microbiome profiles and mollusk models. By now, we anticipate that ecological studies will take significant advantage of these advances, particularly concerning improving our understanding of helminth-microbiome-host interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Borges Osório
- Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária, Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Predio 12C, Porto Alegre, RS, 90060-900, Brazil
| | - Leandro de Mattos Pereira
- Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária, Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Predio 12C, Porto Alegre, RS, 90060-900, Brazil.,Laboratório de Ecologia Microbiana e Molecular, Bloco E - Predio CCS, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Adriana Giongo
- Instituto do Petróleo e Recursos Naturais, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Predio 96J, Porto Alegre, RS, 90060-900, Brazil
| | - Letícia Marconatto
- Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária, Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Predio 12C, Porto Alegre, RS, 90060-900, Brazil.,Laboratório de Ecologia Microbiana e Molecular, Bloco E - Predio CCS, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil.,Instituto do Petróleo e Recursos Naturais, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Predio 96J, Porto Alegre, RS, 90060-900, Brazil.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia.,Department of Physics, The University of Western Australia, M013, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, 6009, Australia.,School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, 4343, Australia
| | - Jeremy Potriquet
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia
| | | | - Jason Mulvenna
- Instituto do Petróleo e Recursos Naturais, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Predio 96J, Porto Alegre, RS, 90060-900, Brazil
| | - Malcolm Jones
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, 4343, Australia
| | - Carlos Graeff-Teixeira
- Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária, Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Predio 12C, Porto Alegre, RS, 90060-900, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Loureiro Morassutti
- Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária, Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Predio 12C, Porto Alegre, RS, 90060-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
de Carvalho AC, de Mattos Pereira L, Datorre JG, dos Santos W, Berardinelli GN, Matsushita MDM, Oliveira MA, Durães RO, Guimarães DP, Reis RM. Microbiota Profile and Impact of Fusobacterium nucleatum in Colorectal Cancer Patients of Barretos Cancer Hospital. Front Oncol 2019; 9:813. [PMID: 31555583 PMCID: PMC6727361 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial diversity has been pointed out as a major factor in the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). We sought to explore the richness and abundance of the microbial community of a series of colorectal tumor samples treated at Barretos Cancer Hospital, Brazil, through 16S rRNA sequencing. The presence and the impact of Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) DNA in CRC prognosis was further evaluated by qPCR in a series of 152 CRC cases. An enrichment for potentially oncogenic bacteria in CRC was observed, with Fusobacterium being the most abundant genus in the tumor tissue. In the validation dataset, Fn was detected in 35/152 (23.0%) of fresh-frozen tumor samples and in 6/57 (10.5%) of paired normal adjacent tissue, with higher levels in the tumor (p = 0.0033). Fn DNA in the tumor tissue was significantly associated with proximal tumors (p = 0.001), higher depth of invasion (p = 0.014), higher clinical stages (p = 0.033), poor differentiation (p = 0.011), MSI-positive status (p < 0.0001), BRAF mutated tumors (p < 0.0001), and the loss of expression of mismatch-repair proteins MLH1 (p < 0.0001), MSH2 (p = 0.003), and PMS2 (p < 0.0001). Moreover, the presence of Fn DNA in CRC tissue was also associated with a worse patient cancer-specific survival (69.9 vs. 82.2% in 5 years; p = 0.028) and overall survival (63.5 vs. 76.5%; p = 0.037). Here we report, for the first time, the association of F. nucleatum presence with important clinical and molecular features in a Brazilian cohort of CRC patients. Tumor detection and classification based on the gut microbiome might provide a promising approach to improve the prediction of patient outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Denise Peixoto Guimarães
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
- Department of Prevention, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Rui Manuel Reis
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kleber Silveira A, Moresco KS, Mautone Gomes H, da Silva Morrone M, Kich Grun L, Pens Gelain D, de Mattos Pereira L, Giongo A, Rodrigues De Oliveira R, Fonseca Moreira JC. Guarana (Paullinia cupana Mart.) alters gut microbiota and modulates redox status, partially via caffeine in Wistar rats. Phytother Res 2018; 32:2466-2474. [PMID: 30277282 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Microbiota alterations are observed in pathological conditions, and their regulation is a subject of great interest. Gut microbes are affected by diet, and plant polyphenols may have positive effect on gut microbiota; however, plant-derived extracts may have toxic effects. Guarana (Paullinia cupana Mart.) is a nontraditional medicinal plant applied worldwide. Guarana yields an alkaloid and polyphenol-rich seed with antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, where caffeine is the major compound. We evaluated the effects of guarana seed powder (GSP) and purified caffeine on gut microbial composition and redox and inflammatory parameters in Wistar rats after 21 days of treatment. Fecal microbiota was analyzed utilizing 16S rDNA sequencing. Antioxidant enzymes activities from liver, kidney, and colon, as well as oxidative damage markers, were evaluated. Total nonenzymatic antioxidant potential was also evaluated. Microbiota was altered by both treatments, GSP and caffeine, without loss of diversity. In the liver, the kidney, and the colon, we observed a decrease in the antioxidant enzymes activities in the GSP group with no increase in the expression of oxidative damage markers, although some enzymes were also regulated by caffeine. Taken together, these results suggested that GSP ameliorates redox parameters but negatively affected gut microbiota, partially via caffeine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Kleber Silveira
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Karla Suzana Moresco
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Henrique Mautone Gomes
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maurílio da Silva Morrone
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas Kich Grun
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniel Pens Gelain
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Leandro de Mattos Pereira
- Institute of Petroleum and Natural Resources, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriana Giongo
- Institute of Petroleum and Natural Resources, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues De Oliveira
- Institute of Petroleum and Natural Resources, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Borges LGDA, Giongo A, Pereira LDM, Trindade FJ, Gregianini TS, Campos FS, Ghedin E, da Veiga ABG. Comparison of the nasopharynx microbiome between influenza and non-influenza cases of severe acute respiratory infections: A pilot study. Health Sci Rep 2018; 1:e47. [PMID: 30623080 PMCID: PMC6266421 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Influenza A virus (IAV) can cause severe acute respiratory infection (SARI), and disease outcome may be associated with changes in the microbiome of the nasopharynx. This is a pilot study to characterize the microbiome of the nasopharynx in patients hospitalized with SARI, infected and not infected by IAV. METHODS AND RESULTS Using target sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, we assessed the bacterial community of nasopharyngeal aspirate samples and compared the microbiome of patients infected with IAV with the microbiome of patients who were negative for IAV. We observed differences in the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes between SARI patients, with Streptococcus being enriched and Pseudomonas underrepresented in IAV patients compared with patients who were not infected with IAV. CONCLUSION Pseudomonas taxon seems to be in high frequency on the nasopharynx of SARI patients with non-IAV infection and might present a negative association with Streptococcus taxon. Microbial profile appears to be different between SARI patients infected or not infected with IAV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Gustavo dos Anjos Borges
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós‐Graduação em PatologiaUniversidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA)Porto AlegreRSBrazil
- Department of MicrobiologyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Adriana Giongo
- Instituto do Petróleo e dos Recursos Naturais (IPR)Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS)Porto AlegreRSBrazil
| | - Leandro de Mattos Pereira
- Faculdade de BiociênciasPontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS)Porto AlegreRSBrazil
| | - Fernanda J. Trindade
- Faculdade de BiociênciasPontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS)Porto AlegreRSBrazil
| | - Tatiana Schäffer Gregianini
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (LACEN/SES‐RS)Porto AlegreRSBrazil
| | - Fabrício Souza Campos
- College of Veterinary Medicine and AgronomyUniversity of Brasília, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, ICCAsa Norte, CEP 70.910-970 BrasíliaDFBrazil
| | - Elodie Ghedin
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of BiologyNew York UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Global Public HealthNew York UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Ana Beatriz Gorini da Veiga
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós‐Graduação em PatologiaUniversidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA)Porto AlegreRSBrazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
da Silva RA, Pereira LDM, Silveira MC, Jardim R, de Miranda AB. Mining of potential drug targets through the identification of essential and analogous enzymes in the genomes of pathogens of Glycine max, Zea mays and Solanum lycopersicum. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197511. [PMID: 29799863 PMCID: PMC5969768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pesticides are one of the most widely used pest and disease control measures in plant crops and their indiscriminate use poses a direct risk to the health of populations and environment around the world. As a result, there is a great need for the development of new, less toxic molecules to be employed against plant pathogens. In this work, we employed an in silico approach to study the genes coding for enzymes of the genomes of three commercially important plants, soybean (Glycine max), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and corn (Zea mays), as well as 15 plant pathogens (4 bacteria and 11 fungi), focusing on revealing a set of essential and non-homologous isofunctional enzymes (NISEs) that could be prioritized as drug targets. By combining sequence and structural data, we obtained an initial set of 568 cases of analogy, of which 97 were validated and further refined, revealing a subset of 29 essential enzymatic activities with a total of 119 different structural forms, most belonging to central metabolic routes, including the carbohydrate metabolism, the metabolism of amino acids, among others. Further, another subset of 26 enzymatic activities possess a tertiary structure specific for the pathogen, not present in plants, men and Apis mellifera, which may be of importance for the development of specific enzymatic inhibitors against plant diseases that are less harmful to humans and the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rodrigo Jardim
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tschoeke DA, Nunes GL, Jardim R, Lima J, Dumaresq AS, Gomes MR, de Mattos Pereira L, Loureiro DR, Stoco PH, de Matos Guedes HL, de Miranda AB, Ruiz J, Pitaluga A, Silva FP, Probst CM, Dickens NJ, Mottram JC, Grisard EC, Dávila AM. The Comparative Genomics and Phylogenomics of Leishmania amazonensis Parasite. Evol Bioinform Online 2014; 10:131-53. [PMID: 25336895 PMCID: PMC4182287 DOI: 10.4137/ebo.s13759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease caused by Leishmania species. Leishmania amazonensis is a New World Leishmania species belonging to the Mexicana complex, which is able to cause all types of leishmaniasis infections. The L. amazonensis reference strain MHOM/BR/1973/M2269 was sequenced identifying 8,802 codifying sequences (CDS), most of them of hypothetical function. Comparative analysis using six Leishmania species showed a core set of 7,016 orthologs. L. amazonensis and Leishmania mexicana share the largest number of distinct orthologs, while Leishmania braziliensis presented the largest number of inparalogs. Additionally, phylogenomic analysis confirmed the taxonomic position for L. amazonensis within the “Mexicana complex”, reinforcing understanding of the split of New and Old World Leishmania. Potential non-homologous isofunctional enzymes (NISE) were identified between L. amazonensis and Homo sapiens that could provide new drug targets for development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diogo A Tschoeke
- Pólo de Biologia Computacional e Sistemas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz/IOC), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. ; Laboratório de Biologia Computacional e Sistemas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gisele L Nunes
- Laboratório de Biologia Computacional e Sistemas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Jardim
- Pólo de Biologia Computacional e Sistemas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz/IOC), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. ; Laboratório de Biologia Computacional e Sistemas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Joana Lima
- Laboratório de Biologia Computacional e Sistemas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Aline Sr Dumaresq
- Laboratório de Biologia Computacional e Sistemas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Monete R Gomes
- Laboratório de Biologia Computacional e Sistemas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leandro de Mattos Pereira
- Laboratório de Biologia Computacional e Sistemas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Daniel R Loureiro
- Pólo de Biologia Computacional e Sistemas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz/IOC), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patricia H Stoco
- Laboratório de Protozoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Herbert Leonel de Matos Guedes
- Laboratório de Inflamação Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. ; Wellcome Trust Centre for Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Immunity, Infection and Inflammation, College of MVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Antonio Basilio de Miranda
- Pólo de Biologia Computacional e Sistemas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz/IOC), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. ; Laboratório de Biologia Computacional e Sistemas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jeronimo Ruiz
- Pólo de Biologia Computacional e Sistemas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz/IOC), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. ; Instituto René Rachou (Fiocruz/IRR), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - André Pitaluga
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Parasitas e Vetores, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Floriano P Silva
- Pólo de Biologia Computacional e Sistemas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz/IOC), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. ; Laboratório de Bioquímica de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Christian M Probst
- Pólo de Biologia Computacional e Sistemas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz/IOC), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. ; Instituto Carlos Chagas (Fiocruz/ICC), Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Nicholas J Dickens
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Immunity, Infection and Inflammation, College of MVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jeremy C Mottram
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Immunity, Infection and Inflammation, College of MVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Edmundo C Grisard
- Laboratório de Protozoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Alberto Mr Dávila
- Pólo de Biologia Computacional e Sistemas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz/IOC), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. ; Laboratório de Biologia Computacional e Sistemas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|